Urban Train Research Articles

도시철도차량 주행풍을 이용한 터빈형 플라이휠 에너지 저장시스템 개발에 관한 연구

This study aims to develop a Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) that uses wind power produced when an urban train is in motion, by utilizing a mounted turbine. This system was designed to generate and store electric power from wind power of a travelling urban train. The flywheel was designed to continue rotation using a one-way clutch bearing installed in the turbine shaft pulley, even in cases where the urban train decelerates or stops. This FESS can generate an additional 44% of electric power in comparison to a system not equipped with a flywheel. The generated power and operational features of the FESS were evaluated and verified through a wind tunnel test. The results show that the electric power stored in the FESS could supply auxiliary power for urban train components or service equipment, such as charging mobiles, Wi-Fi modules, and electric lights.

Research on Urban Rail Train Passenger Door System Fault Diagnosis Using PCA and Rough Set

Train passenger door is the key system for operation and maintenance of urban rail train. In this paper, working process of the passenger door system of urban rail train is analyzed and the mathematical model is established. Firstly, the method of parameter estimation is used to obtain physical parameters of doors in different working conditions. Then fault diagnosis experiment is carried out on train passenger door with principal component analysis and rough set theory. In the end, fault diagnosed accuracies under different time settings of opening and closing profiles with the test rig are verified.

지하철 고상 승강장 설치형 안전발판 시스템 개발에 관한 연구

교통약자(交通弱者, handicapped)의 이동 특성을 조사한 바에 의하면 도보를 제외하면 지하철 이용율이 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 교통약자의 지하철 이용시 접점인 승강장에서의 승 하차 안전의 확보가 중요한 요소로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하철 고상홈 승강장의 안전발판 시스템 도입에 있어서 승강장 간격 발생원인 및 건축분야 설계 기준에 대해 고찰 하였다. 또한 지하철 운행 중 발생하는 사상 사고의 경우 많은 경제적 손실과 더불어 인명의 피해로 연결되는 경우가 많으므로 승강장 안전사고 저감 및 예방을 위한 안전발판 기본적인 기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 향후 안전발판에 대한 연구가 지속된다면 도시 교통의 중추적인 역할을 하고 있는 도시철도에서의 안전성 확보에 의미 있는 기초 자료가 될 것이다. As a result of the handicapped's moving trait, the rate of urban railway use is the highest except for walking. The safety security is the most important factor while the handicapped are taking the train or getting off urban railway. In this study, we had investigated the causes of occurrence of the gap between the train and the platform and the architectural design codes and standards in terms of the introducing of the safety scaffold system of the urban railway high platform. In case of accidents of urban train, it leads directly the loss of lives and the huge economic loss. Therefore, it is meaningful to present the standards of the safety scaffold for preventing and reducing safety accidents. If the study of the safety scaffolds continues, it could be the important materials for the safety security of urban railway that has been the meaningful role of urban transport.

Research on Methods for Urban Rail Transit Train Operation Regulation

Train operation regulation is the key technology to ensure the orderly operation of trains, its value has been fully realized under the background of rapid construction and high traffic density in urban rail transit. This paper did a deep analysis on different strategies and methods for urban rail transit train operation regulation and the applications of these strategies and methods in different conditions. Furthermore, an automatic train operation regulation mathematical model was established. Then developed a software system in Visual C++ and used it to analysis and test the model by data of a real metro line, the result showed that both the model and the system were available.

Trains Trouble Shooting Based on Wavelet Analysis and Joint Selection Feature Classifier

According to urban train running status, this paper adjusts constraints, air spring and lateral damper components running status and vibration signals of vertical acceleration of the vehicle body, combined with characteristics of urban train operation, we build an optimized train operation adjustment model and put forward corresponding estimation method-- wavelet packet energy moment, for the train state. First, we analyze characteristics of the body vertical vibration, conduct wavelet packet decomposition of signals according to different conditions and different speeds, and reconstruct the band signal which with larger energy; we introduce the hybrid ideas of particle swarm algorithm, establish fault diagnosis model and use improved particle swarm algorithm to solve this model; the algorithm also gives specific steps for solution; then calculate features of each band wavelet packet energy moment. Changes of wavelet packet energy moment with different frequency bands reflect changes of the train operation state; finally, wavelet packet energy moments with different frequency band are composed as feature vector to support vector machines for fault identification

A New Speed Measurement Sensor Using Difference Structure

This paper proposes one new type of speed measurement sensor using difference structure to solve the problem of measurement errors resulted by the vibration of low-speed urban maglev train. By the design of the detection coils and the signal detection circuits, the sensor could fulfills the requirements of rapid and accurate detection. The experiment results show that the speed measurement sensor could effectively overcome the affect of the detection distance changes. The aim of reducing the locating errors caused by the vibration of the train body is achieved. At the same time, the measurement resolution is also increased.

