Unwanted Events Research Articles

The Correlation Between Adherence to Personal Protective Equipment and Incidents Involving Construction Workers at the Bali Hospital Project

Work accidents are unwanted events that harm people, cause damage to property, and work processes. In the construction sector, the work accident rate in Indonesia reaches 32%. This research aims to determine the relationship between compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with the incidence of work accidents in construction sector workers at Bali International Hospital Sanur managed by PT PP (Persero) Tbk. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The research population was all construction workers in the Bali International Hospital Sanur project as many as 286 people, with random sampling techniques. The instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire, and data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Chi-square test. The results showed a relationship between the use of safety helmets and the incidence of occupational accidents in construction workers at Bali International Hospital Sanur by PT PP (Persero) Tbk (p = 0.11). The implication of this research is the importance of compliance with the use of PPE in preventing work accidents in the construction sector.

Partial equivalent sound pressure level as an approach to manage irrelevant sounds in environmental noise measurements

Residual sound and unwanted events are known factors affecting the accuracy of environmental noise measurements. ISO 1996-2 provides methods to manage these irrelevant sounds, for example by applying correction factors, but the methods require a degree of knowledge of the irrelevant sounds that is not always practical or possible to obtain when performing long-term measurements with unattended monitoring stations in complex urban soundscapes. While automatic detection of irrelevant sounds provides the required information, it also allows for new approaches not described in ISO 1996-2. In this paper, we discuss a metric called partial equivalent sound pressure level (Partial Leq), calculated after data samples with residual sound and unwanted events are identified automatically and replaced by project-specific values. Our hypothesis is that better estimates of equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) can be achieved with this metric, compared with the general methods given in ISO 1996-2. Comparisons of results are presented, together with a discussion of applicability of the Partial Leq metric and experiences gathered from its use.

Aircraft automatic detection on Station7hz interface using signal processing and artificial intelligence - ACOUDET - First method

The global project is to design a automatic noise event detection and classification system in real time using signal processing and artificial intelligence (AI). The first phase focuses on transport noise (aircrafts, trains, road vehicles, etc.). Secondly, the plan is to extend detection to construction site noise and any natural or life sources. This paper presents the first method developed to detect audible aircrafts pass-by. It focused on the development of a prototype detection algorithm, its results in situ conditions, and insights on future developments to create a robust aircraft and train noise detection system. The data collection method, aircraft audio signal particularities and a first detection method are described. The robustness of the detections is evaluated and limitation induced by real time detection are discussed. Thanks to the proprietary monitoring system Station-7hz. it has been possible to detect aircrafts in different types of sound environments in a straightforward manner, showing better results at night due to a quieter environment. Future developments based on a hybrid algorithm include AI models for audibility assessment and unwanted event filtering during aircraft pass-by. Aircraft's presence is detected via radar data and the detection of maximum acoustic levels correlated with aircraft parameters.

Dynamic localization of unwanted events with machine learning-based method

In environmental acoustics measurements it is necessary to separate the contribution of the investigated source from the residual noise, by means of ambient noise measurements. Source separation is a complex task, especially for wind turbine noise, where long-term measurement campaigns are required. Although data analysis procedures that provide for this task are already in use, all of them require a preliminary step for anomalous events removal, i.e. events which are not characteristic of standard residual noise. This step can be complex and very time-expensive depending on the duration of the measurements and the measurement site. Depending on the specific site and source under evaluation, the variety of sounds that can be considered as unwanted for compliance with environmental acoustic regulations is heterogeneous, ranging from road vehicles, trains and planes to human and animal sounds and more. Nowadays, it is possible to extrapolate from an audio source the features that describe its semantics using machine learning. The approach presented in this paper aims to localize in time a specific event within a measurement containing several acoustic events, in order to label it and then proceed to remove the spurious events from the measurement.

A millifluidic bioreactor allows the long term culture of primary lymphocytes or CD34+ hematopoietic cells while allowing the detection of tumorigenic expansion.

