Universal Fact Research Articles

Female Genital Mutilation: A Physical Attack on the Basic Human Rights of Young Women

There is no doubt about this universal fact that women across the globe especially young girls have been subjected to harassment and violence since time immemorial in the garb of customary practices and traditions. Mutilation of Female Genitalia (FGM) is also a type of barbaric tradition, blatantly violent and has no ethical and religious basis. It involves all the inhumane procedures relating to the semi or overall amputation of peripheral genital privates or erstwhile forms of harm in female reproductive organs for nonremedial purposes. It has been seen that women around about 200 million globally who had gone through the consequence of FGM and nearly 3.8 million females are at the risk of circumcision. 3 This results in the severe violation of human rights which has been outlined in numerous international human rights documents. Despite all this, FGM is still flourishing globally and Dawoodi Bohras community in India is a prime example of that. Therefore, human right based legislation on FGM is the need of the hour. Hence, in this paper, the researchers have made an attempt to put forward the blueprint of exploitation and violence faced by females in the name of female genital mutilation which not only hampers their individual dignity and privacy, but it also puts a question mark on the so called quest of women empowerment all around the world.

The natural environment in Tabuk, Issues, Challenges, Protection Mechanisms in Islamic Law and Saudi Regulations

This research was based on a universal fact: the impossibility of isolating the natural environment of any region In the world from Its regional surroundings, the harnessed winds and clouds between heaven and earth, and the sending winds that stir clouds that spread them in the sky and then make them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them, evidence of the fluency of the Almighty and the inability of a man to prevent climate changes, and that all he can do is mitigate the effects of these changes.The research was concerned with the statement of several purposes, the most important of which are:1. View the Geoenvironmental map of the Tabuk region from the following aspects: location, area, borders, population activity, terrain, the most important tourist destinations, and the regional ocean.2. Definition of the natural environment and the ecosystem and mention the elements and components of the natural environment from the atmosphere, soil, and energy.3. Highlight the problems and threats to the natural environment with the definition of each problem and the statement of Its effects, focusing in particular on pollution, climate change, and the lack of carbon neutrality.4. Programs and plans that can be taken to confront environmental variables and climate change, where the research proposed nine programs for this confrontation.5. Scientific concept of the terms environment and climate change, the research was concerned with the definition of pollution and mentioned pollutants for air, water, terrestrial soil, and agricultural soil, and the research was also Interested in providing a brief definition of each of environmental degradation, environmental disaster, depletion of Natural Resources, ozone layer, acid rain, sewage treatment, sludge, waste, carbon dioxide, atmosphere, black carbon, global warming, heat islands, desertification, extinction of living, soil drift and dredging, fertilizers, and chemical fertilizers.6. Environmental challenges and risks from the Islamic and systemic perspectives, and within the framework of this purpose, the research is concerned with the following:1) Islamic Sharia view of environmental challenges and risks.2) Systemic/legal view of environmental challenges and risks.3)The totality of environmental challenges and risks, represented by: the ecological imbalance of the planet, the constant decrease in food products, and the deterioration of human, animal, and plant health.7. Mechanisms for the protection of the natural environment from Islamic and systemic perspectives. The research was interested in explaining two main tools developed by the Islamic Sharia for environmental protection, namely: the mandatory and voluntary legislative mechanism, and the executive mechanism included in the guarantee of waste. In his statement about these two mechanisms, the researcher was interested in mentioning the evidence of the necessity of action for each mechanism, he then concluded his speech on the Sharia mechanism by deriving some of the Sharia provisions from the total Fiqh rules that he inferred.In addressing the mechanisms of environmental protection from the Statutory/legal perspective, the research focused on talking about the emerging environmental risks and the extent to which they need mechanisms, policies, and programs to address them, and then listed nine Improvised mechanisms to protect the natural environment of the planet.8. Research was interested in presenting the means and methods adopted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to protect the environment, which varied into two types: international conventions ratified by the Kingdom and became hereby ratified in equality of internal regulations, and the second type is the set of environmental regulations/laws issued by royal decrees, the research dealt with a brief presentation of the following regulations:- The system of conservation of potable water sources.- The system of the Saudi Arabian Agricultural Bank.- Forest and pasture system.- Hunting system for wild animals and birds.- New Environmental Law No. m / 165 dated 19/11/1441 Ah.9. Conclusion has included the most important result and recommendations.10. References and sources

Anxiolytic effects of vestibular stimulation: an update.