Airborne sound insulation of aluminum extrusion structural walls of an urban rail train

Airborne sound insulation of aluminum extrusion structural walls of an urban rail train

SPEED COMMUTER-URBAN RAIL TRANSPORT

Transport crisis in the cities has become a ubiquitous problem. In Russia, the situation is deteriorated by the absence of the methodology of conceptual design of integrated transport systems in general, and the city-street-speed railway as part of the system. To mitigate this situation, two methodological tasks have been proposed: 1) the relevance of the use of the existing rail network in the city in order to solve the transport crisis and provide the simultaneous increase of its efficiency; 2) a way of organizing a relatively short speed transportation of passengers on the ground of the rail system of urban trains similarly to S- Bahn (Stadtschnellbahn). 1 Logistic approach to the formation of public transport Slogan of times was the integration in everything and everywhere, including public transport. Globalization, which is expressed in the transport sector through inter/multimodality, even in times of crisis and the economic downturn has changed the structure of passenger flows at all levels of transport communications. It has brought to a change in the methods of calculation of passenger traffic, the destination routing traffic and the organization of their technology. Passenger service of all types of transport communication (about 15) should be based on an integrated platform of innovative transportation systems of the two levels. Macrosystems: intermodal, international, long- distance and non-urban transport; microsystems: multimodal, commuter-urban and short transport, which further considered in details. The main type of transport service in microsystem cities and agglomerations should be multifunctional rail transport. Multidimensional solution of the transport problem requires the creation of the intelligent transport and logistics system (ITLS). Passenger logistics in the city should be based on well-developed public transport infrastructure (e.g. rail and vehicles, roads, rail and street ground transportation of all kinds, land and intermodal intercity corridors, ring roads and speed diameters). Urban passenger logistics of inter/multimodal nature should objectively determine the optimal segments of the market of certain types of transport mode and their integration into the end-to-end passenger service system.

통신기반 열차제어시스템 성능평가용 계측시스템 구현 및 적용

This study aims to implement an instrumentation system measuring and analysing real-time data of information flow between respective subunits composing train control system as the performance evaluation method for wireless communication based urban railway train control system under development for a Korean model. It analyses system functional requirements regarding subsystems composing wireless communication based train control system and test items for functions presented in each specification and examines data and measurement point for measuring according to test items in order to implement an instrumentation system. And, it clearly defines requirements of an instrumentation system to avoid malfunction or error in operation of train control system. It reviews data processing method and display method for effective analysis of data flow between respective subunits with measured data, designs and makes an instrumentation system. Ultimately, it applies to a performance test of train control system and makes sure an instrumentation system in normal working order.

대피선 최소화를 고려한 광역철도 급행화 방안 연구

In metropolitan railway systems, the average commuting time keeps increasing as the scheduled speed increases, and this leads to a decline of rail service usage and competitiveness. Therefore, effective express operation for urban trains is required to improve the scheduled speed. In this study, based on the obtainable time shortening efficiency and economic viability, several express operations are suggested for urban railways and these suggestions are compared by considering high performance trains with acceleration/deceleration and maximum speed improvement. As a result, the optimum express system, which can minimize the cost for sidetrack construction, is suggested.

Manufacturing and testing of a GFRP composite bogie frame with straight side beam members

To replace a traditional steel bogie with a composite one, this study designed and manufactured a composite bogie frame made of glass fiber-reinforced plastics to be applied to the bogie of an urban subway train. To evaluate its structural behavior, the composite bogie frame was tested under critical load conditions encompassing vertical loads and a twisting load. The test revealed that the maximum strain measured under the vertical load corresponded to 16.3% of the failure strain of the GEP224 glass fabric/epoxy sample. According to a durability evaluation using Goodman diagrams, both the measured and the calculated stress data were within the endurance limit. Therefore, the composite bogie frame satisfied the structural safety requirements. The evaluation of the contribution of each load case clearly showed that the vertical and braking loads were the most critical load cases. Adding the braking load cases led to movement of the critical point from the inner joint to the outer joint due to the increased torsion.

