UPSUS Program Research Articles

Rice Balance Simulation in Order To Support Sustainable Rice Self-Sufficiency Program in North Sumatera

The UPSUS program for food self-sufficiency launched by the government has succeeded in increasing national rice production, including in North Sumatera, by increasing the additional embedded area (LTT). However, the aspect of rice supply and distribution is still a problem, so rice imports are still carried out. This study aims to determine the rice balance by comparing the value of rice production to consumption every month throughout the year. The method used is a dynamic system approach using secondary data to build a simulation model. The simulation results show that, in general, the demand for rice has been fulfilled, although in certain months there is a deficit because the planting area in that month is not as large as in other months. Likewise, for some rice production centers, there are regions that experience rice deficits throughout the year. Therefore, efforts to improve supply chain management are an alternative solution to supporting sustainable rice self-sufficiency in North Sumatera. Keywords: simulation, balance, rice, self-sufficiency, sustainability

Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Partisipasi Petani Pada Program Upaya Khusus Jagung di Kabupaten Pandeglang

The Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) is a government program to achieve sustainable food self-sufficiency, one of which is the commodity of corn. The success of the UPSUS program is inseparable from the participation of farmers. Some factors affect the level of farmer participation. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence farmers' participation in the UPSUS program. The study was carried out from August to October 2019 in Pandeglang Regency. The research involved 94 respondents who were joined in the UPSUS Program on maize commodity. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis. The results showed that the ability of farmers and the opportunity factor had a positive and significant effect on the level of farmer participation. This implies that the higher farmers’ ability and the number of opportunities obtained by farmers increase the level of farmer participation in the UPSUS corn program. Farmer characteristics have a positive impact but do not possess a significant effect on the level of farmer participation.

FARMERS' PERSPECTIVES ON THE ROLE OF SPECIAL EFFORT PROGRAM EXTENDERS (UPSUS) IN NORTH TIMOR DISTRICT

One of the districts participating in the Special Efforts (Upsus) program for Rice, Corn and Soybeans (Pajale) in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is North Central Timor (TTU) district, especially in Insana sub-district. In order to realize the optimal management of the implementation of the Upsus program, it is necessary for the participation of extension workers in facilitating farmers to increase their knowledge, attitudes and skills in terms of farmer capacity. This study aims to explore the farmer's perspective on the role of extension workers as educators, facilitators, consultants, dynamists, motivators, organizers, and evaluators as well as the factors that influence the implementation of the role of extension workers in facilitating the management of the Upsus Program implementation in TTU District. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively, namely the data obtained were tabulated and then processed with qualitative analysis, namely the technique of examining data derived from the views that were in the minds of the people (informants) which included three streams of activities simultaneously, namely data reduction (data reduction), data presentation (data reduction), and data presentation (data reduction). display), and drawing conclusions (conclusion drawing/verivication), which is supported by the Nvivo 12 analysis tool. The research location was chosen purposively (deliberately) that was determined by researchers in Insana District because it has a Farmer Group that has been carrying out Upsus activities for corn plants since 2015. The results showed that the farmers' perspective on the role of extension workers focused on technical assistance in corn cultivation and growing farmer groups as educators, facilitators, consultants, and dynamists in the medium category, while motivators, organizers, and as evaluators were in the low category. The factors identified that influence the activity of the role of the extension worker in TTU District are: the competence of the extension worker to carry out the duties and functions of the extension, the motivation of the extension worker and the orientation of the extension institution.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PESERTA UPSUS PAJALE DI KECAMATAN GADINGREJO KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU

The objectives of the research were to analyze the participation of farmers in the Upsus Program, to analyze the factors that affect rice production, and to analyze the income level of lowland rice farming in Gadingrejo Sub District, Pringsewu District. The research was conducted in March-April 2019. The analysis of farmerparticipation in the Upsus Pajale program using scoring technique which were processed into interval data with Methode of Succesive Interval. Factors that affecting rice production were analyzed using the Cobb Doughlass production function, and analysis of farm income using a comparison between total revenues and total costs, called Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C). The results of this study were farmers' participation in the Upsus Pajale program was in the middle class, the factors that affect the rice production of lowland rice farming, namely land area, amount of phonska fertilizer, pesticide and farmer participation. Income from cash costs obtained by farmers amounted to Rp18,116,478.41 with R/C of 6,23/0,73 ha/planting season and income to total costs amounted to Rp16,184,879.44 with an R/C of 4,00/0,73 ha/planting season.Keywords: factors, income, production, rice paddy