The vestibular system inhibits both HPA and SAMaxis and contributes to the management of anxiety. Both direct and indirect pathways exist in the inhibition of the HPA and SAM axis. In this review article, the authors describe various pathways through which the vestibular system can regulate the HPA and SAM axis activity. Lastly, the authors highlight the need of starting translational research work in this field. Rocking is soothing and this is a universal fact that babies in the swing will calm down and sleep. These soothing effects of vestibular stimulation may be due to the inhibition of cortical and subcortical structures. Vestibular stimulation may be able to manage anxiety through its connections with multiple brain areas. There is a need to undertake translational research in this area to establish strong scientific evidence and recommend implementation of the vestibular stimulation in the management of anxiety.

The Kinship and The Political Background of Shakespeare's tragedies: Hamlet and Macbeth

There are so many studies have been written about Shakespeare's plays and life such as Shakespeare's History Plays (1944) by E.M.W. Tillyard, Elizabethan Psychology and Shakespeare (1972) by Ruth L. Anderson, Shakespeare's Philosophical Patterns (1973) by W.C. Curry, (Lal. 1985. P26) and others, but few have been written in the political side of the tragedies, and particularly about the relationship between kingdom and power. This paper is an attempt to cover this area.In Shakespeare's tragedies: Hamlet and Macbeth one notices that the main element of the collapse of the kingdom was the king's kinship but not the king. The political struggle to seize power mainly stands on the military powers, This paper tries to find out the main political, social, and religious factors that lead to political conflict in the kingdoms in Hamlet and Macbeth, the elements of similarity and dissimilarity of the political fight to seize the power of kingship in the two plays and whether this way of political conflict to seize power a universal fact that stick to the nature of kingship and its continuity. The Lahjian Arab poet was right when he advised his Sultan of Lahij saying:“It's said: Do not fear the King but be afraid of his relatives and servants.”

Staging Depth: Eugene O’Neill and the Politics of Psychological Discourse

Staging Depth: Eugene O’Neill and the Politics of Psychological Discourse

베트남전쟁 기억의 히스토리오포티 - 이재갑의 사진으로 서술하는 역사

What Jae-gap Lee is trying to tell through his photos after the Vietnamese War is a narrative of history through memory. Through the exhibition of 〈One War, Two Memories〉 and the photobook of the same name and 〈Historiophoty: A Story of the post-Vietnamese War〉, he presented the discourse of ‘Historyphoty’, a new historical perception presented by Hayden White into concrete history. is described as He says that history does not consist in the systematic description of universal facts, but in the interpretation of various facts as images. Through the exhibition, he summons a ghost to reproduce a certain voice hidden in this silence. In 〈One War, Two Memories〉, Jae-Gap Lee says that the view of Vietnamese War veterans as a slayer and a patriot changes according to the state’s view. The former is from Vietnam and the latter from Korea, but both are based on nationalism. There is no personal history anywhere. Lee Jae-gap focuses on the meaning of the Vietnamese War and presents it as a memory-based storytelling method that appropriately composes according to a single plot.

Delafloxacin-Capped Gold Nanoparticles (DFX-AuNPs): An Effective Antibacterial Nano-Formulation of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic.

