University Of Mindanao Research Articles

Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 15, No. 1

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 15, Number 1Abderrazak Zaafour, Almería University, SpainAby John, RUDN University, IndiaAhmad Qabaha, An-Najah National University, PalestineAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USACarol Kingston, Spicer Adventist University, IndiaChahra BELOUFA, Arab Open University, Saudi ArabiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHan Van Ho, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet NamHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanIsmat Jabeen, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesJoohoon Kang, Korea National University of Transportation, South KoreaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyKenan Yerli, Sakarya University, TurkeyKhadija Alamoudi, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALuqman Rababah, Jadara University, JordanMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMaroua Benhamlaoui, University of Fréres Mentouri- Constantine 1, AlgeriaMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Tashkent Institute of Economics and Pedagogy (TIPI), UzbekistanMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu , Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNitin Malhotra, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPatsawut Sukserm, Chulalongkorn University Language Institute (CULI), ThailandPhyll Jhann Gildore, UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO, PhilippinesPrincess H. Policarpio, Angeles University Foundation, PhilippinesR.Subhashini, Saveetha Engineering College (Affiliated to Anna University), IndiaRajesh K, Sri Sairam Engineering College, IndiaRamesh Manickkam, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. Priya, Subbalakshmi Lakshmipathy College of Science, IndiaS. Sakthivel, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College (Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSafi Mahmoud Mahfouz, The University of Jordan, Aqaba, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul, IraqSamikshya1 Bidari, Hosei University, JapanSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShehr Bano Zaidi, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, PakistanSohaib Alam, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaSonthaya Rattanasak, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, ThailandTelal Mirghani Khalid, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, QatarWafa Nouari, University of Mostefa Benboulaid, Batna 2, AlgeriaWahaj Unnisa Warda, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaYi-Zhen Chang, National Taipei University of Business, Taiwan

Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 14, No. 6

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 14, Number 6Abderrazak Zaafour, Almería University, SpainAbdul Syahid, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, IndonesiaAby John, RUDN University, IndiaAissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAshraf Mansour, Jerash Private University, JordanAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBahram Kazemian, Islamic Azad University, IranBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanEleonora Federici, University of Ferrara, ItalyGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHammad Alshammari, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaHan Van Ho, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet NamHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHiyam Al-Badareen, Al al-Bayt University, JordanHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanIvana Roncevic, Prince Sultan University, Saudi ArabiaJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaLuqman Rababah, Jadara University, JordanMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMounir Jilani Ben Zid, Sultan Qaboos University, OmanMozhgan Ghassemiazghandi, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MalaysiaMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOmar (Mohammad-Ameen) Hazaymeh, Al-Balqa Applied University / Al-Huson University College, JordanOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPatsawut Sukserm, Chulalongkorn University Language Institute (CULI), ThailandPhyll Jhann Gildore, UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO, PhilippinesPrincess H. Policarpio, Angeles University Foundation, PhilippinesPushpanathan Thiruvengadam, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, IndiaR.Subhashini, Saveetha Engineering College (Affiliated to Anna University), IndiaRajesh K, Sri Sairam Engineering College, IndiaRamesh Manickkam, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. Priya, Subbalakshmi Lakshmipathy College of Science, IndiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College(Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSafi Mahmoud Mahfouz, The University of Jordan, Aqaba, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul, IraqSamikshya1 Bidari, Hosei University, JapanSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University , TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShehr Bano Zaidi, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, PakistanSohaib Alam, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaTeguh Budiharso, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Surakarta, IndonesiaTelal Mirghani Khalid, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, QatarWafa Nouari, University of Mostefa Benboulaid, Batna 2, AlgeriaWahaj Unnisa Warda, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaWARID BIN MIHAT, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), MalaysiaYi-Zhen Chang, National Taipei University of Business, TaiwanZijun SHEN, Sichuan University of Media and Communications, China

Lived-Experiences and Intelligence Scores of Working Students in Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science Program at University of Minda-nao

