Urban District Council Research Articles

The Reasons for Special Talented Secondary School Remoteness Towards Student’s Academic Performance: Case Study; Urban District at Zanzibar

This paper sought to investigate the reasons for special talented secondary school remoteness towards students’ academic performance; a case study of Urban District Council in Zanzibar. Specific objectives were: to determine reasons for special talented secondary school remoteness in Urban district at Zanzibar, and to find out the strategies for improving students’ academic performance in special talented secondary school remoteness in Zanzibar. This article employed a mixed approach research method and is centered and guided by social capital theory propounded by Robert Putnam in 1993. A sample of 151 respondents including 1 DEO, 6 head of schools, 36 teachers, 84 students and 24 parents were used. Simple random sampling techniques were used in selection of ordinary teachers and students while purposive sampling technique was used in selection of the head of schools, DEO and parents in the area of study. Questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews were used in data collections. The findings identified reasons for special talented secondary school remoteness in Urban District Council at Zanzibar include limited financial support, nomadic lifestyle, community's negative attitudes towards education, lack of open spaces for constructions of schools, geographical dispersion and unfriendly transport infrastructure. Lastly, the study proposed which can be used to improve students’ academic performance in special talented secondary schools are construction of hostels, introduction of food programs, provision of transport facilities and clear policies on school locations

INFLUENCE OF HEADTEACHERS’ LEADERSHIP STYLES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DODOMA URBAN DISTRICT, TANZANIA

The quality of education in Tanzania has declined over the past five years with unsatisfactory results recorded in summative evaluation. The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of head teachers’ leadership styles on students’ academic performance in Dodoma Urban District Council, Tanzania. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the influence of head teachers’ supportive leadership style on students’ academic performance and to assess the influence of head teachers’ participative leadership style on students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Dodoma Urban District Council, Tanzania. The study adopted a mixed research approach. Specifically, the researcher adopted a concurrent mixed-method design. The target population for this study consisted of seven (7) head teachers and 110 teachers from seven (7) public secondary schools in Dodoma Urban District. The study used proportionate random sampling and purposive sampling to sample respondents. A closed and open-ended questionnaire was used on teachers and interviews were used on head teachers. The study employed Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 26, to analyze quantitative data which was generated by the use of frequencies, tables, and percentages. The analysis of the interviews involved reading the transcript, annotating the transcript, conceptualizing the data gathered from respondents, segmenting the data, analyzing the segment, and writing the results that were obtained. Findings indicated that, to improve students’ academic performance, head teachers encourage team members to express their ideas or suggestions ensure work is done independently, and provide the opportunity to make decisions. In addition, findings revealed that supervision is done to the team members to meet school objectives and achieve better academic performance in schools. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education (MoE) needs close monitoring of the leadership styles to ensure that it is current and preferably suits both students and teachers to be able to achieve the intended goals and objectives of the school. Good cooperation among the heads of schools, teachers, and students should be strengthened to ensure the excellent academic performance of the students.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0020/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

The Barry Urban District Council, disaster relief funds and civic society, 1913–1934

AbstractThe early twentieth century witnessed some of the worst mining disasters the UK has ever seen. Towns and cities leapt to the aid of bereaved families, raising tens of thousands of pounds in aid. Yet, while the effects of disaster funds on the locality in which they were administered have been the focus of scholarly work, little attention has been given to how these funds were created in constituencies outside of the disaster zone. The Barry Urban District Council (UDC) responded to the call for help after the Senghenydd (1913) and Gresford (1934) disasters, opening relief funds to aid the affected. The funds blurred the line between charity and local government, with the Barry UDC reliant on functions of civic society to aid its philanthropic turn. Their reaction offers insights into the charitable role of UDCs, reflecting on how they used these opportunities to further civic activity.

A Council at War: Whickham Urban District Council 1939-45

This article will examine the responses to the dangers of the Second World War by a local authority in north-east England, Whickham Urban District Council. Councillors and officials received guidance from central Government, Durham County Council and from military authorities to prepare for the anticipated effects of total war, including invasion, bombing and chemical warfare against the civilian population. Detailed monthly reports to the Urban District Council reveal the extensive and expensive preparations made by the Council to counter these threats. Newspaper articles demonstrate the willingness of inhabitants to support the Council and participate in patriotic initiatives including voluntary work and fundraising.