New antibiotics are seen as ‘drugs of last resort’ against virulent bacteria. However, development of resistance towards new antibiotics with time is a universal fact. Delafloxacin (DFX) is a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic that differs from existing fluoroquinolones by the lack of a protonatable substituent, which gives the molecule a weakly acidic nature, affording it higher antibacterial activity under an acidic environment. Furthermore, antibiotic-functionalized metallic nanoparticles have been recently emerged as a feasible platform for conquering bacterial resistance. In the present study, therefore, we aimed at preparing DFX-gold nano-formulations to increase the antibacterial potential of DFX. To synthesize DFX-capped gold nanoparticles (DFX-AuNPs), DFX was used as a reducing and stabilizing/encapsulating agent. Various analytical techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM, DLS, FTIR and zeta potential analysis were applied to determine the properties of the synthesized DFX-AuNPs. The synthesized DFX-AuNPs revealed a distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 530 nm and an average size of 16 nm as manifested by TEM analysis. In addition, Zeta potential results (−19 mV) confirmed the stability of the synthesized DFX-AuNPs. Furthermore, FTIR analysis demonstrated that DFX was adsorbed onto the surface of AuNPs via strong interaction between AuNPs and DFX. Most importantly, comparative antibacterial analysis of DFX alone and DFX-AuNPs against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) verified the superior antibacterial activity of DFX-AuNPs against the tested microorganisms. To sum up, DFX gold nano-formulations can offer a promising possible solution, even at a lower antibiotic dose, to combat pathogenic bacteria.

Issues of Proving the Motives for Official Misconduct

The author analyzes the flexibility of the lawmakers attitude to the regulation of the subjective side of public office offences in the corresponding Articles of the Special Part of the RF Criminal Code when determining internal incentives - motives driving the criminal behavior of people: in some cases, their attitude is neutral, in others there are various degrees of specification, and sometimes they use concepts that are similar in their meanings. In both legal theory and the practice of law enforcement, this results in different approaches to understanding the significance of this element in the system of criminal activitys mechanism, and its role not only for crime qualification, but also to proving. As a result, such controversy leads to a lack of a unified position regarding the interpretation and application of norms, and contributes to conflicts in the practice of judicial investigation. The author presents arguments to criticize the position according to which motives or other internal incentives should be eliminated from the necessary elements of the analyzed crimes and believes that the existing approach makes proving harder. The author points out that if the lawmakers do not consider it necessary to include motives or other similar concepts (goals, interests, incentives) necessary for qualification in the criminal law norm, it does not relieve the law enforcement bodies from the obligation to establish this element in illicit activities, since the necessity of proving the subjective side of an action is directly provided for in the norm of Art. 73 of the RF Criminal Procedure Code which regulates the universal facts to be proven. Moreover, regardless of how the criminal law determines motives and goals of the person with managerial functions, even if they are not relevant for qualification, the identification of precise criminal motivation is always key to incriminating a person and establishing all the circumstances of the infringement, including measures undertaken to conceal criminal activities, group and (or) multi-episode activities, etc. At the same time, the analysis of empirical sources allowed the author to conclude that persons responsible for proving proof do not pay sufficient attention to establishing the motives of criminal actions, especially if they are not obvious. The author presents recommendations on filling the existing gaps, including a more precise psychological description of people guilty of official misconduct using the possibilities presented by modern forensic psychological examination that could help determine the motives of the people who use their official powers against the interests of their service.

THE ROLE OF MOTHER’S PROFESSION ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

It is a universal fact that the education and profession of the mother is an essential input for the development of an individual, society, and nation. Mother education and profession provide adequate knowledge, afford important abilities, and develops an appropriate mindset to attain the excessive educational overall performance in their children. This study focused on University-going Students and the impact of professional mothers on their academic achievements. The researchers attempted to find out the association among a mother's profession and the academic performance of the students. The study Determine, whether the association depends on gender or not. However, the area of the study was four public and private universities in Islamabad. The unit of the study was Students from different selected Universities. The questionnaire was pretested on 10 respondents to validate the selected questionnaire. Non-random convenience sampling was used and 195 students from different universities were selected for collecting data. It was a quantitative research study and used a questionnaire for data collection. The data was analyzed through SPSS for descriptive and inferential results. Moreover, the study's major finding is that the mother profession has a positive impact on the academics of the students, especially female students. The major role that influences academics was the mother's involvement which should be further addressed. Keywords: Mothers’ Profession, Academic Performance, University Students

