Unique Prints Research Articles

ՀՀ ԳԱԱ Հիմնարար գիտական գրադարանի «էդգարյան» հավաքածուն

The "Edgaryan" collection of the Fundamental Scientific Library of NAS RA needs to be valued first of all from the point of view of the history of printing. Includes old printed books, early prints and the printed materials until 1920 that form the basis of this collection. Many of the existing printed books (we will examine the periodicals, handwritten notes and seals in the future publications) are considered unique prints, because they are either missing in other Armenian libraries, or damaged copies have been preserved. The study of the collection made it possible to complete the bibliographic data of a number of books, to find such editions that were described with asterisks in the union bibliographic lists of Armenian books.

Monoprint: an opening up of ‘printness’?


 
 
 This paper concerns monoprinting processes and the prints that emerge from them. Historically, the monotype holds the title of the only printing process to result in single, unique prints, whereas monoprints are “unique impressions that derive from the variable treatment of a matrix that also has some fixed, repeatable inscription on it” (Roberts, 2017 p.26). These terms are now generally used interchangeably, and for this discussion, I will use the term monoprint to encompass all unique prints, including the monotype, and one-off prints emerging from screenprinting, lithography, etching and relief processes.
 
 

A snapshot on some everyday actions of a Middle Pleistocene hominin: the Trackway B at the Devil's Trails palaeontological site (Tora e Piccilli, Caserta, Central Italy).

This report aims to give notice of and provide a more detailed dataset and detailed remarks on what can be considered a one-of-a-kind hominin fossil walking pattern: Trackway B of the Foresta ichnological site (Tora e Piccilli, Caserta, Central Italy). Although the site is known since 2003, only recently has the study been performed by means of the newest photogrammetric and experimental techniques of collection, analysis and interpretation of ichnological data. The results obtained enable us to depict an astonishing movie printed in rock, describing some body features and common moments of the everyday movements of a hominin who lived about 350 ka. In particular, some up-to-now absolutely unique fossil prints of body parts of a Pleistocene hominin (calf, ankle, and gluteus), which have simply been mentioned in the ichnological fossil record, are here quantitatively described for the first time. The data coming from this research will provide scientists with new valuable elements thus far undetected anywhere else in the world.

Cheiloscopy: A tool for antemortem identification

Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim to explore the authenticity and evidentiary value of imprints of the lips for any peculiar pattern regarding specific gender so that it could be used as a reliable tool in the identification of an individual at the crime scene. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 500 (248 females and 252 males) randomly selected dental students with age ranging from 18 to 30 years. Lip prints were recorded with the help of a cellophane tape strip and analyzed according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Results: The most predominant pattern in the entire study population was found to be Type I in females and Type III in males with highly significant statistical values. It was also demonstrated that no two lip prints were found to match each other which proves that every individual has unique lip prints. This uniqueness can further help in personal identification. Conclusion: Cheiloscopy or lip print analysis can be used to identify an individual and place him/her at the crime scene. It is an important antemortem tool which may aid in justice to the victim.

Сокровища коллекций усадьбы «Мураново»

The State Tyutchev Memorial estate «Mouranovo» keeps unique paintings, drawings and prints collections as well as photographs and daguerreotypes depot, furniture, porcelain, old-fashioned clocks and lamps. There are lots of rare books and massive memorial archives in the museum. The target part of the museum pieces is made by Russian and European masters in the 18"1 - early 20"´ century. The article is dedicated to the great collections at the museum storage and exposition, it explores their provenance and forming according to the museum departments and chronology.
 
 The collection of the museum is unique not only with the pieces but with the donators who have been supplementing the collection till nowadays. The basement of the collection is the Tyutchevs heritage, personal collection of the last successor of the heritage and at the same time the fist director of the museum - Nicolay Tyutchev, and donations of the Tyutchev and the Boratynsky heirs. Supplements in 1960s and 1980s are marked by the names of the famous literary critics and collectors of the Soviet time. There were lots of museum friends who tried to keep the special atmosphere of a unique «nest of the gentry» of the 19"1 century and literary place in Mouranovo. Having priceless archives from the Tyutchevs the Museum became a research institution, which keeps and studies manuscripts ofFeodor Tyutchev, Eugeny Boratynsky and members of their families. The article is dedicated to the main structure of the Memorial Archive - one of the most valuable part of the Mouranovo collection and some unique pieces from other five departments of the museum. The main part of the text is an the overview of the collections made in different times by members of museum scientific staff, who have worked or are working at the moment in «Mouranovo»: Inna Korolyova, Svetlana Dolgopolova, Tatiana Goncharova, Natalia Belevtseva, Vera Malutina, Oksana Goncharova.

