Universal Design Guidelines Research Articles

Identifikasi Penerapan Desain Universal pada M Bloc Space di Jakarta

The revitalization of the Perum Peruri area in Jakarta has changed its image from a relatively closed industrial area completed with its own employee residence into an open creative space designated especially for the millennials. The adaptive-reuse concept was used to prioritize the preservation and conservation of a state-owned heritage asset. The objective of this study is to identify the implementation of universal design guidelines by means of matching the outcome of the revitalization towards the government of the Republic of Indonesia regulation inscribed in Permen PUPR no. 14/PRT/M/2017. This study employs two approaches, a qualitative approach which descriptively matches the revitalization of M Bloc Space towards the regulation mentioned and a quantitative approach by means of distributing questionnaires to gain insights into the users’ perception of the implementation of universal design principles at M Bloc Space. The study shows that there are limitations to universal design implementation due to the design restriction as regulated in the heritage building regulation. It is important to stress that this study does not emphasize on the heritage part of the M Bloc Space development, rather its adaptation toward the needs of many of its users.

Measuring the spatial Acuity of vibrotactile Stimuli: A new Approach to determine universal and individual Thresholds

Tactile perception is an increasingly popular gateway in human–machine interaction, yet universal design guidelines for tactile displays are still lacking, largely due to the absence of methods to measure sensibility across skin areas. In this study, we address this gap by developing and evaluating two fully automated vibrotactile tasks that require subjects to discriminate the position of vibrotactile stimuli using a two-interval forced-choice procedure (2IFC). Of the two methodologies, one was initially validated through a preliminary study involving 13 participants. Subsequently, we applied the validated and improved vibrotactile testing procedure to a larger sample of 23 participants, enabling a direct and valid comparison with static stimuli perception. Our findings reveal a significantly finer spatial acuity for static stimuli perception compared to vibrotactile stimuli perception from a stimulus separation of 15mm onwards. This study introduces a novel method for generating both universal thresholds and individual person-specific data for vibratory perception, marking a critical step towards the development of functional vibrotactile displays. The results underline the need for further research in this area and provide a foundation for the development of universal design guidelines for tactile displays.

A Study on the Development of Universal Design Guidelines for Improving the Use of Beauty Facilities

First, this study examined the theoretical background through analysis of previous studies related to universal design to improve the use of beauty facilities. Second, to find out the necessity of UD guidelines for beauty salons, a survey was conducted on the recognition of beauty salons and the necessity of UD, and frequency analysis and cross-analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0, and the following research results were obtained. As a result of the salon recognition and satisfaction survey, the uncomfortable space of the salon could be identified as the entrance, and the analysis of universal design recognition showed that 220 people (88.0%) were needed for UD in the salon, and the most needed UD in the salon was "stability. Third, expert meetings were held to enhance reliability by forming preliminary UD guidelines for hair salons based on the survey results, related laws, and UD principles, and as a result, they were suggested to install guide signs, safety handles, and braille blocks. Afterwards, supplementation and correction were carried out to finally derive UD guidelines for beauty salons, and through these research results, it is believed that the UD guidelines for beauty salons will be used as basic data for improving the use of beauty salons.

3D 모델링을 활용한 유니버설 디자인 미용실 공간 구현 연구

In a modern society, a concept of universal design, which insists ‘Let people enjoy a safe and equal life without any discrimination!’ has gradually expanded. Under these circumstances, it is time to improve a beauty salon space by applying the universal design (‘Design for All People’, not for a specific group of people only). This study attempted to improve people’s understanding of beauty salon universal design by using 3D beauty salon universal design guidelines which can be used by people from diverse social classes in a safe and equal fashion. For this, based on the beauty salon universal design guidelines developed by the author (zoning, details, laws, recommendations), the space was divided into treatment, shampooing, waiting and counter zones and entrance. The specific universal design was sketched from November 10 to 15, 2022. Using Sketch-Up Pro 2022, Lumion, it was 3D-modeled and rendered, forming each space with universal design. The above results helped beauty service workers have a better understanding of universal design and suggested a way to utilize in practice. It is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data in improving diverse perceptions by granting beauty salon customers an equal right and perception of safety and making beauty service workers aware of human rights and diversity. Furthermore, it might be easy and convenient for people from diverse social classes to visit a beauty salon provided that the government supports the application of university design.