595ICE FALCON: a causation assessment method analogous to, but more powerful than, Mendelian Randomisation

595ICE FALCON: a causation assessment method analogous to, but more powerful than, Mendelian Randomisation

Structures and Procedures in Organising College-based Departmentalised Continuous Professional Development Programmes for the Academic Staff of Selected Colleges of Education in the Volta Region of Ghana

Houses are built on sound footing and foundation to make them withstand any hardship in times of storms and other external challenges. The case of continuous professional development is no exception. Continuous professional development programmes that have sound footing prosper throughout their implementation. It is based on this universal fact that this research was conducted into discovering the structures and procedures that would favour the conduct of continuous professional development at the colleges of education. The research was qualitative with case study design and pooled participants from 4 selected colleges of education in the Volta Region of Ghana. Interviews were employed in gathering data from 4 Principals and open-ended questionnaire used for seeking information from 4 Vice Principals and 12 College Tutors. In the findings, the major structures needed for effective organisation of departmentalised continuous professional development at the colleges of education were functional departmental heads, professional development committee, academic planning and quality assurance committee, functional department, academic board, and proactive college management. In respect of infrastructure, faculty development fund, departmental conference hall, and internal policy in the domain. The procedures discovered include general sensitization about the programme, need assessment or skill and knowledge audit of staff, identification of competent resource persons, sourcing for funds, organizing professional development sections with effective supervision of components of the programme and conduct of post reviews for further planning. It was recommended that all colleges should have functional departments and departmental heads including departmental continuous professional development coordinators that would see to organisation of sessions of the continuous professional development.

Review on Performance Evaluation of Autonomous Healing of Geopolymer Composites

It is a universal fact that concrete is one of the most employed construction materials and hence its exigency is booming at a rocket pace, which in turn, has resulted in a titanic demand of ordinary Portland cement. Regrettably, the production of this essential binder of concrete is not merely found to consume restricted natural resources but also found to be associated with emission of carbon dioxide—a primary greenhouse gas (GHG) which is directly answerable to earth heating, resulting in the gigantic dilemma of global warming. Nowadays, in order to address all these impasses, researchers are attracted to innovative Geopolymer concrete technology. However, crack development of various sizes within the concrete is inevitable irrespective of its kind, mix design, etc., owing to external and internal factors viz., over-loading, exposure to severe environments, shrinkage, or error in design, etc., which need to be sealed otherwise these openings permits CO2, water, fluids, chemicals, harmful gases, etc., to pass through reducing service life and ultimately causing the failure of concrete structures in the long term. That is why instant repairs of these cracks are essential, but manual mends are time-consuming and costly too. Hence, self-healing of cracks is desirable to ease their maintenances and repairs. Self-healing geopolymer concrete (SHGPC) is a revolutionary product extending the solution to all these predicaments. The present manuscript investigates the self-healing ability of geopolymer paste, geopolymer mortar, and geopolymer concrete—a slag-based fiber-reinforced and a variety of other composites that endow with multifunction have also been compared, keeping the constant ratio of water to the binder. Additionally, the feasibility of bacteria in a metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete for self-healing the cracks employing Bacteria-Sporosarcina pasteurii, producing Microbial Carbonate Precipitations (MCP), was taken into account with leakage and the healing process in a precipitation medium. Several self-healing mechanisms, assistances, applications, and challenges of every strategy are accentuated, compared with their impacts as a practicable solution of autogenously-healing mechanisms while active concretes are subjected to deterioration, corrosion, cracking, and degradation have also been reviewed systematically.