Middlefield: The Development of a Provincial Post-World War Two Council Estate in Lincolnshire, 1960–1965

Scholarly, local-historical, studies of provincial, low-rise post-World War Two council estates are rare. This article attempts to remedy this by examining one such example, the Middlefield Lane estate in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, which was completed in 1965. Using two key primary sources, the minute books of the Gainsborough Urban District Council’s Housing Committee and the Gainsborough Evening News, the article will provide a narrative account of the planning and development of Middlefield, and of the experiences of the estate’s new residents as they settled in there. Post-war council estates have long been criticized as being socially and architecturally problematic. This article aims to present a more nuanced historical perspective on this by demonstrating that these estates were carefully and thoughtfully planned, and have rich and meaningful histories that are worth chronicling.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN ZIMBABWE AND ASSOCIATED CHALLENGES: SYNTHESIS AND ANTITHESIS

The local government system in Zimbabwe has experienced many changes and challenges during the colonial period and after independence in 1980. The Urban and Rural District Council Acts have been amended many times to initiate efficiency and effectiveness in local governance. The focus of such changes included the need to remove racial discrimination, abolish dual systems of development emphasizing white and black areas, develop democracy, good governance, decentralisation and to align local governments institutions’ politics and policies in such a way that they support national strategies and visions for development. Despite many strategies or policies initiated over the years, it system the admirable local government system inherited from the colonial period has deteriorated significantly. Varied challenges have been articulated that include lack of funding, too much central government interventions in local issues, recentralisation through forcing local government officers to report to Governors, Provincial Administrators and District Administrators, violence during local elections, abuses of political power by the Minister of Local Government who ‘willy nilly’ or constantly has dismissed councillors, councils and mayors and so on. The study was a typical desk research. Documents from central government, local governments and books and journals were reviewed and analysed. The results indicate that political comment to achieving democracy, good governance and decentralization is needed. The description of the local government system of Zimbabwe in the new National Constitution (2013) is a positive development. Local government legislation has given too much power to the Minister of Local Government who has tended to abused it as evidenced by unilateral appointments of Commissions and firings of legal institutions. There is also need to elected literate councillors who can form policies or interpret statistical information like financial data especially during budget debates. The deterioration of a local government system cherished by many during the 1980s to the 1990s is a clear testimony of the slow political, governance and democratic development processes.

'A constant irritation to the townspeople'? Local, Regional and National Politics and London's County Asylums at Epsom

In 1908, The Times described London County Council's asylums near Epsom as ‘a constant irritation to the townspeople’. The article was specifically concerned with the patient walking parties that made their way into the town. This, and references to the site of the asylum, focused on the sense of imposition as local residents were forced to contend with London's insane population. As the ‘townspeople’ negotiated the impact of the asylums, the Urban District Council and Lord Rosebery, a former Prime Minister, were to play central roles. The aim of this article is to uncover the motivations of the Council and Rosebery and the roles that first the asylums and then their patients played in the development of their views. Ultimately, it will be argued that although the Council and Rosebery operated outside the management structure of London Asylums, they were able to instigate changes to the ways in which patients were managed.

The Italian Garden at Chiswick House

After the long reign of landscape gardens in England one of the earliest instances of the revival of formal gardens was the Italian Garden at Chiswick House, laid out on the southern part of the garden of Moreton Hall, which the 6th Duke of Devonshire had bought in 1812. Samuel Ware built a 300-feet-long conservatory and Lewis Kennedy provided a design for the garden in early 1814. Kennedy's design was maintained for more than 40 years by Charles Edmunds, who assured that the garden was planted according to the latest fashions. It was initially planted in the mingled system with a range of perennials, but was one of the first gardens to experiment with massed planting of annuals in some of the beds. In 1880 its design was rationalised by the Marquess of Bute's gardener, Michael May, to make it easier to maintain. May's design included the restoration of a mingled planting scheme with a range of perennials, while massed planting of annuals was retained in some of the beds. In 1929 Chiswick House was acquired by Brentford and Chiswick Urban District Council; the mingled planting was once again replaced with the annual bedding schemes for which the Italian Garden was renowned; and in 1933 the conservatory was rebuilt by Messenger and Co. The layout of the beds, however, remained similar to the proposals of 1880 with minor modifications. In 1997 a Landscape Restoration Plan was accepted, which, while recognising the significance of the Kennedy design, proposed the repair of the May design. The restoration was completed in 2010.

