College Of Medicine Research Articles

Bacterial Culture Results and Antibiograms in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients in Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Background The inappropriate use of antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis, exceeding established guidelines, is a growing concern in Vietnam. This practice is contributing to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the results of culture and antibiogram of bacteria on patients in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, who were treated for chronic rhinosinusitis in 2022-2023. Methods It is a cross-sectional study, including 113 patients who came for treatment with a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Mekong Delta, Vietnam, from 2022-2023. The bacterial cultures were identified, and their antibiograms were performed in the Microbiology laboratory of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 20.0. Results The rate of bacterial growth was 97.35%. The cultured bacterial composition had 8 genera, 22 species, and 116 samples, of which 2 bacterial species were cultured, accounting for 5.45%. Antibiogram showed that Streptococcus pneumonia was resistant to cefaclor (83.33%), cefuroxime (100%), trimethoprim+ sulfamethoxazole (100%), and susceptible to chloramphenicol (100%) and vancomycin (100%). Streptococcus haemolyticus was resistant to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (85.71%) and ampicillin (100%) and susceptible to linezolid (100%) and rifampin (100%). Streptococcus epidermidis was resistant to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (82.35%), ampicillin (100%), penicillin (100%) and susceptible to linezolid (91.18%) and rifampin (88.24%). Streptococcus aureus was resistant to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (95%) and ampicillin+sulbactam (90%), and susceptible to linezolid (90%) and synercid (95%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to amikacin (100%), meropenem (100%) and tobramycin (90%). Conclusion This study offers some useful information to doctors in the Mekong Delta and across Vietnam. It can be used as a good orientation in choosing the most appropriate antibiotics for treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. It is important to be conscious of the current trend of the bacteriological profiles and to regulate the antibiotic treatment regime to improve the effectiveness and reduce antibiotic resistance rate.

The Education and Implementation of Clinical Reasoning Education in Post-Graduate Emergency Medicine Training: An Integrative Review

The ability to clinically reason is a necessity for doctors to reduce the possibility of diagnostic error in patients. Emergency medicine doctors work in a highly active, challenging and, at times, cognitively formidable setting that can affect clinical reasoning. This review aims to study the literature on post-graduate training programs and how clinical reasoning education is incorporated. Methods: CINAHL, Embase and Medline were used to obtain relevant literature from 2010 to 2023. A review was undertaken of clinical reasoning curriculums and resources in medical and surgical specialties in Australia, New Zealand, USA, UK, Ireland and Canada. Results: 23 articles were included in the review. Educational themes to teach clinical reasoning were a) simulation b) technological and innovative methods, c) morning report, d) peer teaching, and e) curriculum related. Surgery, General practice, and Internal Medicine colleges appear to have embedded clinical reasoning courses and resources within their curriculum and training. Conclusion: Specialty colleges are recognising the importance of clinical reasoning and have incorporated formal curricula into their training. Teaching can occur at a college, hospital and departmental level using a variety of educational modalities that vary in the resources required and is a possible option for Emergency Medicine training.

Bibliometric Analysis of Botulinum Toxin and Bruxism: Impact, Visualization, and Collaborative Networks.

To analyze the scientific production related to the use of botulinum toxin (BTX-A) in the management of bruxism and evaluate its scope, impact, networks, and new research trends. A descriptive and retrospective study of publications indexed in Scopus from January 2018 to May 2024 was conducted. The bibliometric indicators evaluated were a number of publications, citations, h-index, SCImago Journal Rank 2022, CiteScore 2022, Lotka's Law, Bradford's Law, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Data were processed using SciVal and VOSviewer. We obtained 98 publications, including original articles, reviews, and other types of documents. Among the most productive authors, most were from South Korea and Turkey. Wonkwang University (South Korea) had the highest number of publications, while Baylor College of Medicine (USA) had the highest impact with 66.5 citations per publication. Toxins had the highest number of publications and the best Cite Score in 2022. Six main topics related to BTX-A in bruxism were identified, highlighting "reviews," "electromyography" and "controlled clinical trials". The use of BTX-A for the treatment of bruxism has generated increasing interest and scientific output in recent years, especially in South Korea and Brazil. However, there is a disparity in the productivity of authors, with most authors presenting only one publication. This study highlights the need for further research and collaborations to optimize clinical practice and better understand the efficacy and management of BTX-A for treating bruxism. How to cite this article: Villanueva-García M, Ruck-Sanchez N, Tinedo-López PL, et al. Bibliometric Analysis of Botulinum Toxin and Bruxism: Impact, Visualization, and Collaborative Networks. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):599-604.

