Unusual Methods Research Articles

When children choose fantastical events in fiction.

Although stories for children often feature supernatural and fantastical events, children themselves often prefer realistic events when choosing what should happen in a story. In two experiments, we investigated whether 3- to 5-year-olds (total N = 240 from diverse backgrounds) might be more likely to include fantastical events in stories about familiar fantasy characters. In Experiment 1, children saw stories about fantasy or real-world characters (e.g., a mermaid or an ordinary woman) and judged whether they would achieve goals using fantastic or realistic methods. Children were more likely to choose fantastic methods for the fantasy characters, and this tendency was more common in older children. In Experiment 2, children were asked yes/no questions about whether characters could use fantastic, realistic, and unusual methods to achieve goals. Children more often affirmed fantastic methods for fantasy than real-world characters. These findings contrast with previous work suggesting children avoid including fantastic events in fiction and suggest that children use precedent and familiarity to decide what can happen in a story. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Suicide using an electric drill - case report and literature review.

The use of an electric drill to commit suicide is rare in forensic practice. The aim of the work is to present the first case of this kind from the Upper Silesia. The results of post-mortem examinations and the results of prosecutor's examination of case files containing medical documentation from the patient's treatment were analyzed. People with mental disorders and diseases may choose unusual methods of taking their own lives, such as using an electric drill. This may cause investigators a lot of doubt as to whether the event was really a suicide. In addition to full post-mortem diagnostics, it is particularly important in such cases to assess the medical history of the deceased, often with the participation of a psychiatrist as a consultant.

Detecting multiple moving objects for unusual crowd activities detection in video surveillance system

Unusual crowd activity detection is a challenging problem in surveillance video applications because feature extraction is difficult process in crowded scenes. The main objective of this research work is to detect unusual crowd activities and to detect unusual splits of moving objects. Various methods have been employed to address these challenges. However, there is still a lack of appropriate handling of this problem due to frames having occlusion, noise, and congestion. This paper proposes a novel clustering approach to detect unusual crowd activities. The proposed method consists of five phases including foreground extraction, foreground enhancement, foreground estimation, clustering crowds, and the Unusual Crowd Activities (UCA) model. The UCA model can find unusual crowd activities and unusual splits of moving objects using the Laplacian Matrix formulation. Two public datasets viz. PETS 2009 and UMN dataset are used for evaluating the proposed methodology. To estimate the effectiveness of the proposed work, several unusual event detection methods are compared with the proposed work results. The experimental results revealed that the proposed method gives better results than the existing methods.

An unusual case of suicidal drowning: A case report

Drowning is a violent form of asphyxial death and the manner of death may be accidental, suicidal & homicidal. In cases of suicidal drowning medico-legal examination may be very difficult, especially regarding differentiating between suicide, accident or homicide, and natural death. It is more difficult when there is the use of complicated or unusual methods. In the present case scenario, we report the incidence of such an unusual suicidal drowning case which may raise the suspicion of foul play leading to hurdles in the forensic investigation.

Effect of different water-cement ratios on the durability of prefabricated concrete tanks exposed to acetic acid aggression

In this paper a study of the mechanisms of the destructive effect of acid on concrete tanks used on farms is presented. It analyzed the extent and type of damage that occurred and demonstrated the possibility of preliminary detection of the problem also using unusual test methods such as surface morphology tests and SEM microstructural analysis. The experiment focused on exposing 10% acetic acid to cubic samples of ordinary concrete of different W/C ratios. Samples were immersed in acetic acid for 270 days. The compressive strength and mass loss were then determined, and the surface morphology was analyzed with roughness parameters measurements. They showed that compressive strength of the samples stored in acetic acid was in the range of 38–51% decrease in comparison to the control samples. The best results were obtained for concrete samples of W/C ratio = 0.45. Concretes with a W/C ratio higher than 0.5 were less resistant to acetic acid. The results also allowed discussion of the phenomenon of destructive processes occurring in the concrete structure as a result of acetic acid, making the effects of these actions depending on its W/C. SEM microstructural analysis confirmed that the destruction mechanism is based on reactions of acetic acid with portlandite and C–S–H phase and leaching calcium ions.