Simulation Analysis of Influences of Anti-Roll Torsion Bar on Vehicle Dynamics

In the secondary suspension of urban rail vehicles and high-speed passenger trains, combination of air springs and anti-roll torsion bar is widely used. However, in its practical use, cracks appear in the anti-roll torsion bar and vehicle curve performance is lower. Through analysis of anti-roll torsion bar, acceleration being taken into account, the dynamics models of anti-roll torsion bar and the vehicle itself are established. The results indicate that the combination of anti-roll torsion bar and rubber joints is superior to present a more reasonable anti-roll stiffness, to ensure better dynamic performance of the train, and also to lengthen the life of the anti-roll torsion bar.

Derailed by Diversity? Purpose Buffers the Relationship Between Ethnic Composition on Trains and Passenger Negative Mood

Many individuals feel socially isolated and distressed in ethnically diverse settings. Purpose in life may buffer this form of distress by fostering one's sense of having a meaningful direction, which may also be of significance to others. In two experience-sampling studies with ethnically diverse participants, we examined associations between the ethnic composition of urban trains and passenger distress, and tested purpose as a moderator of these relationships. Study 1 showed that participants of all ethnic backgrounds reported greater negative mood when the percentage of ethnic out-group members aboard their train increased. However, individual differences in purpose significantly attenuated this effect. Study 2 replicated and extended these findings experimentally by showing that relative to a control condition, briefly writing about purpose prior to boarding trains also diminished the impact of ethnic composition on negative mood. The discussion addresses strategies for promoting positive adjustment in our increasingly diverse society.

A study on evaluation of fatigue strength of a GFRP composite bogie frame for urban subway vehicles

The fatigue strength and life of a GFRP composite bogie frame for urban subway trains were evaluated in this study. The GEP224 glass fabric/epoxy was selected as the structural material of a composite bogie frame to save its weight. In order to obtain the fatigue characteristics of the GEP224 glass/epoxy composite material, the tension–compression fatigue test was done with three different stacking sequences of warp direction, fill direction, and warp/fill direction, respectively. A fatigue test was conducted with a stress ratio, R of 0.1 and −1, and up to endurance limit of 107 with frequency of 5 Hz. The fatigue strength of the GFRP composite bogie frame was evaluated on the basis of the S-N curve and Goodman diagrams obtained from GEP224 glass/epoxy composites according to the JIS E 4207 and UIC 515/615-4. The result shows that fatigue strength of the GFRP composite bogie has satisfied the design requirements. Also, the GFRP composite bogie frame had a good fatigue performance in comparison with conventional metal bogie frame, considering its weight.

도시형 자기부상열차 대차 프레임의 피로강도 평가

This study evaluated the fatigue strength of the bogie frame of an urban maglev train through fatigue analysis, cumulative damage, and fatigue tests based on a proposed fatigue evaluation method. The results of FEM analysis in which various load combinations were adopted showed that all data were under the fatigue limit of a butt welded joint made of A6005 in a Goodman diagram. The cumulative fatigue damage was calculated at the highest level from a bolt connecting the area of the electromagnetic pole in the casting block; however, the total sum was evaluated as D=0.808 based on 1×10