Double Anterior Interventricular Arteries: Prevalence and Morphological Types-A Dissection Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of double anterior interventricular artery using the dissection method. A retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2024 at the Anatomy and Embryology Laboratory of the Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timisoara. Eighty cases were analyzed for morphological variants of the coronary arteries, especially the anterior interventricular artery. Two cases of double anterior interventricular arteries were identified. In the first case, the two anterior interventricular arteries originated from the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery. In the second case, an additional anterior interventricular artery with an aortic origin was found running along the lower third of the two interventricular grooves. This shape has not been described before in the specialized literature. Knowing the potential variations of the double left anterior descending artery is critical for interpreting cardiac imaging and choosing and planning percutaneous and surgical reperfusion strategies.

Discussion on the relationship between the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and related objective indicators in hepatolenticular degeneration.

Hepatolenticular degeneration is a rare treatable autosomal recessive inherited copper metabolism disorder with a diverse clinical phenotype and an exceptionally complex pathogenesis. Early definitive phenotypic diagnosis and targeted treatment are major challenges worldwide. In this study, we strictly followed the "National Standards of the People's Republic of China - Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment (Syndrome Part)," "Chinese Medicine Nomenclature," and the clinical investigation-determined traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation standards at Anhui University of Chinese Medicine to select 6 of the most common traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiations. This study retrospectively analyzed 107 patients admitted between 2019 and 2023 with Wilson's disease based on real-world data. After testing for normal distribution and homogeneity of variance, corresponding analysis of variance was selected, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons. Of the selected 25 objective influencing factors, 22 exhibited normal distribution, while red blood cells, hemoglobin, and type IV collagen did not pass the homogeneity of variance test. After analysis of variance, the factors ceruloplasmin (CP) and copper oxidase (SCO) showed significant differences among patients with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes (P < .05), with partial η2 for CP being 0.13 > 0.06 and for SCO being 0.143 > 0.14. Post hoc multiple comparison results indicated significant differences in CP and SCO among patients with certain traditional Chinese medicine syndromes (P < .05). There were significant differences in the factors CP and SCO among patients with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. Significant differences were observed in the copper blue protein factor between damp-heat syndrome and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and phlegm heat and wind syndrome, as well as liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis (P < .05). Significant differences were also found in the SCO factor between damp-heat syndrome and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and phlegm heat and wind syndrome, and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis (P < .05).

Bronchoscopic Interventional Treatment of Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma of Diffuse Trachea: A Case Report and Literature Review

Pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma (MSCGP) is a subtype of pulmonary papilloma, which can be classified as central type and peripheral type based on its site of development. The central type is the most common. The clinical manifestations of pulmonary MSCGP are mainly related to the location of the tumor. Surgery is the main treatment for this disease. Bronchoscopic interventional treatment for the MSCGP in the central trachea could receive satisfactory effect. We reported a patient suffered from diffuse tracheal MSCGP who was treated by bronchoscopic interventional treatment in Respiratory Disease Center, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, aiming to enhance the recognition of the clinical features and provide clinical references for the diagnosis and treatment of such disease. .

Establishment and external validation of an early warning model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on random forest and logistic regression

ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to establish an early diagnostic prediction model for its onset, based on clinical data and biochemical indices.MethodsRetrospective data were collected from 1,446 diabetic patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and were split into training and internal validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. Additionally, 360 diabetic patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital were used as an external validation cohort. Feature selection was conducted within the training set, where univariate logistic regression identified variables with a p-value < 0.05, followed by backward elimination to construct the logistic regression model. Concurrently, the random forest algorithm was applied to the training set to identify the top 10 most important features, with hyperparameter optimization performed via grid search combined with cross-validation. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves, decision curve analysis, and calibration curves. Model fit was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, followed by Brier Score evaluation for the random forest model. Ten-fold cross-validation was employed for further validation, and SHAP analysis was conducted to enhance model interpretability.ResultsA nomogram model was developed using logistic regression with key features: limb numbness, limb pain, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic kidney disease, urinary protein, diastolic blood pressure, white blood cell count, HbA1c, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The model achieved AUCs of 0.91, 0.88, and 0.88 for the training, validation, and test sets, respectively, with a mean AUC of 0.902 across 10-fold cross-validation. Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed p-values of 0.595, 0.418, and 0.126 for the training, validation, and test sets, respectively. The random forest model demonstrated AUCs of 0.95, 0.88, and 0.88 for the training, validation, and test sets, respectively, with a mean AUC of 0.886 across 10-fold cross-validation. The Brier score indicates a good calibration level, with values of 0.104, 0.143, and 0.142 for the training, validation, and test sets, respectively.ConclusionThe developed nomogram exhibits promise as an effective tool for the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in clinical settings.

