Understanding Of Basic Concepts Research Articles

Pemanfaatan Teknologi untuk Meningkatkan Numerasi Peserta Didik SMP N 1 Kertanegara

Numeracy is very important for junior high school students to learn because it has a significant impact on daily life such as problem solving abilities, critical thinking abilities and the ability to apply mathematical concepts in various situations. The numeracy ability index at junior high school level in Purbalingga Regency is rated "below minimum competency" with a score of 1.73 (scale 1-3). Problems among students at SMP N 1 Kertaengara related to numeracy include students having difficulty understanding basic mathematical concepts and more complex mathematical concepts. Another problem is that the numeracy teaching methods used by teachers are still monotonous and do not use technology. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase student numeracy, one of the efforts that can be made by utilizing technology. This activity aims to improve understanding of numeracy by utilizing technology so that students' numeracy skills increase. There are 3 stages of training starting from preparation, implementation and evaluation. The results of this activity can improve numeracy skills in a more effective and enjoyable way by utilizing technology in learning.

Financial Inclusion and Financial Education - An Effective Tool for Poverty Reduction (Georgia's example)

Poverty is one of the main challenges of the contemporary world. The Covid-19 pandemic has worsened the already slow pace of poverty reduction around the world. Some countries have managed to avoid the further growth of poverty, while others failed to overcome the problem. The troubles caused by the pandemic were also added to those caused by Russia-Ukraine war. If this trend continues, millions of people will still live in poverty in the future. The governments of almost all the countries, including Georgia, are actively taking various steps to reduce poverty, inter alia, largely by strengthening financial inclusion and financial education. Lack of financial inclusion is a challenge for low- and middle-income countries, which leaves millions without access to formal financial services. Another important barrier to overcoming poverty is the lack of financial education, one of the most important life skills for everyone. Without understanding basic financial concepts, it is quite difficult to make correct decision. Differences in financial education may affect wealth, inequality and poverty. The presented paper studies the impact of financial education and inclusion on poverty in Georgia based on the processing and analysis of secondary data, academic works, and reports of various international and local organizations.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS IV SD

The Indonesian government requires schools to implement the revised 2013 curriculum. The goal is to prepare the younger generation to be creative, innovative and critical. Integrated thematic books are incomplete in math materials, so students have difficulty understanding basic concepts. This research uses research and development methods. The goal is to produce learning media in the form of Student Worksheets (LKS) Square Flat Buildings. Based on the results of the media expert validation, it is known that the developed LKS media for Square Flat Buildings obtained a score of 77%, which means that the product is quite feasible and needs a little revision. Based on the results of the material expert, it is known that the media obtained a score of 75%, which means that the media is said to be feasible without revision. The conclusion of this study is that the media developed by researchers received positive responses from all experts, namely media experts, material experts and linguists. However, there are some notes to use this learning media. The learning media made by researchers are intended to improve the quality of learning so that students are interested and happy to follow the learning process.

Korelasi Antara Konstitusi dan Kekuasaan dalam Mempertahankan Nilai Nilai Konstitusi

Lack of adequate legal protection for people in Indonesia, social injustice, and social and economic inequality between regions and groups of people, which results in injustice in the distribution of resources and services as well as social welfare, and limited human rights. The research method is descriptive qualitative, which is commonly used in constitutional research including: Literature study, document analysis, conducting discussions with relevant political experts and actors and then conducting content analysis. The results of the brief review, namely the Study of the Constitution in Indonesia, are very important in understanding the legal and political basis of the Indonesian state. Constitutional Studies students must have 21st century skills such as an understanding of basic concepts in the constitution, the ability to analyze issues related to the constitution, the ability to identify weaknesses in constitutional documents and the ability to propose changes needed for the progress of the Indonesian state. In the controversy over choosing to return to the original 1945 Constitution or remain in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, it is important for us to have a deep understanding of constitutional documents and issues related to them as well as the ability to think critically to consider the arguments of each party. It is important for us to apply and implement the current UUD in accordance with the spirit and principles contained therein for the advancement of the Indonesian state.