Sexing the History of Sexuality

1 Building Jerusalem, p. 104. 2 The Victorian City: Images and Realities, ed. H. J. Dyos and Michael Wolff, 2 vols, London, 1973. 3 Building Jerusalem, pp. 173 and 195. 4 Donald J. Olsen, The Growth of Victorian London, London, 1976, especially chap. 8. 5 Building Jerusalem, p. 306. 6 On Croydon I've cited the entry in The Mayors of England & Wales (With Portraits of Mayors and Mayoresses), ed. F. A. Barnes, Brighton, 1902; on the other suburbs see (for example) Charles Jones, Ealing: From Village to Corporate Town, or Forty Years of Municipal Life, London, n.d. [c.1903]; Fifty Years a Borough 1886-1936: the Story of West Ham, ed. Donald McDougall, West Ham Borough Council, London, 1936; Alfred Stokes, East Ham: From Village to County Borough, London, 1933; Fred Fisk, The History of the Ancient Parish of Tottenham in the County of Middlesex. From Early Druidical Times, B.C., to A.D. 1923, London, 1923; Tottenham Past and Present, Tottenham Urban District Council, London, n.d. [c.1930]. David Reeder's essay on west London suburbia is 'A Theatre of Suburbs: Some Patterns of Development in West London, 1801-1911, in The Study of Urban History, ed. H. J. Dyos, London, 1968, pp. 253-71. 7 Some of this prejudice will no doubt be challenged in due time by the new School of Suburban Studies, a welcome addition to the resources of Kingston University. 8 See Phillip Edwards and John Flatley, The Capital Divided. Mapping Poverty and Social Exclusion in London, London, 1996; Bobby Duffy, Life Satisfaction and Trust in Other People, London, 2004 this doesn't identify suburbs as distinct from other areas, but when the negative drivers are put alongside the findings of The Capital Divided I think there's a reasonable inference that life satisfaction in the suburbs would be higher than in the inner city. 9 I'm echoing, of course, E. P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class, London, 1963, p. 12. 10 Rt Hon John Reid, MP, Localising the National Health Service: gaining greater equity through localism and diversity, New Local Government Network, London, n.d. [2003], pp. 22-3.

David Chilton Phillips, Lord Phillips of Ellesmere, K.B.E. 7 March 1924 — 23 February 1999

David Phillips was born on 7 March 1924 in Ellesmere, Shropshire, a small country town with a population then of 2000, on the border between England and Wales. His father, Charles Harry Phillips, was a Master Tailor and a Wesleyan Methodist local preacher. His mother, Edith Harriet Phillips (née Finney), was a London-trained midwife, the organist at Ellesmere Methodist Church and a member of the Ellesmere Urban District Council. She was the daughter of Samuel Finney, who was one-time secretary of the Midland Miners' Federation, a Member of Parliament 1916-22, and also a Primitive Methodist local preacher. David's unusual middle name is the maiden surname of his mother's great-grandmother and it was a reminder that the family was supposed to be related to the Pilgrim Father James Chilton, who sailed on the Mayflower. David was known as Chilton Phillips in Ellesmere. There was one sister who was four years older than David. She left home at fourteen to train as a child nurse, later became a telephonist and married. Tragically, she died in 1942 from diabetes.

Antenatal care in South Wales 1934-1962.

The records of the Special Antenatal Clinics held by the Rhondda Urban District Council between 1934 and 1962 at the Carnegie Welfare Centre in Trealaw, South Wales, were studied. An analysis is presented of structured samples taken from the clinics of one month in each quinquennium from 1934 to 1962. The collected material is then grouped into a period covering the pre-war and wartime years of 1934-1946, and a post-war period from 1950 to 1962. Examination of these sections shows developments in the mid-twentieth century both in the recording of medical histories and in the care of childbirth in this area of Wales.

