University Of Missouri-Columbia Research Articles

Ten Pillars of Q-Methodological Wisdom

This article derives from the first of two “keynote” presentations by William Stephenson to the first Summer Institute for the Scientific Study of Subjectivity (effectively the first Q methodology conference, held at the School of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia in July 1985). It outlines and assesses the significance of what, late in his life, William Stephenson regarded as his most important unpublished manuscripts. It affords an important means of access to Stephenson’s subjectivity, to how he regarded the different strands of his work, and to those aspects of his work he felt were incomplete and in need of revision. It demonstrates both the extraordinarily broad range of his writings and his single-minded, life-long determination to develop a science of subjectivity.

Study protocol: Collaboration Oriented Approach to Controlling High blood pressure (COACH) in adults – a randomised controlled trial

IntroductionHypertension, the clinical condition of persistent high blood pressure (BP), is preventable yet remains a significant contributor to poor cardiovascular outcomes. Digital self-management support tools can increase patient self-care behaviours...

ECR Spotlight – Sandy Saunders

ECR Spotlight is a series of interviews with early-career authors from a selection of papers published in Journal of Experimental Biology and aims to promote not only the diversity of early-career researchers (ECRs) working in experimental biology during our centenary year but also the huge variety of animals and physiological systems that are essential for the ‘comparative’ approach. Sandy Saunders is an author on ‘ Activation of respiratory-related bursting in an isolated medullary section from adult bullfrogs’, published in JEB. Sandy is a postdoc in the lab of Joseph Santin at the University of Missouri-Columbia, USA, investigating how breathing is generated, maintained and fails throughout life.

Lessons learned through the implementation of a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship at the University of Missouri-Columbia.

Created in 1995, The University of Missouri School of Medicine's Rural Track Pipeline Program was designed to address physician shortages in rural Missouri through medical student participation in a series of clinical and non-clinical programs over the course of their medical training to influence graduates to choose rural practice. To increase the likelihood of students choosing rural practice, a 46-week longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) was implemented at one of nine existing rural training sites. Over the course of the academic year, quantitative and qualitative data was collected to evaluate effectiveness of the curriculum and for quality improvement purposes. Data collection is in progress and includes student evaluation of the clerkship, faculty evaluations of students, student evaluations of faculty, student aggregate clerkship performance, and qualitative data from student and faculty debrief sessions. Based on data collected, changes are being made to the curriculum for the following academic year to enhance the student experience. The LIC will also be offered at an additional rural training site beginning in June of 2022, and then expanded to a third site in June of 2023. As each LIC is unique, our hope is our experience and lessons learned will help others in developing a LIC or improving an existing LIC.

In Memoriam Tribute to Jeffrey Robbins, PhD (1950-2022).

In Memoriam Tribute to Jeffrey Robbins, PhD (1950-2022).

2022 Report: Student Affiliates of Seventeen (SAS)

The counseling psychology program at the University of Missouri-Columbia was selected to host the Student Affiliates of Seventeen (SAS) Executive Board from 2019 to 2022 and will complete its tenure at the conclusion of the 2022 APA Convention. This report outlines the work of the SAS Executive Board from 2021 through 2022, while also reflecting on three themes that have emerged over the course of our 3-year term: 1) Fostering Connections, 2) Social Justice and Advocacy, and 3) Organizational Development. A description and rationale for each theme will be provided in addition to a review of the activities that align with each theme. The SAS tri-chairs also provide a reflection on the challenges of leading amidst a pandemic and the potential impact of the pandemic on student engagement.

P154. Low back pain with surgical and nonsurgical treatment of closed pelvic ring fractures with sacral injuries: a single institutional retrospective review

