Understanding Of Grammar Research Articles

Factors Contributing to English Fluency Paucities among Secondary Level Students: Perspective Dinajpur Education Board, Bangladesh

This study examines the factors contributing to English fluency paucity among secondary-level students in the Dinajpur Education Board, Bangladesh. Despite the prominence of English as a global language, students in this region face significant challenges in achieving fluency. The research identified key factors such as inadequate teaching methods, lack of exposure to English outside the classroom, limited access to English learning materials, socio-economic barriers, and insufficient emphasis on speaking and listening skills in the curriculum. Data was collected through surveys, interviews, and classroom observations, involving both students and teachers. The findings suggest that while students possess a basic understanding of English grammar and vocabulary, their ability to use the language in conversational settings remains limited. Furthermore, socio-cultural attitudes towards English and insufficient teacher training also play a role in hindering fluency development. The study recommends improvements in curriculum design, teacher professional development, and the promotion of interactive English language learning environments. Addressing these challenges could significantly enhance students’ fluency and better prepare them for academic and professional opportunities.

Strategies for Enhancing ESL Writing Proficiency: Insights from a Pre-University Educational Setting

Mastering the art of writing is a crucial life skill that requires time and consistent practice. It is essential for students who are learning English as a second or foreign language, as it is an essential skill that opens up countless opportunities for learners to express themselves effectively through various forms of writing. Whether writing essays, emails, or social media posts, strong writing capabilities can significantly benefit students in today's interconnected world. In addition to being practical, writing also helps enhance critical thinking skills, as learners must carefully and logically organize their ideas and arguments to communicate effectively. Writing also fosters creativity and encourages students to explore innovative ways to express their thoughts and ideas. By practicing writing skills, students can better understand how to connect their ideas coherently, which can help them in other areas of their academic and personal lives. Furthermore, writing can also help improve vocabulary and spelling, as learners are challenged to find the best words to convey their message. It also helps students develop their understanding of English grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure, which can improve their overall communication skills. Ultimately, mastering writing skills empowers students to engage in meaningful conversations, share their knowledge, and become valuable community contributors. This study aims to identify why pre-university students struggle with their writing skills and provide recommendations to improve teaching methods for writing English skills. The objective is to help pre-university students overcome difficulties related to writing skills in English, which will equip them with the skills they need to succeed inside and outside the classroom. Received: 9 March 2024 / Accepted: 26 September 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

수학 학습 촉진을 위한 애니메이션 자료 제작 연구: 파이썬 라이브러리 Manim을 기반으로

Objectives The purpose of this study is to propose guidelines for producing animation materials as a way to help students understand the characteristics of mathematics and mathematical concepts and principles, and to in-troduce Manim, an effective mathematics animation material production tool. Methods We investigated animation production principles that can be helpful in the math animation production process, and applied them to already produced math animation materials to find out their suitability as math ani-mation production principles. In addition, the scope of GeoGebra's animation implementation functions, which are used in the production of mathematical materials, was confirmed, and the possibilities of supplementing the limi-tations of various functions revealed here were explored through Manim. and we looked at the process of produc-ing animation materials using Manim and the results. Results As a result of analyzing whether the animation production principles adopted and applied are valid for the production of mathematics animation materials, we found some requirements that should be modified and sup-plemented from the perspective of mathematics education, and derived improved guidelines for the production of mathematics animation materials. GeoGebra, one of the production tools, has an animation composition func-tion, but there were limitations in its implementation functions, such as setting text condition input and repeating the target hiding operation. In comparison, although Manim requires an understanding of basic Python grammar, it was found to have great advantages in producing mathematical animation materials, such as intuitive com-mands, convenient property change function, free expression ordering, and various animation effects. Conclusions Previous animation production research has not sufficiently considered the abstract nature of math concepts. accordingly, the need for improved guidelines that cover the expression of mathematical concepts, and the use of formulas as the main object of animation has emerged. GeoGebra has limitations in its animation com-position function, so the need for it is increasing along with the expansion of new mathematical animation material creation tools that go beyond that function. accordingly, it was confirmed that Manim, which uses simple com-mands as an alternative production tool, is a very specialized tool for creating mathematical animations.

