The sensitively detection of malachite green (MG) is very important because it is a low-cost and effective fungicide and insecticide in the aquatic industry. In this study, the gold nanorods (Au NRs) are prepared and incorporated into Eu-poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) films in a simple and convenient way. The Au NRs embedded Eu-PMMA films reveal a significant and uniform luminescence enhancement due to the LSPR effect of plasmonic nanostructures. Based on the enhanced luminescence, the sensitive and single droplet (<10 μL) detection of malachite green is achieved through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between Eu and MG. The detected lowest concentration for MG is reduced from 0.01 mg L-1 to 0.001 mg L-1. Further more, the Au NRs embedded Eu-PMMA films as the platform exhibits the excellent recyclability and stability, which not only reduces waste but also enhances the platform’s environmental friendliness. This work not only provides an enhanced fluorescence for the detection of MG, but also provides a novel strategy for the design of fluorescent sensor toward different biomolecules.