<h3>BACKGROUND CONTEXT</h3> Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) fusion surgery for chronic back pain has grown in popularity since 2011. A variety of implants have been developed since then to allow surgeons to perform this technique with ease while decreasing complications associated with a new technology. Despite the wide acceptance of this technology, factors that would lead to a satisfactory surgical outcome still remain unclear. Due to the robust mechanical properties of the incongruent sacroiliac joint, one could argue that the joint is truly not unstable. Adding additional stability by fusing the joint that is already stable does not explain why the procedure would be beneficial. Based on the hypothesis that SIJ pain is not necessarily due to mechanical instability, this study will review patients with pelvic trauma who either underwent nonoperative management versus operative management to assess who eventually developed chronic SIJ pain and required further ongoing intervention. For patients who underwent sacroiliac joint fusion, theoretically they should not develop chronic SIJ pain afterward. For patients who were treated nonoperatively, leading to potential mechanical instability, they would be more likely to develop chronic sacroiliac joint pain. This study will either validate or refute the belief that sacroiliac joint dysfunction is truly mechanically related. <h3>PURPOSE</h3> The purpose of this study is to determine if surgery negates the need for additional intervention for SI joint pain and determine if any displacement addressed during surgery contributes to better outcomes for the patient. <h3>STUDY DESIGN/SETTING</h3> This is a retrospective review of patients from a single Level I trauma center. <h3>PATIENT SAMPLE</h3> A total of 68 patients (56% male) from the University of Missouri-Columbia were included between 2015 and 2019. Patients between 18 and 65 years of age who sustained closed pelvic ring fractures with SI joint involvement were included in the study. Exclusion criteria include no contact information listed in chart, history of back pain prior to the injury, lack of appropriate followup radiographs and previous history of lumbar surgery or lumbar surgery as a result of the inciting injury. <h3>OUTCOME MEASURES</h3> The amount of anterior-posterior and vertical displacement were measured both pre- and postsurgery. Patients were separated into surgical and nonsurgical groups, with additional interventions of chiropractic manipulation, narcotics, physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and home exercises. <h3>METHODS</h3> Data analysis was performed with student's T test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fischer exact test with statistical significance achieved when p <0.05. A stepwise regression model was used to determine if comorbidities are associated with increased interventions in both the surgical and nonsurgical group. <h3>RESULTS</h3> No significant difference was found between the surgical and nonsurgical groups in terms of both demographics and comorbidities. There was also no significant difference between the number of interventions needed for patients treated with or without surgery. Increased comorbidities are not associated with an increased number of interventions needed in either the surgical or nonsurgical group. Additionally, surgery did not significantly decrease the amount of anterior-posterior and vertical displacement as measured on X-rays. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Conservative management is likely just as effective for certain pelvic ring injuries involving the SIJ. Based on current findings, providing additional mechanical stability for the SIJ does not necessarily provide a greater clinical outcome in these fractures. Therefore, the explanation for the clinical improvement of SIJ fusion in nontrauma patients remains elusive. <h3>FDA DEVICE/DRUG STATUS</h3> This abstract does not discuss or include any applicable devices or drugs.

Impact of establishing a precision oncology program at a rural academic cancer center on cancer care delivery.

e18660 Background: The use of molecular profiling, biomarkers, and other targetable tumor alterations is becoming a central component of modern cancer care. Many oncologists use Next Generation Sequencing to guide treatment decisions. There are many challenges of implementing precision oncology through traditional clinical operations. The purpose of this project is to enhance patient care by establishing a new clinical program with the specific focus of advancing and expanding the utilization of precision oncology. Methods: The precision oncology program (POP) was designed as a consult service and functions to assist oncologists in appropriate testing, interpreting results, and identifying additional treatment options. After referral, the POP committee discusses each patient case and offers testing and/or therapeutic recommendations to the referring provider. POP predominantly focused on patients with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors that had relapsed after at least one line of standard of care therapy. The effect of the program will be measured by the volume of patient consults, the number and nature of recommendations from the consulting program, and the direct impact of recommendations on patient care. Results: There were approximately 323 new diagnoses of advanced stage solid tumors in 2021 at the Ellis Fischel Cancer Center (EFCC) at the University of Missouri-Columbia. There were 205 FoundationOne liquid and tissue Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of solid tumors ordered since initiation of this service. Utilization of NGS testing has increased by 100% year-over-year from 2020 to 2021 since the implementation of this program. The impact of this program is reflected in the increased NGS testing for multiple malignancy types. Specifically, 34% more NGS tests in advanced lung cancers, 733% in breast, 60% in head and neck cancers, 166% colorectal and 500% in prostate cancer. Since the launch of POP in late 2020, we obtained consults on 46 patients. Additional biomarker testing was recommended for 39% of all consults, with a new actionable target being identified in 33% of patients. The amount of biomarker testing increased from averaging 6-7 tests per month to averaging 21 tests per month with an average number of 5 mutations per sample. Conclusions: The POP consult service has improved the testing and the identification of actionable mutations of patients at EFCC. The program has led to new treatment options in 33% of patients reviewed.