Long-term culture of primary lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is pivotal to their expansion and study. Furthermore, genetic engineering of the above-mentioned primary human cells has several safety needs, including the requirement of efficient in vitro assays for unwanted tumorigenic events. In this work, we tested and optimized the Miniaturized Optically Accessible Bioreactor (MOAB) platform. The MOAB consists of a millifluidic cell culture device with three optically-accessible culture chambers. Inside the MOAB, we inserted a silk-based framework that resembles some properties of the bone marrow environment and cultivated in this device either CD4+ T lymphocytes isolated from healthy donor buffy coat or cord blood-derived hematopoietic CD34+ cells. A fraction of these cells is viable for up to 3months. Next, we tested the capability of the MOAB to detect tumorigenic events. Serial dilutions of engineered fluorescent tumor cells were mixed with either CD4+ or CD34+ primary cells, and their growth was followed. By this approach, we successfully detected as little as 100 tumorigenic cells mixed with 100,000 primary cells. We found that non-tumorigenic primary cells colonized the silk environment, whereas tumor cells, after an adaptation phase, expanded and entered the circulation. We conclude that the millifluidic platform allows the detection of rare tumorigenic events in the long-term culture of human cells.

ANALISIS PARTISIPASI PROGRAM ASURANSI NELAYAN MANDIRI TERPERCAYA DI KOTA SIBOLGA

The purpose of this research is to analyse the participation of the trusted independent fishermen insurance program in sibolga city. Descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection methods are observation, interview and documentation. Information in this research totalled 5 people from small fishermen and traditional fishermen and the main informant in this research was the sibolga city marine and fisheries office. The number of fishermen who participated in the independent fisherman insurance programme in sibolga city amounted to 800% of fishermen or 69% of this programme recorded since 2012 and this is the first life insurance provided to fishermen. While the number of fishermen who do not participate in the independent fishermen insurance programme is 359 fishermen or 31%. The reason for fishermen who do not participate in the independent fishermen's insurance programme is because fishermen think that there are many cases of fraudulent insurance and fishermen are wary of the programme, then low public knowledge of the independent fishermen's insurance programme, besides that they also think that by following the insurance, they pray for us to be harmed in business. Whereas this government programme is very helpful to the community in the event of accidents and unwanted events when sailing for fishing.

Effect of Feedback Provision on Improving Patient Safety Indices Based on Hospital Accreditation Model: A Study in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd

Background: Accreditation means systematic evaluation of health service centers with specific standards. One of the most important goals of the accreditation process is to improve patient safety. Patient safety visits are one of the most important standards for improving safety. One of the ways to increase the effectiveness of visits is holding feedback sessions. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the effect of feedback provision on improving patient safety indices based on the hospital accreditation model in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd. Methods: The present study is a semi-experimental study with a before-and-after design that was conducted in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd, from September to December 2021 and January to August 2022. After each visit, formal feedback sessions were held with the attendance of patient safety team members and officials of the visited wards/units. Evaluation indicators included patient safety indicators in accreditation standards, such as error reporting, rate of unwanted events, and patient safety culture score. These were measured before and after feedback. The tools used were the patient safety standards evaluation checklist based on the accreditation model, the patient safety culture questionnaire, and other indicators extracted using documentation. The Patient Safety Culture Evaluation Questionnaire was completed by 360 nurses working in the hospital in the form of a census. Analysis was done using descriptive statistical tests and paired t-tests with STATA 14.2 software. Results: Based on the results of the study, safety feedback was provided to increase patient safety indicators in different departments and units of hospitals [t = - 4.8652, w/df = 10, P = 0.0007, (P = 0.05)]. A significant difference was observed in the amount of error reporting (P = 0.031) and patient safety (P < 0.001) before and after the intervention. The degree of compliance with the dimensions of the patient safety culture had a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Providing a safety feedback program had a significant positive effect on the consumption and consequences of the patient’s safety culture. Therefore, conducting regular safety visits and setting up a direct feedback program to each department/unit after the visit, and the follow-up of corrective measures, will lead to an increase in patient safety standards.