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile.

The study aims to evaluate visual acuity and objective visual quality before and after the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile for correction of presbyopia surgery. This prospective self-control study included 20 cases and 38 eyes of patients who underwent monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile correction of myopia with presbyopia at the Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to January 2024. These patients were selected for observation, and each patient's preoperative and postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), spherical aberration (SA) (within 6 mm), horizontal and vertical coma (within 6 mm), and corneal aspheric index (Q-value) (within 6 mm) were evaluated. Statistical data analysis was performed at different time points before and after the operation. There were statistically significant differences in UDVA between dominant and non-dominant eyes before and after surgery (Z = -3.784, p < 0.001; Z = -3.817, p < 0.001). Post-operatively, 90% of the non-dominant eyes achieved UNVA of J1 and above, and 95% of the bilateral eyes achieved UNVA of J1 and above. Significant differences were found in the SA of the dominant eyes, which showed a positive increase (Z= -3.784, p < 0.001); however, compared with the dominant eye, the SA of the non-dominant eye was negatively increased, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). There was a significant difference in the vertical coma of the dominant eye before and after the operation, but there was no significant difference in non-dominant eyes. There was no significant difference in the change of binocular horizontal coma before and after the operation. There were significant changes in the Q value of both eyes before and after the operation (Z = -3.923, p < 0.001; Z = -3.51, p < 0.001). After the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile, the cornea of the non-dominant eye showed a prolate shape, negative SA increased, and the UDVA and UNVA improved after the operation.

Comparative analysis of factors and barriers intervening in research participation among romanian and international medical graduates from one romanian medical faculty across three generations

Abstract Objectives This study focuses on the factors that encouraged engagement in research activities, as well as the barriers that restricted their involvement, until the final year of study at Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Medicine. The main objectives of this study are to investigate potential disparities in research culture and student engagement in various research opportunities between Romanian and international medical graduates, as well as to conduct an examination of the observed patterns across various graduating years (2021–2023). Materials and methods A cross-sectional investigation was conducted among graduate students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. From 2021 to 2023, all graduate students from the Romanian and international programs of the faculty were asked to participate in the study by filling out an anonymous online questionnaire. The final sample included 572 participants, of whom 392 were students from the Romanian section and 180 were students from international programs. Results Motivation and personal interest drive research engagement, according to over half of graduates. For over one-third of graduates, institutional elements like financial support and education also play a major role, as does the desire to enhance their curriculum vitae. More than 25% of graduates value community influence, 70% of graduates attended medical congresses, 12–15% presented papers at medical conferences, 23% wrote medical articles, 10–15% published at least one scientific paper in medical journals, and 20% participated in medical school research projects. Comparative analysis showed that Romanian students start research earlier, attend more medical conferences, present posters, collect data for studies, and are more interested in publishing graduation thesis data in scientific journals. To encourage international students to participate in research, the study found that colleagues’ examples were more important, and both time and funds were key barriers. The research also shows that 2022 and 2023 graduates will organize more scientific conferences. According to the study, 2022 graduates began their research earlier than others. Conclusions To increase student engagement in research activities, medical schools should prioritize the promotion of positive factors, minimize common barriers, offer customized support and resources, encourage collaborative research activities, and facilitate cross-cultural learning.

Perceptions of Interns Toward Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Pre-service Education and Its Impact on Their Clinical Knowledge: A Study at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat.

