Understanding Of Social Policy Research Articles

Pandemia, crise e expropriações: auxílio emergencial e contradições da focalização

This article aims to bring elements to the discussion of the health crisis based on the criticism of the capitalist crisis, of expropriations as a permanent process in the capitalist production mode, and its intimate relationship with the contradictions unleashed by the Covid-19 Pandemic. It also presents a synthesis of emergency aid and discusses the limitation placed by the focus of social policies as a tendency to the lack of social protection. This is an essay with a literature review based on historical and dialectical materialism. Thus, we adopted Marxist criticism to analyze the crisis and understand the consequences of the health crisis, investigating recent processes of expropriation of social rights. The discussion is also based on an understanding of social policy as a contradictory component of the State action for the reproduction of the working class, aiming at presenting a brief review of the incidence of the focalist path in the Brazilian social policy, as well as the paradoxes that it restores in a scenario of destruction of the fragile Brazilian social protection system.

Uwagi o genezie polskiej polityki społecznej – perspektywa krakowska

Polityka społeczna w sensie praktycznym oznacza działalność państwa, samorządów i organizacji pozarządowych lub innych organizacji, której celem jest wyrównywanie drastycznych różnic socjalnych między obywatelami, dawanie im równych szans rozwoju i asekurowanie ich przed skutkami ryzyka socjalnego. Z kolei polityka społeczna w sensie teoretycznym to nauka o praktycznej polityce społecznej. Geneza polskiej polityki społecznej rozważana jest w kontekście przypadającej w 2018 roku setnej rocznicy odzyskania przez Polskę niepodległości. Prezentowany szkic obejmuje kształtowanie się tej polityki w teorii i praktyce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem środowiska krakowskiego. Na treść artykułu składają się punkty o następujących tytułach: 1. Wokół rozumienia polityki społecznej; 2. W Krakowie u progu niepodległości; 3. Początki nauki o polityce społecznej; 4. Katolicyzm społeczny i myśl liberalna w Krakowie; 5. Konkluzja – pytanie o antropologię. Wśród krakowskich reprezentantów chrześciańskiej myśli społecznej, wpisującącej się w naukę o polityce społecznej, zostali odnotowani ks. Kazimierz Zimmermann (1874–1925) i ks. Jan Piwowarczyk (1889–1959). Natomiat wybrani przedstawiciele myśli liberalnej to: Ferdynand Zweig (1896–1988) i Adam Heydel (1893–1941). Kraków ma również wspaniałe osiągnięcia na polu realizacji zadań, które należą do praktycznej polityki społecznej. U jej genezy znajdują się m.in. inicjatywy księcia biskupa Adama Sapiehy (twórcy Krakowskiego Biskupiego Komitetu Pomocy dla Dotkniętych Klęską Wojny) czy św. brata Alberta – Adama Chmielowskiego (świadczącego pomoc ubogim).

The ambiguity of social return policies in the Netherlands

AbstractSocial procurement policies, which aim to create employment opportunities for vulnerable groups, such as the long‐term unemployed and the disabled, have become increasingly popular in recent years. Despite their growing popularity, empirical research on this topic is limited. Combining insights from the social policy and public administration literatures, we explore the development and implementation of “social return” policies by the Dutch government. These policies are a form of social procurement that require private employers to spend a percentage of public tenders to hire individuals far removed from the labor market. Social procurement appears, by definition, to be a form of social investment. However, our analysis of the ideas underlying its use in the Netherlands suggests that significant contradictions exist, with evidence of neoliberal New Public Management tendencies, social investment, and the more recent form of public administration, New Public Service. Using extensive document analysis of parliamentary documents, discussions and evaluative reports from 2008 to 2014, we reveal the tensions inherent in the Dutch approach and discuss possible implications for our understanding of social policy and administration as well as social protection.

