Human Papillomavirus Uptake Research Articles

"I Thought It Was Better to Be Safe Than Sorry": Factors Influencing Parental Decisions on HPV and Other Adolescent Vaccinations for Students with Intellectual Disability and/or Autism in New South Wales, Australia.

The uptake of human papilloma virus (HPV) and other adolescent vaccinations in special schools for young people with disability is significantly lower than in mainstream settings. This study explored the factors believed to influence parental decision making regarding vaccine uptake for students with intellectual disability and/or on the autism spectrum attending special schools in New South Wales, Australia, from the perspective of all stakeholders involved in the program. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with 40 participants, including parents, school staff, and immunisation providers. The thematic analysis identified two themes: (1) appreciating diverse parental attitudes towards vaccination and (2) educating parents and managing vaccination questions and concerns. While most parents were described as pro-vaccination, others were anti-vaccination or vaccination-hesitant, articulating a marked protectiveness regarding their child's health. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy included beliefs that vaccines cause autism, concerns that the vaccination may be traumatic for the child, vaccination fatigue following COVID-19, and assumptions that children with disability will not be sexually active. Special school staff regarded the vaccination information pack as inadequate for families, and nurses described limited educational impact resulting from minimal direct communication with parents. More effective communication strategies are needed to address vaccine hesitancy among parents with children with disability.

Overview of the Implementation of the First Year of Immunization against Human Papillomavirus across Different Administrative Units in Serbia and Montenegro.

Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccination, uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination remains low worldwide. We aimed to analyze the coverage of HPV immunization during the first year of the immunization program and the sociodemographic characteristics across different administrative units in Serbia and Montenegro. Coverage of HPV vaccination in Serbia for females aged 9-14 and 15-19 years was 5.5% and 5.9%, respectively. The coverage rate of immunization against HPV in Montenegro for girls aged 9-14 years was 22.1%. Within Serbia, only one administrative region (Moravica) had HPV immunization coverage in girls 9-19 years old above 10%, 11 districts had coverage from 5 to 10%, while 13 districts had coverage below 5%. As per Montenegro, two administrative units, Cetinje and Berane, reported the highest coverage, with 39% and 36.4% of vaccinated eligible girls, respectively. When we explored the coverage of HPV immunization among girls aged 9-19 years across different regions in Serbia, we observed that the level of coverage did not correlate with the number of pediatricians or with the population density. In Montenegro, we observed a similar situation. On the other hand, we noticed a statistically significant moderate negative correlation (r = -0.446; p = 0.026) between HPV immunization coverage and the percentage of illiterate women in the administrative units. Comparing the coverage between the two countries we found that the higher coverage in Montenegro corresponded with a smaller number of female populations aged 9-14 years, with higher average net monthly income, with smaller population density and smaller number of pediatricians, among divorced persons, and among those without formal education or incompletely primary education. Taking into account the experiences in Montenegro, increasing immunization coverage in Serbia could be achieved through a more vigorous educational campaign targeting schools, the general population, and healthcare workers as well as by additionally incentivizing those engaged in these activities.

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention to Promote HPV Uptake Among Young Women Who Attend Subsidized Clinics

ObjectiveTo evaluate the preliminary efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of Step Up to Prevention, a technology-enhanced intervention to promote human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake among young minority and low-income women. DesignA pilot randomized controlled trial. SettingTwo federally supported outpatient clinics in a large city in the northeastern United States. ParticipantsWomen who were 18 to 26 years of age (N = 60). MethodsWe randomized participants into four groups: computer information, in-person tailored, combined, and usual care. We administered computer-assisted self-interview surveys before the intervention (baseline), immediately after the intervention (postintervention), and after their clinic visit (post–clinic visit). We conducted a descriptive analysis of participant characteristics. For preliminary efficacy, we used logistic regression–assessed HPV vaccine initiation uptake rates, and we used descriptive statistics to compare theoretical mediators. We used conventional content analysis to assess participant feedback about intervention acceptability. We assessed feasibility through recruitment and retention rates and our ability to deliver the intervention. ResultsWe observed significant differences in initial HPV vaccine uptake between the intervention groups and the usual care group. Participant feedback indicated that the intervention was acceptable, empowering, and informative. We met our recruitment target, maintained a high retention rate (98%), and delivered the complete intervention to all participants. ConclusionWe report the preliminary efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of this intervention to promote HPV vaccine initiation among young women in federally subsided health care settings by advancing favorable views and improving knowledge about HPV vaccination.