Reviewing the Universal Mobility of the Footpaths in the Centers of Historic Indian Cities through Field Survey

In this research, the condition of universal mobility, in the centers of historic Indian cities, has been critically analyzed. Implementing universal design guidelines (especially universal mobility standards) in the centers of historic Indian cities is comparatively challenging, due to the high-density, ever-increasing population, and organic urban development. The rising number of elderly and specially abled people also add a demographic challenge to universal mobility. The focus of this research is to understand the extent to which universal mobility guidelines can be implemented in the centers of historic Indian cities. The dataset for this research is derived from a field survey of 69 footpath stretches from the centers of 5 historic cities in India, namely Jaipur, Jodhpur, Nagpur, Hyderabad, and Chennai. Footpath stretches in the centers of these historic cities were evaluated based on several factors pertaining to universally designed infrastructure and universal mobility features. Such comprehensive research on universal mobility in footpaths of historic Indian cities has not been previously conducted. The findings of this research indicate the poor condition of universal mobility in the studied areas. Furthermore, the results can be useful for assessing the extent of implementation of universal mobility in the centers of other historic Indian cities.

Accessibility and Ease of Use in Neuromodulation Devices

BackgroundThe utilization of neuromodulation therapy continues to grow as therapeutic indications expand. These conditions often present with comorbid physical, visual, and auditory impairments. Patients with disabilities in these categories may have difficulty operating their devices. Thus, reviewing the accessibility and inclusive design of neuromodulation devices is imperative to ensure equal access for patients of all ability levels. To date, the literature provides little insight into this topic. Materials and MethodsManufacturers of Food and Drug Administration-approved neuromodulation devices in the United States completed our electronic survey to assess neuromodulation device features, universal/inclusive design guidelines, and methods used to make the device accessible to patients with disabilities. ResultsWe assessed 11 devices from seven manufacturers. Of those, there were six spinal cord, two peripheral nerve, and three deep brain stimulators. Of all respondents, 91% used universal inclusive design guidelines. Of the studied devices, 91% have an interface that uses visual feedback, and 82% have an interface that uses auditory feedback. All surveyed devices were reported to have an interface that requires physical handling. DiscussionOur study found that most devices incorporate auditory signals, buttons with raised indentations, speech commands, or other useful features to assist those with visual disabilities. Visual interfaces may be sufficient for a patient with hearing impairment to use all the surveyed devices. However, dual sensory impairment presents a significant limitation in all devices surveyed. Furthermore, the biggest barrier to using neuromodulation devices was physical impairment because all surveyed devices require physical handling. ConclusionsManufacturers have awareness of universal inclusive design principles. However, our study was unable to find a device that is accessible to all users regardless of ability. As such, it is critical to involve universal design principles to ensure that inclusive devices are available to improve patient adherence, treatment efficacy, and outcomes.

Interpreting Universal Mobility in the Footpaths of Urban India Based on Experts’ Opinion

In this research, expert opinions on universal mobility in the footpaths of urban India have been critically appraised. Universal mobility (as a component of universal design) is still a largely ignored urban parameter in India despite an increase of 732.20% in the specially-abled and 105.25% in the elderly between 1911 and 2011. A total of 257 experts from the field of architecture and planning hailing from 66 cities in India were interviewed for this research. It was found that despite nationally implemented universal design guidelines, footpaths in 42.8% of the cities do not have universal mobility. In total, 74.7% of the respondents identify the dimension of the footpath as the most important factor for implementing universal mobility. The results of this study indicate the importance of universal design in improving the quality of life in Indian cities, and how urban local bodies can play a significant role in the process by using Public Private Partnership (hereafter, PPP) models and a new accessibility audit checklist.

Kajian Ruang Kepegawaian Di Gedung Komisi Nasional Disabilitas Dalam Konsep Desain Inklusif

The purpose of the study is to identify the design aspects of working environment based on the experience of people with disability. The first floor of Komisi Nasional Disabilitas (KND) workspace which used by National Commission for Disabilities as its secretariat, will be the priority case of this study. The study examine how to implement the inclusive design concept in the workplace focus on realizing equal opportunities in the implementation of Respect, Protection and Fulfillment of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The research use qualitative approach, include the use of methods such as in-depth interviews, participant observation, architectural and interior elements’ measurement based on Universal Design and Deaf Space principles. Quantitative approach is also applied by using questioners’ assessment for measuring values of environment by way of comparison with the regulations of Universal Design and Deaf Space guidelines. The results shows that personal experience of people with disability plays important role to evaluate their environment. The meaning of inclusive and accessible environment can be vary based on the participants’ interpretation. Yet during the participant observation, the study reveals that the building and interior spaces of KND have not been designed to meet the principles of universal design and deaf space. The participants mostly have done some physical adjustment and spatial/furniture arrangements to meet their personal conditions, needs, and preference to carry out their daily activities independently. In conclusion, this research proposes design parameters from the perspective of the participants elaborated with the principles Universal design and Deaf Space in effort to increase inclusivity for all users.

