Unitary Style Research Articles

Architectural Opus of Momir Korunović in Dalmatia and Kvarner (1928-1939)

As a state architect in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (since 1929 the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), who built about ninety buildings of various purposes on the territory, Momir Korunović (1883-1969) has left a tangible creative mark in Croatia. Besides one built and one unstructured Orthodox Church in continental Croatia, he designed four public buildings on the Adriatic coast, in the areas that belonged to the Savska and Primorska Banovina, out of which two were realized. Modestly adjusted to the architectural tradition and climate, his works in the Adriatic area did not differ significantly from the work he completed in other parts of the multinational state. Anti-modern and conservative, they contain elements of the Yugoslav unitary style (projects of the Main Post Office in Split and Student Dormitory in Šibenik), and the national style of the Orthodox churches on Vis and Sušak. For a more significant architectural result on the Croatian Adriatic coast, Korunović obviously needed to go one step further and more fully adapt to local conditions and cultural tradition. However, he was not ready for that, because in his creative consciousness he fixed a conservative matrix of neo-medieval style in the early twenties and enriched with deposits of post-secession and expressionism, which from 1928-1929 affected the promotion of integral Yugoslav ideology.

Cornel Țăranu – The Symphonics of the New Millenium. Part I –Programmatic orchestral works

Abstract The present study sets out to analyze and to present the main aspects of composer C. Țăranu’s symphonic works in the 21st century. The fourteen symphonic works composed from 2005 to 2018 represent an important contribution to the contemporary symphonic landscape. Due to the extremely extensive material, I divided the work in two parts: in the first one, I presented the symphonic works with historical-cultural references and in the second part the concertante works for the saxophone and the symphonies themselves. To the diversity of chosen there themes corresponds an enormous variety of means of expression in which we detect the permanence of a complex post-serial “post-Enescian” language of synthesis of the most innovative compositional procedures of the 20th century, with essences of ancient Romanian or universal music. The conclusions include a synthesis of the strategies of musical dramaturgy, comprising common elements of language that configure composer C. Țăranu’s original, unique and unitary style in the seven symphonic works on display.

THE DECORATIVE DESIGN IN BRANCOVENIAN PAINTING (THE PAINTING DURING THE REIGN OF CONSTANTIN BRANCOVEANU)

The Brancovenian style characterizes the art, the architecture and the plastic arts from Wallachia, during the reign of Constantin Brancoveanu (1688-1714). The Brancovenian art is a type of art that has an eclectic spirit. In the Moldavian architecture, it adds Gothic influences over the Romanian and Byzantine structures, at which it has been added Oriental and Reinaissance elements, especially Baroque ones. Out of this complex combination, it emerges a Romanian and unitary style, known as the Romanian Baroque. In Brancovenian art, the decorative design or the ornament has a crucial importance, first of all, due to its journey to the easiest visible architectonic land, and, second of all, due to its enrichment and diversity. The ornament is now adapted to the architectural space through the settlement of the fitomorphus decorations in the exterior painting, and, in the interior painting through filling empty spaces with combined friezes from vegetal elements. A new direction in the evolution of the ornament is its shift from merely decorating architectural buildings to decorating the background of the paintings. Afterwards, the ornament is highly encountered on background objects, especially on thrones where holly persons were put and in the decoration of the clothes belonging to saints or founders (henefactor). During this period, the ornament has a crucial importance in painting. The space of the elements that, until recently, was filled only by the shaping light or colour, is now receiving decorations. Thus, the clothes of the characters inspired from the paintings originating in Crete, are enriched by ornaments with vegetal elements, and influenced by the Western Baroque. By studying the plastic and stylistic analysis, we can observe the fact that the ornament has the role of decorating the background surfaces, phenomenon encountered in the tradition of Byzantine painting, and it is introduced in the pictural field, establishing a certain relationship with the inner pattern of the respective elements. Thus, Brancovenian painting manages to create a synthesis between East and West, becoming unique and imposing itself as a personal style of the Romanian-Byzantine painting to universal art. Keywords: art, Brancovenian painting, ornament, decorative element

A Boundary Assembling Method for Chinese Entity-Mention Recognition

A boundary assembling (BA) method is presented for Chinese entity-mention recognition. Given a sentence, instead of recognizing entity mentions in a unitary style, the authors' BA method first detects boundaries of entity mentions and then assembles detected boundaries into entity-mention candidates. Each candidate is further assessed by a classifier trained on nonlocal features. This method can make better use of nonlocal features and effectively recognize nested entity mentions. Using the ACE 2005 Chinese corpus, the authors' experimental results show an improvement over state-of-the-art techniques, outperforming existing methods in F-score by 5 percent for entity-mention detection and 4.23 percent for entity-mention recognition.