Impact of mobile health technologies on human papillomavirus vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated girls aged 9–14 years in Lagos, Nigeria (mHealth-HPVac): study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundDespite the availability of effective vaccines, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains low in most resource-limited settings including Nigeria. Mobile health technology (mHealth) has the potential to empower patients to manage their health, reduce health disparities, and enhance the uptake of HPV vaccination.AimThe “mHealth-HPVac” study will assess the effects of mHealth using short text messages on the uptake of HPV vaccination among mothers of unvaccinated girls aged 9–14 years and also determine the factors influencing the uptake of HPV vaccination among these mothers.MethodsThis protocol highlights a randomised controlled trial involving women aged 25–65 years who will be enrolled on attendance for routine care at the General Outpatient clinics of Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria between July and December 2024. At baseline, n = 123 women will be randomised to either a short text message or usual care (control) arm. The primary outcome is vaccination of the participant’s school-age girl(s) at any time during the 6 months of follow-up. The associations between any two groups of continuous variables will be assessed using the independent sample t-test for normally distributed data, or the Mann-Whitney U test for skewed data. For two groups of categorical variables, the Chi-square (X2) test or Fisher’s exact test will be used, as appropriate. Using the multivariable binary logistic regression model, we will examine the effects of all relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables on HPV vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated but vaccine-eligible school-age girls. Statistical significance will be reported as P < 0.05.DiscussionThe mHealth-Cervix study will evaluate the impact of mobile technologies on HPV vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated but vaccine-eligible school-age girls in Lagos, Nigeria as a way of contributing to the reduction in the wide disparities in cervical cancer incidence through primary prevention facilitated using health promotion to improve HPV vaccination uptake.RegistrationPACTR202406727470443 (6th June 2024).

Knowledge, Attitude, and Uptake of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination among Chinese Female Adults: A National Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey Based on a Large E-commerce Platform.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a promising step toward cervical cancer elimination. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and HPV vaccine uptake among female adults in mainland China based on a large e-commerce platform. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of female adults between March 4 to April 20, 2022. The survey consisted of sociodemographic information, related knowledge, vaccination uptake, and attitudes toward vaccination. We included women aged 18-45 years in the final analysis. Logistic regressions were conducted to explore influencing factors associated with related knowledge, HPV vaccination uptake, and willingness to be vaccinated. In total, 3,572 female adults (34 years, IQR 30-39) were included in the analysis. The majority of the participants were highly educated (78.7%) with a high monthly family income (79.0%). The median HPV knowledge score was 8.25 out of 11. More than 75% of respondents were unvaccinated, while 95.8% of unvaccinated female adults are willing to be vaccinated. Variables such as age, insurance, vaccination history, and whether one had heard of the HPV vaccine influence HPV vaccination practice (all p-values < 0.05). The main barriers to vaccination were vaccine inaccessibility and the high cost of the vaccine. The findings of our study highlight a moderate knowledge level, poor vaccination rate, and strong willingness to be vaccinated among Chinese female adults who were better educated and wealthier. Targeted health education and practical support should be provided in the future, to reduce gaps between vaccine uptake and vaccine acceptance.

Effect of health education on acceptance of human papilloma virus vaccine among parents of adolescent girls of Bishnupur, Manipur: A quasi-experimental study.