UbiAccess: an Instrument to Assess System Access in Ubiquitous Scenarios

Abstract Ubiquitous computing has brought new challenges for the design of scenarios for people–technology interactions. Despite considerable research on formal accessibility standards, related work has hardly investigated them in ubiquitous computing contexts. In this work, we investigate means of analyzing accessibility aspects in ubiquitous environments based on two standard instruments: the Universal Design (UD) Principles and Guidelines and the W3C-WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines of the World Wide Web Consortium). Both instruments were applied to the context of socioenactive ubiquitous environments, providing insights into their applicability and shortcomings. As a result of this analysis we constructed UbiAccess, an instrument to evaluate access in ubiquitous scenarios, which combines and extends characteristics of both UD and W3C-WCAG, filling in some of the gaps we identified. The application of UbiAccess to a case study shows the advantages of its use in informing the evaluation of access in ubiquitous scenarios.

ANALYSIS OF THE USABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF WEBSITES IN VIEW OF THEIR UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Universal design is a strategic approach for planning and designing both the products and their environment, aimed at making a given product available to the widest number of possible users. It ensures equality for all of them and the opportunity to participate in the society. This concept is also crucial in the process of designing and developing software. The research was conducted with the use of four services, three of them were implemented for the purpose of this study. Two of them took into consideration the principles of universal design, while the others did not. The aim of the study was verification of the level of usability and accessibility of services by means of three independent methods: the LUT (Lublin University of Technology) checklist, an assessment taking into account WCAG 2.0 (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards using the automatic WAVE evaluation tool (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) and a device allowing to track the movement of the eye while performing various tasks on websites. The websites were assessed by twenty experts in the field of creating web application interfaces, using the LUT checklist. The time to the first fixation (TTFF) that it took respondents to look at specific website elements was measured using the eye tracker device and iMotions software. All websites were checked by means of the WAVE tool to detect irregularities and non-compliance with universal design standards. The analysis performed clearly indicated that websites that follow the universal design guidelines were more useful, intuitive and accessible for users. It might be concluded that interfaces allow to find necessary information and perform desired actions in a shorter time when prepared in accordance with the principles of universal design.

터치스크린 키오스크의 유니버설 설계 지침 개발: 화면 크기 및 화면설계요소를 중심으로

Objective: This study aims to develop universal design guidelines for touchscreen kiosks that can be comfortably used by various users such as wheelchair patients and elderly people.<BR><BR>Background: The use of touchscreen kiosks in customer service has been increased; however, various usability problems with the kiosk have been reported.<BR><BR>Method: A literature survey and expert review were conducted to draft the universal design guidelines for touchscreen kiosks; then, a prototype of the kiosk for a fast-food restaurant was built by applying the design guidelines, and its usability was evaluated by comparing it with an original interface for the kiosk of that restaurant.<BR><BR>Results: The revised kiosk design showed better usability than the original design regarding performance time, number of screen touching, number of mistakes and errors, task success rate, and subjective satisfaction.<BR><BR>Conclusion: The universal design guidelines for touchscreen kiosks are proposed based on the results of the usability evaluation conducted in this study.<BR><BR>Application: The proposed design guideline can be applied to the development of various touchscreen kiosks providing good usability to a wide range of users including wheelchair patients, elderly people, and children.

Integrating Universal Design Standards and Building Information Modeling at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. Universal Design (UD), which is a design that accommodates all people to the greatest extent possible and aging in place design that is deeply rooted in the principles of UD, aim to house people irrespective of their age, ability, and chronic health conditions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) significantly helps advance the development of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in a more collaborative and automated way. Integrating BIM and UD allows designers to incorporate UD standards easily and efficiently at the conceptual design stage of buildings by using the functionalities and capabilities of BIM tools. Therefore, this study presents the development of an automated computer model to facilitate the adoption of UD standards and processes. The novelty highlighted in this model resides in the creation of an automated method that employs a newly created plug-in and databases to assist designers to incorporate UD standards at the conceptual stage in a timely and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the study introduces the methodology consisting of collecting, categorizing, and storing data from various universal design and accessible design guidelines in the developed databases and developing new plug-ins in BIM tool to link the developed databases in order to automate the process of retrieving necessary information and components to help designers and owners select optimal design alternatives based on their predefined criteria.

