Unilateral Axial Myopia Research Articles

Outcome of Refractive IOL Exchange in Traumatic Unilateral Axial Myopia

Outcome of Refractive IOL Exchange in Traumatic Unilateral Axial Myopia

Arachnoid cyst accompanied by proptosis and unilateral high myopia

An 8-year-old boy presented with proptosis of the left eye. On ophthalmic examination,unilateral axial elongation of the left eye was evident.Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an arachnoid cyst in the left middle cranial fossa, which expanded the bone and deformed the posterolateral wall of the left orbit. The lesion was observed with serial examinations and reviewed by a neurosurgeon and a radiologist. After 6 months of follow-up, there was no progression of the cyst. We believe this is the youngest reported case of an arachnoid cyst associated with isolated proptosis in the setting of unilateral high myopia. Neuroimaging should be considered in cases of prominent or progressive proptosis in the context of unilateral axial myopia in order to detect other possible etiologies.

Gastric secretion of platelet activating factor and precursors in healthy humans: effect of pentagastrin.

The release of platelet activating factor (PAF-ACETHER or PAF) and its precursors in the gastric lumen was assessed in 13 normal subjects in basal condition and after stimulation by gastrin. Acid, pepsin, and sialic acid outputs were determined under the same conditions. Gastric juice was collected using a nasogastric tube after overnight fast in basal condition for 60 minutes, then under pentagastrin infusion (6 micrograms/kg/hr for 60 minutes). Platelet activating factor was detected at low concentration in 4/13 subjects under basal condition (mean (SEM) 1.2 (0.6) pg/hr) while high concentrations of lyso platelet activating factor (6.1 (1.8) microgram/hr) and of alkyl-acyl-glycerophosphocholine (AAGPC) (11.5 (3) micrograms/hr) were found in 13 and 11 subjects, respectively. Platelet activating factor was not detected during pentagastrin infusion, while lyso platelet activating factor and alkyl-acyl-glycerophosphocholine were detected in 13 and in 12 subjects, respectively. Compared with the basal condition these platelet activating factor precursors increased significantly (p < 0.001) going up to fivefold baseline (31.8 (6.8) micrograms/hr and 53 (9.3) micrograms/hr respectively) in response to pentagastrin. There was a positive correlation between platelet activating factor precursors and acid or pepsin output but not between platelet activating factor precursors and sialic acid. As sialic acid may be considered an index of mucus glycoprotein degradation, it seems that gastrin stimulation of gastric epithelial cells results in a concomittant secretion of platelet activating factor precursors, acid, and pepsin irrespective of mucus glycoprotein degradation.

Mature cataracts in eyes with unilateral axial myopia

Seven patients with unsuspected unilateral axial myopia developed a cataract in the longer eye. Vision deteriorated in all cases between the ages of 40 and 55 years. Bilateral axial length measurements were necessary for the diagnosis and revealed a difference of 4.5 mm to 6.7 mm between the two eves. Five cases had a mature cataract and had extracapsular cataract extraction; surgery restored isometropia, improved the visual acuity to 20/200 or better, and enlarged the field of vision. All patients were amblyopic in the cataractous eye.

Monocular Axial Myopia Associated with Neonatal Eyelid Closure in Human Infants

We studied eight infants who developed unilateral axial myopia associated with neonatal eyelid closure. Clinical findings and ultrasonographic biometric measurements suggested that axial elongation of the eye may occur as a result of neonatal eyelid closure, a finding similar to that for experimental myopia produced in neonatal animals after eyelid fusion. Early treatment of eyelid occlusion in the neonate may prevent axial myopia and subsequent anisometropic amblyopia.