PENGARUH PROGRAM UPAYA KHUSUS TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS, BIAYA POKOK PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KEDELAI DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Upsus program on those three variables. The sample of this study were chosen by the simple random sampling method. The total respondents were 66 farmers of soybean from two districts in three villages for each district. They were interviewed for their farm budget in dry season2014 for non-upsus and dry season 2018 for Upsus. Therefore, the total observations were 132. There are three dependent variables, i.e. yield, production standard cost (HPP), and profit. The independent variables were Upsus and location as a control variable. Data were analyzed by the multiple linear regression model. The results of this study revealed that the Upsus program had statiscally significant (α= 1%) impact on increasing the yield, decreasing the production standard cost, and increasing the profit of the soybean farming. Its yield increased 16%, i.e. from 1.35 ton/ha to 1.57 ton/ha. Its production standard cost decreased 19%, i.e. from IDR4.690/kg to IDR3,820/kg. Its profit increased 57%, i.e. from IDR3.21 million/ha to IDR5.05 million/ha.Key words: cost, production, profit, soybean, yield

Farmer’s response on government policy in soybean UPSUS

The increase in the production of rice commodities, corn, and soy (Pajale) continues to be encouraged by the government to provide adequate needs to avoid exports. This program has been conducted intensively on the activities of the state BUDGET-year 2017. The purpose of this research is 1) to know the response of farmers to the soy UPSUS program, and 2) to know the income received by farmers in the soybean UPSUS Program. The method of research is conducted using the survey method, the form of primary data collection by providing questions to the respondent, hereinafter, to know the level of admission of soybean farming is done using R/C ratio analysis. As a result, the average age of farmers in productive age (45), all farmers have participated in formal education, and among them, there are 17 people at basic educated. Mostly there are three people as Family members. Experience farming range between 26 and 32 years, and the area of land tenure > =1.7 ha. Revenue acquisition of farmers Upsus in the 1 -time production process (on average four months) obtained a net profit of Rp 4.960.000, -with R/C Ratio acquired the value of 2.03, which means that soybean cultivation deserves to cultivated.

Breeders response to UPSUS Siwab’s efforts to increase cattle population

This study aims to determine the response of farmers to the Siwab Upsus Program in Efforts to Increase Beef Cattle Population and determine the response of farmers to counseling given. This study was carried out in Balang Tanaya Village, Polong Bangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. This study uses survey methods, and data collection conducted by filling out questionnaires, analysis tools used in the measurement of research indicators are carried out by applying a Likert Scale, by measuring the weight of the positive question score with an excellent response / very successfully given a score of 5 if the response categorized as not good/unsuccessful given a score of 1. As for the methods used in counseling, namely the method of individual approaches and group approaches. The response of breeders to the Upsus Siwab Program to increase beef cattle population in Balangtanaya Village, Polongbangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency is in a suitable category (44%) with 11 respondents, in this case, beef cattle farmers can respond to the Upsus Siwab Program and can increase beef cattle population

Farmers Response on Government Policy in Soybean UPSUS

The increase in production of rice commodities, corn, and soy (Pajale) continues to be encouraged by the Government to provide adequate needs to avoid exports. This Program has been conducted intensively on the activities of the state BUDGET-year 2017. The purpose of this research is 1) to know the response of farmers to the soy UPSUS program, and 2) to know the income received by farmers in the soybean UPSUS Program. The method of research is conducted using survey method, the form of primary data collection by providing questions to the respondent, hereinafter, to know the level of admission of soybean farming is done using R/C ratio analysis. As the results, the average age of farmers in productive age (45), all farmers have participated in formal education, and among them, there are 17 people at basic educated. Mostly there are three people as Family members. Experience farming range between 26 and 32 years, and the area of land tenure > = 1.7 ha. Revenue acquisition of farmers Upsus in the 1-time production process (on average four months) obtained a net profit of IDR 4.960.000, -with R/C Ratio acquired the value of 2.03, which means that soybean cultivation deserves to cultivate

PENGARUH PROGRAM UPAYA KHUSUS TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS, BIAYA POKOK DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