Home modifications and repurposing: perspectives on the accessibility, affordability, and attractiveness

Purpose Society has progressed in universal design guidelines and assistive devices for individuals with disabilities yet challenges due to affordability and attractiveness concerns remain to incorporate them into existing residences. Repurposing (i.e., replacing or adapting problematic fixtures or spaces, with others not originally intended for that purpose) may be the action to address the concerns of consumers. The purpose of this study was to elicit information on problems and solutions regarding home modifications and identify ways that consumers and professionals implement repurposing, that residents deemed accessible, affordable, and attractive. Methods This convergent parallel design study consisted of focus groups who rated images of repurposed spaces. The focus groups included consumers with functional mobility and visual limitations (n = 8); and professionals who devised or recommended home modifications (n = 8). Participants reviewed three images of home modification solutions and completed a Likert-scale rating based on accessibility and attractiveness. Results Focus group data indicated that high contrast, heights of fixtures, doors, and flooring – all pose threats to accessibility in the home. Consumers placed more value on attractiveness than professionals. Participants were aware and receptive to repurposing as a home modification technique but focused their discussion on adaptations. Conclusion Overall, adoption and implementation of home modifications promote accessibility, but professionals need to consider individualized needs and preferences, before suggesting modifications. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Repurposing existing spaces, features, and fixtures can serve as a method of home modification. Consumer home modification recommendations are perceived to be more effective when collaboratively and individually developed with professionals. Data gathered through focus groups can be valuable for informing practice and research in home modifications.

Universal Mobility in Old Core Cities of India: People’s Perception

In this research, users’ perception towards Universal Mobility in old core cities of India has been critically analyzed. Despite Universal Design guidelines from the United Nations and Union Government of India, old cities in India seldom have Universal Mobility, in effect endangering the lifestyle of senior citizens and differently-abled people. The core of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Kolkata, India, has been considered a case example for this research. This research has considered three types of datasets for analysis. First, the authors interviewed 310 respondents from the Indian design fraternity, with the objective of understanding their opinions on the concept of Universal Design. In the next investigative study of 125 respondents from different wards of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, the purpose was to comprehend people’s perception regarding walkability and mobility in an old Indian city. In the last visual survey of a stretch in Central Kolkata, the focus was on identifying hindrances in Universal Mobility in an old city core of Indian origin. Significant dissatisfaction was found regarding walkability amongst all user groups, which is linked to poor infrastructural conditions. Furthermore, accessing public transportation is difficult due to improper waiting facilities. However, the design fraternity in India suggests the need of separate accessibility guidelines for old and new cities in India. The design fraternity also recommends a customized rating system for accessing Universal Design. The result of this study indicates a need of recognizing the difficulty in imparting Universal Mobility in old core cities in India. This information can be used for preparing an access audit checklist through Architectural Planning, which is the first step in proposing a framework for Universal Mobility in old core cities in India.

Specialty Space: Breast Care Centers.

As background, breast care centers around the world vary in interior design based on geographical location and the trends of the healthcare design process at the time of construction. However, at the forefront of healthcare interior design is the evidence-based design (EBD) process and the Universal Design (UD) guidelines. The Center for Health Design states that the EBD process differs from the linear design process, in that EBD uses relevant evidence to educate and guide the design decisions. The objective of this study was to support future EBD and UD use in the development of patient areas in breast care center interior design. The methods for this study incorporated an extensive review of the literature, examples of eight breast care centers around the world, observations, an interview, and a staff survey concerning the interior design of a local breast care center. The results revealed that using the EBD process and UD, to develop guidelines for patient areas in breast care centers' interior design, directors could use guidelines to evaluate existing breast care centers or preconstruction for new breast care centers. This study concluded with design guidelines for patient areas in breast care center interior design. The recommended guidelines targeted the following features: robes (vs. hospital gowns), spa-like atmosphere, monochromatic color scheme, use of wood and stone, private check-in areas, wayfinding, room temperature comfort, seating comfort, seating style choices including bariatric, personal items storage, access to natural light, indirect artificial lighting, living plants, views of nature, flooring comfort, and wheelchair accessibility.

Functional Limitations and Barriers to Care Influence the Likelihood of Adherence to Mammography Guideline.