This study assesses lived experiences and measures working students' intelligence scores enrolled in Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science Program at the University of Mindanao last 1st semester, S.Y. 2022-2023. This study employs a mixed-method approach, specifically a concurrent triangulation strategy of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Further, this study used a survey questionnaire to get quantitative data and conducted in-depth interviews to get qualitative data. Based on the quantitative result, participants have high intelligence scores, and it is oftentimes manifested. On the other hand, qualitative results showed these dominant themes: exploring beyond limits, providing own needs and the needs of the family, working while studying is not for everyone, and taste the bitterness of reality. The qualitative themes suggesting challenges and realities faced by working students may influence their intelligence scores, with those experiencing greater adversity potentially demonstrating lower scores due to increased stress and distraction. The research implication of this study underscores the importance of recognizing the multifaceted challenges faced by working students and their potential impact on academic performance, specifically intelligence scores.

Association between Lifestyle Factors and Body Mass Index among Medical Technology/Medical Laboratory Science Students at the University of Mindanao, Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study investigates the factors influencing the Body Mass Index (BMI) status of Medical Technology/Medical Laboratory Science students at the University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines. Using a quantitative and descriptive design approach, 185 respondents were sampled using stratified and convenience sampling methods. The analysis included Frequency, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Ordinal Logistic Regression to assess diet, exercise, and pressure status as regressors of BMI. Findings reveal that respondents' age ranges from 17 to 24 years, with a mean BMI of 20.55, indicating normal weight status. First-year students predominantly participated, with more females than males. Most regularly consume breakfast, spend 6 to 10 minutes on meals, and engage in exercise sessions of less than 30 minutes, predominantly 1 to 3 times a week. Further, most respondents use mobile devices for 4 to 6 hours, and most prefer bedtimes from before 11:00 pm to 12:00 midnight. The final model highlights mealtime spent, exercise duration, and bedtime as significant regressors for BMI, emphasizing their association with lifestyle factors. These findings underscore the importance of academic institutions offering Medical Technology/Medical Laboratory Science courses to address obesity factors. Implementing awareness programs can empower students to make informed lifestyle choices.

Risk Communication Effectiveness and Earthquake Preparedness of Students at the University of Mindanao, Philippines

An earthquake is a natural disaster that has been part of history, causing catastrophic events that lead to social and economic losses. As a result, there is a pressing need for a change toward earthquake readiness, with earthquake preparedness playing a significant role in fostering this study. Despite the significant role of earthquake preparedness in lessening the impact of this natural catastrophe, challenges are present that disable the people and the concerned agencies from entirely benefiting from its implication. The extent of each component is examined and correlated in the current study on teacher education students; level of risk communication effectiveness and level of earthquake preparedness. To achieve the study’s objectives, descriptive correlation analysis was utilized. Generated 330 University of Mindanao-Main teacher education students as respondents and used convenience sampling methods to gather data. The findings revealed a statistically significant relationship between risk communication effectiveness and earthquake preparedness. Furthermore, the effectiveness of risk communication is frequently observed by the students and the students’ earthquake preparedness; both variables showed a High overall mean. Consequently, the research is significant to future educators and individuals as it will equip them with the necessary skills and resources to prepare for an earthquake and communicate risk information within and outside the institution. The institution, concerned agencies, and countries with similar experiences and challenges will also benefit by strengthening and improving risk communication systems and earthquake preparedness measures.

Cultural Values and Intercultural Sensitivity among College of Teacher Education Students