Setting Up a Teleneurology Clinic during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from an Academic Practice.

The declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid implementation of telehealth across all neurological subspecialties. Transitioning to telehealth technology can be challenging for physicians and health care facilities with no prior experience. Here, we describe our experience at the Neurology and Sleep Disorders Clinic at the University of Missouri-Columbia of successful transition of all in-person clinic visits to telehealth visits within a span of 2 weeks with a collaborative effort of clinic staff and the leadership. Within a month of launch, 18 clinic providers with no prior telehealth experience conducted 1451 telehealth visits, which was the 2nd highest number of telehealth visits conducted by any department at the University of Missouri-Columbia Health Care system. Lack of connectivity, poor video/audio quality, and unavailability of smart devices among rural populations were the important shortcomings identified during our telehealth experience. Our study highlighted the need for expansion of high-speed internet access across rural Missouri. We hope our experience will help other health care facilities to learn and incorporate telehealth technology at their facilities, overcome the associated challenges, and serve patient needs while limiting the spread of the COVID-19.

S1208 Improving Bone Health Screening Among Chronic Liver Disease Patients in a Digestive Health Liver Clinic, Quality Improvement Initiative

Introduction: Hepatic osteodystrophy affects a substantial proportion of patients with chronic liver disease with 30% developing osteoporosis and up to 40% developing an osteoporotic fracture resulting in a decrease in quality of life and life expectancy. Our aim is to improve screening for hepatic osteodystrophy in digestive health liver clinics among patients with chronic liver disease by increasing vitamin D and DEXA scan orders from a baseline average of 11% and 29% respectively to >75% within 9 month duration. Methods: Hepatology clinics in Fairview Digestive Health at the University of Missouri-Columbia was the site of intervention. We performed root cause analysis and created a process flow map to find areas for intervention. Using the STEEEP Model of Institute of Medicine, Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) Model was used to execute the project. The outcome measures were percentage of patients with vitamin D measurements, DEXA scans completed and referrals to endocrinology clinics for those with osteoporosis. The process measures include Vitamin D, DEXA scan order and completion rates. Balancing measures included potential increase in wait times at the clinic.The intervention included education of fellows and residents in the hepatology clinic and patient education about bone health. PDSA 1: Baseline data collection PDSA 2: Fellow and resident education using PowerPoint and flyers PDSA 3: Medication reconciliation and tracking visits with physicians PDSA 4: Re-education of fellows with flyers in the fellows’ room PDSA 5: Analyzing data Results: In 9 months, we performed 609 patient encounters with chronic liver disease/cholestatic liver disease with mean age 59.4 years and 48.6% male patients. Of them, 11% had a history of fractures. Pre-intervention baseline average vitamin D order rate was 11% and DEXA order rate was 7%. Percentage of patients with vitamin D measurements and DEXA scan at the end of the study period was 77% (469/609) and 34.1% (208/609) respectively. Linkage to subsequent care with endocrinology was 83.3% (35/42) with osteoporosis. Vitamin D and DEXA order rate monthly variation was plotted on a run chart. No significant increase in wait times were noted by this intervention. Conclusion: We noted significant improvement in screening patients for hepatic osteodystrophy and increase in subsequent care of patients with osteoporosis. Sustainability, better medication reconciliation and measurement of osteoporotic fractures are future plans.Figure 1.: Presentation images.Table 1.: Confusion Matrix for VNT Detected by EVEndo Score (VNT: varices needing treatment; VNNT: varices not needing treatment).

Deciding to post a manuscript preprint

Deciding to post a manuscript preprint

P43. Validity of routine diagnostic tests for vertebral osteomyelitis/discitis and its influence by the infecting organism