Process deviations, early sensemaking, and enabling operators: Thinking beyond the traditional alarm-based practice to enhance industrial resilience

In the dynamic landscape of modern industrial systems, there is an emerging important need for new thinking and practice to facilitate risk-informed decision-making, especially in high-risk industrial sectors. Such novel solutions should enable operators to proactively counteract and prevent unwanted events and incidents. Efforts to harness and convert relevant data to meaningful information with unique meanings, in fact represents new opportunities to create relevant knowledge of the actual context. This paper examines this through early sensemaking of process deviations, facilitating a seamless integration of information towards context-sensitive decision-making processes. Two industrial approaches are discussed in the paper: a conventional alarm-based practice, as well as an enhanced approach. The research underscores the application of such techniques through two industrial cases, aiming at fostering enhanced resilience, reliability, and safety within high-risk industrial settings.

A crucial step towards a safer healthcare system: Embracing the WHO surgery checklist in Pakistan.

Mistakes happen. We all make mistakes that makes us human. But when a surgeon makes mistake, it costs lives. Being surgeon, a little negligence might make catastrophic incidents happen. An unintentionally retained needle in the abdominal cavity or surgery of a normal limb instead of faulty gall bladder can have serious consequences not only for the patient and the patient-physician relation but also for the healthcare system. Such negligence events have become common in Pakistan. In Faisalabad, it was reported that a patient with gall stones was mixed up with a patient of limb surgery having the same name that led to inappropriate surgical procedures performed on both.[1] In Abbottabad, an incident was reported where the patient had to undergo an arm surgery but an eye surgery was performed in a private hospital. [2] Everyone blamed the surgeon and the health care system but no one dared to dig into the cause. Why are such childish mistakes happening? And if happened once how is this being repeated? How could a surgeon, a practically learned man make such non-sense? The answer to all these questions lies in the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. “Safe Surgery Save Lives” was initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2007 in order to alleviate the number of such unwanted events encountered in the surgical procedures. For the purpose of improving patient safety with least of the resource utilization, WHO came on board with safety checklist in 2008.[3] The WHO 19-item checklist is based on advocating safety checks and a good communication among surgery team members during perioperative periods. It also contains a time-out procedure. In Pakistan, in spite of the great effectiveness, the time-out is either not practiced or is done by some junior, and not by the operating surgeon at the preoperative time. A time-out is a short interval before incision during which it is confirmed that the patient on the surgery bed is the correct one, the procedure to be performed on it is exact and at the required part of body either marked or unmarked.[4] The surgeon should be present at the time-out and all members should guarantee the correct patient, procedure and site. Patient participation in the time-out process is also advised. Majority of the patients show great compliance and satisfaction for participating in the time-out procedure. ---Continue

Attitudes and Barriers of Emergency Nurses and Physicians Toward Family Presence During Resuscitation in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

IntroductionImplementing family presence during resuscitation poses many challenges in developing countries, especially in developing countries like Iran, where cultural and contextual factors play significant roles. This study examined the attitudes and barriers of Muslim emergency nurses and physicians toward family presence during resuscitation in Iran. MethodsA cross-sectional study included 300 physicians and 500 nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics. ResultsThe overall score of physicians’ attitudes toward family presence during resuscitation was higher than nurses’ (P = .001). Female nurses had a higher attitude score than male nurses (P = .001). Other demographic variables were not significant with nurses’ attitudes toward family presence during resuscitation. The most significant barriers to family presence during resuscitation included increased stress on staff and unwanted events during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The attitude of Iranian physicians and nurses toward family presence during resuscitation is becoming more positive, with more than half of them agreeing with both the concept and the practice. DiscussionThe findings suggest that hospitals should develop and adopt policies to ensure consistent performance when implementing family presence during resuscitation and that the procedure is safe and effective.