Most university and college students are susceptible to prejudice, stereotype, or even discrimination towards individuals or groups of people from different cultures. This confluence of concerns has occurred both within and outside the educational sector. As a result of this alarming predicament, this study aims to determines the relationship between cultural values and intercultural sensitivity among College of Teacher Education students officially enrolled for the Academic Year 2022–2023 in the University of Mindanao in Matina, Davao City. With a total population of 2,054 students in the College of Teacher Education program, the researchers obtained a total of 324 respondents, which was calculated using the Raosoft sample size calculator. This study used convenience sampling and a descriptive correlational research design. The Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Correlation were utilized as statistical techniques. The overall findings show that the level of cultural values is high, with a mean score of 4.46 and a standard deviation of .38, while the level of intercultural sensitivity is also high, with a mean score of 4.44 and a standard deviation of .40. This indicates that the cultural values and intercultural sensitivity among undergraduate teachers at the University of Mindanao are highly manifested. Furthermore, the p-value of .000, states that there is a significant relationship between cultural values and intercultural sensitivity. The r-value of .622* also indicates a moderately positive (direct) correlation between cultural values and intercultural sensitivity. Finally, the study's overall results affirm that cultural values have a significant (direct) relationship with the intercultural sensitivity of the College of Teachers Education students at the University of Mindanao. It concludes that students better understand and appreciate cultural diversity. In this sense, future educators have practical intercultural communication skills and collaboration among people of diverse cultural backgrounds. Thus, it creates an inclusive and equitable environment for civically competent individuals in a pluralistic society.

Environmental Stewardship Towards Sustainable Lifestyle of College of Teacher Education Students

This study utilized descriptive correlational research to determine the relationship between environmental stewardship and the sustainable lifestyle of College of Teacher Education students. Three hundred thirty students from the University of Mindanao were identified as respondents through convenience sampling. Findings manifested that the level of sustainable lifestyle of College of Teacher Education students in terms of consumption, nature, responsibility, and support is high. It entails that College of Teacher Education students' sustainable lifestyle is often manifested. The level of environmental stewardship in terms of awareness of UM effort, knowledge of practice, self-reported behavior, and peer behavior is very high. It means that the College of Teacher Education's environmental stewardship is always manifested. Furthermore, the research presented evidence that environmental stewardship is one of the predictors of students' sustainable lifestyles. There is still a need to enhance the students' learning of how our lifestyle choices impact the world. Students should participate in different activities that advocate ways of conserving the environment. They should promote environmental awareness through campaigns such as promoting sustainable consumption, proper waste disposal etc., in both outside and inside the school premises. Teaching the process of learning to live sustainably inside and even outside the classroom setting and giving students more opportunities to practice environmental stewardship behavior, the teacher and the school should work closely together.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 14, No. 1

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 14, Number 1Abdul Syahid, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, IndonesiaAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesDeena Elshazly, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, EgyptDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesJunhua Peng, Anshun University/Universiti Putra Malaysia, ChinaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College ( Autonomous), IndiaLihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMeenakshi Sharma Yadav, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMelania Terrazas Gallego, University of La Rioja, SpainMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammed AbdAlgane, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyOmar (Mohammad-Ameen) Hazaymeh, Al-Balqa Applied University / Al-Huson University College, JordanÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPhyll Jhann Gildore, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesRaeesabegam Usmani, NMIMS University, Hyderabad Campus, IndiaRamesh Manickkam, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaReimundus Raymond Fatubun, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura, IndonesiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College(Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul, IraqSara Mansouri, Islamic Azad University-Najafabad branch, IranŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninSohaib Alam, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaWahaj Unnisa Warda, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaWARID BIN MIHAT, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), MalaysiaYi-Zhen Chang, National Taipei University of Business, Taiwan

Action Competence towards Environmental Citizenship of College of Teacher Education Students

This correlational study investigated the relationship between action competence and environmental citizenship in the context of teacher education. A sample of 324 teacher education students enrolled during the Second Semester of School Year 2022 - 2023 at the University of Mindanao, Philippines were selected as respondents, and they completed a modified survey instrument that collected data on their levels of action competence and environmental citizenship. The analysis of descriptive statistics using mean scores revealed high levels of both action competence and environmental citizenship. The results also determined teacher education students’ willingness to act and sustainability as key indicators of their action competence and environmental citizenship, respectively. Pearson's r correlation coefficient value of r = .688 (P = .000) showed a significant positive relationship between the two variables indicating that students with higher levels of action competence were more likely to exhibit environmental citizenship behaviors. These findings suggest that action competence is an important factor in fostering environmental citizenship among teacher education students. The researchers described these results about their implications for curriculum design, pedagogical approaches, and policy development, highlighting the importance of integrating sustainability education into teacher preparation programs to nurture action competence and empower future educators to contribute effectively to sustainable development efforts.