In 2014 corn production in Indonesia has not been able to meet its needs. Therefore, since 2015, the Government of Indonesia has launched a Special Effort Program (Upsus) to increase corn production through increasing its productivity and planting area. This study aims to determine the effects of Upsus program on productivity, standard costs, and income of corn farming in South Lampung Regency. The model used is multiple regression with productivity, standard cost, and income as the dependent variables, and Upsus and other control variables in the form of dummy variables as the independent variables. Data are the corn farming data in the rainy season (MH) and dry season (MK) during non-Upsus (2013/2014) and Upsus (2017/2018). The data were obtained from interviews with 32 respondents of corn farmers in Ketapang and Tanjung Bintang Districts. The results showed that the Upsus program had a statistically significant effects on increasing productivity, decreasing standard cost, and increasing corn farm income with 1% of the significance level. Its productivity increased from 4.89 tons / ha to 5.37 tons / ha or an increase of 9.81%. Its standard cost decreased from IDR1,282/kg to IDR1,016/kg or a decrease of 20.67%. Its income increased from IDR 6.11 million/ha to IDR 8.39million /ha or an increase of 37.22%.Key words: income, productivity, standard cost, Upsus

Competitiveness effect of the UPSUS Program on rice production in West Java Province, Indonesia

The sustainability of rice self-sufficiency and export are expected from the implementation of the UPSUS Program on rice and the attention to the issues affecting the rice competitiveness become very important. Using rice farm household survey data, the study employed the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and Kernel Density Estimation method of analysis. The study aimed to analyse the effects of the UPSUS Program on the global competitiveness of rice production and estimate the proportion of rice farms that produce competitively and the proportion of the total production that is produced competitively from the implementation of the UPSUS Program in West Java. Rice farming in the study sites was both financially and economically profitable before and after the implementation of the UPSUS Program and showed a slight decline in competitive and comparative advantages after the program. In 2020-2025, to increase rice competitiveness and achieving the target, the government should: (1) Maintain the area of rice planting and give more focus on higher productivity target; (2) Improve the adequacy and effectiveness of the various components of the program; and (3) Improve the provision of other services outside the program components that affect competitiveness of rice production.

Impacts of Upsus Program on the Cost Efficiency and Competitiveness of Rice Production in Indonesia

<p>Program Upsus adalah program nasional yang dirintis pada tahun 2014 dan mulai diterapkan secara besar-besaran pada tahun 2015. Dalam program ini, padi mendapatkan porsi terbesar dari anggaran pemerintah, dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi beras melalui peningkatan luas areal panen dan produktivitas. Target yang ditetapkan adalah bahwa Indonesia akan mencapai swasembada beras lagi dalam tiga tahun. Setelah itu, targetnya adalah Indonesia dapat memelihara keberlanjutan swasembada beras, mencapai surplus untuk ekspor setelah 2017, dan dalam jangka panjang Indonesia akan menjadi lumbung pangan dunia pada tahun 2045. Saat ini, program tersebut telah dilaksanakan selama lima tahun dan analisis dampak dari penerapan program Upsus terhadap sisi efisiensi biaya dan daya saing produksi beras Indonesia ini penting untuk dikaji. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membahas kerangka teoritis dan konseptual pengaruh program Upsus terhadap peningkatan efisiensi biaya dan daya saing produksi padi pada tingkat usaha tani. Alat analisis yang dapat digunakan untuk ini adalah perbandingan antara sebelum dan sesudah implementasi program Upsus yang terdiri dari regresi fungsi <em>stochastic frontier cost</em> (SFC), <em>policy analysis matrix</em> (PAM), analisis distribusi kepadatan kernel, dan model regresi berganda pengaruh peningkatan efisiensi biaya terhadap perubahan daya saing. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang dihasilkan dari pembahasan makalah ini berguna untuk lebih membantu meningkatkan strategi implementasi selanjutnya dari program Upsus pada padi.</p>

ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PROGRAM UPSUS DI KECAMATAN PEMAYUNG KABUPATEN BATANGHARI

This research is aims: 1) Knowing the general description of the UPSUS program of wet land rice farming in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency, 2) Analyzing the benefits of wet land rice farming under the UPSUS program in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency. This research was conducted in Ture Village and Lubuk Ruso Village, Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency. The number of respondents used was 55 farmers. The population in this research were all consumption farmers who carried out wet land rice farming and participated in the UPSUS program in Ture Village and Lubuk Ruso Village. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to provide an overview of the UPSUS program of wet land rice farming in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency. Quantitative analysis was used to analyze the benefits of lowland rice farming in the UPSUS program in Pemayung District, Batanghari Regency. The results of the research showed that: 1) The UPSUS program of wet land rice farming in Pemayung District has an average area of land with an average per farmer of 0,86 Ha capable of producing a production of 1,972.88 kg/ha, 2) The UPSUS program of wet land rice farming in Pemayung District gives a profit of Rp. 8,633,365.81/ha.