Objective: In this study, we examined the influence of having a functional limitation (FL) on the likelihood of adherence to mammography guidelines, as well as the potential moderating role of barriers to care on this relationship. Methods: Women aged 50-75 years from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey were assessed for FL and barriers to care as predictors mammography screening prevalence using weighted logistic regression. Results: Of 5627 women, most were without FLs (56%), Caucasian (81%), with at least a high school education (62%), married (63%), had a usual source of care (97%), and reported barriers to care (9%). Compared to women without FLs, those with FLs were less likely to adhere to mammography guidelines in the past year. Endorsement of the items, Could not get through on the phone, Not open when you could go, and No transportation negatively moderated this association (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.60, 95% Cl [0.59, 0.60], AOR = 0.54, 95% Cl [0.54, 0.55], and AOR = 0.32, 95% [0.31, 0.33], respectively). Conclusions: Improving the ability of women with FLs to schedule appointments that will suit their functional needs within universal design guidelines may improve compliance.

An Empirical Study of Accessibility to Multi-shopping Mall for The Mobility Impaired

The aim of this research is to provide empirical evidence for accessibility to commercial spaces for the mobility impaired. To be specific, field study and experimental study on stroller and wheelchair users’ access to major facilities of multi-shopping mall through public transportation were conducted. The study methods are as follows: first, this study investigates legal compliance of facilities for the mobility impaired, based on a field investigation; second, this study examines the practical usability of the relevant facilities for ordinary persons, stroller users and hand-operated wheelchair users respectively. The study results are as follows: first, convenience facility installation manuals for the disability and universal design guidelines were relatively well applied to multi-shopping facilities; second, it was empirically proven that although it was not impossible for the mobility impaired to approach multi-commercial facilities, it was very inconvenient and unreasonable. The mobility impaired had poor travel distances and travel times, compared to ordinary persons; third, in relation to access to multi-shopping mall, there was a lack of practical considerations for stroller users. In addition, there were many studies and regulations for wheelchair users, but stroller users are in the blind spot and many users must endure the irrationality.

Smart Accessibility: Design Process of Integrated Geospatial Data Models to Present User-Customized Universal Design Information.

Environmental accessibility information measured by universal design guidelines does not exist in a form that can be effectively implemented as a geospatial database. Thus, this study explored the design process of a smart accessibility data model that integrates geospatial data with environmental accessibility information in a mixed indoor/outdoor environment. First, a typology of accessibility information integrated with universally designed geospatial information was identified, and a field experiment was conducted to observe components of the built environment and environment-behavior interactions during travel in a sightseeing area of Seoul, South Korea. The analysis found that each user group, namely people with mobility impairments, visual impairments, or hearing impairments, had different barriers, and facilitators in the environment. Certain barriers for one group could work as facilitators for another, and vice versa; also, some components previously classified as facilitators failed to actually fulfill that function. Additionally, the user groups demonstrated different prioritization of spatial attributes. The findings of the field study were organized in the data model as priority information and weighted values according to user group. The smart accessibility data model developed in this study has implications for designing user-customized multimodal systems, such as wayfinding services and web-based maps, that are useful to everyone, regardless of their ability or age. Furthermore, it increases the users’ decision-making power to plan a trip and can exert invisible pressure inducing physical improvements in the areas that lack accessibility, through visually displaying accurate information on the physical environment.

Evaluation of Sustainability on Indonesia Historical Streets

Sustainable development mandates a user friendly design. Universal Design is sustainable concept that aimed to facilitate full range of human diversity. The evaluation based of universal design on built infrastructure can suggest more sustainable, functional and user-friendly environment. One of main infrastructure is streetscape. This study examined three historical streets of Indonesia. This study aimed to examine and compare the Indonesia cases using sustainable universal design guidelines. The research methods of this research are comparison study, site observation, and GIS-based mapping. The results of this study are: Indonesia historical street cases are averages; the local street regulations need to be improved; and the urgency of user oriented design on next improvement

Review of Design Trends in Lighting, Environmental Controls, Carbon Dioxide Supplementation, Passive Design, and Renewable Energy Systems for Agricultural Greenhouses

The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in greenhouse design to find the leading design practices that lower the carbon and energy footprint. This paper is based on a comprehensive review of existing literature regarding design trends in lighting, environmental controls, carbon dioxide supplementation, passive design features, and renewable energy for agricultural greenhouses. A systematic review of existing literature on the design trends in lighting, environmental controls, carbon dioxide supplementation, passive design features, and renewable energy options for agricultural greenhouses has been presented. This systematic review provides a platform for universal greenhouse design guidelines to help promote urban agriculture and ensure food security for cities.