Background & objectives India contributes maximum to world's cervical cancer burden. Prevention through vaccination is one of the pillars of the global strategy adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the elimination of cervical cancer. Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, which is about to be introduced in Universal Immunization Programme can be predicted by assessing its acceptance. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted among parents of adolescent girls of Bishnupur from February to May 2023 to evaluate the effect of a one-on-one health educational intervention programme on acceptance of the HPV vaccine. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model from 70 participants selected through convenience sampling. Participants who responded 'definitely yes' to getting their daughters vaccinated with the HPV vaccine were considered as 'vaccine acceptant'. Health education comprised three sessions two wk apart. Descriptive statistics, Cochrane's Q and ANOVA were applied using SPSS 26. Results The median age of the participants was 38 (IQR: 34-44) yr, and 77.1 per cent were females. HPV vaccine acceptance improved significantly over time from 61.4 to 81.4 to 88.6 per cent (P=0.001), respectively. On application of repeated measure ANOVA, perceived benefits of vaccination (P<0.001) and perceived susceptibility to disease (P<0.001) improved significantly across the three time points, whereas perceived severity (P=0.051) and perceived barriers (P=0.367) did not. Interpretation & conclusions Health education intervention was effective at improving vaccine acceptance. Awareness programmes before the rollout of HPV vaccination and continuous re-enforcement would improve parents' perceived benefits and thereby potentially increase vaccine coverage.

Impact of COVID-19 on HPV Vaccination Rates in New York City and Long Island.

In the United States, uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been exceptionally low as compared with other vaccines. During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, routine vaccinations were deferred or delayed, further exacerbating HPV vaccine hesitancy. The specific effect of the pandemic on HPV vaccination rates in the United States has not been yet described. We aimed to determine the percentage of children achieving full HPV vaccination (2 doses) by age 15 years and to compare prepandemic to pandemic rates of HPV vaccination at pediatric practices across our institution. A retrospective chart review was performed to compare HPV vaccination rates in the "prepandemic" and "pandemic" periods for all children 9 through 14 years of age. Additionally, peaks in COVID-19 positivity were compared with HPV vaccination rates. Of children aged 9-14 years, 49.3% received at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine in the prepandemic period, compared with 33.5% during the pandemic (P < 0.0001). Only 33.5% of patients received the full 2-dose series of HPV prepandemic, compared with 19.0% of patients during the pandemic (P < 0.0001). When COVID-19 positivity rates peaked, HPV vaccination also declined. The issue of low HPV vaccination rates was amplified due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as illustrated by the correlation between peaks in COVID-19 positivity and low rates of HPV vaccination.

Engagement With a Youth Community Advisory Board to Develop and Refine a Facebook HPV Vaccination Promotion Intervention (#HPVvaxtalks) for Young Black Adults (18-26 years old).

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain suboptimal among young Black adults (18-26 years). Research focused on HPV vaccination among young Black adults is limited. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, we developed #HPVvaxtalks, a theoretically grounded and culturally appropriate Facebook intervention in collaboration with a youth community advisory board (YCAB) to increase awareness of HPV risk factors, risk perception, HPV vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination intention, and uptake for Black individuals. Engagement with YCAB members fostered opportunity to discuss priorities reflecting the community's interest and make #HPVvaxtalks more relevant. This article describes the YCAB engagement and collaborative process in the development and refinement of posts/messages for #HPVvaxtalks. Five young Black adults (18-26 years of age) were invited to become members of a YCAB. YCAB reviewed the preliminary version of #HPVvaxtalks intervention materials and provided critiques and suggestions for refinement. Following the completion of the collaborative process, YCAB members completed individual interviews to reflect on the process. Feedback from YCAB participants focused on the relevance, engagement, clarity, and organization of the content and the media utilized. Participants suggested using "memes" to improve cultural relevance and engagement for young Black individuals. All YCAB members expressed satisfaction with the development process. Collaboration with a YCAB was crucial in developing a culturally relevant and acceptable #HPVvaxtalks intervention, which includes 40 messages/posts for young Black adults. Undergoing the iterative process of intervention development and refinement with the priority population can be an essential component in the design and implementation of health promotion activities.