The aftermath of fatal violence incidents: Why organisational measures were successful and why they their effects diminished

In 2013, an employee at a human service office in Norway was killed by a service recipient. Fast forward to 2021, another murder took place.As is often the case after recurring unwanted events, questions arose in the public debate regarding the human service organisation’s measures to counteract violence and why it could still occur, even after thorough evaluation and efforts made to improve working conditions. This article addresses these questions by delving into safety measures and efforts within the organisation and adopting an organisational perspective on the complexities of maintaining a robust violence prevention framework over time. 82 qualitative interviews were conducted with 101 managers and employees from different organisational levels and locations nationwide, in addition to a few with employees from partner organisations. A perceived effect of implemented measures and fewer violence incidents indicate a successful initiative. Nevertheless, the focus on violence prevention diminished gradually and safety issues were not addressed in new plans for organising and developing the organisation and its services. The work against violence was also characterised by fragmentation. This decline is attributed to shifting priorities caused by both internal and external conditions. The study illustrates the importance of studying safety improvements over a time span long enough to consider whether short-term effects are lasting when faced with shifting priorities originating from institutional conditions and focusing events influencing public debate and political legitimacy.

Explainable ensemble learning framework for estimating corrosion rate in suspension bridge main cables

Ensuring the safe operation of suspension bridges is paramount to prevent unwanted events that can cause failures. Therefore, it is crucial to continuously monitor their operational status to uphold safety and reliability levels. However, natural deterioration caused by the surrounding environment, primarily due to corrosion, inevitably impacts these structures over time, particularly the main cables made of steel. In this study, a robust framework is proposed to predict the annual corrosion rate in main cables of suspension bridges, while investigating the impact of the surrounding environmental factors on this process. To do so, the implementation of four regression models and four machine learning techniques are used in the first phase for modeling the annual corrosion rate based on a comprehensive database containing various environmental factors. The modeling performance is evaluated through a range of statistical and graphical metrics. After that, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) is utilized to explain the model and to extract the impact of each variable on the final modeling results. Overall, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for addressing this issue. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) emerged as the top-performing model, achieving an overall R2 of 0.982. Moreover, the SHAP findings highlight the impact of CL− on the annual corrosion rate as the factor with the highest influence during the modeling process. The high performance of the proposed model suggests its potential utility in further research concerning the reliability of suspension bridge main cables.

Analisis Tekhnik Dasar Renang pada Peserta Didik Mauza Swimming Club

There are many children, especially those in elementary school, who like to exercise. However, when they observed the air in the pool, some were shy and some were increasingly reluctant to hurt themselves. According to this, parents—especially teachers and students—need to be careful. Swimming by body is one of the methods used to prevent babies from being left behind in their drowning houses. The shape helps the growth and development of the body, relationships with others, increases self-confidence, and can be used as a fun activity because cold stimuli can refresh the body. The sport of swimming has many benefits and advantages. Many students in elementary school enjoy playing outside and are unaware of the basics of swimming, which can lead to problems such as falls and stumbling in class. The actions of the elderly are very important to prevent unwanted events.

Reliability in mass alert system for dam emergencies: Case study of Vale S/A

AbstractIn its iron ore operations, Vale, the largest mining company in Brazil and the fourth largest mining company in the world by market value, has 77 dams considered with high potential damage in case of a failure in the stability controls. This classification follows the criteria of the sector regulatory agency in Brazil and determines that, for this class, a mass alert system is necessary for the resident population and workers immediately downstream of the dam within a region preset by legislation, considering a simulated flood area. For Vale, the mass alert system for dam emergencies is part of a critical mitigating control for a business risk analysis considering the hypothetical dam break as an unwanted material event. Therefore, both the probability of failure on demand, spurious failure, and availability of the assets of this protection barrier are important elements for this purpose, as well as the emergency response plan and the evacuation simulation of flood areas, which are part of a risk management system that require continuous verification and continuous improvement. Currently, Vale has 375 sirens, and it is planned to reach 420 sirens by the end of 2024. The purpose of this article is to present how the safety concepts applied to these systems were developed, the good practices applied from this study, and the lessons learned from the dam emergency management arising from the break of the Brumadinho dam in 2019. The reliability analyses of the systems involved and the main contributors to the Safety Critical Unavailability are presented, as well as the results of the reduction in the maintenance time and increase in system availability.