Unlocking English Grammar: Insights from Fes High Schools in Morocco

The instruction of grammar is a critical element of the curriculum that all English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) instructors must integrate into their courses. Grammatical education presents a significant challenge within the English curriculum due to the frequent struggles both students and instructors face with its rules. Nevertheless, it is essential for students to possess a comprehensive understanding of grammar, as a strong grasp of the language they use is crucial for enhancing their communication abilities. Teachers provide grammar instruction specifically to improve their students' writing skills, and for a long time, grammar education has been regarded as a fundamental prerequisite for the appropriate use of language. This paper examines the most frequently employed methods for grammar instruction. The investigation aims to identify the most common errors committed by ESL students through interviews with educators, analysis of survey results, and observations of classroom activities. The primary goal is to help students overcome these challenges while also enhancing their understanding of the errors they have made.

Microscopic Origins of Flow Activation Energy in Biomolecular Condensates.

Material properties of biomolecular condensates dictate their form and function, influencing the diffusion of regulatory molecules and the dynamics of biochemical reactions. The increasing quality and quantity of microrheology experiments on biomolecular condensates necessitate a deeper understanding of the molecular grammar that encodes their material properties. Recent reports have identified a characteristic timescale related to network relaxation dynamics in condensates, which governs their temperature-dependent viscoelastic properties. This timescale is intimately connected to an activated process involving the dissociation of sticker regions, with the energetic barrier referred to as flow activation energy. The microscopic origin of activation energy is a complex function of sequence patterns, component stoichiometry, and external conditions. This study elucidates the microscopic origins of flow activation energy in single and multicomponent condensates composed of model peptide sequences with varying sticker and spacer motifs, with RNA as a secondary component. We dissected the effects of condensate density, RNA stoichiometry, and peptide sequence patterning using extensive sequence-resolved coarse-grained simulations. We found that flow activation energy is closely linked to the lifetime of sticker-sticker pairs under certain conditions, though the presence of multiple competing stickers further complicates this relationship. The insights gained in this study should help establish predictive multiscale models for the material properties and serve as a valuable guide for the programmable design of condensates.

The Analysis of Arabic Learning Error in Student of Madrasah Tsanawiyah

This study examines grammatical (nahwu) and morphological (shorrof) errors in Arabic essays by secondary students, aiming to identify and categorize these errors and their causes. It also proposes pedagogical interventions to improve Arabic language instruction by enhancing both theoretical understanding and practical application of linguistic rules. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews with supervisors, teachers, and students, as well as classroom observations and document analysis of student essays. The analysis followed the Ellis-Huberman framework: data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Results revealed that student errors stemmed from limited understanding of grammar, interference from their mother tongue, and insufficient practice. Teacher-related factors included inadequate feedback and insufficient opportunities for practice. These issues hindered students' mastery of Arabic. The study recommends a combination of theoretical and applied exercises. Theoretical exercises help students grasp linguistic rules, while applied exercises improve writing skills. More frequent feedback and diverse teaching methods are also suggested to enhance learning outcomes. This research introduces a dual approach, integrating theoretical and applied exercises, offering valuable insights for improving Arabic language education at the secondary level.

The Role of Mother Tongue and Its Impact on Learning English Grammar at Elementary Level A Case Study of District Karak

The mother tongue plays a vital role in facilitating the understanding of English grammar, making it easier for students to grasp complex concepts. Its use in teaching can bridge linguistic gaps, leading to more effective language acquisition. Therefore, the current study investigates the role of the mother tongue (L1) and its impact on learning English grammar, particularly Tenses, at the elementary level in District Karak. The main objective was to examine how using the native language, Pashto, affects students' understanding of English grammar. The research was experimental, employing a pre-test and post-test equivalent-groups design. Two groups of students were formed: an experimental group, taught using a combination of the target language (English), national language, and mother tongue, and a control group, taught exclusively in English. Students were assigned to these groups based on random sampling, ensuring balanced placement. The findings revealed no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test results of the control group, while the experimental group showed notable improvement in their post-test scores. The study recommends incorporating the mother tongue in English grammar instruction at the elementary level and suggests similar investigations in girls' schools.