Effectiveness of the Management of Pajale Food Security Program (Rice, Corn, and Soybean) In West Aceh Regency

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and impact of the Pajale (Rice, Corn, and Soybean) of the UPSUS (Special Effort) Program on the production of rice, corn, and soybean in West Aceh regency. This study conducted in West Aceh Regency. The method used to collect the data is the random sampling technique. The number of samples determined using Solvin formula. However, due to the limited time, energy, and cost, the researcher only took 188 samples from the total population of 584 respondents. The analytical method used to answer the first hypothesis is using the effectiveness formula, as follows: The Effectiveness of Program = (R/T) x 100%. The analytical method used to answer the second hypothesis is using the PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) approach. This method used to determine the impact of the UPSUS Pajale Program. The matrix of PAM consists of two identities that are the profit identity and the deviation identity.Based on references from Litbang Depdagri (Research and Development Agency, Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs) year 1991, the effectiveness of the UPSUS Pajale Program in West Aceh for Rice and Soybean categorized as effective, which is within the range of ≥80 – 100. Meanwhile for the commodity of corn categorized as quite effective, which is within the range of ≥60 – 80. This shows that the UPSUS Pajale Program implemented in West Aceh can support sustainable food self-sufficiency targeted by the government for rice and soybean commodities. This can be done by increasing the harvested area and production of both commodities.The impact of the program determined using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). If the profit coefficient (PC) > 0, then the government policies can increase profits obtained by producers, and vice versa. Based on the PAM calculation result on the impact of the program, it shows that the UPSUS Pajale Program implemented in West Aceh can increase profits achieve by producers for all three commodities, rice, corn, and soybean where is the PC > 0.

Analysis of soybean farmers income that involved and not involved in The Pajale Special Efforts Program (UPSUS)

The UPSUS program (Special Efforts) is one of the efforts to support soybean self-sufficiency. Special Efforts (UPSUS) are the main program of the Ministry of Agriculture to improve the welfare of farmers. Through a special effort program (UPSUS), Pajale is expected to be able to be a learning material for farmers in increasing their farming production and productivity to increase the income and welfare of the farmer’s family. This study aims to analyze the income of soybean farmers who are not involved and who are involved in the Special Efforts (UPSUS) Pajale program. The population of the study was 150 farmers who were involved in the UPSUS Pajale Program using the purposive sampling method. The analysis used in this study was income analysis by calculating the income, costs, and receipt of soybean farmers involved and not involved in the Special Efforts (UPSUS) Pajale program. The results of the study concluded that farmers who participated in Pajale’s Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) had higher incomes than those who did not participate in the Pajale Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) in the three research sites.

Analysis of the relationship of soybean farmers response and income on The Pajale Special Efforts (UPSUS)

Soybean self-sufficiency has become the government’s primary target since 2015 along with two other food commodities, namely rice, and corn. The UPSUS program (Special Efforts) is one of the efforts to support soybean self-sufficiency. Special Efforts (UPSUS) are the main program of the Ministry of Agriculture to improve the welfare of farmers. With the UPSUS, it is expected that soybean production will increase. This study aims to determine the relationship between soybean farmers’ responses to farm income. The population of the study was farmers who were involved in the UPSUS Pajale Program as many as 150 people using the purposive sampling method. The data analysis used in this study is Chi-Square analysis. Chi-Square is a statistical test that is used to test hypotheses if the population consists of two or more classes where the data is categorical. The results of the study concluded that there was no relationship between the response to the Pajale Special Effort Program (UPSUS) and the income obtained by farmers.

Analysis of soybean farmers response on Pajale Special Efforts Implementation (UPSUS) program

Soybean self-sufficiency has been the main target of the government since 2015 along with two other food commodities, namely rice, and corn. The UPSUS Program (Special Effort) is an effort to support soy self-sufficiency. Special Efforts (UPSUS) is the Ministry of Agriculture’s leading program to improve the welfare of farmers. With the UPSUS, it is expected that soybean production will increase. This study aims to determine the response of soybean farmers to the implementation of the Pajale Special Efforts (UPSUS) program. The population of the study was 150 farmers involved in the UPSUS Pajale Program taken by purposive sampling method. Analysis of the data used to determine farmers’ responses to the Pajale Special Efforts (UPSUS) program was measured using a Likert scale and descriptive statistical analysis. The Likert scale used consists of the categories of very satisfied (5), satisfied (4), moderate (3), dissatisfied (2), very dissatisfied (1). The results of the study concluded that the response of farmers to the implementation of the Pajale Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) was included in the satisfied category (43%).