Estimating the Human Error Probability during Lifeboat Drills

Lifeboats are life-saving equipment used when it is necessary to abandon a ship or, in some ships, for man-overboard situations (to collect persons from water). Every seafarer onboard a ship has a task related to lifeboat operation in an emergency. In order to master and practise the assigned tasks, be ready to react at any moment, and efficiently use life-saving equipment and appliances, seafarers on ships perform drills at prescribed intervals. Effective drill performance is of paramount importance, as it improves safety and enables crew members to practise lifeboat operations. However, although their primary role is life-saving, lifeboat drills have resulted in numerous accidents, causing injuries and fatalities, besides equipment damage. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent such unwanted events and discover their root causes. As the human factor is considered a significant cause of marine accidents, this paper aims to quantify human error probability (HEP) during lifeboat drills. In addition, because lifeboat drill accident data are scarce, this study adopted the Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) for human reliability analysis (HRA). Based on expert judgments, the tasks with the highest probability of human error and factors significantly influencing human performance during lifeboat drills are identified. According to the study results, the recovery of the lifeboat is the most hazardous phase with the highest HEP. In addition, the BN-SLIM is adopted to estimate the probability of human error during the recovery of the lifeboat. The task with the largest HEP is confirming the release lever is properly rested and hooks locked (HEP = 4.5%). Furthermore, the design and condition of equipment and Crew Competence are identified as the most important Performance-Shaping Factors (PSFs) that affect crew members’ performance. The BN-SLIM model was verified utilising a sensitivity analysis and validated by analysing real-life lifeboat drill accidents that occurred during lifeboat recovery. The results confirmed that the model could be used to analyse lifeboat accidents and for proactive preventive measures because most influencing factors are recognised, and acting on them can significantly reduce the HEP of the overall task, improve lifeboat safety, and save lives at sea.

The hormonal profile in women using combined monophasic oral contraceptive pills varies across the pill cycle: a temporal analysis of serum endogenous and exogenous hormones using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy.

Oral contraceptive pills, of all types, are used by approximately 151 million women worldwide; however, a clear understanding of the concentrations of endogenous and exogenous hormones across a 28-day combination monophasic oral contraceptive pill pack is not well described. In our study of 14 female participants taking various combination monophasic oral contraceptive pills, we found significant fluctuations in endogenous and exogenous hormone levels throughout the pill cycle. Our analysis revealed significantly greater levels of ethinyl estradiol on the 20th and 21st days of active pill ingestion, compared with days 1-2 (active) and days 27-28 (inactive pill ingestion). Conversely, estradiol concentrations decreased during active pill consumption, while progestin and progesterone levels remained stable. During the 7 days of inactive pill ingestion, estradiol levels rose sharply and were significantly higher at days 27-28 compared with the mid and late active phase time points, while ethinyl estradiol declined and progestin did not change. These findings challenge the previous assumption that endogenous and exogenous hormones are stable throughout the 28-day pill cycle.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The results from this study have wide-ranging implications for research and treatment in women's health including considerations in research design and interpretation for studies including women taking oral contraceptives, the potential for more precise and personalized methods of dosing to reduce unwanted side effects and adverse events, and the potential treatment of a variety of disorders ranging from musculoskeletal to neurological with exogenous hormones.

