Upload Speed Research Articles

A Wireless Ad Hoc Network Communication Platform and Data Transmission Strategies for Multi-Bus Instruments

As automatic test technology advances, the number of programmable instruments in a single test system increases. Traditional wired communication methods have a limited range and involve complex cable layouts. Single-function wireless converters provide a viable alternative, but they have limitations. These include complicated configuration, issues with multi-system collaboration, and data blocking. This paper proposes a wireless ad hoc network platform for multi-bus instruments based on a low-cost ESP-12H WiFi module. The platform supports GPIB, RS232, RS485, and CAN bus interface instrument access. It features easy configuration, ad hoc networking, and self-repairing capabilities. A relay multi-hop network with a tree topology expands capacity and coverage. Additionally, a dynamic window-receiving mode and an improved multi-priority queue ensure data transmission integrity. The experimental results show that the platform’s networking time is less than 10 s, and the coverage range reaches 50 m in complex indoor environments. It also shows good stability when running for a long time. However, due to hardware and software design limitations, the actual upload speeds fall short of the theoretical values. For example, RS232 and RS485 are about 10% slower than the theoretical values, and GPIB is about 80% slower. Further optimization is required in the future.

Revisiting 5G quality of service in Bangkok metropolitan region: BTS Skytrain station areas

This article compares two of the leading mobile network operators (MNOs) in Thailand’s telecom market in terms of the service quality of Thailand’s fifth generation (5G) networks. The following three factors: download speed, upload speed, and latency, which are frequently considered to be indicators of the quality of Internet networks, were examined. The researchers employed the test results to determine the quality of service (QoS) that was achieved by comparing newly collected data to data that had previously been examined utilizing the same format and application in the middle of May 2021. The average download speed decreased from 196.4 Mbps in 2021 to 140.4 Mbps in 2023, while the average upload speed dropped from 62.6 Mbps in 2021 to 52.0 Mbps in 2023. Furthermore, the average latency increased from 14.9 ms in 2021 to 23.3 ms in 2023. These results show a considerably enhanced service although the test region in this study only comprised BTS stations. Furthermore, this was the case even though the test area in this study only encompassed a small percentage of the total population.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of 5G Technology in Enhancing Mobile Network Performance in South Korea

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 5G technology in enhancing mobile network performance in South Korea. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: South Korea's adoption of 5G technology has significantly enhanced mobile network performance. The deployment of 5G has resulted in vastly improved download and upload speeds, reduced latency, and better network reliability compared to previous technologies. This advancement has enabled smoother and more reliable mobile internet experiences, facilitating new applications such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffusion of innovations theory, technology acceptance model (TAM) & resource-based view (RBV) theory may be used to anchor future studies on evaluating the effectiveness of 5G technology in enhancing mobile network performance in South Korea. Develop practical guidelines for telecom operators on the deployment and optimization of 5G networks. These guidelines should address best practices for infrastructure development, spectrum management, and network configuration to maximize performance. Advocate for the establishment of comprehensive regulatory frameworks that support the widespread deployment of 5G technology.

5G wavelength-division-multiplexing-based bidirectional optical wireless communication system with signal remodulation employing cascaded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers

Compared with previous generations, fifth-generation communications can provide faster download and upload speeds and support a greater number of connected devices. Integrating fifth-generation signals with optical wireless communication systems provides promising ways to afford higher transmission rates and faster wireless connectivity. Here we report a fifth-generation wavelength-division-multiplexing-based bidirectional optical wireless communication system with signal remodulation employing cascaded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers to effectively remove the downstream data for uplink transmission. It shows a fifth-generation wavelength-division-multiplexing-based bidirectional optical wireless communication system using four wavelengths for communication. The uplink performance is substantially enhanced by using two reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers to remove the downstream data. The system achieves an aggregate transmission rate of 36.4 Gbit/s for both downlink and uplink transmissions over a 100-m optical wireless link. This demonstrated fifth-generation wavelength-division-multiplexing-based bidirectional optical wireless communication system employing cascaded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers holds great potential for enhancing fifth-generation advanced communication capabilities.