Gender and Development Awareness Towards Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices of Pre-service Teachers: Basis for a University GAD Program

This Article describes the level of GAD Awareness and Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices of Pre-service Teachers at the University of Mindanao. Through Convenience Sampling, 234 Pre-service Teachers were selected to answer the survey questionnaire. The data were interpreted using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r). The Results showed that the overall mean of Gender and Development Awareness was M= 4.25, SD= .44, and the overall mean of Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices was M= 4.42, SD= .45. This implies that Gender and Development Awareness and Gender-Sensitive Pedagogical Practices are Highly Manifested among the University of Mindanao's Pre-Service Teachers. There was a significant relationship between Gender and Development Awareness and Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices (p= 0.000). There was a moderately positive correlation between Gender and Development Awareness and Gender-Sensitive Pedagogical Practices (r= .557). Therefore, there is a direct relationship between GAD Awareness and Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices. It exemplifies that when Pre-service Teachers exercise high awareness of Gender and Development, it affects their integration of Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices. Gender and Development, defined within Republic Act 9710 or Magna Carta Act of 2009, emphasizes that it is "a strategy for development that is participative, empowering, equitable, sustainable, devoid of violence, supportive of self-determination, and promotes the achievement of human potential." With that, the researchers proposed a Pedagogy Program for the GAD awareness and Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Strategies of Pre-service Teachers at the University of Mindanao. Continuous gender-sensitive teaching training, workshops, and awareness-raising GAD-related programs for Pre-service Teachers may help strengthen and maintain this high level of GAD Awareness and integrate Gender-sensitive Pedagogical Practices.

Error Analysis of Academic Essays of Senior High School Students

Students commit errors in their writing compositions due to their lack of English language proficiency and knowledge of the writing conventions. This study sought to analyze the errors committed by Senior High School (SHS) students of the University of Mindanao in their academic essays. The study utilized Corder’s error analysis to examine 100 academic essays of students. The results revealed that under the categories of errors, mechanics has the most problematic errors with 514 error counts (46.98%), followed by omission with 228 error counts (20.84%), addition with 190 error counts (17.37%), substitution with 153 error counts (13.99%), and permutation with nine error counts (0.82%), the least problematic category. The results further revealed that the SHS students are experiencing difficulties in applying grammatical and writing rules in their academic writing, such as appropriate usage of prepositions, omission and addition of affixations, proper structure of sentences, and substituting elements of sentences. The findings imply that consciousness-raising approaches to teaching grammar be used by teachers in school to improve the students’ knowledge of the English grammar and writing conventions.

Acculturation Strategies of Indigenous Students in Learning English: A Qualitative Inquiry

This qualitative descriptive study aimed to identify the factors that contribute to social and psychological distance of indigenous English learners, their strategies to reduce these factors, and their insights about acculturation. To this end, ten indigenous English major students at the University of Mindanao were interviewed. Through thematic analysis, findings revealed that the factors involved in the social distance of the participants were incongruence and dissimilarity between 2LL and TL group, negative attitudinal orientation towards the TL group, and cohesiveness of the 2LL group, while the psychological factors were language shock, high affective filter, and ego permeability. To address these factors, the participants implemented the following strategies: positive intergroup relationship, accommodation of the TL, perceptual distortions in favor of outgroup vitality, cultivation of positive self-image, and development of TL skills. In terms of the insights of the participants, this study observed empowerment of indigenous community, enhancement of exposure to second language input, instructional scaffolding in L2 teaching, implementation of intercultural approach, immersion to the outgroup, and alleviation of affective filter. The results evinced how the acculturation dilemmas faced by indigenous English learners prevented effective second language acquisition. From this, appropriate solutions may be formulated to ensure successful acculturation in the classroom.

