Uniovular Twins Research Articles

Fetus papyraceous with successful outcome of other twin at term

: In multiple gestations, Fetus papyraceous is a rare obstetric complication, the occurrence of which in twin cases is 1 in 12,500. It may be associated with elevated maternal and foetal complications, including death caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation and organ damage.: To record a case of uniovular twin pregnancy in the early third trimester with one twin foetus papyraceous, and pregnancy continued until term with a good outcome of co-twin survival.: A 25-year-old Gravida 2, Para 1, Living 1 woman with a previous usual vaginal delivery and twin pregnancy with Fetus papyraceous was referred to our hospital at 39 weeks for healthy institutional delivery.: she was admitted and induction of labour done with stripping of membrance and watched the progression of labour along with strict maternal and fetal monitoring. She was monitored by serial ultrasounds with doppler, coagulation profile throughout the pregnancy once the fetus papyraceous was diagnosed which was showing with in normal limits. She delivered vaginally of an alive healthy male baby of birth weight 2.5kg with APGAR score- at 1min-8 and at 5min-10.: Routine ultrasound testing with improved training and the use of modern ultrasound machines with good resolution are needed for the detection of multiple gestations. This would allow for early detection of papyraceous foetuses during pregnancy, potentially avoiding obstetric complications and lowering the risk of mortality.

In situ embedding dual-Fe nanoparticles in synchronously generated carbon for the synergistic integration of magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery.

In situ incorporating versatile magnetic iron nanoparticles into ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) by means of synthetic methodology for functional integration is a great challenge. Inspired by the phenomenon of uniovular twins in nature, a homometallic [Fe9(μ3-O)4(O3PPh)3(O2CCMe3)13] ({Fe9P3}) cluster was synthesized and used as the ovulum to in situ produce dual-Fe nanoparticle (γ-Fe2O3 and Fe(PO3)3)-functionalized OMC (dual-Fe/OMC). In vitro magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies showed a longitudinal relaxation (r1) and transverse relaxation (r2) of 9.74 and 26.59 mM−1 s−1 with a r2/r1 ratio of 2.73 at 0.5 T. The MRI performances were further examined by mouse model with a subcutaneous HeLa tumor. In addition, the low cytotoxicity, considerable loading capacity and delivery of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) were also studied in vitro. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the concept of uniovular twins in the one-pot preparation of dual-Fe/OMC for functional integration.

INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEMISE OF CO-TWIN IN MULTIFETAL PREGNANCY

Intrauterine twin gestation with demise of one of the foetuses pose anxiety in the mind of obstetrician, patient and the relatives. It is an uncommon complication of uniovular twins having monochorionic placenta. Fetal demise in the first half of pregnancy does not have adverse effect on the mother. Surviving co-twin is at risk of development of growth restriction, cerebral encephalomalacia and microcephaly. We present a case of 32 weeks of twin gestation with intrauterine fetal demise of one baby with hypofibrinogenemia and gestational hypertension. She was successfully managed with good maternal and fetal outcome.

Prune belly syndrome in uniovular twin: a new finding or a case of improper documentation of data? Short report

A case of Prune Belly Syndrome associated with High Anorectal Anomaly and Unilateral Lung Cyst occurring in a uniovular twin is hereby presented. The twin brother has no clinical evidence of congenital anomaly in any system. We therefore ask; is this a new finding or a case of improper documentation of data. Keywords : Prune Belly Syndrome Uniovular twins. Tropical Journal of Medical Research Vol. 10 (2) 2006: pp. 26-27

Identical twins with mental retardation, dysarthria, progressive spastic paraplegia, and brachydactyly type E: a new syndrome or variant of Fitzsimmons-Guilbert syndrome?

We report on concordantly affected female identical twins with mental retardation, dysarthria, progressive spastic paraplegia, and brachydactyly type E. The most similar condition reported is the syndrome described by Fitzsimmons and Guilbert in uniovular twins characterized by progressive spastic paraplegia, dysarthria, brachydactyly type E, and cone-shaped epiphyses. During the last 11 years a report of only one other patient with this syndrome has been published; hence, its phenotypic delineation may be only partial. Although our patients might expand the phenotypic spectrum of this syndrome, they may represent a new disorder.