Inovasi Pembelajaran Nahwu dalam Kurikulum Bahasa Arab Modern

The research examines innovations in nahwu learning in modern Arabic curricula, with the aim of improving student understanding and engagement. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, involving the study of literature, document analysis, and interviews with Arabic education experts. Research findings show that the use of digital technologies, such as interactive learning applications and e-learning platforms, as well as the development of contextual teaching materials, significantly improved students' understanding of Arabic grammar by up to 30%. Student involvement also increased sharply by 50% when the learning methods used were more interactive and relevant to their lives. In addition, teachers responded positively to these innovations, with a 25% increase in positive responses. The results of this study underline the importance of adaptation in teaching methods to keep up with technological developments and the needs of modern students. Successful implementation of innovation requires the support of educational institutions, adequate training for teachers, and the development of sustainable learning resources. The research concludes that innovation in nahwu learning is effective in improving the quality of Arabic language education and must be continuously developed and widely applied to optimal results.

The impact of kahoot-based formative assessment on student learning outcomes at a Junior High School in Samarinda

This study explores the impact of using Kahoot! as a formative assessment tool on student learning outcomes in English at SMPN 22 Samarinda. The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-test measures on Class VII-7 B. Findings revealed that Kahoot! significantly improved students' understanding of English grammar, particularly tenses. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, showing a notable increase in student achievement post-intervention. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating technology like Kahoot! in the classroom to enhance learning. Recommendations for future research and teacher strategies are also provided.

Penggunaan Tata Bahasa Netizen Dikolom Komentar Instragram Yang Membicarakan Tentang Pemilu 2024

Abstract This study aims to investigate the use of netizen grammar in the Instagram comment section discussing the 2024 Election issue, with a focus on language style, conversational patterns, and their impact on public opinion and the democratic process. Employing a qualitative approach, data for this research were collected through direct observation of netizen comments on Instagram. When netizens engage in communication about political issues like the 2024 Election, the grammar they use plays a crucial role in shaping how messages are conveyed and received. This study highlights several common grammar mistakes that may occur, such as spelling errors, improper punctuation usage, and the use of impolite language. For instance, the use of "hati2" instead of "hati-hati" and inconsistent capitalization in "Pak" when used in a context of respect. Analyzing these grammar errors not only aids in understanding how netizens communicate online but also demonstrates their potential impact on public opinion. For example, grammar mistakes can diminish the quality of the message conveyed and influence how it is perceived by readers. Through specific examples, such as errors in sentences expressing prayers for a candidate, this study illustrates how grammar mistakes can reduce communication effectiveness and lower the quality of online discussions. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of consistency in using formal language in political contexts. Formal language not only reflects politeness in communication but also strengthens public trust in the messages conveyed. Therefore, by improving understanding and practice of correct grammar, it is hoped that online political discussions can become more productive, meaningful, and constructive. The benefits of this research also extend to identifying grammar errors that can affect perceptions of political figures or issues discussed in the context of the 2024 Election. By gaining a better understanding of the dynamics of political communication on social media, it is also possible to enhance public participation in the democratic process. Overall, this study seeks to provide insights into how netizen grammar in Instagram comment sections can influence interactions and public opinions on sensitive political issues. Thus, this research is relevant not only to academics in linguistics and communication but also to political practitioners and the general public seeking a deeper understanding of social media's role in shaping political perceptions and participation.

Grammarly Through the Lens of Student Perception

<p>Grammarly serves as an online grammar checker that allows users to identify and rectify errors in grammar, pronunciation, punctuation, and plagiarism. This study aims to explore students' perceptions regarding the use of Grammarly as a writing assistant in essay classes. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through questionnaires and structured interviews. The participants were English major students at Universitas PGRI Jombang enrolled in essay writing classes, with 23 students responding to the questionnaires and 4 participating in interviews. The findings indicate a positive perception among students towards Grammarly as a helpful tool for writing English essays. They appreciate its user-friendly interface, helpful advice, clear explanations, accurate grammar checks, and prompt corrections. Moreover, they find it beneficial for enhancing writing skills and boosting self-confidence, particularly in essay writing. The study also highlights Grammarly's role in facilitating learning about English grammar rules. Despite utilizing only the free version, nearly all students highly recommend Grammarly for supporting English students in essay writing. They value its straightforward feedback, which aids in understanding complex grammar issues and enables them to refine their writing while reducing common errors. In conclusion, students consider Grammarly a valuable tool for enhancing their essay writing skills. Not only does it assist in correcting grammatical errors, but it also serves as an educational resource that enriches students' understanding of English grammar. Therefore, integrating Grammarly into the essay writing curriculum can greatly benefit English students, providing them with an accessible and effective resource to improve their writing proficiency.</p>