Learning preference among accounting students of the University of Mindanao

Learning preferences are a way to enhance the learning experiences. Students can adjust learning processes and techniques if they understand the impact of different experiences. This study utilized cluster analysis to categorize the learning dimensions on the index of learning preferences of first-year accounting students at the University of Mindanao. A survey was conducted on accounting students, and a method of quantitative correlation was employed. Data were collected using a modified research questionnaire. To determine the learning preferences of first-year accounting students, the researchers use gender, age, and socio-economic status as indicators. The statistical treatments used to analyze and interpret data were principal component analysis and clustering analysis. The study's results indicated the following: (a) most students gain the most knowledge from what they hear; (b) the method that the students utilized is Auditory and Visual. In contrast, group and kinesthetic learning preferences are the students' least preferred.

Home Environmental Factors and Science Anxiety Affecting Academic Performance of Pre-Service Science Teachers

This study aims to identify the significant relationship between the home environmental factors and science anxiety affecting the academic performance of all pre-service science education students at the University of Mindanao. The total data from this study came from 124 respondents who participated in completing the survey and was collected using a descriptive correlation design. The researchers used a random sampling technique to select the respondents. Using mean and Pearson r analysis revealed a significant relationship between home environmental factors and science anxiety affecting the academic performance of pre-service science teachers. The study found that parents' socioeconomic status and student attitude resulted in a high mean and reached a high level. In contrast, parental involvement reached a moderate level. Science Anxiety with an indicator of science content showed low anxiety levels. The result revealed no significant relationship between the variables affecting the academic performance of pre-service science teachers. This study advocates the learners' various effects of dealing with anxiety about the factors from the home environment and academic performance. It may consider giving guidance and support such as that will provide interest and motivation to students.

Developing a Scale to Measure Student Quality of Life in an Online Learning Set Up in the Pandemic Context


 
 
 
 The COVID-19 pandemic brought many challenges to the student's quality of life. The University of Mindanao should develop an intervention program anchored to the new dimensions of students' quality of life. This study aims to create a scale on students' quality of life. Using a mixed-method research design, the researchers interviewed 13 students about students quality of life. The output of the interview, as well as the readings of related literature, became the basis of the Item Pool Statements (IPS). The IPS was evaluated by ten experts using Lawshe's method of Content Validation. The researchers collected 595 observations for Exploratory Factor Analysis and 3978 observations for Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The exploratory factor analysis extracted five factors: life vitality, emotional well-being, academic struggles, learning environment, financial well-being, and learning modality. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm further the measures of students' quality of life in the pandemic context. It was found that there is a significant relationship with the construct (factors). There is a high internal consistency and convergent validity of each construct. In addition, the ?2/df= 2.087, CFI=.962, TLI = 0.970, and RMSEA= .048 (p close = 0.650) are fitted to the level of acceptance; thus the model is fit.
 
 
 

The Mediating Effect of Language Skills Development in the Relationship of Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Motivation to Learn

Aims: To determine if there is a relationship between motivation, vocabulary learning strategies, and language skills development among Senior high School students. To determine also the mediating effect of language skills development in motivation to learn and vocabulary learning strategies.
 Study Design: Quantitative non-experimental design.
 Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted among Senior High School students in Rizal Memorial College, Assumption College of Davao, and University of Mindanao during the school year 2022-2023.
 Methodology: The respondents were 355 senior high school students from private schools in Davao City, Region 11, Philippines. The respondents were chosen using stratified random sampling. The data were collected using survey questionnaire.
 Results: The overall results showed that the respondents had a moderate level of vocabulary learning strategies and high level of motivation and language skills development. It also showed a significant relationship between three variables: motivation to learn, vocabulary learning strategies, and language skills development. Results also showed that language skills development had a partial mediation in the relationship of motivation to learn and vocabulary learning strategies.
 Conclusions: The high level of motivation to learn and language skills development indicates that motivation is already shown in students and developing their language skills is often manifested in them. However, the moderate level of vocabulary learning strategies indicates that students are not always using the strategies to improve their vocabulary. Thus, researcher recommends that teachers provide activities like mystery word, dictionary dig, digital vocabulary field trip and many more for students to use vocabulary learning strategies and enhance their interest in learning. More importantly, teachers should emphasize to students the importance of believing in themselves as stated in self-efficacy theory.

