Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Research Articles

Oil Palm Clinker Potentility for Producing Lightweight Concrete: Compressive Strength, Tensile and Modulus of Elasticity Analysis

Oil palm clinker is formed by burning of oil palm kernel shell and fibrous materials in boiler furnace. The clinker is no longer a bio-material that has changed to inert material likes the crushed brick. Large quantities oil palm clinkers have become a waste and caused disposal problem. It requires extra costs for handling, transportation and finding out suitable the dumping site. Research has been conducted to explore the potentiality usage of oil palm clinker as fine and coarse lightweight aggregates at Universiti Pertanian Malaysia. Mixtures of oil palm clinker concretes were designed, prepared and tested. Mechanical properties of a good mixture of tensile strength, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, creep and shrinkage were satisfied the standard engineering codes of practices. Oil palm clicker concrete was found lighter than conventional concrete, which usually weighs between 2240 and 2400 kg m-3. The means of compressive and tensile strengths were found 30.79 and 3.34 N mm-2 respectively. In addition, the mean of modulus of elasticity was 13.024 kNmm-2. Therefore, oil palm clinker aggregate and concrete are recommended to be used in lightweight reinforced concrete structures.

Sukatan Keterlestarian Ilmu Menerusi Entropi Shannon

Sukatan Keterlestarian Ilmu Menerusi Entropi Shannon Shaharir B.M.Z.; Syamil B.A.S Abstract We argue that the Shannon entropy in the information theory which has also been used in measuring ecological diversity (animal and plant diversities) in a particular chosen area and simultaneously measuring the level of environmental sustainability of the area can be extended to a measuring of knowledge sustainability. This is done by interpreting subfields of knowledge as species of a field of knowledge analogous to the plant or animal species. The presence of a subfield of knowledge is measured through the number of publications in the subfield. A set of data consists of a list of publications in the field of mathematical sciences at INSPEM, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia in 2007 was taken to be a sample (plot). The study shows that the field of mathematical sciences at the university is not sustainable. The result is discussed. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/imjcr.v3n2a6

Essential Oil Constituents of Alpinia mutica Roxb.

The oil of Alpinia mutica Roxb. was produced by hydrodistillation from fresh rhizomes, collected from cultivated plants in Universiti Pertanian Malaysia. The oil was analyzed by GC/MS and 24 components were identified which constituted 87.5% of the oil. The major components of the oil were camphor (35.6%), 1,8-cineole (9.4%) and borneol (8.3%)

The recovery of entomopathogenic nematodes from selected areas within Peninsular Malaysia

AbstractSoil sampling was conducted within Peninsular Malaysia with the aim of recovering entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae). Extensive sampling was performed in the Cameron Highlands, which are climatically distinct from the lowlands, and characterized by lower temperature and humidity. The major areas sampled in the lowlands were at the campus of Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (orchards and plantations), Puchong (secondary rainforest) and along the east coast of the country. Entomopathogenic nematodes were recovered using the Galleria mellonella baiting method. Nematodes were recovered from 10% of the 425 samples assayed. Identifications, using a PCR method, revealed that the 21 identified steinernematids belonged to two different genetic types and that four out of the five heterorhabditids were Heterorhabditis indicus, the remaining heterorhabditid being a new species. The nematodes are currently being screened to evaluate their biocontrol potential for use in Malaysia against foliage-feeding lepidopteran pests of crucifers.

The effect of water activity on modified lipase during esterification.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 799, Issue 1 p. 328-331 The Effect of Water Activity on Modified Lipase during Esterificationa A. B. SALLEH, A. B. SALLEH Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. TAIB, M. TAIB Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. BASRI, M. BASRI Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorK. AMPON, K. AMPON Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.Search for more papers by this authorW. M. Z. YUNUS, W. M. Z. YUNUS Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorC. N. A. RAZAK, C. N. A. RAZAK Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author A. B. SALLEH, A. B. SALLEH Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. TAIB, M. TAIB Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. BASRI, M. BASRI Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorK. AMPON, K. AMPON Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.Search for more papers by this authorW. M. Z. YUNUS, W. M. Z. YUNUS Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorC. N. A. RAZAK, C. N. A. RAZAK Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Pertanian Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb33221.x a This project was funded by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and the Environment, Malaysia, through IRPA Grant No. 1 07 05 086. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume799, Issue1Enzyme Engineering XIIIOctober 1996Pages 328-331 RelatedInformation