Peningkatan Kemampuan Manajemen Risiko Pelaku UMKM Sidayu untuk Meningkatan Pengelolaan Bisnis dan Pendapatan

Business management management cannot be avoided from risks in the form of pure risks and speculative risks. Risk can be associated with the possibility of losses from unwanted adverse events or unexpected events. The problem of MSMEs, especially in Sidayu District, Gresik Regency, is that many MSME actors have not implemented risk management in their businesses. Therefore, this community service activity is carried out to provide education to Sidayu MSME actors to pay attention to the risks that exist in the process of managing their business. From the results of community service activities, they can implement risk management and improve risk management management in their businesses. With the implementation and improvement, it can be used as a means to improve business management and income.

The decision to use ShopeePay as a substitute for cash in the cashless era

The aim of this study is to evaluate the convenience, promotion, and security factors associated with the use of Shopee Pay electronic currency by visitors in malls in the Central Jakarta region. The study sample comprises persons who frequent shopping malls in the Central Jakarta Region. This survey includes a group of 103 persons who use Shopee Pay electronic money in the mall area of Centra Jakarta. The sample selection was carried out using the method of incidental sampling. The data used in this study include primary data, especially questionnaires that were distributed to respondents. The study results suggest that the convenience and promotional activities have a positive influence on the decision to use Shopee Pay digital currency. This suggests that the choice to utilise electronic currency is impacted by factors such as convenience and promotional offers. Before proceeding, consumers will evaluate whether a system would streamline their activities, considering the wide array of attractive offers offered by the shopeepay site, as well as compelling marketing about available specials on the platform. Furthermore, security concerns negatively affect the willingness to use Shopee Pay as a digital payment option. This text explores the relationship between security and the choice to use electronic money. Before choosing the Electronic Money platform, customers must ensure that the funds saved in the electronic wallet will be protected and resistant to unauthorised access, therefore reducing the likelihood of unwanted events.

Analisis Faktor Penyebab Keterlambatan Pelaksanaan Proyek Konstruksi pada CV. X Menggunakan Metode FTA

Delays that are not handled immediately can affect the quality of a company's performance. This research was conducted on a construction project undertaken by CV. X. Where 4 construction projects undertaken by CV. X as of January 2024 experienced delays in completion. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze the factors that cause delays in the project by using the FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) method which aims to find fault trees from various errors that will result in the occurrence of unwanted events. Data collection is done by survey using a questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were then analyzed using the FTA Method and then determining the combination of these factors with a minimum cut set. Based on the results of the analysis using the FTA Method, there are 6 aspects that are factors causing delays, namely aspects of labor; material / equipment aspects; project implementation management aspects; contract aspects; aspects of work documents; aspects of natural conditions and force majors. With the largest probability value, namely the contract aspect of 0.21; project implementation management aspect of 0.18; material / equipment aspect of 0.15; aspects of natural conditions and force majors of 0.12; aspects of work documents of 0.09; aspects of labor of 0.08.

ADDRESSING INTERDISCIPLINARY OF MUSIC

Didactic strategies combine all the elements of the educational process, being a way of combining and chronologically organizing the set of methods and means chosen to achieve certain didactic objectives. This way,, the didactic strategy is expressed in organic units of methods, procedures, educational means and ways of organizing/achieving the learning process, i.e. head-on, in groups and individually [Potolea, D. The teacher and the strategies of learning management. Bucharest: Academy Publishing House, 1989, p. 146]. From the given perspective, we would like to mention that the didactic strategy unifies, integrates and brings together learning tasks with learning situations, creating a complex and logical system structured by means, methods, materials and other educational resources aimed at achieving certain objectives, which constitute a extremely necessary aspect in any pedagogical action, which finds its central place in the educational process. This is due to the fact that the design and organization of a lesson takes place in close connection with the strategic decision of the teaching staff and, therefore, it is designed as a complex didactic scenario, in which the actors of the educational act - of teaching-learning are involved, the conditions in which it is carried out, the objectives and the proposed methods. This way, the strategy determines the most appropriate, logical and efficient methodical itinerary for approaching a concrete teaching-learning situation, avoiding some errors, risks and unwanted events that may appear in the activity of the teaching staff.