Construction and Sharing Mechanism of Digital Vocal Music Teaching Resource Library

Abstract With the rapid development of information technology, the construction and sharing mechanism of the teaching resource base has become an important means of informatization of vocal music education. The article proposes the construction and sharing of a personalized teaching resource system based on a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm, constructs a personalized recommendation module through the study of collaborative filtering, and further improves the personalized recommendation algorithm. Then, it elaborates on the relevant contents of user interest modeling, records and manages the user's interest, describes the user's potential interest needs, records the user's behavior by building a model, and finally analyzes the application of the teaching resource library. When the boundary value of request concurrency does not exceed 1000, the response time of the teaching resource library page is no more than 2.5 seconds. When the teaching resource library is used to process a file of 100MB size, the upload speed of the WebSocket method is 153s faster than FancyUpload. More than 70% of the students think that the use of the teaching resource library in the vocal music class can greatly enhance the effect of vocal music learning.

User And Bandwidth Management Using Mikrotik Hotspot At State Vocational School 5 Waingapu

The use of the internet in schools is very helpful for teachers, staff and students, the internet is an important need for most adult people, they even regard the internet as a basic daily need that must be met, such as at SMK Negeri 5 Waingapu. The use of the internet in schools is very helpful for teachers, staff and students. State Vocational High School 5 Waingapu uses an internet service provider (ISP) sourced from KOMINFO Bakti as internet access with a total bandwidth of 2 Mbps with an average user of 15 clients. The distance to access the internet network on WIFi is 20 meters, but there is still no good management of network usage so that when accessing the internet, many users (clients) often experience interference. One form of utilizing wireless technology is a hotspot. The development method used in this research is to develop a hotspot network at SMK Negeri 5 Waingapu using the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) model which is used as the overall development method in developing or designing computer network systems. By implementing bandwidth management using a hotspot router proxy at SMK Negeri 5 Waingapu and testing it using a speedtest before implementation, namely a download speed of 4.55 and an upload speed of 1.09. And after the implementation of bandwidth management for teacher user hotspots, namely for download bandwidth of 0.95 Mbps and upload bandwidth of 0.21 Mbps, then for hotspot user principals download bandwidth is 0.94 Mbps and upload bandwidth is 0.94 Mbps and hotspot user download bandwidth for students is 0.73 Mbps and upload of 0.94 Mbps.

Assessing the benefits of high-speed broadband: Lessons from Australia's National Broadband Network (NBN)

This study reviews the economic benefits analysis conducted in 2014 for the National Broadband Network (NBN), one of Australia's largest ever public infrastructure projects. The review identifies that the NBN's benefits were overstated due to error by an estimated $17–20 billion in 2014 present value terms, an amount sufficient to eliminate the NBN's forecast net economic benefits. To provide an updated view on the benefits of high-speed broadband in 2022, a stated choice experiment is conducted, finding that the WTP has grown since 2014 at an annual real rate of 8.8 percent for download speeds and 11.5 percent for upload speeds. Even at these growth rates, however, the benefits of the NBN remain materially lower than forecast in 2014. Further, the analysis finds high heterogeneity in the household WTP, with smaller and lower-income households reluctant to pay a premium for speeds much faster than 50 Mbps, indicating that the adoption of the fastest available broadband speeds is likely to remain low. The study highlights the potential value of cost-benefit analyses, but also the risks, particularly where they are relied on to justify enduring extensions of government ownership and control. The paper concludes by identifying learnings for policymakers and cost-benefit analysis practitioners seeking to assess and optimize the economic value of public infrastructure investments.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN BANDWIDTH MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEER CONNECTION QUEUE PADA MIKROTIK

A hotspot consists of one or more WLAN or Wireless LAN Access Points of standard 802.11a/b/g that provide a restricted area in which users can freely join Access Points with WLAN-enabled mobile devices. With advances in technology, a router is a device that is used to perform the routing process. However, since routers are expensive, there are hardware alternatives such as Mikrotik. Mikrotik RouterOS is an operating system that can turn a computer into a router, or often called a PC Router. solutions to take advantage of bandwidth management and use Mikrotik router boards as a tool to divide bandwidth evenly. Because excessive use will cause a long load when accessing the internet or limited bandwidth. To distribute the load and manage the client connection path to a service on the server, the PCQ (Peer Connection Queue) method is used. The way to do PCQ is to upload with type pcq-dpwnload-phd, set the queue size and total queue size, and check the classification list for different addresses. In addition, to implement bandwidth management with PCQ for uploads, you must create the type pcq-upload-pd, set the queue size and total queue size, and check the classifier list for the source address. For setting upload and download targets on the proxy, you must point to the network address 192.168.100.0/24, with a maximum upload speed of 10 MBPS and 30 MBPS download. The results of this study indicate that the use of a PCQ-based proxy network can be applied properly for Pizza Hut delivery in Batam City.

PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR FIBER TO THE HOME OLEH PT IKHLAS CIPTA TEKNOLOGI DI KAWASAN DESA JATIRANGGON

In the current era of globalization, the world of technology and information, especially the computer world, is developing very rapidly. Fiber to the Home (FTTH) is one example of the results of the development of the Internet. Fiber to the Home (FTTH) is a fiber-optic-based network communication device that provides various services such as the Internet, telephone network as well as live television broadcasts to private users. Today, many people need the Internet for many activities that require an Internet connection. When we build a FTTH (Fiber to the Home) network, we must build a quality network that is not only connected to the Internet, especially now that many ISPs are building FTTH (Fiber to the Home) networks requiring innovation. In this research, we tested the quality of the Internet, by testing the Quality of Services, which took into account download speed, upload speed, latency, delay and packet loss. The results of the test show that the download speed is 66.22Mbps, upload is 73.69Mbps, ping latency is around 5-8ms, and jitter is 7.84

Quantifying the Digital Divide: Associations of Broadband Internet with Tele-mental Health Access Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine quickly expanded. Broadband speeds may impact equitable access to video-based mental health (MH) services.ObjectiveTo identify access disparities in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) MH services based on broadband speed availability.DesignInstrumental variable difference-in-differences study using administrative data to identify MH visits prior to (October 1, 2015–February 28, 2020) and after COVID-19 pandemic onset (March 1, 2020–December 31, 2021) among 1176 VHA MH clinics. The exposure is broadband download and upload speeds categorized as inadequate (download ≤25 Megabits per second - Mbps; upload ≤3 Mbps), adequate (download ≥25 Mbps and <100 Mbps; upload ≥5 Mbps and <100 Mbps), or optimal (download and upload ≥100/100 Mbps) based on data reported to the Federal Communications Commission at the census block and spatially merged to each veteran’s residential address.ParticipantsAll veterans receiving VHA MH services during study period.Main MeasuresMH visits were categorized as in-person or virtual (i.e., telephone or video). By patient, MH visits were counted quarterly by broadband category. Poisson models with Huber-White robust errors clustered at the census block estimated the association between a patient’s broadband speed category and quarterly MH visit count by visit type, adjusted for patient demographics, residential rurality, and area deprivation index.Key ResultsOver the 6-year study period, 3,659,699 unique veterans were seen. Adjusted regression analyses estimated the change after pandemic onset versus pre-pandemic in patients’ quarterly MH visit count; patients living in census blocks with optimal versus inadequate broadband increased video visit use (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.45–1.59; P < 0.001) and decreased in-person visits (IRR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.90–0.94; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study found patients with optimal versus inadequate broadband availability had more video-based and fewer in-person MH visits after pandemic onset, suggesting broadband availability is an important determinant of access-to-care during public health emergencies requiring remote care.

SOME WI-FI ACCESS POINTS IN THE CITY OF SOFIA

The purpose of this article is to present the results of a study of the number and type of Wi-Fi access points using applications for the collection, processing and analysis of data based on a sample collected in different areas and places with a significant concentration of people in a city Sofia, Bulgaria. Data on the number and type of access points were obtained by measurements taken at the respective locations. User equipment connects to different Wi-Fi access points located in different places in the city that are accessible. Data was collected for wireless access points that are fourth and fifth generation. Different generations in wireless networks have corresponding download and upload speeds and frequencies. In the article, the results are grouped and analyzed according to different characteristics.

Measuring the Digital Divide: A Neighborhood-Level Analysis of Racial Inequality in Internet Speed during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, internet access has been vital to ensuring individuals can work from home, attend online school and maintain contact with loved ones. While research has already shown that inequalities exist regarding who has access to the internet, less research has used actual internet speed test data to examine neighborhood inequalities in internet access, and even less research has explored trends related to this during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a dataset containing over 100 million internet speed tests in the United States, we analyze neighborhood-level variation in internet speed. We find that neighborhoods with higher proportions of Black residents tend to have better download speeds but worse upload speeds. Notably, upload speeds are especially important for video communication, which massively proliferated during the pandemic. Further, upload speeds in Black neighborhoods have consistently fallen relative to white neighborhoods during the pandemic. This trend has substantial implications for racial inequality in the digital age.