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Spine surgeons rely on multiple tests to correctly diagnose adult vertebral osteomyelitis. Patient temperature, serum C- reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum polymorphonuclear leukocyte percentage (PMN%) are traditionally used as first-line tests because of their perceived high sensitivity for vertebral osteomyelitis. However, the influence of the infecting organism on the degree of marker elevation remains relatively unaddressed in the spine literature. It is possible each of these markers have a distinct sensitivity based on the infecting organism. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine whether mean serum laboratory marker levels differed based on infecting organism and whether certain organisms are associated with greater elevated values. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This was a retrospective institutional database review at the University of Missouri-Columbia from 2015-2019. PATIENT SAMPLE A total of 133 patients diagnosed with vertebral osteomyelitis who underwent blood culture, and/or biopsy prior to treatment. OUTCOME MEASURES ESR, CRP, WBC, PMN%, maximum temperature, culture organism. METHODS The mean peak inflammatory marker levels were compared among organisms with student's T test. Demographics, comorbidities and Charleston Comorbidity Index (CCI) were collected and multivariable logistic regression models were utilized. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to delineate separate, optimal cut offs for CRP, ESR, WBC, and PMN% for patients with culture positive osteomyelitis. RESULTS Patients diagnosed with osteomyelitis had a max mean temperature of 37.2 C, CRP of 10.8 mg/L, ESR of 72 mm/hr, WBC of 12.1 cells/L, and PMN% of 74.1. A total of 105 patients (79%) had positive cultures. For CRP, Staphylococcus aureus (13.9 mg/L) and antibiotic resistant organisms (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci) (14.3 mg/L) had a higher mean value than culture negative cases (5.65 mg/L). For ESR, antibiotic resistant organisms (72.1 mm/hr) had a higher mean value than culture negative cases (57.9 mm/hr). For WBC, Staphylococcus aureus (14.4 cells/L), antibiotic resistant organisms (13.6 cells/L), and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (11.8 cells/L) had a higher mean value than culture negative cases (8.22 cells/L). For PMN%, Staphylococcus aureus (75.9%), antibiotic resistant organisms (77.2%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (77.7%), and Streptococcus species (79.7%) had a higher mean peak value than culture negative cases (67.7%). Both Staphylococcus aureus (13.9 mg/L, 72.1 mm/hr, 14.4 cells/L, 75.9%) and antibiotic resistant organisms (14.3 mg/L, 94.0 mm/hr, 13.6 cells/L, 77.2%) had elevated CRP, ESR, WBC, and PMN% compared to fungal organisms (2.56 mg/L, 43.7 mm/hr, 8.17 cells/L, 64.0%). Temperature showed no significant differences in mean values among all organisms. Gram negative, Enterococcus, and fungal organisms did not show significant differences in mean values versus culture negative cases. CONCLUSIONS Serum laboratory markers in the diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis appear to be influenced by the infecting organism type. Laboratory values in patients diagnosed with vertebral osteomyelitis with culture negative or low-virulence organisms are lower compared to antibiotic resistant and Staphylococcus aureus organisms. Temperature did not correlate with a diagnosis of osteomyelitis. FDA DEVICE/DRUG STATUS This abstract does not discuss or include any applicable devices or drugs.

Racism Lives Here: The University of Missouri’s Response to a Campus Crisis

ABSTRACTThe University of Missouri-Columbia faced a crisis situation during the 2015–2016 academic year after a series of racially charged incidents on campus. The University’s chancellor and University System’s president reacted to the crisis through various forms of communication. Image repair theory was utilized to examine these messages and the image repair strategies employed through them. Findings showed that at least one strategy from each of the five categories of image repair strategies was employed through these messages. The specific use of each image repair strategy used and seeming effectiveness are addressed.