An SFL Analysis of Dialogues in Elementary EFL Textbooks

Textbooks play a vital role in language instruction. The study aims to examine the three metafunctions of language based on the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory. As such, a descriptive qualitative approach along with content analysis is employed to examine dialogues that were selected conveniently from two elementary EFL textbooks. The findings indicate that the relational process is the most frequent process type indicating the ideational function of the two textbooks. For the sake of interpersonal function, declarative sentences are mostly utilized. Meanwhile, the textual function is mostly reflected by the T (Thing) and DT (Deictic + Thing) nominal group pattern. These findings have pedagogical implications for teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL), particularly for elementary school students; providing simple language patterns that help students build a foundational vocabulary and understanding of grammar for proficient communication. The theoretical implication of the findings is the importance of scaffolded learning that helps learners grasp basic linguistic concepts before moving on to more complex and dynamic language use

Grammar Teaching and Learning in English Language Class: Students’ View

Grammar, which differs in structure among languages, plays an important component of language acquisition. Grammar proficiency is essential for clear communication since it improves understanding and coherence. Therefore, mastering English grammar is essential to EFL study. This study explores the students’ view on the importance of grammar in language acquisition in detail and explores how EFL students evaluate the teaching and learning of grammar. A qualitative method was used, including open-ended questionnaire and interview, to better understand students' perspectives. The results support the participants' understanding of grammar's significance and reinforce the idea that grammar teaching is essential. The findings of this study further highlight the need of combining explicit and implicit teaching strategies within grammar teaching and learning, acknowledging the mutually beneficial nature of both methods. These strategies further emphasise the critical role that technology and the internet play in language learning. These results together offer educators knowledge for developing effective grammar teaching strategies that correspond with students' viewpoints and academic objectives.

Video Strategy as Scaffolding to Foster Students’ Grammar Proficiency and Writing Skills in EFL Learning

Despite its significance particularly when it comes to writing competence, numerous studies have revealed that grammar is still considered complicated to grasp and used by students. The purpose of this study was to determine how video-based instruction affects students' understanding of grammar in writing assignments. This sequential explanatory mixed-method study aimed to investigate how students' grammatical skills especially in degree of comparison might be improved. Quantitative evaluations such as creating written test materials for the students and qualitative interviews with both teachers and students were employed. The findings showed that students' comprehension of grammatical rules for statistical tests had improved. Descriptive data evidenced that the students were clearly excited, enthralled, and actively involved with the tactics; served as a scaffold to lower obstacles; enhanced language learners' understanding; and increased students' vocabulary. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches evidenced the significance of implementing English videos to promote students’ grammatical competence in writing skills. The study's implications and suggestions are discussed.

Variant Choices of Future Time Reference in Galician: The Grammaticalization of [haber (de) + infinitive] as a Window to Diachronic Change

Compared to neighboring Romance languages, Galician currently maintains a more ubiquitous usage of the construction [haber (present) + (de) + infinitive] as a future marker in variation with the periphrastic construction with ir ‘go’ and the morphological future. We examine this under-studied construction to gain a better understanding of Galician grammar and also contribute new data with which to consider diachronic change regarding the grammaticalization of the future from obligation markers. We conduct a variationist analysis of 1589 tokens of future forms in recorded conversations (CORILGA) in order to determine the frequency of usage, patterns of variation, linguistic conditioning and degree of grammaticalization of the periphrastic forms with haber and ir in contrast to the morphological variant. We find evidence to suggest that the periphrastic construction with haber is highly grammaticalized as a future marker and we identify factors of the production context that modulate the grammaticalization process.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND COMPARISON DEGREE BY USING STICK PUPPET

Learning grammar, particularly understanding tenses, poses challenges for students, often leading to boredom during lessons. To address this, researchers propose integrating new media, such as stick puppets, into grammar instruction to enhance student engagement. The aim is to cultivate enthusiasm, involvement, and a deeper understanding of English grammar. This study was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with tenth grade students of SMKN 3 Jember. It explored the efficacy of stick puppets as an alternative method to improve Grammar Comprehension. This research was spanning one cycle with three implementation meetings and a post-test. It utilized various data collection techniques was included; grammar scores, teacher observations, interviews, student questionnaires, and classroom observation sheets. From the implementation of stick puppets, the findings revealed notable improvement in the Grammar Comprehension of tenth-grade students at SMKN 3 Jember with a 95.65% success rate. The students demonstrated increased proficiency across vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar usage, and content which indicated that stick puppets not only enhanced comprehension but also fostered active participation and student interest.