Human Dignity Through Action: Transformative Human Rights Education and Social Work

This article explores the need for social action and activism in order to realise and implement human rights. This is done in light of multiple global failures to implement the standards and values explicit and implicit in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and multiple human rights covenants, protocols and programs. The focus of this article is on the need for, and how to teach and learn, for action and activism towards realising human dignity in pre-service and in-service social work programs. Exploring dignity through action is a difficult task. Not only is there no consensus on the meaning of the concept of human dignity, there are also various schools of thought on the ontology of human rights. This article is positioned within the struggle approach of the protest school. Within this approach, human dignity is not understood as a universal fact or as self-evident. It is understood as being enabled through social struggles and activism. The global quest, embraced by both human rights and social work, to combat ongoing poverty, discrimination, racism, violence, oppression and dehumanisation, speaks to the link between human rights and social work. The protection of human dignity has always been central to both. It also speaks to the need to include transformative human rights education, focusing on agency, activism and action, in pre- and in-service education modules for social work professionals.

The Sense of Alienation: Romantic versus Modernist

Alienation is a focus of modernist writing, but it is a universal fact. As a concept to represent the condition of modern humans, it has evolved with time. Marx talks about alienation, but his concept points to basically man’s dissatisfaction with his socio-economic condition, and it indicates the failures of existing systems to satisfy his needs. The concept of alienation is position in the romantic period, but the modernist concept relates itself to the mentalpsychological ills brought about by man’s condition of being face-to-face with an indifferent universe.

Positive effect of glycerol on the stability of immobilized enzymes: Is it a universal fact?

In this paper, the effect of glycerol at different concentrations and pH values on the stabilities of 13 immobilized enzymes has been analyzed. Among the enzymes, we have selected 5 lipases (immobilized on octyl or amino-glutaraldehyde supports), 3 proteases (immobilized on glyoxyl or amino-glutaraldehyde supports), 2 glycosidases, 1 laccase, 1 catalase (immobilized on glutaraldehyde matrix) and one penicillin acylase (immobilized on glyoxyl supports). The effect was completely enzyme-dependent. The results indicate that the stabilizing effect of glycerol is not universal, as in certain cases it produced even some destabilization of the immobilized enzyme (e.g., in the case of ficin extract, a protease). The glycerol effect was strongly concentration dependent (but not always the most significant results were observed at the highest glycerol concentrations), and it also strongly depends on the inactivation pH (at pH 9.0 this agent showed the strongest destabilization effects). Very interestingly, the effect of glycerol on enzyme stability was much dependent on the used immobilization protocol, which determines not only the intensity but even the sense of this effect. Thus, before using glycerol as enzyme stabilizer agent, it is necessary to confirm that the effect is positive for a specific preparation under the specific used conditions.

Language Adaptation of Turkisms in English

One of the most important indicators of the adaptation of Turkic borrowing in English is their allocation in different dictionaries of English (explanatory, etymological, phraselogical), as well as their use in different works of fiction. Linguistic contacts manifest themselves in the interaction of linguistic, cultural and historical factors and represent an essential process in intercultural communication. Turkic lexical elements, actively used in various languages as a language mechanism, require special attention. A comparison of different languages shows that borrowing is a universal fact of language, the linguistic essence of which allows to determine the absolute or relative chronology of their entry into the system of different languages. Turkisms closely related to the lexico-semantic system of the recipient language expands the body of language units of English and other languages, indicating the paths of penetration and the degree of adaptation. This takes into account the patterns of lexical and phonetic potential of the language. Turkic borrowing includes not only Turkic words, but also lexical elements of Arabic and Mongolian, Persian, Tatar, Uzbek, Kazakh origin, which have penetrated English through many Turkic languages and have been reflected in English lexicographic sources. Turkism thus refers to words included in English from Turkic languages or through Turkic languages regardless of the source of the mutual relationship, i.e. words having a Turkic stage in their history.