Government support for the development of the UPSUS SIWAB program in Soppeng Regency

The special effort program for pregnant catle breeders is aimed at increasing the population of cattle continuously by maximizing the potential of broodstock cattle in producing children, improving the quality / genetic of Bali cattle to realize the government’s commitment in pursuing beef self-sufficiency in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the form of Soppeng district government support for the SIWAB UPSUS Program. This research was conducted in Soppeng Regency. The study was conducted in March to April 2019 in Soppeng District, Liliriaja District. The types of data that will be used in this study are secondary and primary data. Data analysis is statistically descriptive. The results showed that the local government supported the implementation of SIWAB UPSUS but the incentives for inseminators were still low

Analysis economic efficiency use of production factors corn farming on marginal land in South Sulawesi

The UPSUS program to increase corn production in marginal land is strived to implement the recommended technology package so that it can add value to increasing corn productivity. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors of production that affect corn farming on marginal land. This research was conducted on less than optimal land in the village of North Tolo, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. Using survey and interview methods using a structured questionnaire, the selection of respondents was done by accidental sampling, the number of respondents determined using the Slovin formula as many as 92 respondents. The analysis used is the Cobb Douglas analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that the variable land area significantly influences corn production at a 95% to 99% confidence level or a significance value of 0.05. While the factors of seed production, labor, manure, and pesticides do not have a significant effect seen from the significance value greater than the level of significance tested (0.05). Economically the use of corn production inputs in marginal land is considered less efficient and the effect of production inputs on output is not elastic, this shows a lower increase in output when compared to an increase in input. use input is already in an unfavorable condition (decreasing return to scale) and marginal input productivity starts to decline.

EFFECTIVENESS OF SPECIAL EFFORTS (UPAYA KHUSUS OR UPSUS) POLICY TO INCREASE RICE PRODUCTION IN SIDOARJO

Sidoarjo Regency is a fertile agricultural area as a food granary, maintaining advanced agriculture to be food self-sufficiency. However, the area of technical rice fields and rice production in Sidoarjo Regency from 2015 to 2017 had decreased. This is a challenge for sustainability to achieve food security. Thus, the formulation of the problem in this study was regarding the factors causing the ineffectiveness of Special Efforts (in Indonesian Upaya Khusus, abbreviated as UPSUS) for increasing rice production in Sidoarjo Regency. This study is a descriptive study that employed a qualitative approach. Thus, the data were collected through in-depth interviews technique on the informants from the Sidoarjo Regency Agriculture and Food Security Office and the Head of Farmer Association who came from Tarik, Jabon, Sedati, and Waru sub-districts. The data then were analyzed using an interactive analysis of Miles and Huberman. The results of this study explain that the factors that support the implementation of UPSUS policy in Sidoarjo Regency included the availability of agricultural officers/ extension officers in the field for UPSUS assistance, the carrying capacity of government both at village and sub-district level to UPSUS program, farmer’s association that had been formed well as one of the supporting factors, technical irrigation support in Sidoarjo, and the availability of facilities and infrastructure both in the form of assistance and in the form of supply such as seeds, agricultural machine, and pest poison.

The Role of Agricultural Extension Worker and Babinsa TNI According to the Farmer's Perspective on The Implementation of Rice UPSUS Program in Gorontalo

This study aims to analyze the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker (PPL) assistance to the implementation of UPSUS programs and the success of UPSUS targets (increased production). The study was conducted at the UPSUS rice production center in Gorontalo Province, i.e; Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo Regency and North Gorontalo Regency. Sampling was done by simple random sampling method involving 162 respondent farmers during 2017. The measuring method to the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker wasdone by Work Achievement Value Standard. The influence of Babinsa-TNI and field extension workerwas analyzed using the production analysis method usingproduction function of Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier analysis. The results showed that the average Babinsa-TNI and field extension workerhad good performance in terms of high scoring value indicator. The Babinsa-TNI assistance in implementing the UPSUS program has a significant effect on increasing production and technical efficiency of rice production. The assistance of agricultural extension worker also has a positive effect on increasing production and technical efficiency of rice production.