Objectives The study aims to assess interns' perceptions of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) pre-service education at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU). Specifically, it evaluates how IMCI training during phases 2 and 3 influences interns' clinical practice readiness and knowledge acquisition. The findings will inform evidence-based enhancements to IMCI training programs, ensuring they meet interns' educational needs and optimize clinical skills acquisition. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CoMHS) at SQU, Muscat, over a two-month period (September 20, 2023, to November 30, 2023). The questionnaire evaluated interns' sociodemographic factors, perceptions regarding pre-service IMCI training, and IMCI knowledge. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24 (Released 2016; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York) was used to analyze Likert scale responses for frequencies and proportions. Results Out of 103 invited interns, 75 participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of 72.8%. Interns who attended three or more IMCI lectures, tutorials, and practical sessions demonstrated a more advanced understanding of IMCI principles compared to those attending fewer sessions. Overall, 63 (84.0%) interns agreed on the effectiveness of IMCI training, 57 (76.0%) interns acknowledged skill enhancement, and 69 (92.0%) interns perceived its practicality for illness assessment. However, only 60.0% (n=45) felt confident in managing sick children. The knowledge assessment revealed varied understanding of IMCI objectives (82.7%, n=62) and components (61.3% (n=46) to 64.0% (n=48)). Clinical case evaluation showed mixed recognition of clinical features and danger signs of childhood illnesses, while awareness of disease preventability through immunization was generally high, except for tuberculosis (74.7%, n=56) and rotavirus (40.0%, n=30). Conclusion Interns exhibit positive attitudes towards IMCI principles, demonstrating a strong grasp of related concepts through effective case-based question responses. These results highlight the effectiveness of IMCI training in improving interns' understanding of pediatric healthcare principles, with potential implications for enhancing clinical practice and patient care. Future investigations should explore the impact of IMCI training on interns' clinical practice and patient outcomes.

Two-Phase Individual Assessments: A Second-Chance Assessment Strategy With Individualized Feedback to Promote Assessment for Learning.

High-stakes multiple-choice question (MCQ) exams in medical education typically focus on assessment of learning at a single point without providing feedback for improvement. Educators can achieve a more balanced approach to MCQ exams by combining efficient assessment of learning with the feedback and improvement opportunities of assessment for learning. As part of a curriculum renewal at Baylor College of Medicine's MD program, the Two-Phase Individual Assessment (TPIA) model was launched within a 4-week preclinical Foundations of Medicine course in August 2023. The TPIA model featured weekly assessments, each consisting of 2 MCQ exams given on the same day with a 4-hour study period in between. Exams were paired, consisting of an equal number of items that addressed the same learning objectives. After the initial exam, students received an individualized feedback report indicating correctly and incorrectly answered objectives. Students applied individualized feedback reports to self-identify and remediate deficiencies in preparation for the second-chance exam. Only the highest score counted toward the final grade. Among 230 medical student participants, significant performance improvements between morning and afternoon exams were observed across the first 3 weekly TPIAs, with mean score increases of 4.93, 5.06, and 10.86. Mean change in performance in week 4 was not significant. Student end-of-course survey responses indicated a strong preference for the TPIA format. Responses highlighted the value of offering individualized feedback, providing unstructured time to address knowledge gaps, and ensuring a corresponding opportunity for improvement. Future research will extend TPIA's implementation in more clinical-oriented courses to validate TPIA's effectiveness and explore its effect on long-term knowledge retention through more cumulative examinations. Integrating TPIA-based approaches may advance educational systems toward developing a culture of feedback and embracing second chances to support learning and professional growth, thereby preparing medical professionals for the demands of 21st-century medicine.

Factors associated with acculturative stress among international medical students in an Egyptian university

BackgroundInternational students frequently face difficulties that are specific to the typical college experience, in addition to facing other factors of acculturative stress, including cultural differences, language barriers, and comfortability in accommodation.AimThe study aims to measure the prevalence of acculturative stress among first-year international students enrolled at Faculty of Medicine in an Egyptian University and aims to reveal the factors that are associated with acculturative stress in these students.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 international students in the academic year 2021–2022, using the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS). The factors associated with acculturative stress were examined using the following criteria: comfort in accommodation, student adjustment to college, language proficiency, and academic pressure.ResultsThis study showed that 28.7% of the international students were “above the warning sign” of acculturative stress (above 109). The major stressors of acculturative stress among international students were the non-specific concerns, homesickness, and perceived discrimination, while the least reported stressors were fear and guilt. International students who scored in the “above the warning sign” in the (ASSIS) were mostly females (35.3%) and non-Arab students (37.8%). Having a friend or a family member living in Egypt significantly reduced the level of acculturative stress. Moreover, the ASSIS total score showed a negative correlation with the scores for overall language proficiency, comfort in accommodation, academic adjustment, and student adjustment to college.ConclusionAcculturative stress among the studied groups is influenced by several factors, including nationality, English and Arabic language proficiency, academic adjustment, and comfort of living. That being said, the most significant stressor is the country of origin, which is defined in terms of nationality or language proficiency. Consequently, resources that ensure the sustainability and growth of international students throughout their educational process must be made available to a multicultural environment in order to support and retain those students.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Bascom Headen Palmer, Jr, MD (1889-1954)