Quality Analysis of Service Load Balancing Using PCC, ECMP, and NTH Methods

One of the solutions to get a better quality of internet service is to utilize load balancing technology. We can use more than one different ISP (Internet Service Provider) which is then balanced with load balancing technology, where this technique is used to distribute the traffic load on two or more connection lines in a balanced way so that traffic can run optimally, maximizing throughput, minimizing response time. and avoid overload on any of the connection lines. This study aims to determine the comparison of Quality of Service load balancing with the PCC, ECMP and NTH methods on Mikrotik. The test method uses the web application www.speedtest.cbn.id, www.fast.com (1 connection), the results will show ping, download speed, upload speed, and monitoring from the Mikrotik router side. The research stages used the Network Development Life Cycle method, namely analysis, design, prototype simulation, implementation, monitoring and management. The results of the research are in the form of a performance comparison between load balancing on 2 internet lines using the PCC, ECMP and NTH methods on the proxy router. Based on the tests carried out as a whole the load balance using the ECMP method is superior and more reliable in terms of failover effects.

COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF BANDWIDTH SPEED USING MIKROTIK ROUTERBOARD 750

The purpose of this study is to analyze and optimize bandwidth management at aminet cafes which often experience bandwidth leakage problems where users can access the internet without any bandwidth restrictions. Bandwidth management in this study uses a proxy and Queue Tree with the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) system development method. The results of the study show that bandwidth management runs optimally with balanced upload and download speeds for each user because the bandwidth distribution process has been carried out. The average upload speed is 121 kbps and the download speed is 732kbps.

Perancangan Aplikasi Kompresi File Video Menggunakan Algritma SPIHT (Set Partioning In Hirarcical Tress)

Video files have a large enough capacity, and to access them takes a long time, so a data compression technique is needed. In this case the video file will be compressed using the SPIHT (Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees) algorithm, SPIHT (Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees) is a video file compression capable of achieving a high compression ratio. Problems that arise due to the large file size include the wasteful storage media used, as well as more time in terms of data exchange, data transfer over the internet is a big problem in Indonesia because of the very low download and upload speeds. To overcome this problem, data compression techniques are needed. The concept of compression was born as a real solution to problems regarding the space needed to store various digital files, including the MKV (Matroska Video) format video files. The compression technique is a technique that compresses files so that they become smaller in size while maintaining the quality of the representation of the file. Through the compression process of MKV (Matroska video) format video files using the SPIHT (Set Partioning In Hirarcical Tress) algorithm, it is hoped that in the future this compression system will have a major effect on video file storage and can increase storage and it is also hoped that this algorithm can be used for other objects to be compressed.

Research and Implementation of Credit Investigation Sharing Platform Based on Double Blockchain

As the development of the modern economy is increasingly inseparable from credit support, the traditional credit investigation mode has yet to meet this demand. Because of the difficulties in conventional credit data sharing among credit investigation agencies, poor data portability, and centralized supervision, this paper proposes a data-sharing scheme for credit investigation agencies based on a double blockchain. Given the problems such as difficult data sharing, difficult recovery of damaged data, and accessible data leakage between institutions and users with non-traditional credit investigation data other than credit, this paper proposes a data-sharing scheme for credit investigation subjects based on the digital envelope. Based on the above two solutions, this paper designs a double blockchain credit data-sharing platform based on the “public chain + alliance chain” from credit investigation agencies’ and visiting subjects’ perspectives. The sharing platform uses the alliance chain as the management chain to solve the problem of complex data sharing between credit bureaus and centralized supervision, uses the public chain as the use chain to solve the problem of complex data sharing between the access subject and the credit bureaus, uses the interplanetary file system and digital envelope and other technologies to solve the problem of difficult recovery of damaged data, data leakage, and other issues. After the upload test, the average upload speed reaches 80.6 M/s. The average download speed of the system is 88.7 M/s after the download test. The multi-thread stress test tests the linkage port on the system package, and the average response time for the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) is 0.6 ms. The system performance and security analysis show that the sharing platform can provide safe and reliable credit-sharing services for organizations and users and high working efficiency.