Lanford Wilson: Early Stories, Sketches, and Poems ed. by David A. Crespy

Reviewed by: Lanford Wilson: Early Stories, Sketches, and Poems ed. by David A. Crespy Jeff Grace Lanford Wilson: Early Stories, Sketches, and Poems. Edited by David A. Crespy. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2017. pp. xi + 251. 7 illustrations. $45.00 hardcover. Lanford Wilson: Early Stories, Sketches, and Poems, edited by David A. Crespy, is an excellent collection of work featuring eighteen short stories and twenty-three poems written by Pulitzer Prize–winning playwright Lanford Wilson. The most thrilling accomplishment of this book is that it brings to light a selection of work previously unpublished, until now; after Wilson passed away in 2011, all his papers were donated to the Special Collections Library at the University of Missouri-Columbia, where Crespy teaches playwriting. Owing many accolades to Crespy's fervent editorial labor, this remarkable collection will be received [End Page 220] with tremendous excitement by enthusiasts of Wilson's work. Crespy begins the book with an introductory essay that offers a concise overview of Wilson's biography, including his upbringing in rural Missouri, his various travels, and his critical expansion as a writer. Readers will quickly notice that most of the selections are left undated, but Crespy asserts they were written between 1955 and 1964, a period when Wilson was still developing his voice as a young author, and years before his success as a flourishing playwright. The book's introduction also includes a preliminary analysis of each short story that draws comparisons between the characters, descriptions, and plots of these early writings and those found in Wilson's later works. The intersection between Wilson's prose and the development of his more mature dramatic dialogue establishes a clear foundation for future exploration and research by both students and scholars. The collection is presented in five sections that organize the writings by either a common theme or a stylistic approach. Beginning with "Section 1: Six Stories," Wilson offers a nostalgic view of adolescence and the various types of people one might encounter as a young adult. He writes beautifully about topics such as a boy's remembrances of visiting his grandmother, encountering threatening neighbor children, befriending a hobo in Central Park, and noisily confronting naked apartment dwellers. With magnificently crafted character descriptions and scenarios that seem mysteriously familiar, Wilson stirs his reader's imagination while simultaneously reminding them of the innocence, and occasional pain, that accompanies youth. The most notable story in this section, "Miss Misty," is a complex, yet superbly written examination of gender identity. The story features two friends attempting to help a drag queen rehearse "masculine" mannerisms in order to appease her wealthy father. Here, before becoming a playwright known for championing the outcast and exposing the plight of gay people, Wilson, who was himself gay, reveals his early interest in openly and sincerely writing about characters struggling to cope with the social forces of oppression. "Section 2: Travels to and from the City" includes three longer stories that explore the sentiments of independence and isolation. In both "The Water Commissioner" and "Fish Kite," Wilson presents the eye-opening adventures of young men who travel away from their homes in the country to visit, and attempt to find employment in, larger cities. Perhaps reminiscent of his own journey from Missouri to San Diego, and then eventually on to Chicago and New York City, Wilson reflects on the differences between rural and urban life, two subjects commonly found in many of his subsequent dramas. The third story in this section, "The Train to Washington," feels slightly out of place when compared to [End Page 221] the others. This is possibly because the travels of the characters are described as something they long for rather than presented as an immediate event in which the action occurs. The story illustrates the heartbreak experienced by an eight-year-old boy when he discovers that a heated encounter between his prostitute mother and his uncle will prevent him from escaping the city to spend the summer in rural Virginia with his beloved grandmother. The next two parts, "Section 3: Sketches of Town Life" and "Section 4: Sketches of City Life" include two micro-stories and seven pieces of flash fiction. As in...

Adult asthma: waning and weaning

Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO The author declares no conflicts of interest.

Nasal saline irrigation may reduce rhinosinusitis symptoms in adults

University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO Little P, Stuart B, Mullee M, Thomas T, Johnson S, Leydon G, et al; SNIFS Study Team. Effectiveness of steam inhalation and nasal irrigation for chronic or recurrent sinus symptoms in primary care: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2016; 188(13):940–949.

Plant Microbiome Innovation: M-trophs.