Determinants for hesitancy in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among school girls in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. A mixed approach: quantitative and qualitative

BackgroundThe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination helps the body fight off certain types of the virus. Despite being one of the top 10 health hazards in the world, vaccination hesitancy has received little attention in Ethiopia. In Jimma Town, Ethiopia, the current study aims to identify the variables that affect HPV vaccine resistance and evaluate HPV uptake resistance and related variables among female school students.MethodsA mixed study of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis were considered. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023. Following a thorough random sampling process, 373 respondents were selected using stratified sampling techniques. The necessary information was gathered using an in-depth interview, a structured questionnaire administered using Kobotoolbox tools, and an interviewer who had undergone training. Models of multivariable and bivariate logistic regression were both used.ResultA total of 369 respondents participated in the study and the response rate was 98.9%. The hesitancy of the HPV vaccine in Jimma Town female school students was 39.02%. Female students who have a mobile phone, (OR = 0.46, 95% CI (1.16, 45.89), mothers educational status (≥\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\ge$$\\end{document} Secondary) (OR = 0.53, 95% CI (1.11, 2.44), older sister vaccinated (OR = 0.19, 95% CI (0.004, 0.42), previously vaccinated two doses of HPV (OR=0.64, 95% CI (0.006, 0.137), Confidence (worried in safety and efficacy of vaccine) (OR = 3.42, 95% CI (0.30, 0.87), Not Belief in rumors (HPV vaccine ruins girls fertility) (OR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.43, 0.96), and Complacency (Distrust in health care information ) (OR = 0.24, 95% CI (0.37, 0.94), were found to be statistically significant with HPV Vaccine Hesitancy.ConclusionDue to widespread misinformation in the community, both schoolgirls and parents had high levels of hesitancy for the HPV vaccine in this study compared to a similar study. As a result, the HPV vaccine program, with the help of the appropriate health care professionals, should work hard to maximize community awareness in order to significantly increase the uptake of the HPV vaccine.

Uptake of human papillomavirus vaccination and its associated factors among adolescents in Gambella town, Southwest, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo assess the uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and its associated factors among adolescents in Gambella town, Southwest Ethiopia.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study.SettingGambella town, Southwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 882 adolescents...

The potential benefits of "community champions" in the healthcare system.

In a study to understand acceptability and uptake of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) self-sampling, we engaged community champions to lead recruitment and other study activities. This article describes qualitative findings relevant to the role of the community champion. We found that community champions were critical to promoting awareness about and encouraging cervical screening and HPV self-sampling. They were well-connected community members who had healthcare backgrounds, which created trust in their messages. They were highly effective at encouraging screening because of their education and cultural congruency, combined with the time for thorough and clear explanations. Women had an inherent level of comfort with the community champions that often did not exist with their physician. The community champions were seen as being able to address some of the barriers that exist within the healthcare system. We encourage health leaders to consider how this role can be sustainably and meaningfully incorporated into the healthcare system.

The HPV at the Abortion Visit: The Utility of Video Education [ID: 1377357

INTRODUCTION: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is an important component of comprehensive sexual and reproductive health care and has the potential to completely eradicate cervical cancer. However, many women make it to adulthood without receiving a single vaccine. The abortion visit is an important health care access point for high-risk, unvaccinated individuals. METHODS: Patients (N=20) were recruited from the waiting room at a Chicago Planned Parenthood. Phase 1 included participants completing a 29-question assessment on HPV knowledge, HPV testing, and HPV vaccination. Phase 2 consisted of a randomized control trial of English-speaking patients, aged 18–26, presenting for a medication abortion (N=50). Primary outcome was uptake of vaccine; secondary was HPV knowledge via the same knowledge assessment tool used in phase 1. Patients were randomized to the interventional video or “usual care.” All patients were offered an HPV vaccine during medication abortion counseling. RESULTS: Knowledge scores significantly improved from preintervention (0.68 [±0.06]) to postintervention (0.77±0.05) (P=.03). Patients from the video intervention group demonstrated higher vaccine uptake (16%) compared to the “usual-care” group (0%) (P=.04). HPV knowledge assessment was significantly different between arms, with usual-care patients scoring 60% versus video intervention patients at 72%. CONCLUSION: There was significant improvement in knowledge assessment scores and vaccine uptake among the video intervention group. Video education is an effective tool in increasing HPV knowledge and uptake.