OCCASIONAL REVIEW: Twin‐Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Intraamniotic Pressure Measurement in the Assessment of Volume Reduction at Serial Amniocenteses

EDITORIAL COMMENT: We accepted this paper for publication because we consider it contains important information on management of patients with acute polyhydramnios. However the editorial committee considers that there is still doubt regarding how commonly fetofetal transfusion is the aetiological mechanism of the acute polyhydramnios syndrome seen in uniovular twins. We have reviewed the clinical data of the 13 cases reported by Steinberg and colleagues(A) with a particular emphasis on the haemoglobin discrepancies between the twins and whether or not the polyhydramnios was associated with the recipient twin. The findings were that there were only 4 cases where there were haemoglobin measurements performed on both twins; in only 2 of the 4 was the difference more than 4 g/dL and in both cases the smaller twin had a higher haemoglobin value. In 1 of the cases the haemoglobin values of the twins were 5.5 and 9.8 g/dL respectively and the smaller twin had the higher haemoglobin value; there was polyhydramnios in both sacs. In the other case where there was a haemoglobin discrepancy of more than 4 g/dL the smaller twin had the higher haemoglobin (20.7 g/dL) and the larger twin had a haemoglobin value of 16.6 g/dL and only this larger twin had a polyhydramniotic sac. It seems to us that the mechanism of acute polyhydramnios may not be the same in all cases and it is not proven that fetofetal haemorrhage is a convincing explanation for all cases. One of the problems in elucidating the problem is that these patients are often incompletely documented because of stillbirth or uncertainty as to whether the small or large twin occupied the polyhydramniotic sac. Summary: Two cases of severe twin‐twin transfusion syndrome are described. In both, serial amniocenteses were followed by resolution of the disordered inter‐twin haemodynamics with 4 intact term survivors. In all reports to date of aggressive reduction with or without successful outcome, volume reduction has been dictated by subjective or semiquantitative ultrasonic estimates of liquor volume. With the use of intraamniotic pressure estimation we describe a more rational basis for the removal of these large volumes of amniotic fluid.

Urticaria Pigmentosa in Monozygotic Twins

Urticaria pigmentosa (UP) is a cutaneous form of mastocytosis that usually occurs sporadically in childhood and generally improves by adolescence. A large number of UP cases have been reported in the literature, but familial cases are rare. In fact, the disease has been reported in fewer than 50 families. Among familial cases, two pairs of dizygotic twins (discordant for UP), four pairs of monozygotic twins (discordant for UP),^1,2and eight pairs of monozygotic twins^1,3and a pair of monozygotic triplets (all having UP) have been described. We describe a ninth set of uniovular twins who were concordant for UP. <h3>Report of Cases.</h3> A pair of 16-year-old twin girls were seen owing to widespread trunk lesions. The lesions were fixed, pink-brown, maculopapular, and round to oval and/or polymorphous; they varied in size from 2 to 10 mm and were distributed over the trunk (<i>Figure</i>) and neck. The palms, soles,

The ultrasonic aspects of polyhydramnios.

SUMMARYIn a consecutive series of 250 patients with polyhydramnios, there were 242 patients with chronic and 8 with acute polyhydramnios. The incidence of fetal abnormality in association with chronic polyhydramnios was 18.4% (49 patients); 64% of these abnormalities had features recognisable by ultrasonography but only 28% could have been positively diagnosed by plain radiography. Acute polyhydramnios was associated with uniovular twins, and 2 of the 10 infants were malformed. This study demonstrated that ultrasonography has a greater diagnostic role than radiography in the patient who presents with polyhydramnios.

Discordance of Congenital Bilateral Anorchia in Uniovular Twins: 17 Years of Observations on Growth and Development

We have reported observations of growth and development made over a 16-year period on a subject who suffered bilateral congenital anorchia and his uniovular twin brother. The anorchic individual was treated with oxandrolone for a period of 3.6 years prior to the testosterone replacement therapy. The oxandrolone therapy produced a significant increment in the height age without excessive gain in bone age. At the age of 20.9 years the anorchic twin is 5.4 cm taller than his normal twin. Other differences observed between the twins reported here include the following: the anorchic subject had longer extremities, greater biacromial and biiliac distances and a smaller penis than his normal sibling. Oxandrolone therapy does appear to modify the ultimate height in children.

An Unusual Complication in a Twin Pregnancy — Umbilical Cord of Twin 2 Around the Neck of Twin 1

Summary: A case of uniovular twin pregnancy is described in which the cord of twin 2 around the neck of twin 1 was clamped and cut soon after delivery of the head of twin 1, thereby creating an unusual obstetric emergency.

Studies on personal identification by means of lip prints

1. 1. No lip print showed the same pattern in the investigation of 1364 Japanese subjects (757 mates and 607 females) 3–60 years old. 2. 2. The observation of the lip prints of 49 pairs of uniovular twins resulted in the finding that although the lip print patterns of the uniovular twins are duplicate, in detail no two of them are exactly identical. 3. 3. The lip prints of the same individuals were investigated every month for three years to see whether the lip prints are permanent or not. None showed any change throughout this period. 4. 4. Because they may have the same qualifications as finger prints, lip prints are considered to be a new important area of use in criminal search and genetic studies.