Lost & Found: 89. Echalaz collection

Browsing in an old second hand book catalogue recently 1 noted the following entry: 'ECHALAZ C Waterloo Museum, Liverpool. Complete History (and Description) of the Echalaz Collection (of Birds). CROYDON (1908) 8vo., plates, cloth'. This seems to be a very scarce item and it would be interesting to locate a copy to see if the Museum included geological material. The Waterloo Museum is clearly that described by Howarth and Platnauer (1911, p.230) as the Museum at Waterloo-with-Seaforth, near Liverpool (pop. 26,399) run by the urban district council, in a single room. The contents are chiefly birds with a general collection. The birds are the collection of -174- Lt, Col. Echalaz, for which *a hand-book (Illustrated) of the Echalaz collection, compiled...

THE BRITISH LIBRARY AND THE SHIRE COUNTY

It would be quite impossible to assess the true value of the British Library as a national support service to any library authority without first sketching the historical background of local government reorganization, as in Devon in 1974, and the resultant upheaval. In comparison with other shire counties, I would not presume to suggest that Devon's problems were any more acute than those of its fellows, but the amalgamation, including three county boroughs, an urban district council, a county council, and a small borough, proved to be a severe testing ground for all concerned.

Injunctions and the “Right to Demonstrate”

Injunctions against pickets and demonstrators are not common. There appear to be no reported cases in England between 1899 (when Llandudno Urban District Council tried to stop a clergyman from preaching on the beach) and the disputes in the London Docks in 1972. In Hubbard v. Pitt, the use of injunctions again came to the fore, when a firm of estate agents obtained interlocutory injunctions restraining members of a tenants' campaign from picketing their premises as a political protest.

Hugh Stott Taylor, 6 February 1890 - 17 April 1974

Hugh Stott Taylor, the third child of James and Ellen (néeStott) Taylor, was born at St Helens, Lancashire, on 6 February 1890. He had four brothers and three sisters. His father was a glass technologist who, during a period of fifty years, made notable improvements in the quality of plate glass and in the manufacture of coloured glass. Hugh inherited from his father an early interest in the application of science to the solution of industrial problems and an ability to resolve difficulties by experiment. His mother, before her marriage, had been headmistress of a school and devoted to the education of the poor. Relatives on both sides of the family were concerned with local government. James Stott, J.P., uncle, was Chairman of the Hindley Urban District Council and a great uncle, Edward Johnson, had been Mayor of St Helens.

The Significance of Clay Cross: Another Look at District Audit

In 1973 eleven councillors from Clay Cross Urban District Council were ‘surcharged’ (or ordered to meet the loss to the rate fund of) £7,000 by a district auditor—a central government employee—for not implementing the 1972 Housing Finance Act. The amount of the surcharge also automatically disqualified them from holding office as local councillors for five years. Similarly in 1971–72 other councils were threatened with surcharge for not implementing the Education (Milk) Act 1971 which imposed an obligation on local education authorities to charge children aged between seven and eleven for the school milk they received. The district audit system—often referred to as ‘the ratepayers watchdog’ or ‘police force’—has also been criticised for stifling initiative, innovation, or the reasonable exercise of discretion by local government. Even impartial commentators who have described a more flexible approach by district auditors over the decades, nevertheless refer to the legal powers of the district auditors as, for example, a ‘longstop’ (‘not much more than a longstop’ to be precise), with councils complying with ‘advice’ from auditors. This could merely mean that district auditors are prevented from having to surcharge or disqualify councillors or disallow expenditure, because the threat of surcharge is enough to ensure strict observance of the law.