Knowledge, attitude, and uptake of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine among parents of adolescents attending outpatient clinic at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

The aim of the study was to examine the knowledge, attitude and uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine among 302 parents whose adolescents' children utilized care services at the General Practice Units (GPU) of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH). Systematic sampling technique was used to select respondents for the study. Self-administered questionnaire that was pretested was used in collecting information from the respondents. The characteristics of the respondents were described using simple proportion and frequency. Also, knowledge and attitude of respondents on HPV and its vaccine were presented using simple proportion and frequency. The Chi-square test examined factors associated with uptake of HPV vaccine. The results indicate that 42.4% of the respondents have heard of HPV infection, whil only 18.5% have heard of HPV vaccine. By contrast, 18.5% of the respondents reported that their children had been vaccinated. Attitude of the respondents on the vaccine was not impressive given that only 34.4% reported that the vaccine was important, while 56.6% reported that they will advise their friends to be vaccinated. A higher proportion of children who were vaccinated were those whose parents believed that their children will be vulnerable without vaccination and those whose religion did not disapprove of the vaccination. We conclude that the knowledge of HPV among parents in this population is low; the knowledge of the vaccine and its uptake is low; while attitude towards the vaccine is unimpressive. We recommend the adoption of intervention programmes to improve the knowledge and encourage th uptake of the vaccine among adolescents in this population.

Maximizing the cost-effectiveness of cervical screening in the context of routine HPV vaccination by optimizing screening strategies with respect to vaccine uptake: a modeling analysis

BackgroundRegarding primary and secondary cervical cancer prevention, the World Health Organization proposed the cervical cancer elimination strategy that requires countries to achieve 90% uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and 70% screening uptake. The optimal cervical screening strategy is likely different for unvaccinated and vaccinated cohorts upon national HPV immunization. However, health authorities typically only provide a one-size-fits-all recommendation for the general population. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness for determining the optimal screening strategies for vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts.MethodsWe considered the women population in Hong Kong which has a unique HPV infection and cervical cancer epidemiology compared to other regions in China and Asia. We used mathematical models which comprise a deterministic age-structured compartmental dynamic component and a stochastic individual-based cohort component to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for cervical screening. Following the recommendations in local guidelines in Hong Kong, we considered strategies that involved cytology, HPV testing, or co-testing as primary cervical screening. We also explored the impacts of adopting alternative de-intensified strategies for vaccinated cohorts. The 3-year cytology screening was used as the base comparator while no screening was also considered for vaccinated cohorts. Women’s lifetime life years, quality-adjusted life years, and costs of screening and treatment were estimated from the societal perspective based on the year 2022 and were discounted by 3% annually. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were compared to a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of one gross domestic product per capita (US $47,792). Probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsAmong unvaccinated cohorts, the strategy that adds reflex HPV to triage mild cytology abnormality generated more life years saved than cytology-only screening and could be a cost-effective alternative. Among vaccinated cohorts, when vaccine uptake was 85% (based on the uptake in 2022), all guideline-based strategies (including the cytology-only screening) had ICERs above the WTP threshold when compared with no screening if the vaccine-induced protection duration was 20 years or longer. Under the same conditions, HPV testing with genotyping triage had ICERs (compared with no screening) below the WTP threshold if the routine screening interval was lengthened to 10 and 15 years or screening was initiated at ages 30 and 35 years.ConclusionsHPV testing is a cost-effective alternative to cytology for vaccinated cohorts, and the associated optimal screening frequency depends on vaccine uptake. Health authorities should optimize screening recommendations by accounting for population vaccine uptake.

Knowledge About Human Papilloma Virus Among Medical Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Background: Physicians’ knowledge and comments are important in the uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) screening among women. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge of ​senior medical students on HPV as future physicians of Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between March 2021 and May 2021. All final-year medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were invited to complete an online standardized questionnaire through a mobile app. The Independent samples t test was performed for data analysis in SPSS software version 16. Results: In the present study, 215 female medical students and 128 male ones participated, with an average age of 23.14 (SD=1.21) years. Most of the students (85.67%) were single. The average knowledge score of the students was 9.25 (SD=6.21), demonstrating their low level of knowledge of HPV. Furthermore, no significant score differences were observed between students regarding their gender and marital status. Conclusion: Regarding the low scores of final-year medical students’ knowledge of HPV, educational programs should be directed to HPV to improve medical students’ knowledge about this virus and its related diseases.