Association of Adequacy of Broadband Internet Service With Access to Primary Care in the Veterans Health Administration Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Although telemedicine expanded rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic and is widely available for primary care, required broadband internet speeds may limit access. To identify disparities in primary care access in the Veterans Health Administration based on the association between broadband availability and primary care visit modality. This cohort study used administrative data on veterans enrolled in Veterans Health Administration primary care to identify visits at 937 primary care clinics providing telemedicine and in-person clinical visits before the COVID-19 pandemic (October 1, 2016, to February 28, 2020) and after the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021). Federal Communications Commission-reported broadband availability was classified as inadequate (download speed, ≤25 MB/s; upload speed, ≤3 MB/s), adequate (download speed, ≥25 <100 MB/s; upload speed, ≥5 and <100 MB/s), or optimal (download and upload speeds, ≥100 MB/s) based on data reported at the census block by internet providers and was spatially merged to the latitude and longitude of each veteran's home address using US Census Bureau shapefiles. All visits were coded as in-person or virtual (ie, telephone or video) and counted for each patient, quarterly by visit modality. Poisson models with Huber-White robust errors clustered at the census block estimated the association between a patient's broadband availability category and the quarterly primary care visit count by visit type, adjusted for covariates. In primary care, 6 995 545 veterans (91.8% men; mean [SD] age, 63.9 [17.2] years; 71.9% White; and 63.0% residing in an urban area) were seen. Adjusted regression analyses estimated the change after the onset of the pandemic vs before the pandemic in patients' quarterly primary care visit count; patients living in census blocks with optimal vs inadequate broadband had increased video visit use (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.21-1.46; P < .001) and decreased in-person visits (IRR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.84-0.84; P < .001). The increase in the rate of video visits before vs after the onset of the pandemic was greatest among patients in the lowest Area Deprivation Index category (indicating least social disadvantage) with availability of optimal vs inadequate broadband (IRR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.42-2.09). This cohort study found that patients with optimal vs inadequate broadband availability had more video-based primary care visits and fewer in-person primary care visits after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that broadband availability was associated with video-based telemedicine use. Future work should assess the association of telemedicine access with clinical outcomes.

Implementasi Metode Taboo Code Untuk Kompresi File Video

Video is a technology for capturing, recording, processing, and rearranging images usually using electronic signals, or digital media. For example, a video file that is large in size causes the sending process to take longer, and uses a large amount of memory space in its storage. Problems that arise due to the large file size include the wasteful storage media used, as well as more time in terms of data exchange, data transfer via the internet is a big problem in Indonesia because download and upload speeds are very low. To overcome this problem, data compression techniques are needed. The concept of compression was born as a real solution to the problem of the amount of space needed to store various digital files, including video files. Compression technique is a technique that compresses files so that their size becomes smaller while maintaining the quality of the representation of the filet.

Mathematical Model of Short Circuit Fault Diagnosis in management and collaborative System Based On Improved SOM Neural Network

The existing mathematical model for short-circuit fault diagnosis of management and collaborative system has the problem that the session characteristics of communication link are not clear, resulting in the slow upload speed of fault data. In order to solve this problem, a short-circuit fault diagnosis mathematical model of communication system based on improved SOM neural network and the innovative strategies also management and collaborative system is describe in this paper. Firstly, the early warning information of the system is collected, combined with the repeated information, the session characteristics of the communication link are extracted by using the quasi Newton algorithm, the mutually orthogonal physical resource blocks are transformed, the short-circuit fault diagnosis mode is optimized, the parameters of the components to be detected are estimated, the feature space vector is truncated, and the mathematical model is established by using the improved SOM neural network. Experimental results: the average value of the management and collaborative system short-circuit fault diagnosis mathematical model designed in this paper is 8.244 Mbps, and the average values of the other two management and collaborative system short-circuit fault diagnosis mathematical models are 5.756 Mbps and 5.863 Mbps respectively. The results show that the designed mathematical model for short circuit fault diagnosis of management and collaborative system has high application value.

Impact of broadband penetration on U.S. Farm productivity: A panel approach

This paper uses data on broadband connections and the production and sales of agricultural products to empirically estimate the impact of improved connectivity on U.S. farming outcomes. The Federal Communications Commission has detailed data on broadband subscriptions from its semi-annual Form 477 collection. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) releases a complete census of agriculture every five years to measure agricultural activity. By pairing periodic releases of the Form 477 data collection with information on farm production expenses and crop yields from corresponding releases of the Census of Agriculture, the analysis directly evaluates the benefit of rural broadband development on the U.S. farming industry. Overall, I find evidence of crop yield improvements from increased Internet penetration rates at thresholds of 25 Megabits-per-second download and 3 Megabits-per-second upload speeds. Among the findings, doubling the number of 25+/3+ connections per 1000 households is associated with a 3.79% increase in corn yields, as measured in bushels per acre. I also find some evidence of cost savings at thresholds of 10 Megabits-per-second download and 0.768 Megabits-per-second upload speeds. Doubling the number of 10+/0.768+ connections per 1000 households is associated with a 2.41% decrease in operating expenses per farm operation. The paper also provides an introductory look at changes in the composition and speed thresholds of connectivity available for selected field crops over time.