Impact of Cooperative Learning Strategy on Students’ Academic Productivity

This quantitative study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cooperative learning on the academic productivity of BSED students. This descriptive correlational quantitative study sought to answer if there is a significant relationship between the cooperative learning of BSED students towards their academic productivity. This involved 30 BSED students as respondents, at University of Mindanao- Tagum College. Over a period of four weeks, the researcher conducted the study among randomly selected BSED students to answer the survey questionnaire according to their preferences. Cooperative Learning (IV) and Academic Productivity (DV) utilize validated survey questionnaires to gather data. The results showed students who were engaged in cooperative learning had a better academic progress as compared to the students who were taught by lecture. Therefore, the conclusion of this study is that the cooperative learning had a positive impact on students’ academic performances among BSED students of University of Mindanao-Tagum College.

ASSESSMENT OF PERSONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES OF UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO GRADUATING BUSINESS STUDENTS

Business management students are expected either to become entrepreneurs or intrapreneurs – an individual who act like an entrepreneur in a specific business organization. This study investigates the personal entrepreneurial competencies of graduating business students in the lens of MSI’s 10 Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) for the purpose of curriculum development. The MSI’s Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies questionnaire was utilized to determine the personal entrepreneurial competencies of graduating business students. The respondents were 132 graduating business students. ANOVA was used to determine the difference between the personal entrepreneurial competencies as well as the difference of PECs between programs (Marketing, Financial, Human Resource Management, and Business Economics). The graduating business students possess the competencies of an entrepreneur, either entrepreneurial or intrapreneurial. Hence , the University of Mindanao should supplement this through various programs and learning modalities that would sustain the development of students’ entrepreneurial competencies.

Competency Assessment on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Among Senior High School Students of Um Digos College

The Philippines is geographically located in the Pacific ring of fire, making the country one of the most vulnerable countries to natural disasters. With this, proper mitigations such as disaster preparedness and awareness among the citizens are essential to minimize the casualties whenever disaster strikes. Thus, this study aimed to assess Senior High School Students' competency level (SHS) on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) topics. A descriptive-comparative quantitative design was used to attain the objectives of the study. Moreover, an adopted questionnaire was used in this study. A total of twohundred twenty-two (222) Senior High School Students from the University of Mindanao - Digos participated in the survey. The study results revealed that Senior High School Students’ DRRM competency level needs improvement and showed no significant differences when analyzed according to their grade level, strand, and age, except for the topic, “Application of DRRM Concepts,” when analyzed by age. In contrast, it was found that there is a significant difference in students’ competency according to their sex. Therefore, the findings of the study implied that there is a need for curriculum enhancement and training programs for teachers to address the gaps pertaining to DRRM.

A SURVEY OF 21ST CENTURY SKILLS ACQUISITION AMONG THE PRESERVICE TEACHERS OF TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS

<p>21st-century skills are essential in teaching learners in a changing society. The role of educators is not just to transmit knowledge in the four corners of the classroom but also to change the lives of many people in the community where they live in. Hence this study was conducted to determine the 21st-century skills acquisition among preservice teachers. A total of one hundred thirty-three (133) respondents from the seven (7) programs of the Department of Teacher Education in the University of Mindanao, Digos College participated in the survey. Results show that respondents have a very high level of 21st-century acquisition in digital literacy, collaboration, social skills, creativity, while communication, critical thinking skills, and leadership show only a high level of acquisition. The overall result indicates that preservice teachers of the institution have a very high level of 21st-century skills. However, when analyzed by profile, overall 21st-century skill acquisition of preservice teachers shows no significant differences. These results can also be attributed to various factors associated with the acquisition of 21st-century skills.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0949/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>