BELEDİYELERİN SOSYAL POLİTİKA UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME: MALATYA BELEDİYESİ ÖRNEĞİ

The1980s with the phenomenon of globalization has brought the debate over decentralization. Globalization is reshaping public administration. The globalization process is strengthening local governments. Local governments in the process of globalization, democratization in addition to providing administrative efficiency and economic efficiency are also important tools. New management with an understanding of social policy in the context of local government is seen to have changed. This process of change in our country as well as the local administration and public management policies and social policies affect local governments. Municipalities, they have to fulfill a very important role and responsibilities are equipped with. In this study of municipalities in Turkey, their role and responsibilities in the implementation of social policy are discussed. Examples of studies carried out as part of the Municipality of Malatya were examined. In this context, Malatya Municipality, social services, social assistance, education, health and housing services to be analyzed within the framework of their activities were studied. According to the findings of the study, they were installed on the implementation of the social policy of the municipalities has increased duties and responsibilities. Services provided over the years has experienced a significant increase. In contrast, there have also been some decline in social services. The reasons for this decline has tried to put forward. They have been brought against a number of solutions. More effective and efficient ways to deliver services have been sought.

Inklusion als Zielpunkt einer modernen Sozialpolitik

Abstract Following the logic of constitutional economics a market economy is not legitimized by its efficiency, but by the agreement of individuals on a specific economic and political order. Consequently, it is plausible that individuals will agree on such orders, which guarantee to a large extent participation in societal life. In the current sociological theory and political practice this aspect is centred in the discussion of “inclusion”. In our paper we will discuss inclusion and its possibilities and constraints in regard to the economic system. We will show that a modern understanding of social policy is an essential and indispensable part of a modern society that will focus on inclusion as its main criterion of legitimization.

Modernity and the state: East, West

Clause Offe, one of the most insightful contemporary theorists of society and politics, has contributed greatly to our understanding of social policy and the odyssey of advanced capitalism in the late twentieth century. and the State, a dozen essays written over the last decade, develops his earlier lines of interest and extends them to the new societies emerging in Central-Eastern Europe.Offe frames the essays by suggesting that the key question for analyzing present-day Western democracies is, Who is in charge? He traces the recent problems of almost all political leaders to four factors: the end of the Cold War, borders that are increasingly porous, postmodern social and political trends that make it increasingly difficult to form long-standing coalitions, and the loss of clear-cut work categories of the sort that once made collective action feasible.The essays are divided into four parts. Modernity and Self-Limitation explores the contradictory relationship between modernity and liberty and the possibilities of renewing civil society so as to alleviate this contradiction. State Theory: Continuities and Reorientation applies the concepts and categories developed in the first part to recent policy debates over deregulation, market orthodoxy, and the most effective forms of democratic practice. The Politics of Social Welfare, the heart of the book, explores the extent to which market outcomes must be accepted (in the name of efficiency) or corrected (in the name of justice and equity). The New East argues that the issue of balancing and correcting market outcomes is as central and contested in the new market economies of Central-Eastern Europe as it has always been in the West, and that the success of democratization will depend on the extent to which the operation of the labor market is mitigated by appropriate structures of social security.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOCIAL POLICY: CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

Three reasons exist for undertaking a comparative study of social policy: there is no other way of evaluating and increasing understanding of social policies; through its study, a wide range of policy options for tackling particular problems become known and understood; policy makers can learn lessons from others' experience with particular policies. Conceptual and methodological issues raised by comparative study are briefly studied. All study is in fact comparative. As a field of study becomes more theoretically explicit and sophisticated it becomes more explicit and self‐conscious about some important comparisons. The development of comparative social policy indicates a growing theoretical awareness of the need for certain types of important comparisons. In time it is expected to disappear as a separately designated aspect of “the study of social policy”. The study of the field of social policy brings the kind of knowledge produced by the so‐called social sciences into sharp relief.

Public opinion and the privatization of welfare: some theoretical implications.

The social policy of the Thatcher government is characterized by an abrupt shift in the direction of the private sector. To what extent does this reflect what people want? The Institute of Economic Affairs conclude from the only suitable national opinion survey that such a move is strongly supported. Our reanalysis of their data shows that this strand in public opinion can coexist with, and need not contradict, an equal public enthusiasm for state welfare. Such results have important implications for our understanding of social policy. We conclude, therefore, with a discussion of contrasting marxist and liberal accounts which seeks to show that the evidence of ambivalence in popular attitudes about the welfare state supports particular developments in theory.