Identifying Authors by Phonoprints in Their Characters’ Names: An Exploratory Study

AbstractIf authors put words together in ways that can be recognized as wordprints (; ; ), do they put sounds together in identifiable ways when they invent names? Could they have unique sound prints (phonoprints) as well? This exploratory study compared phonemic patterns of fictional names in the poorly written Manuscript Story by Spalding and the extremely well-written Lord of the Rings and related works by J. R. R. Tolkein with names from an authentic public record, the nineteenth-century US Census. Phonotactic probabilities were determined using a calculator (Vitevitch and Luce, 2004) available on the Internet. When multivariate patterns of mean phonotactic probabilities at each ordinal phoneme position were considered, phonoprints emerged that merit further examination.

FTIR, Raman and XRF identification of the image materials in turn of the 20th century pigment-based photographs

Artists at the turn of the 20th century experimented with a wide range of photographic techniques to create complex and unique prints by processes that are difficult to fully identify. FTIR, both in transmission and ATR, Raman spectroscopy and XRF were applied to characterize and identify the materials and processes used in photographs from the period in which pigment-based techniques were employed alone or superimposed to others such as platinum. FTIR in the transmission mode and ATR acquired in the high image density areas of the images allow to characterize the organic components in the photographic colloid, and the analysis of the low image density areas gives vibrational information about the organic compounds used for sizing the paper substrates. Raman spectroscopy allows the identification of the pigments, while the chromium-containing compounds, such as chrome alum used to size the paper substrates and the compound/s that chromium forms with the oxidized organic component in gum print images, were found to be below the detection limit of the technique both in samples prepared strictly following historic recipes and in hundred year old works of art. The advantages and limitations of the multitechnique approach used to identify and differentiate gum prints are discussed.

Detection of Visible and Latent Fingerprints Using Micro‐X‐ray Fluorescence Elemental Imaging*

Using micro-X-ray fluorescence (MXRF), a novel means of detecting fingerprints was examined in which the prints were imaged based on their elemental composition. MXRF is a nondestructive technique. Although this method requires a priori knowledge about the approximate location of a print, it offers a new and complementary means for detecting fingerprints that are also left pristine for further analysis (including potential DNA extraction) or archiving purposes. Sebaceous fingerprints and those made after perspiring were detected based on elements such as potassium and chlorine present in the print residue. Unique prints were also detected including those containing lotion, saliva, banana, or sunscreen. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential for visualizing fingerprints by MXRF on surfaces that can be problematic using current methods.

Second Supplement to Kirishitan Bunko

Since the publication of Kirishitan Bunko1) and Supplement to Kirishitan Bunko2) the number as well as the ownership of Kirishitan documents have undergone great changes. Not only have the Kirishitan collections of the Taihoku (Formosa) and Keijo (Seoul, Korea) Universities been lost to the Japanese, but also a good many private collections have been sold altogether or at least in part. That the rich stocks of J. L. Thompson & Co., Kobe, and of the Maruzen Company, Tokyo, should have been disposed of in the meantime is but natural, but that some lovers of books were compelled to sell their cherished treasures is indeed most regrettable. On the other hand, it is almost a miracle that scarcely any important Kirishitan document in Japan has fallen prey to the airraids. Unfortunately, however, two of theI most valuable and extremely rare (though not unique) prints of the Jesuit Mission Press in Japan have been destroyed at Mfanila in 1944-5, whereas two unique Manila prints were saved from the ravages of the war. Nearly all Jesuit prints in private possession have changed or are changing hands in this country, but discretion does not as yet permit to indicate the new owners. The same applies to a good many other valuable items disposed of under financial stress. Not a few of the books in the stocks of J. L. Thompson & Co. have been acquired by the Tenri Library, but the whereabouts of the majority of the Maruzen stock could not be ascertained. The Sophia Collection has purchased the following items: K.B. (Kirishitan Bunko) 141 (Maruzen Catalogue-M.C. n.71), 196 (M.C. 13), 251 (M.C. 122), 258 (M.C. 76), 269 (M.C. 139), 278 (M.C. 140), 284 (M.C. 156), 288 (M.C. 158), 290 (M.C. 77xi),