Alien coding

We introduce a self-learning algorithm for synthesizing programs that provide explanations for OEIS sequences. The algorithm starts from scratch initially generating programs at random. Then it runs many iterations of a self-learning loop that interleaves (i) training neural machine translation to learn the correspondence between sequences and the programs discovered so far, and (ii) proposing many new programs for each OEIS sequence by the trained neural machine translator. The algorithm discovers on its own programs for more than 78000 OEIS sequences, sometimes developing unusual programming methods. We analyze its behavior and the invented programs in several experiments.

V. Der Dekretalenapparat Papst Innozenz’ IV. Ein bekannter Unbekannter

Abstract The Apparatus on the Decretals by pope Innocent IV: A known unknown. Other than the usual approach which focuses on the juridical content of the famous decretal commentary, the present paper highlights its structural and formal features. Peculiarities include unusual methods of argumentation, striking disproportions in the attention given to individual decretals, increasing frequency of gaps due to rudimentary treatment of certain decretals and complete omission of others, a program of textual criticism halfway abandoned, a rich tradition, where some 30 early editions, ca. 160 medieval manuscripts and a mysterious originale remain without apparent connections, a daunting jungle of so called additiones. The paper, which asks many questions leaving them without answers, should nevertheless help to understand the incomparable commentary.

Að blóta á íslensku

Swearing in Icelandic is the topic of this article. The main focus is on the grammatical aspects of swear words, i.e. their morphological and syntactic characteristics and behaviour, emphasizing how one swears rather than why. The Tagged Icelandic Corpus (MÍM), containing searchable texts from the early 21st century, is the primary source for the analysis. Even if the vocabulary of swear words is relatively small and swearing is a formulaic use of language, the results show that there can be considerable flexibility in Icelandic swearing and that there are creative means to modify and extend both the vocabulary and the syntactic constructions typical of swearing. The vocabulary extensions are partly based on word-formation (in some cases with unusual methods) and partly by borrowing, especially from English nowadays. In the syntax, certain forms of nouns used in swearing have acquired new functions, e.g. by using them adverbially, and nominal phrases can be extended by adding attributes preceeding the head-noun, adding to their diversity and effect. In such phrases, the genitive forms of swear nouns ‒ usually preceeding the head counter to genitive attributes in other nominal phrases — have been reinterpreted as adjectives allowing them to be freely coordinated in a string of attributes without conjoining them by conjunctions.

International Business Law and Regulations

This section covers foreign business corporation law and other corporate legislation. Foreign commerce may boost revenues, customer base, and product quality. Currency exchange rate fluctuations may help businesses attract more talent. International commercial law governs international interactions via conventions, treaties, national laws, and economic practices. It's also called common law. These policies allow nations to cooperate in commerce, licensing, tariffs, taxes, and other commercial areas. Foreign commerce may help a corporation increase sales, revenue, and product durability. Currency exchange rate fluctuations may help businesses attract more talent. Every Fortune 500 firm has foreign branches and global customers, thus they must comply with international rules and regulations to join international markets. Since Covid-19, globalization's importance has increased. The pandemic has made worldwide commerce more important for all enterprises. One-third of these companies want worldwide growth, and 50% of their CEOs say the epidemic has changed their view on exporting. Context: Rephrase the query and underline the investigation's importance; The second half of our review paper contains over fifty scholarly reviews on international business and trade law. These descriptions explain the rules' most unusual methods. In conclusion, the essay's main points are summarized.