Abuse of Rights: The Continental Drug and the Common Law

This Article deploys a comparative approach to question a widely shared understanding of the impact and significance of of rights. First, it challenges the idea that of rights is a peculiarly civilian invention, absent in the common law. Drawing on an influential strand of functionalist comparative law, the Article identifies the functional equivalents of the doctrine in the variety of malice rules and reasonableness tests deployed by American courts in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century in fields as diverse as water law, nuisance, tortious interference with contractual relations, and labor law. The Article investigates the reasons why in the United States, contrary to continental systems where rules limiting a malicious or unreasonable use of one's right coalesced into a unitary category of abuse of rights, these rules remained largely nonintegrated. Rationalization of these nonintegrated reasonableness tests and malice rules, I argue, was achieved by means of a novel, unitary style of reasoning, hardly fitting the traditional portrait of nineteenth-century Classical orthodoxy, rather than by means of conceptual integration. Further, the Article suggests that of rights' potential as a tool for social reform was consistently defused. In the United States, rarely and timidly did courts deploy malice rules to effect progressive distributive outcomes. And even when they did, they invariably resorted to the individualistic language of modern private law.

In the Pursuit of Basic Principles of Social Psychology

Psychological Inquiry 1997, Vol. 8, No.4, 342-359 Copyright 1997 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. BOOK REVIEW ESSAYS ON HIGGINS AND KRUGLANSKI’S SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: HANDBOOK OF BASIC PRINCIPLES In the Pursuit of Basic Principles of Social Psychology Jeffrey W. Sherman Department of Psychology Northwestern University Steven J. Sherman Department of x Indiana University Writing a review of Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles, edited by Higgins and Kruglanski, is a daunting task. First is the sheer size of the book—nearly 1,000 pages. Second, and more impor- tant, the 1,000 pages do not read like War and Peace: no plot, no linear story line, and no beginning or end. As an edited volume, the book consists of a collection of chapters by different authors. These chapters vary in content from hormonal influences on emotions to cul- tural factors in social interaction, from cognitive prin- ciples to group dynamics principles to evolutionary principles. As is typical of edited volumes, the various authors rarely refer to the content in other chapters, and no explict attempt is made to integrate the chapters or to analyze any converging themes, overlaps, parallels, similarities, or differences among them. In a sense, each chapter stands alone as a presentation and an analysis of its own topic. With this in mind, questions asked in most book reviews are somewhat irrelevant here. Does the book have a coherent perspective? Is an organizing principle evident‘? Is it structured appropriately and integrated in its presentation? Is it written in a flowing and engaging and unitary style? Does the book have an evenness? Are the major points clearly articulated and do these points serve to organize the book? With a sin gle—authored text dealing with a circumscribed content, we could analyze whether the area was treated fully and completely, whether the history and development of the area were covered accurately, and whether some novel perspec- tive or creative approach to the issues in the area had been achieved. Issues of interpretation, substance, in- novation, and uniqueness can easily be raised in a review of the traditional single—authored text, but not here. So what are we as reviewers to do? One approach is to simply summarize and briefly evaluate each of the 28 chapters. That would entail about half a manuscript page per chapter-~c1early insufficient for these full and rich chapters and far too boring for both the readers and the reviewers. The Principle of Basic Principles Fortunately, despite the fact that this is an edited volume without explicit integration of the chapters and without cross—referencing among chapters, the book does have an implicit underlying theme——-a basic ap- proach to the field that serves as a framework and guiding strategy for each and 3‘-cry chapter. As the editors note in the preface, the overall purpose is to provide a presentation and an understanding of a wide range of basic principles that underlie human social behavior. These principles, represented at all levels of analysis from the biological to the cultural, are to be articulated in each chapter and to be comprehensively analyzed. The text is thus different from most edited volumes in looking for global principles that underlie different, and seemingly unrelated, social psychological phenom- ena, rather than focusln g on the phenomena themselves. Each chapter is supposed to represent a domain that is at the same time broad and yet uniform enough to allow for the articulation of a fundamental principle. The idea is that readers will get the “big pictureq of the domain of each principle, including historical background, em- pirical support, and significant conceptualization. A profoundly important implicit theme for this text is that these underlying principles are envisioned as cutting

Political Science in the United States: The Discipline and the Profession

WRITINGS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE FREquently deal with either the discipline or the profession. There is also a tendency not to relate political science to national and international political, intellectual and educational developments. In this article political science is treated as a discipline and a profession and viewed to a more significant degree than is usually the case as the dependent variable rather than as an independent one. Although political science in the United States is being dealt with, and the emphasis is upon the post- 1945 period, it is worth remembering that the ‘content and style of political science in any country is no less international in character than it is national. At the very least differences in national styles (as well as content) are a function of international styles as the latter are mediated by national factors’. There is in the United States neither a single school of political science nor a unitary style or content.