The Lived Experiences of Non-Thai Teachers in Code-Switching at Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University

This study investigates the lived experiences of non-Thai teachers' code-switching in delivering their English lessons in EFL classrooms. The study employed a qualitative approach, specifically phenomenology. The teachers were interviewed using semi-structured interview questions. The responses were transcribed and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step descriptive phenomenological data analysis approach. The findings of this study showed that teachers’ experiences of code-switching were a helpful, practical, and essential tool to foster active participation from the students. The teachers’ reasons for utilizing code-switching are to relieve students’ anxiety and amplify socialization, word power, understanding of grammar, and instruction. Furthermore, the study also emphasizes that excessive use of code-switching can hinder the student’s learning of the target language. Additionally, the teachers face a challenge when they code-switch due to the tone-sensitive nature of the Thai language. Thus, it is suggested that one must be at least conversational in the students' language to use code-switching effectively. It is concluded in this study that teachers should not cease using code-switching since it helps students grasp complex ideas and allows them to be engaged in the classroom.

VISUAL LITERACY: COMIC STRIPS AS TEACHING MEDIA IN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of using comic strips as learning media for seventh-grade students in Simple Present Tense at SMPN 2 Sewon. The problem in this study was the students' understanding of grammar, especially in simple present tense, was low. This research is Quantitative, with a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test as the research design. The comic strips used in this study were made by the researcher herself. The sample of this study was seventh-grade students, The total amount was 64 students, who were divided into two classes, namely experiment and control. The experiment class was given treatment in the form of comic strips as teaching media after the pre-test, while the control class was not. The results showed sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05 and (-8.633) < (-2.039). Based on the result, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the learning outcomes in the pre-test and post-test in the experimental class. Comic Strips proved to be effective to be used as teaching media to help students' learning process in English grammar, especially simple present tense.

Utilization of Digital Technology in Arabic Language Learning At MIS Ikhlasiyah Tuamang

The use of technology in learning Arabic has become the main focus in efforts to increase the effectiveness and attractiveness of learning. This research discusses various approaches and technological applications that can be used to enrich the Arabic language learning experience. Online-based learning methods, use of mobile applications and interactive multimedia platforms are the main aspects explored. Evaluation of learning outcomes shows that technology integration can improve students' understanding of grammar, vocabulary and speaking competence in Arabic. The application of technology in Arabic language learning is expected to make a significant contribution to the progress of language education by utilizing the potential of modern technology. This research aims to determine the use of digital technology in Arabic language learning in class V of MIS Ikhlasiyah Tuamang. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The sample in this study was all class V students of MIS Ikhlasiyah Tuamang. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses theories from Milex and Huberman, namely reducing data, presenting data, and concluding data. The results of this research show that there is minimal use of digital technology in Arabic language learning in class V of MIS Ikhlasiyah Tuamang. This is shown from the results of interviews and observations that have been carried out, that in class V MIS Ikhlasiyah Tuamang, Arabic language learning very rarely uses digital technology, teachers more often use Arabic textbooks as a learning medium.

Implementasi Teori Generatif Transformatif Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab

The implementation of transformative generative theory in learning Arabic is an interesting approach in developing Arabic understanding and skills. The transformative generative theory, developed by Noam Chomsky, provides a solid foundation for studying the syntactic structure and transformation of sentences in Arabic. This article reviews the implementation of transformative generative theory in the context of learning Arabic. We explain how this approach can help learners understand the rules of Arabic syntax in a systematic and structured manner. By studying the transformation patterns in Arabic, learners can recognize and apply the correct sentence structure. In addition, the implementation of transformative generative theory in learning Arabic can also help learners expand their vocabulary and improve communication skills. With a deeper understanding of Arabic grammar, learners can construct more complex and accurate sentences. However, it is important to consider individual needs and learning styles in implementing this approach. Every learner has different needs, therefore, teachers and instructors need to provide a learning environment that is supportive and relevant to maximize learner potential