5V’s of Big Data Attributes and their Relevance and Importance across Domains

“Data is an ocean of Universal Facts”. Big data once an emergent technology of study is in its prime with immense potential for future technological advancements. A formal study in the attributes of data is essential to build robust systems of the future. Data scientists need a basic foot hold when studying data systems and their applications in various domains. This paper intends to be THE go-to resource for every student and professional desirous to make an entry in the field of Big Data. This paper has two focus areas. The first area of focus is the detailing of the 5 V attributes of data i.e. Volume, Variety, Velocity, Veracity and Value. Secondly, we will endeavor to present a domain wise independent as well as comparative of the correlation between the 5 V’s of Big Data. We have researched and collected information from various market watch dogs and concluded by carrying out comparatives which are highlighted in this publication. The domains we will mention are Wholesale Trade Domain, Retail Domain, Utilities Domain, Education Domain, Transportation Domain, Banking and Securities Domain, Communication and Media Domain, Manufacturing Domain, Government Domain, Healthcare Domain, etc. This is invaluable information for Big Data system designers as well as future researchers.

Ways for Peaceful Society in Islamic Law

Every individual is the first unit of the society. Family becomes by living the individuals together and then society becomes by the different family groups. The family happiness and prosperity is based on the individual while the society happiness and prosperity lies on the groups of family. Although the establishment of a peaceful society is essential for the prosperity of the country. It is a universal fact that no country can develop until and unless the existence of peace in any field. Peace is the foremost priority in the development of the country. That is why in the modern world, those countries that are in the race for development, in fact there is peace. Peace is the only way that can lead the people to a successful life, and this is the philosophy that Allah revealed to His Prophet Mohammed fourteen hundred years ago in the last book of the Holy Qur┐’n. Allah says. Translation: And (I grant a) peace in fear. Islam is a peaceful religion, its best examples, we can see, in the practical life of Holy Prophet (SAW). He was the Messenger of Allah (SWT) to convey the message of honesty, piousness, peace, mercy, integrity, and love. He had never done any activity which indicate act of terrorizing, misconduct, racism and violation against humanity. This study was aimed to analyze the basic and essential virtues of Islam for establishment of peaceful society in Islamic Law.

Intracellular pH regulation and sperm motility in the European eel

Sperm activation involves ion fluxes as well as a previous maturation in the seminal plasma, something which has not been studied in depth in marine fish species. pH and potassium are probably involved in sperm maturation and motility in the European eel, as indicated in previous studies. In this work, the absolute intracellular concentration of potassium in European eel sperm has been determined for the first time. In addition, the intracellular pH (pHi) of quiescent eel spermatozoa was determined by two methods (nigericin and null point) that gave similar results, 7.4–7.6. The natural pHi range of sperm samples in the quiescent stage was 7.4–8.0, with no evident relationship with sperm motility. However, a linear correlation was seen between sperm motility and the pH of the diluent or extracellular pH (pHe), as well as between the pHi and the pH of the diluent. The pHi change post-activation in seawater (ASW) depended on the initial pHe of the diluent medium. Activation with ASW induced an internal alkalinization of the cells when the sample had previously been diluted in a pHe < 8.0; an acidification when pHe > 8, and no pHi variation when pHe was 8.0. These experiments indicated that a careful selection of the diluents should be performed before measuring natural pHi changes in sperm cells. Thus, studies on the specific seminal plasma composition of marine fish species are necessary before studying their physiology. Furthermore, our study indicates that intracellular alkalinization is not a universal fact during sperm activation.

Generational Diversity in the Workplace: Psychological Empowerment and Flexibility in Spanish Companies.

Intergenerational diversity is a universal fact in sustainability and today’s work environment. Current studies seek to find differences that exist between these generational groups that coexist, cooperate, and sometimes compete in business organizations. Sixteen focus groups have taken place, four for each generation to find the differences that may exist depending on that group membership. Specifically, the psychological empowerment and psychological flexibility variables have been analyzed, which have already shown their relevance to improve performance. Results show differences between the older generations (BB and Gen X) and the younger ones (Gen Y and Gen Z).