Observations on the epidemiology of simple hypospadias.

A descriptive epidemiological study of simple hypospadias-that is, hypospadias without coexisting malformation outside the genital system-in a birth population of 46,927 singleton males and 1,013 twin males showed that the condition was significantly more common (P < 0.001) in uniovular twin males than in either singleton or binovular twin males. Also the temporal distribution of dates of conception had a significant cyclic pattern for each year of the study. Both observations are thought to support the view that gonadotrophin levels at stage 3 sexual organogenesis play an important part in normal masculinization of male external genitalia.

Maintenance of a low level of sex chromatin in one of uniovular twins.

When the level of sex chromatin in a newborn female remains as low as 2-8% after the first few days of life, some genetic disorder may be involved.A clinical case is presented where only one of MZ twins appears to be affected.

Uniovular Twins Discordant for Cutaneous Mastocytosis

Urticaria pigmentosa occurred in only one member of a pair of uniovular twins observed at 22 years of age. The twin without skin lesions had neither clinical or roentgenologic evidence of systemic mastocytosis, nor elevation of 24-hour urinary excretion of free-histamine and mucopolysaccharides. Previous articles described six pairs of uniovular twins concordant for cutaneous mastocytosis and one pair of uniovular twins in addition to two pairs of fraternal twins discordant for this condition. Our patient with urticaria pigmentosa differed from the affected uniovular twins by later onset and persistence of lesions.

Uniovular twins discordant for cutaneous mastocytosis

Uniovular twins discordant for cutaneous mastocytosis

Bilateral superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome. Occurrence and spontaneous recovery in one of uniovular twins.

Bilateral superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome. Occurrence and spontaneous recovery in one of uniovular twins.

Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and juvenile myxedema in uniovular twins

The fibrous variant of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is described in monozygotic twins presenting in childhood with myxedema. Circulating antithyroid antibodies were found in the sera of the twins and their mother. An almost identical histopathology characteristic of the fibrous variant of Hashimoto's thyroiditis was demonstrated in the biopsy of the thyroid glands of the twins. The significance of hereditary factors in the pathogenesis of this disease and of juvenile nongoitrous myxedema caused by chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis during childhood are discussed.

Cryptorchidism in uniovular twins.

SUMMARY Four pairs of uniovular twins are described, in which one or both members presented with cryptorchidism. The existing literature is discussed in the light of recent trends in diagnosis and treatment. A plea is made for the further study of cryptorchidism in twins, especially with regard to fertility in adult life and to assist in the understanding of the aetiology of this condition. I would like to express my gratitude to the Consultant Staff of St George's Hospital, London, and the United Norwich Hospitals for their permission to investigate and report upon their patients.

Monozygotic Twins With Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Disease)

THE ETIOLOGY of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) is unknown. The theory that an autoimmune process is related to its pathogenesis was advanced by Roitt and co-workers 1 when they demonstrated several types of antibody against the thyroid in the sera of patients with this disease. The finding of thyroid antibodies in the relatives of patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis 2 has suggested to some the possibility of genetic mechanisms acting in its causation, and the diagnosis of the disease in several members of the same family is considered compatible with this theory. Interest in this question of genetic predisposition increased with the demonstration of the disease in monozygotic female twins. Five sets of identical twins with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis have been reported in the world literature. 3-6 A sixth pair is now described. Report of Cases A pair of 65-year-old female uniovular twins have been followed up for the

Chromosome studies on spontaneous abortions

1.1. Chromosome studies were performed on the abortuses from 15 cases of induced abortion and 35 cases of spontaneous abortion.2.2. Of the 15 cases of induced abortion, one embryo was found to be a Mongoloid male, 47XY, trisomy G.3.3. Of the 35 cases of spontaneous abortion, there were 20 second trimester abortions. One of these, a uniovular twin with multiple malformations, was a 46/48 mosaic, there being an extra member of the D and G groups in the hyperploid cells.4.4. There were 15 cases of first trimester abortion, and 5 of these had an abnormal karyotype—one trisomy E, one 46XX/45XO mosaic, 2 cases of trisomy A, and one double aneuploidy involving groups D and E.5.5. Chromosome anomalies occur most commonly in first trimester abortions, particularly in association with empty chorionic sacs.6.6. From a review of chromosome studies on 400 cases of spontaneous abortion reported in the literature, the most common abnormal findings are autosomal trisomy (40 cases), triploidy (23 cases), and X monosomy (20 cases).7.7. Spontaneous abortion associated with trisomy occurs most commonly in older maternal age groups.8.8. Sex chromosome analysis has been reported in 327 cases of spontaneous abortion, excluding cases of polyploidy. One hundred and twenty-seven had XX, 135 and XY, and 20 had XO sex chromosome complement.