HPV Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Screening: Assessing Awareness, Attitudes, and Adherence in Detained Women.

Background: This study assessed awareness, attitudes, and uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening in detained women. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2022 in four women prisons in Italy. Results: 41.1% of participants recognized HPV infection as an sexually transmitted diseases (STD), 36.4% identified cervical, and 16.8% oral cancer as an HPV-associated disease. Overall, 70% had never heard of HPV vaccination, and 45.8% believed it is effective to prevent cervical cancer. Among the age-eligible women for HPV vaccination, none reported to have undergone it, nor had talked about it with a physician in the previous year. Only 13.5% declared to have ever undergone cervical cancer screening, and adherence was significantly higher in those who were involved in a working activity in prison, who were aware that HPV infection is an STD and that can cause cervical and oral cancer, and who were older at their first sexual intercourse. Conclusion: These findings documented an extremely low awareness of HPV infection and an unsatisfactory adherence to prevention through HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. There is a need for evidence-based interventions for incarcerated women to promote participation in HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening programs as routine activities.

Impact of web-based health education on HPV vaccination uptake among college girl students in Western and Northern China: a follow-up study

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of a web-based educational intervention on changing female college students’ willingness and uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, and factors associated with HPV vaccination acceptance in Western and Northern China.MethodsA web-based cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in Western and Northern China from February to May 2020. A total of 967 female freshmen were recruited from two universities through convenience sampling, stratified sampling (liberal arts or sciences), and cluster sampling. Eligible students were randomized into intervention and control group with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The intervention group received seven days of web-based health education regarding HPV and HPV vaccines, whereas the control group received non-HPV-related materials. All students were asked to complete a post-intervention questionnaire to measure their awareness, uptake, and willingness to receive HPV vaccination at 7-day and one-month intervals. The chi-square test and Student’s t-test were employed to examine the differences between the intervention and control groups for categorical and continuous data. Logistic regressions were used to analyze factors associated with vaccination intentions.ResultsNine hundred forty-six female freshmen aged 18.99 ± 0.63 years were enrolled in the study, with 532 in the intervention group and 414 in the control group. Prior to the intervention, 63.8%, 66.3%, and 60.8% of students had heard of HPV, HPV-related diseases, and HPV vaccines, respectively. Only 2.2% of students reported being vaccinated, but 33.0% were willing to be vaccinated against HPV. After seven days of education, students in the intervention group exhibited higher awareness (p < 0.001) and knowledge scores (5.13 ± 1.23 vs. 3.10 ± 1.99, p < 0.001) than those in the control group. Similarly, in the intervention groups, willingness to be vaccinated against HPV was significantly higher than in the control groups (p < 0.001). The high cost (57.7%) and concerns about adverse events (56.0%) were the main reasons female college students did not accept HPV vaccines. School location in urban areas, parents’ higher education backgrounds, history of HPV vaccination counseling, history of sexual behavior, and having heard of HPV vaccines were associated with a higher willingness to be vaccinated.ConclusionFemale college students’ HPV vaccination uptake is insufficient, and they have minimal detailed knowledge about HPV and its vaccines. Web-based health education on HPV vaccines is an easy, feasible, and effective way to improve the awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination among female college students, but it has limited effect on HPV vaccination uptake.

Human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in South Korea

Background: This study aimed to assess the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake rate in South Korean women and to identify factors affecting vaccination rate before initiation of the national HPV vaccination as a National Immunization Program (NIP) in Korea. Materials and methods: We conducted online survey in February 2016 with questions to 2000 women aged between 9 and 59 years in South Korea by distribution of age and region, to assess HPV uptake and associated correlates such as age, residential region, education, and socioeconomic status. Results: The overall HPV vaccine received at least 1 dose rate was 23.1%, and the highest rate of vaccination was observed in women aged 20–29 years (38.6%), followed by those aged 30–39 years (36.9%), 9–19 years (16.9%), 40–49 years (14.2%), and 50–59 years (12.5%). Factors affecting HPV vaccination included metropolitan cities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–1.80), university graduate (OR = 1.45, 95% CI, 1.06–2.00), regular influenza vaccination (OR = 2.11, 95% CI, 1.64–2.70), visited clinic within the last 6 months (OR = 1.73, 95% CI, 1.20–2.51) and high family income (OR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.01–2.37). Conclusion: HPV vaccine uptake is low in South Korean women. Correct publicity, education and economic support programs for HPV vaccine could play an important role in increasing HPV vaccine uptake in South Korea.