유선형 형상 개선을 통한 고성능 EMU 열차의 공기저항 저감 연구

고성능 EMU 열차의 형상 개선을 통한 공기저항 저감 효과를 알아보기 위하여 3차원정상 Navier-Stokes 방정식과 2방정식 난류 모델을 이용한 전산유체역학을 이용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 전산시뮬레이션에는 FLUENTTM ver.13과 Gambit 2.4.6이 사용되었으며, 기본 형상과 유선형으로 개선된 형상에 대하여 계산을 수행하였다. 또한, 터널 내 주행 시의 공기저항 특성을 살펴보기 위하여 개활지에서의 공기저항 계산도 수행하였으며, 차량 별 공기저항 기여도에 대한 분석도 수행되었다. 유선형으로 개선된 형상의 열차는 절편형 전두부와 돌출된 상부 및 하부구조를 가진 기본 형상 열차에 비하여 약 9.8%의 공기저항이 저감된 것을 확인하였으며, 공기저항 저감에 따른 주행저항의 저감은 시속 80km/h에서 약 4%에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. The effect of modifying the shape of a high-performance EMU train on the aerodynamic drag is studied here using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) based on three dimensional Steady-state Navier-Stokes equation and two equation turbulence modeling. FLUENT 12 and Gambit 2.4.6 are employed for a numerical simulation of the aerodynamic drag of a streamlined-shape train as well as a proto type train. The characteristics of the aerodynamic drag of trains in tunnels are analyzed in a comparison with these characteristics in an open space. The contribution of the aerodynamic drag of each case is also investigated to establish principal pertaining to drag reduction for urban trains in tunnels. The aerodynamic drag of a streamlined train was reduced to 9.8% relative to a proto-type train with a blunt nose and a protruding roof facility and underbody shape: the running resistance is expected to be reduced by as much as 4% at a running speed of 80km/h.

Delay Analysis of Trains in Simulation System for Urban Rail Transit

The delay in trains generated by an incident often occurs in urban rail transit scheduling, and how to faster and more accurate estimates the delay time of the trains will determine whether or not the influence can provide at the top speed. In this paper, we analysis the working process of the primary delay and the secondary delay, present the methods to calculate the delay time of the trains in case of non-overtaking and overtaking. We adopted the simulation technique to analysis the delay time of the trains. These methods have been inserted the Urban Rail Transit Trains Operation Control Simulation System as an analytical tool.

Critical Sources of Aerodynamic Resistance in a Medium Distance Urban Train: a CFD approach

<p>In this article, the aerodynamic behavior of a commuter train operating at average speeds is evaluated, by means of computational fluid dynamics; the main goal is to identify the main aerodynamic drag sources. The study consist of two phases; the first one is the aerodynamic analysis of the current train using certain mesh parameters and the turbulence model – to obtain a real condition of operation, with this analysis was obtained the total power consumption corresponding to the value of the aerodynamic drag thrown by the simulation process. These results were qualitatively compared with experimental data in order to validate the simulation process. The second part is the identification and analysis of the main aerodynamic drag zones that the Metro system generate in its interaction with the air, to make a preliminary evaluation of a few modifications that allowed the reduction in the drag in these critical</p>

ATO 시스템 전동차의 ECO 운행패턴 적용에 관한 연구 (시뮬레이션 결과를 중심으로)

Abstract : This study focuses on finding ECO driving patterns which consider driving safety of the ATO system train and reliability and which optimize efficiency of the driving energy consumption. Research results derived by performing simulation of those 5 models show that the emergency braking which affects safety of passenger and the machinery is minimized, and safe driving speed is maintained by the prohibition of drastic acceleration/deceleration, coasting and constant-speed driving. Therefore if this result is applied to the urban railway train by amending or making ATO program to save energy usage that improve environmental quality, its effects as ECO driving pattern is huge. Key Words : electric multiple unit(EMU), ECO driving pattern, automatic train operation system(ATO system), reliability, emergency braking † Corresponding Author: Keunoh Lee Tel : +82-2-970-6381, E-mail : leeko@seoultech.ac.krDepartment of Safety Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongrung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-743, Korea

Fatigue strength evaluation of a bogie frame for urban maglev train with fatigue test on full-scale test rig

This study evaluated experimentally static strength for bogie frame of an urban maglev train including performing fatigue analysis, cumulative damage and fatigue test based on a developed fatigue load and as a final outcome, aimed to propose a fatigue strength evaluation method for the bogie frame of urban maglev. The results of FEM analysis adopting load combinations showed that all data was under a fatigue limit of the butt welded joint made of A6005 in Goodman diagram. The cumulative fatigue damage was calculated at the highest level from a bolt connecting area of electromagnetic pole in casting block but the total sum was evaluated as D=0.808 based on 1×107 cycles, which indicates it did not exceed the failure criteria. In addition, as the results of fatigue test, there was no crack on the any position of the bogie frame with the outcomes that corresponded to the results of fatigue test.