Morphological and phenological characteristics of leaf development ofDurio zibethinus Murray (Bombacaceae)

The morphological and phenological characteristics of leaf development ofDurio zibethinus Murray were investigated at an experimental field of Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (UPM) in Selangor. Proportionality was observed in the relations of leaf length to leaf width and of leaf area to the product of leaf width and length. The proportionality was explained from the similarity of leaf shape. New leaves emerged continuously, but the number of new leaves fluctuated seasonally. The emergence of leaves was inhibited by the flower bud formation. In the survival curves of leaves, the relative fall rate was lower at the early stage of leaf development than at the late stage. Leaf longevity of 100 to 133 days was low and leaf expansion period of two weeks was short in comparison with the published data on tropical trees. From the ecophysiological viewpoint, the leaf survival strategy of the present species was discussed: the present species manages to set up a photosynthetic system in a short period by the rapid leaf growth; the lower leaf longevity is advantageous to reaching more frequently high photosynthetic production by newly emerged leaves.

In situ CO2 gas-exchange in fruits of a tropical tree, Durio zibethinus Murray

We examined the in situ CO2 gas-exchange of fruits of a tropical tree, Durio zibethinus Murray, growing in an experimental field station of the Universiti Pertanian Malaysia. Day and night dark respiration rates were exponentially related to air temperature. The temperature dependent dark respiration rate showed a clockwise loop as time progressed from morning to night, and the rate was higher in the daytime than at night. The gross photosynthetic rate was estimated by summing the rates of daytime dark respiration and net photosynthesis. Photosynthetic CO2 refixation, which is defined as the ratio of gross photosynthetic rate to dark respiration rate in the daytime, ranged between 15 and 45%. The photosynthetic CO2 refixation increased rapidly as the temperature increased in the lower range of air temperature Tc (Tc <28.5 °C), while it decreased gradually as the temperature increased in the higher range (Tc ≥28.5 °C). Light dependence of photosynthetic CO2 refixation was approximated by a hyperbolic formula, where light saturation was achieved at 100 μmol m−2 s−1 and the asymptotic CO2 refixation was determined to be 37.4%. The estimated gross photosynthesis and dark respiration per day were 1.15 and 4.90 g CO2 fruit−1, respectively. Thus the CO2 refixation reduced the respiration loss per day by 23%. The effect of fruit size on night respiration rate satisfied a power function, where the exponent was larger than unity.

Recovery of Acacia auriculiformis from fire damage

An assessment of damage and recovery of Acacia auriculiformis in a provenance trial at the Universiti Pertanian Malaysia was undertaken following an accidental surface fire. The results showed significant differences ( P < 0.05) between provenances in their ability to recover vegetatively after being affected by different levels of foliage scorch, with the 1hr. S. Balamuk (16103) provenance being the best. The ability to resprout is possibly a result of the insulating properties of the bark, which protects the dormant buds present underneath it. The results provide a basis of selection of suitable provenances for future breeding for fire resistance and for fire management and silvicultural treatments of this species.

Digestion and nitrogen conservation in cattle and buffaloes given rice straw with or without molasses

SUMMARYUsing [14C]urea, the rates of urea synthesis in the body, excretion in the urine and degradation in the rumen and gut were compared in 20-month-old Kedah-Kelantan cattle and swamp buffaloes at the Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Malaysia in 1987. The animals were fed rice straw or straw plus molasses.The buffaloes were heavier than the cattle and had higher straw and nitrogen intakes, although these intakes did not differ significantly when compared on the basis of metabolic liveweight (W0·75).Rumen pH in the buffaloes was lower, whereas ammonia and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations were higher than in the cattle. Total VFA concentration was lower when the diet contained molasses. Rumen bicarbonate kinetics did not differ significantly between species or diets.There were no significant differences between species in plasma urea concentration, or urea synthesis rate per W0·75, or endogenous urea movement into the rumen per W0·75.The buffaloes consumed more water and discharged twice as much urine as the cattle, but nevertheless excreted less urea per W0·75, and a larger fraction of their endogenously produced urea entered the gut. Movement of urea into the rumen per W0·75 was lower when the diet contained molasses.