Awareness and Support of Clinician- and Patient-Collected Human Papillomavirus Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening Among Primary Care Clinicians.

Background: Cervical cancer screening has shifted toward human papillomavirus (HPV)-based testing, but uptake of primary HPV screening in the United States is unknown and previous studies highlight delays in clinician adoption of guideline updates.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional electronic survey of primary care clinicians (n = 252; response rate = 30.9%) assessing awareness and support of primary HPV screening. We assessed factors for association with past use of HPV testing and support of clinician- and patient-collected HPV testing individually using Fisher's exact test and jointly using Firth's logistic regression.Results: Most clinicians (79%) were familiar with one or more primary HPV screening guidelines. Support for clinician-collected (89%) and patient-collected (82%) HPV testing was high, but only 34.5% reported prior use. Guideline familiarity was positively associated with HPV testing in practice (p = 0.0001). Support of clinician-collected testing was positively associated with more years in practice (p = 0.03), internal (vs. family) medicine specialty (p = 0.03), and guideline familiarity (p ≤ 0.0001). Male clinicians more frequently supported patient collection for patients overdue for screening (p = 0.013). Physicians more frequently than advanced practice providers (APPs) supported patient collection for screening-adherent women (p = 0.021). Multivariable analysis showed those unfamiliar with guidelines were less likely to have used HPV testing [odds ratio, OR: 0.10 (0.03–0.32)] or to support clinician-collected HPV testing [OR: 0.16 (0.07–0.37)]. APPs were less likely than physicians to support patient-collected HPV testing among screening-adherent women [OR: 0.42 (0.20–0.87)].Conclusions: We observed high levels of guideline awareness and clinician support for primary HPV testing, despite relatively low use. This merits further exploration to inform future interventions to increase uptake.

Predictors, barriers and motivating factors for human papillomavirus vaccination and testing as preventive measures for cervical cancer: A study of urban women in Lagos, Nigeria

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and HPV based cervical screening are scientifically proven ways to prevent and eliminate cervical cancer (CC). Unfortunately, these measures are yet to be widely accepted or utilized. Our study aimed to explore the individual-related factors that predict HPV vaccination and testing, its motivating factors and barriers among urban women in Lagos, Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 208 consenting women who attended a community health awareness program in Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria, in September 2019. Structured questionnaires were interviewer administered and analysis was done using SPSS version 23. The uptake of HPV vaccination and testing was 29.0% and 3.0% respectively. Being employed [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 60.45, CI = 10.64–343.46, P < 0.001] and unmarried (AOR = 33.33, CI = 12.5–100.0, P < 0.001) predicted HPV vaccination uptake while being unmarried was the only predictor of uptake of HPV testing [crude odds ratio (COR) = 7.69, CI = 1.01–100.00, P = 0.039]. Knowing someone with CC (AOR = 21.64, CI = 4.87–96.16, P < 0.001) and being unmarried (AOR = 5.56, CI = 1.45–20.00, P = 0.012) predicted increased willingness to be vaccinated. Being unmarried (AOR = 5.26, CI = 1.89–14.29, P = 0.002) and knowing someone with CC (AOR = 6.41, CI = 2.68–15.33, P < 0.001) predicted willingness to do HPV testing. Recommendation by healthcare provider (HCP), friends/relatives and media were major motivators for HPV vaccination & testing while fear, cost, no recommendation by HCP, inaccessibility & lack of awareness were major barriers. There is need to urgently address these identified factors that affect HPV vaccination and testing in order to improve its acceptability and uptake rate in our environment.