LINKAGE ADJUSTMENT FOLLOWING INDUSTRIAL MOVEMENT *

Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale GeografieVolume 64, Issue 3 p. 137-144 LINKAGE ADJUSTMENT FOLLOWING INDUSTRIAL MOVEMENT * M. J. MOSELEY, Corresponding Author M. J. MOSELEY Norwich, U.K.**Senior Research Associate and Deputy Director, Leverhulme Movement of Industry Research Project, University of East Anglia.Search for more papers by this authorP. M. TOWNROE, Corresponding Author P. M. TOWNROE Norwich, U.K.**Senior Research Associate and Deputy Director, Leverhulme Movement of Industry Research Project, University of East Anglia.Search for more papers by this author M. J. MOSELEY, Corresponding Author M. J. MOSELEY Norwich, U.K.**Senior Research Associate and Deputy Director, Leverhulme Movement of Industry Research Project, University of East Anglia.Search for more papers by this authorP. M. TOWNROE, Corresponding Author P. M. TOWNROE Norwich, U.K.**Senior Research Associate and Deputy Director, Leverhulme Movement of Industry Research Project, University of East Anglia.Search for more papers by this author First published: January 1973 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.1973.tb00075.xCitations: 27 † *This paper was prepared for the Annual Conference of the Institute of British Geographers, University of Birmingham, January 1973. The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Norfolk and West Suffolk County Councils, Haverhill Urban District Council, Thetford Borough Council, the North East Development Council, the Durham University Business School and the Centre of Urban Economics, London School of Economics. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume64, Issue3January 1973Pages 137-144 RelatedInformation

Testicular heterotopia in a pig.

The Journal of Pathology and BacteriologyVolume 95, Issue 2 p. 555-556 Short Article Testicular heterotopia in a pig K. A. Misch, K. A. Misch Department of Pathology, Lister Hospital, Hitchin, Herts Public Health Department, Urban District Council, Hitchin, HertsSearch for more papers by this authorH. Forrest, H. Forrest Department of Pathology, Lister Hospital, Hitchin, Herts Public Health Department, Urban District Council, Hitchin, HertsSearch for more papers by this author K. A. Misch, K. A. Misch Department of Pathology, Lister Hospital, Hitchin, Herts Public Health Department, Urban District Council, Hitchin, HertsSearch for more papers by this authorH. Forrest, H. Forrest Department of Pathology, Lister Hospital, Hitchin, Herts Public Health Department, Urban District Council, Hitchin, HertsSearch for more papers by this author First published: April 1968 https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1700950231Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume95, Issue2April 1968Pages 555-556 RelatedInformation

Hertfordshire Flowers

Flora of Hertfordshire The Wild Plants of the County of Hertford and the Adjoining Areas included in Watsonian Vice-County 20. By John G. Dony. with a foreword by Edward Salisbury. Pp. 112 + 56 maps. (Hitchin: Hitchin Urban District Council, 1967.) 42s. net.

Robert George Spencer Hudson, 1895-1965

Robert George Spencer Hudson was Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at Trinity College, Dublin, a former Professor of Geology at the University of Leeds and for nearly thirteen years (1946-1958) geologist and palaeontologist with the Iraq Petroleum Company. He was born on 17 November 1895 and died suddenly on 29 December 1965. He was distinguished for his major studies in Carboniferous palaeontology, stratigraphy and sedimentation in Yorkshire and elsewhere in the north of England; also for his contributions to the understanding of the palaeontology and geology of the Middle East, especially the Mesozoic Stromatoporoids found there. Rather above middle height he was sturdily built and of rugged appearance. He spoke slowly as if evaluating every thought before delivering it; yet conversely on occasions one was surprised by a thoughtless and untimely remark. Nevertheless, he will be remembered for his enthusiasm, courage and kindly nature, especially by many of those who worked with him. Hudson was born at Rugby, the eldest son of Robert Spencer Hudson, a member of a Rugby firm of builders, Parnell and Sons, which built several buildings designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens. A skilled worker in wood, he took charge under Lutyens of the building of Queen Mary’s Dolls’ House. He was prominent in the municipal life of Rugby, serving for many years on its Urban District Council; he became in turn, Alderman, then Mayor and was subsequently elected the first Freeman of Rugby. R. G. S. Hudson’s mother was Annie Wilhelmina, née Goble, of Bicester, Oxfordshire; he had three brothers and two sisters. His schooling began at St. Matthews, a Church of England school in Rugby, under a good headmaster.