Human population is increasing from 7.6 billion today to an estimated 9.5–10 billion by 2050.1 How can billions more people, with increasing demands for protein and other food sources, be adequately fed without destroying the environment? Utilizing more land for agricultural purposes is not a solution, given that much of the arable land on the planet is already being used for food, fiber, chemical, or fuel production.2 One answer to this complex challenge will lie in the ability to produce more food within the current footprint in sustainable and affordable ways. By one definition, “an agricultural biologicals system is an ecologically, socially, and economically sustainable agricultural production system that promotes safe products by minimizing environmental adverse consequences and reducing the use of non-renewable natural resources.”3 In this article, we discuss opportunities that capitalize on twenty-first century technological innovation and the central role played by the microbial life intimately associated with plants: the plant and soil microbiomes. We examine the potential of Ag biologicals within the agricultural ecosystem. We elucidate their functionality as a means of increasing plant health and crop yields while maintaining environmental sustainability. Finally we illustrate the role that NewLeaf Symbiotics (St. Louis, MO) plays in the introduction of a range of Ag biologicals based on methylobacteria, or M-trophs—bio-complementary products that infuse plants with microbes that are tailored to fit specific crop genetics and environmental conditions.4 Most major agricultural input suppliers and seed companies recognize that biologicals represent a largely untapped opportunity to meet demand for novel and sustainable complements to the existing roster of agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, and genetically modified (GM) traits. Recent government, industrial, and private investments support the belief that significant improvements in crop productivity and environmental sustainability are achievable using complementary biological inputs. Between 2012 and 2015, over $2 billion was invested by Ag multinationals in agreements, mergers, and the acquisition of small biologicals companies.5 These investments are driving the development of the next generation of Ag biologicals. The broad recognition of the agricultural significance of the plant and soil microbiome is supported in large part by the reduced cost, increased speed, and improved accuracy of genomic sequencing. Simultaneous increases in computing power and analytics are driving the rapid evolution of new molecular biology tools directed at solving previously intractable problems. The recognition of the phyto-microbiome as a second genome, with the potential to supplement and interact with the plant genome, offers significant opportunity to improve crop health and yield.6 The persistent evolution of pest resistance to chemical pesticides and traits, combined with consumer demand for sustainable farming and food traceability, have created a strong and growing interest in new Ag biologicals.7 In the US there are 350-plus registered biocontrol agents based on 50-plus species. The market is growing at an average compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) greater than 14%. Every major international and domestic supplier of agronomic inputs is investing in this area. Since most Ag biological products are based on naturally occurring microbes, consumer health and safety concerns about these products are reasonably mitigated. Growers are aware and ready to try new biologicals, in part because biological products like rhizobia and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used and accepted for decades. There are, however, significant obstacles to the introduction of novel and efficacious Ag biologicals. Microbes are part of extremely complex soil and plant systems; discovery and delivery of effective products are no simple tasks. Historically, some Ag biological market offerings failed to deliver consistent efficacy equal to conventional inputs, causing the industry to regard Ag biologicals with some caution. Improved strains, advanced formulations, and recognition of the unique value Ag biologicals can provide has led to an increase in their global market share over the past decade from less than 1% to more than 5%. Two of the major strategic challenges to increased use of Ag biologicals are: ▪ Optimization of discovery, screening, and derivation of candidate microbes, and ▪ Alignment of product development with technical and economic drivers of contemporary production farming.

Race and Economic Struggle in St. Louis

Other| May 01 2018 Race and Economic Struggle in St. Louis Keona K. Ervin Keona K. Ervin KEONA K. ERVIN is assistant professor of history at the University of Missouri-Columbia. Ervin is the author of Gateway to Equality: Black Women and the Struggle for Economic Justice in St. Louis (2017). She has published articles in International Labor and Working-Class History, the Journal of Civil and Human Rights, and Souls: A Critical Journal of Black Politics, Culture, and Society. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Labor (2018) 15 (2): 7–8. https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-4353656 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter Email Permissions Search Site Citation Keona K. Ervin; Race and Economic Struggle in St. Louis. Labor 1 May 2018; 15 (2): 7–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/15476715-4353656 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsLabor Search Advanced Search On Friday, September 17, 2017, when St. Louis Circuit Judge Timothy Wilson delivered his not-guilty verdict in the first-degree murder and armed criminal action trial of Jason Stockley, the former St. Louis police officer who fatally shot black motorist Anthony Lamar Smith in December 2011, many residents and community leaders immediately took to the streets in protest. Conducting marches and demonstrations at strategic locations such as the St. Louis city police headquarters, newly elected St. Louis Mayor Lyda Krewson’s Central West End home, and popular shopping malls and stores in St. Louis County, Stockley protestors staged actions designed to disrupt capital flow and accumulation, as longtime St. Louis organizer and founder of the city’s Organization for Black Struggle, Jamala Rogers, explained. Their hashtag, “no justice no profits,” pointed to an economic focus as well as a determination to carry out sustained... Copyright © 2018 Labor and Working-Class History Association2018 You do not currently have access to this content.

507 Treatment of Hypertrophic Granulation in Burns: Review of the Literature

Poster presentation at Health Sciences research day, University of Missouri Columbia: Hypertrophic granulation in burns: Review of the literature. Also presented at the 50th Annual Meeting American Burn Association, Chicago Illinois: Treatment of hypertrophic granulation in burns: Review of the literature.

Characterization of Implantation's Biomaterials Based on the Patient and Doctor Expectations

Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences Characterization of Implantation's Biomaterials Based on the Patient and Doctor Expectations Alijani S1 and Anvari A2* 1Department of Art and Architecture, University of Guilan, Iran 2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri Columbia, USA *Corresponding author: Anvari A, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA Submission: March 14, 2018; Published: March 19, 2018 DOI: 10.31031/RMES.2018.04.000583 ISSN: 2576-8816Volume4 Issue2