PurposeMost ophthalmologists in the US recognize the name “Bascom Palmer” but few are familiar with the individual for whom the Eye Institute is named. This article reviews the biography of Bascom Headen Palmer, Jr., MD (1889-1954). DesignHistorical review. MethodsHistorical documents were reviewed, including the archives of the University of Miami, the Miami Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, and other sources. ResultsPalmer, born in Lake City, FL in 1889, was the younger son of a Florida politician. He graduated from what was then called the College of Medicine of the Tulane University of Louisiana (now the Tulane University School of Medicine) in 1914, followed by a two-year internship at Touro Infirmary, service in the army during World War I, and finally a post-graduate course in ophthalmology at the University of Pennsylvania in 1923. He then moved to Miami, where he became influential in two new organizations: the University of Miami, founded in 1925, and the Florida Association of Workers for the Blind (now the Miami Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired), founded in 1930. He forged collaborations between these two organizations which eventually led to the foundation of the eponymous Eye Institute. ConclusionsThe decades-long collaboration between the Miami Lighthouse and the University of Miami, facilitated by Palmer, ultimately led to the founding of the Eye Institute.

Investigating the efficacy of acupuncture in treating patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial

IntroductionAcupuncture is widely used for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) treatment; however, the clinical efficacy has not been confirmed due to the lack of high-level evidence-based clinical practice. The purpose...

Assessment of Sleep Quality and Duration of Medical Students in Enugu State College of Medicine

Sleep is a physiological behaviour that occurs in all animal species forming about one – third of human life and is essential for survival. Prolonged sleep deprivation leads to severe physical impairment usually accompanied by cognitive loss and can even lead to death. Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by relatively inhibited sensory activity and reduced interactions with surroundings, altered consciousness, reduced muscle activity and inhibition of nearly all voluntary eye muscles. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the impact of various sleep duration among students and the effect on their academic performance. Using a simple random method of sampling, questionnaires were physically distributed among medicine and surgery students of ESUT College of medicine and 265 students participated. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) with a value of &lt;0.05 considered significant. From the analysis of the data retrieved from the questionnaire, it was observed that during a regular school week, majority of students (27.5%) obtained 6 hours of sleep, while the night prior to an examination, of students (27.9%) obtained 4 hours of sleep. Also, 68.7% of students believe that insufficient sleep has a negative impact on memory consolidation, while 31.3% believes otherwise. In conclusion from the results, the study suggests that students should be educated regarding good sleep hygiene practices as this has a positive effect on their academic performance. Keywords: Sleep Quality, Duration and Medical Students

A prospective study of Acupuncture Combined With Modified Blood and Vessel Expelling Blood Stasis Tang in Treating Poststroke Facial Paralysis With Insomnia.

This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with modified Blood and Vessel Expelling Blood Stasis Tang in the treatment of poststroke patients experiencing facial paralysis and insomnia. A total of 120 patients with poststroke facial paralysis and insomnia were selected from the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2021 and January 2023. They were randomly assigned to either a control group or a study group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, while the study group received acupuncture combined with modified Blood and Vessel Expelling Blood Stasis Tang. The neurological function, facial paralysis, and sleep quality of the patients in both groups were compared. The study group exhibited a significantly higher total effective rate compared with the control group (86.67% versus 66.67%). After treatment, both groups showed a significant reduction in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, with the study group demonstrating significantly lower scores than the control group. The Functional Disability Index scores for somatic functioning and social life functioning significantly improved in both groups after treatment, with the study group achieving significantly lower scores compared with the control group. The Sleep-Related Symptom Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores significantly decreased in both groups after treatment, with the study group achieving significantly lower scores than the control group. Acupuncture combined with modified Blood and Vessel Expelling Blood Stasis Tang effectively promotes recovery of neurological function and significantly improves facial paralysis and insomnia in patients with poststroke facial paralysis and insomnia. However, further research is warranted to validate these findings.

Electroacupuncture versus solifenacin succinate for female overactive bladder: study protocol for a multicentre, randomised, controlled, double-dummy, non-inferiority trial

IntroductionOveractive bladder (OAB) affects approximately 500 million people worldwide, with a higher prevalence in women than in men, significantly impacting the quality of life of female patients. Treatment options for...