Length-weight relationship and relative condition of a Malaysian freshwater catfish, Mystus nemurus Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes, in Chenderoh Reservoir

Aquaculture ResearchVolume 22, Issue 3 p. 373-374 Length-weight relationship and relative condition of a Malaysian freshwater catfish, Mystus nemurus Cuvier & Valenciennes, in Chenderoh Reservoir M. S. KHAN, Corresponding Author M. S. KHAN Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaM.S. Khan, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, 43400 Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.Search for more papers by this authorM. A. AMBAK, M. A. AMBAK Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorK. J. ANG, K. J. ANG Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorA. K. M. MOHSIN, A. K. M. MOHSIN Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author M. S. KHAN, Corresponding Author M. S. KHAN Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaM.S. Khan, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, 43400 Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.Search for more papers by this authorM. A. AMBAK, M. A. AMBAK Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorK. J. ANG, K. J. ANG Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorA. K. M. MOHSIN, A. K. M. MOHSIN Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1991.tb00530.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume22, Issue3July 1991Pages 373-374 RelatedInformation

An organizational approach towards the development of educational computing in a university environment

A strategic approach towards the development of educational computing in a university environment is to match the varying needs of users to the resources available. This may be done through sensitive, cooperative and effective management. A computer policy is needed, which takes into account issues of hardware, software, training, planned development and computer communications, and allows for progress through central planning and acquisition of facilities. This paper describes how successful development in educational computing has been achieved at Universiti Pertanian Malaysia using an organizational approach. This approach incorporates three factors (hardware, software and “peopleware”) into what may be known as “orgware”. It aims to bridge the gap between users and resources through the Management of the Computer Centre.

A field study on the oviposition ofOstrinia furnacalisGuenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on maize in Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract A field study on the oviposition of Ostrinia furnacalis and plant growth stage, plant height, rainfall and larval density at Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang showed that in the field 74% of adult moths preferred to oviposit on the middle leaves as compared to other parts of the plants. Nearly twice as many eggs were oviposited on the lower leaf surface (63%) as compared to the upper (37%). The mid‐whorl and tassel stages were most attractive to adults of generation 1 and 2, respectively. Oviposition was related to plant height, but plants over 200 cm were not preferred. The number of bored holes was a significant predictor of larval density but not egg numbers. Rainfall may be important in influencing moth activity and oviposition, particularly significant in generation 2. The use of this data in planning and timing insecticide application is discussed.

Squamous metaplasia of the oviduct in sows.

Australian Veterinary JournalVolume 63, Issue 3 p. 96-96 Squamous metaplasia of the oviduct in sows A R SHEIKH-OMAR, A R SHEIKH-OMAR Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. JAAFAR, M. JAAFAR Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author A R SHEIKH-OMAR, A R SHEIKH-OMAR Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this authorM. JAAFAR, M. JAAFAR Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02945.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume63, Issue3March 1986Pages 96-96 RelatedInformation

A Survey of Students' Motivation for Learning English

A survey to study the students' motivation for learning English in Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (UPM) was carried out in the second semester of the 1982/83 academic year. The subjects of this study consisted of approximately a thousand students from all the different faculties in UPM who were taking the five English proficiency courses (BB 051, BB 151, BB 251, BB 253, BB 254) and one special English course BB 252. The students' responses were analyzed in terms of frequency distributions; and where appropriate, cross-tabulation, Pearson's product-moment correlation, t-test and multiple range test were also used to establish relationships among some of the factors under study. It is found that UPM students are both integratively and in strumentally oriented in the English language-learning task. In terms of motivational intensity, students from the more advanced English courses seem to be more motivated than those from the lower level or more basic courses. In general, UPM students expressed a strong desire to learn English. Overall, the majority of the students perceived their lecturers as encouraging towards their English language- learning task, as compared to their perception of their parents in the same respect.

Seminar and course on pesticide application technology, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Serdeng, November 1982

Seminar and course on pesticide application technology, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Serdeng, November 1982

Letter to the Editor

Aquaculture ResearchVolume 11, Issue 1 p. 37-37 Letter to the Editor A. J. HAILS, A. J. HAILS Biology Department, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author A. J. HAILS, A. J. HAILS Biology Department, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1980 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1980.tb00281.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume11, Issue1January 1980Pages 37-37 RelatedInformation