Bacterial biofilm prevalence in dental unit waterlines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundsNumerous studies have shown that dental unit water lines (DUWLs) are often contaminated by a wide range of micro-organisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa) and various prevalence have been reported for it in previous studies. Therefore, this review study aims to describe the prevalence of bacterial biofilm contamination of DUWLs.MethodsThis is a systematic review and meta-analysis in which the related keywords in different international databases, including Medline (via PubMed) and Scopus were searched. The retrieved studies were screened and the required data were extracted from the included studies. Three standard methods including American Dental Association (ADA), The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and contaminated > 100 CFU/ml(C-100) standards were used to assess the bacterial biofilm contamination of DUWLs. All studies that calculated the prevalence of bacterial biofilm contamination of DUWLs, and English full-text studies were included in the meta-analysis. Studies that did not have relevant data or used unusual laboratory methods were excluded. Methodological risk of bias was assessed by a related checklist and finally, the data were pooled by fixed or random-effect models.ResultsSeven hundred and thirty-six studies were identified and screened and 26 related studies were included in the meta-analysis. The oldest included study was published in 1976 and the most recent study was published in 2020. According to the ADA, CDC and C-100 standards, the prevalence of bacterial contamination was estimated to be 85.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 66.0–94.0%), 77.0% (95%CI: 66.0–85.0%) and 69.0% (95%CI: 67.0–71.0%), respectively. The prevalence of Legionella Pneumophila and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in DUWLs was estimated to be 12.0% (95%CI: 10.0–14.0%) and 8.0% (95%CI: 2.0–24.0%), respectively.ConclusionThe results of this review study suggested a high prevalence of bacterial biofilm in DUWLs; therefore, the use of appropriate disinfecting protocol is recommended to reduce the prevalence of contamination and reduce the probable cross-infection.

Equine osteoarthritis: Strategies to enhance mesenchymal stromal cell-based acellular therapies.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that eventually leads to the complete degradation of articular cartilage. Articular cartilage has limited intrinsic capacity for self-repair and, to date, there is no curative treatment for OA. Humans and horses have a similar articular cartilage and OA etiology. Thus, in the context of a One Health approach, progress in the treatment of equine OA can help improve horse health and can also constitute preclinical studies for human medicine. Furthermore, equine OA affects horse welfare and leads to significant financial losses in the equine industry. In the last few years, the immunomodulatory and cartilage regenerative potentials of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated, but have also raised several concerns. However, most of MSC therapeutic properties are contained in their secretome, particularly in their extracellular vesicles (EVs), a promising avenue for acellular therapy. From tissue origin to in vitro culture methods, various aspects must be taken into consideration to optimize MSC secretome potential for OA treatment. Immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs can also be enhanced by recreating a pro-inflammatory environment to mimic an in vivo pathological setting, but more unusual methods also deserve to be investigated. Altogether, these strategies hold substantial potential for the development of MSC secretome-based therapies suitable for OA management. The aim of this mini review is to survey the most recent advances on MSC secretome research with regard to equine OA.

METHODS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO PRIMARY CLASSES AND METHODS OF USING NON-TRADITIONAL - UNUSUAL METHODS IN THE LESSON PROCESS.

METHODS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO PRIMARY CLASSES AND METHODS OF USING NON-TRADITIONAL - UNUSUAL METHODS IN THE LESSON PROCESS.

METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO PRIMARY CLASSES AND METHODS OF USING NON-TRADITIONAL - UNUSUAL METHODS IN THE LESSON PROCESS

METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO PRIMARY CLASSES AND METHODS OF USING NON-TRADITIONAL - UNUSUAL METHODS IN THE LESSON PROCESS

The Big Short's Incoherence, Documentary Aesthetics, and Use of Direct Address

<i>The Big Short</i>'s Incoherence, Documentary Aesthetics, and Use of Direct Address

“...Unusual Methods in Terms of Science”. Report on Peat Treatment at the Minsk Congress of Partisan Physicians (1945)

“...Unusual Methods in Terms of Science”. Report on Peat Treatment at the Minsk Congress of Partisan Physicians (1945)

The effect of fraud or deception as one of the reasons for requesting a retrial in Jordanian law: أثر وجود غش أو حيلة كسبب من أسباب طلب إعادة المحاكمة في القانون الأردني

The request for a retrial due to the presence of fraud or deception, which is presented by the opponent in whose favor the judgment was not issued in the judicial case, is one of the unusual methods of appeal that the legislator stipulated exclusively, as the reasons for the request for a retrial should contribute to changing the judge’s conviction and affect The course of the lawsuit so that if it had been presented during the consideration of the lawsuit, the case or lawsuit would have gone to another path, and decided contrary to what it ruled. Studying the reasons for retrial and studying the legal framework regulating it by studying fraud as one of the reasons for retrial and clarifying the conditions that must be met to accept the challenge to retrial in form and substance. Stopping what was dealt with in the Code of Civil Procedure, as it dealt with cases directly in the first clause of Article 213 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and then dealt with other cases that may be considered such as Fraud and trick, which is (false testimony, produced papers, false oath, and incorrect representation). The researcher hopes to amend the text of Article (213) of the Code of Civil Procedure and to limit the cases that are considered as fraud in that case.