A - 96 Cognitive Profiles of Patients with Essential Tremor and Parkinson’s Disease: a Comparative Study

Abstract Objective Essential tremor (ET) is traditionally thought of as a pure motor condition1 defined by isolated action tremor. However, research suggests cognitive decline is more prevalent in ET than originally proposed2. Movement Disorder Society guidelines recommend patients with ET and cognitive decline be classified “ET-Plus3”. ET-related cognitive decline may occur through breakdown of prefrontal integrity via frontocerebellar networks. This is similar to frontosubcortical dysfunction in PD, which may result in similar cognitive changes. The present study compared cognitive profiles of patients with ET to PD and healthy controls (HC). Method Data was obtained through Baylor College of Medicine’s Neuropsychology Repository. 51 ET patients were compared to 190 PD patients and 189 age-matched HC. Group differences were assessed with one-way ANOVAs and post-hoc t-tests. Results ET performed worse than HC on multiple cognitive measures including executive functioning, processing speed, and memory. Largest effects were observed on Trailmaking B (p &amp;lt; 0.001, d = 0.93) and Stroop Word Reading (p &amp;lt; 0.001, d = 1.15). ET performed similarly to PD across most measures, although PD performed worse on Logical Memory I &amp; II (p &amp;lt; 0.001, d = 0.57), and Clock Drawing (p = 0.001, d = 0.49). Rates of mild cognitive impairment were similar in ET (45%) and PD (44%). Conclusion(s) Findings suggest cognitive deficits in ET occur in a similar pattern and at a similar rate as in PD. The findings are consistent with research exploring the phenotypic heterogeneity of ET and provide evidence against the prevailing belief that ET is monosymptomatic.

Development and evaluation of a training curriculum to engage researchers on accessing and analyzing the All of Us data.

The All of Us Evenings with Genetics (EwG) Research Program at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), funded to engage research scholars to work with the All of Us data, developed a training curriculum for the Researcher Workbench, the platform to access and analyze All of Us data. All of Us EwG developed the curriculum so that it could teach scholars regardless of their skills and background in programming languages and cloud computing. All of Us EwG delivered this curriculum at the first annual All of Us EwG Faculty Summit in May 2022. The curriculum was evaluated both during and after the Faculty Summit so that it could be improved for future training. Surveys were administered to assess scholars' familiarity with the programming languages and computational tools required to use the Researcher Workbench. The curriculum was developed using backward design and was informed by the survey results, a review of available resources for training users on the Researcher Workbench, and All of Us EwG members' collective experience training students. The curriculum was evaluated using feedback surveys during the Faculty Summit as well as virtual meetings and emails following the Faculty Summit. The evaluation results demonstrated the success of the curriculum and identified areas for improvement. The curriculum has been adapted and improved in response to evaluations and in response to changes to the All of Us data and infrastructure to train more researchers through this program and other scholarly programs.

Sex differences in Helicobacter pylori infection and recurrence rate among 81,754 Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo compare the sex differences of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection rate and 1-year recurrence rate.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on the prevalence of HP infection in 81,754 people who underwent physical examination in physical examination centers and outpatient clinics of the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Zhangye City, Tianshui City Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First and Second Department of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Physical Examination Center, from March 2010 to December 2019. Among them, 53,771 (65.77%) were males (18–91 years old) and 27,983 (34.23%) were females (18–94 years old). According to age, they were divided into young group, middle-aged group and old group. 1448 asymptomatic infected patients were selected and treated with bismuth-containing quadruple drug eradication therapy for 2 weeks. The eradication rate and recurrence rate after 1 year were compared between males and females.ResultsThe overall infection rate was 49.59%, including 49.74% in males and 49.3% in females. The risk of infection in young women was lower than that in men (OR = 0.908, 95%CI: 0.868–0.95, P < 0.01), the risk of infection in older women was higher than that in men (OR = 1.137, 95%CI: 1.041–1.243, P < 0.01). The female infection rate was positively correlated with age from 18 to 60, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was 0.825 (P < 0.01). The overall eradication rate was 84.67% in intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) and 88.46% in protocol analysis (PP). The eradication rates of ITT and PP in the older group were 78.38% and 82.27%, respectively, which were lower than 87.25% and 89.39% in the male group (P < 0.05). The 1-year overall recurrence rate was 3.86%, including 2.82% in males and 5.44% in females (P < 0.05), female was a risk factor for recurrence after eradication after controlling for age (OR = 2.177, 95%CI 1.166–4.066, P < 0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during the treatment.ConclusionThere is a positive linear correlation between HP infection rate and age increase in women. Older women have the characteristics of high HP infection rate, low eradication rate and high recurrence rate.