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE ABILITIES OF PUPILS OF PRE-SCHOOL GROUPS WITH THE HELP OF ART THERAPY

Effective use of unusual methods in the activities of older children of preschool age. The importance of sand therapy in the activities of preschool adults, ways to use sand therapy in the creative activities of preschool adults and in the mental development of the child

The Role of Digital Application Literacy in Online Assessment

As educators and administrators look to countless mobile apps, software programs, and web-based learning tools to meet the demands of students in remote, virtual, and hybrid settings, risks and assumptions of online platforms and assessments must be considered. With the urgency of the COVID-response closure of many schools and the unusual methods employed during the return to school in Fall 2020, there is no better time to examine the digital application literacy which is necessary for students to effectively transition to online learning and assessment. “Digital application literacy” (DAppLit), a specific form of media literacy, involves the nimble use of an app (web-based) or application (computer-based) for education, including assessment. Learners with impaired DAppLit face academic consequences, when insufficient literacy in the platform is the culprit. This paper first explores various skills and strategies from both traditional and digital assessments that digital application literacy requires. Then, it presents the value of low-stakes assessment experiences with applications to introduce navigation techniques and troubleshoot barriers users may face before undertaking weighted assessments. The importance of skills instruction and practice of DAppLit methods is presented. A four-step process is introduced to: 1) set learning goals; 2) guide learners through the application with explicit instructions before use; 3) provide low-stakes explorations; and 4) debrief to address any issues which could represent a failing of application literacy and not content knowledge in an assessment.

Dancing in the Darkroom

Russian émigré Alexey Brodovitch, best known for leading a radical shift in magazine design in the United States during his twenty-four-year tenure (1934–58) as art director of Harper’s Bazaar, also pursued innovative practices in other fields of art, design, and education. His ballet photography, made during rehearsals and performances of touring dance companies in New York City from 1935 to 1938, explored unusual methods of capturing dancers in motion. Brodovitch’s images would eventually come to be celebrated for their unconventional approach, but at the time, Brodovitch was not sure of his direction. Recent archival discoveries suggest that Brodovitch reframed this graphic “problem” into curriculum for his classes at the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art, inspiring students to delve into a number of experimental photographic techniques and pioneering the teaching of such practices in American classrooms.

Internet Search Activity of Young People With Mood Disorders Who Are Hospitalized for Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: Qualitative Study of Google Search Activity.

BackgroundLittle is known about the internet search activity of people with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). This data source has the potential to inform both clinical and public health efforts, such as suicide risk assessment and prevention.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the internet search activity of suicidal young people to find evidence of suicidal ideation and behavioral health–related content.MethodsIndividuals aged between 15 and 30 years (N=43) with mood disorders who were hospitalized for STBs provided access to their internet search history. Searches that were conducted in the 3-month period prior to hospitalization were extracted and manually evaluated for search themes related to suicide and behavioral health.ResultsA majority (27/43, 63%) of participants conducted suicide-related searches. Participants searched for information that exactly matched their planned or chosen method of attempting suicide in 21% (9/43) of cases. Suicide-related search queries also included unusual suicide methods and references to suicide in popular culture. A majority of participants (33/43, 77%) had queries related to help-seeking themes, including how to find inpatient and outpatient behavioral health care. Queries related to mood and anxiety symptoms were found among 44% (19/43) of participants and included references to panic disorder, the inability to focus, feelings of loneliness, and despair. Queries related to substance use were found among 44% (19/43) of participants. Queries related to traumatic experiences were present among 33% (14/43) of participants. Few participants conducted searches for crisis hotlines (n=3).ConclusionsIndividuals search the internet for information related to suicide prior to hospitalization for STBs. The improved understanding of the search activity of suicidal people could inform outreach, assessment, and intervention strategies for people at risk. Access to search data may also benefit the ongoing care of suicidal patients.