Analisis Permasalahan Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VII SMP Asrol Ulum

This research aims to identify and analyze mathematics learning problems faced by class VII students at Asrol Ulum Middle School, as well as offering relevant solutions based on a review of references and previous research results. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through interviews and distributing questionnaires to students. The research results show that factors such as geographical location, interest and motivation to learn, understanding of basic concepts, teacher learning strategies, family support, and learning facilities and infrastructure influence mathematics learning. The proposed solutions include teacher training and development, project-based learning, differentiated learning strategies, good communication between schools and parents, and utilization of local resources. This research provides an in-depth understanding of mathematics learning problems and solutions that can be applied to improve the quality of education at Asrol Ulum Middle School.

The Role of Art Education in Developing Creativity and Expression in Early Childhood

The purpose of this article is to explore the role of art education in developing creativity and emotional expression in early childhood. This research uses a qualitative approach. The research design is a case study, which allows for in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of art education in early childhood education environments. The participants in this study are teachers and caregivers who teach art in the school. The expected total number of participants is 50 teachers. The data collection techniques used include observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study show that art education significantly enhances children's ability to generate new ideas, take creative risks, and solve problems in innovative ways. Art activities have also been proven to help children express emotions and enhance emotional well-being. In addition, art education contributes to understanding basic concepts in academic subjects and the development of fine and gross motor skills. The implications of this research indicate that art education is a key element in supporting the holistic development of early childhood. Therefore, it is important for educators, parents, and communities to integrate art into children's daily lives..

Secondary school students’ understanding of circular economy and recycling at a small rural school

Biology education plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between science and society. This is of high interest and relevance for several reasons helping students to become biologically literate and understanding basic biological concepts and principles as healthcare, environmental issues, and sustainability. The aim of this study was to investigate the understanding of the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students regarding circular economy and recycling. To achieve the objectives, a study was conducted with the convenience sample, involving students from a rural school. The sample was made up of 27 students, including 17 students from the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and 10 students from the 12<sup>th</sup> grade. The prior knowledge of students was assessed by the tool of drawing on the topic of the circular economy and recycling. A two-hour training module was created and carried out, including several practical tasks followed by fulfilling the compliant worksheets. The effectiveness of the module was assessed by the questionnaire focused on the new information received during the module and the general feedback of the module was gathered from the students. The results were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and descriptive quantitative research methods. The findings revealed that the understanding of circular economy and recycling among the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students was different, expressed in the categories of pre-knowledge and the secondary school students are aware of the importance and purpose of circular economy and recycling. The differences appaired in the students’ obtained knowledge and changed attitudes of the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students and the improvement of attitudes and willingness to behave in a sustainable way surpassed the increase of understanding of term “circular economy”.<i> </i>

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Materi Aljabar, Persamaan Linier, Perbandingan Senilai dan Tak Senilai, Bangun Datar, dan Bangun Ruang Siswa Kelas VII UPT SMPN 35 Medan

This research aims to understand and analyze the mathematics learning difficulties faced by class VII students at SMPN 35 Medan. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this research explores the factors that cause learning difficulties and provides solutions that can be implemented. The research method involves written tests and interviews with students and teachers. The results of the research reveal that students face challenges in understanding basic concepts such as algebra, linear equations, equivalent and non-equivalent comparisons, as well as plane figures and spatial figures. Internal and external factors, such as students’ cognitive abilities and less effective teaching methods, influence their mathematics performance. This research suggests a more interactive learning approach, training for teachers, collaboration between schools and parents, and regular evaluation to improve students’ mathematical understanding and performance in the future. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to efforts to improve the quality of mathematics learning in schools.

Evaluation of "Foundation of Thermal Engineering" Based on Engineering Certification and OBE

In order to meet the requirements of current engineering certification and OBE concept of talent training, a trinity teaching link of basic thermal theory teaching, experiment and course design is constructed for the course of " Foundation of thermal engineering ", and the teaching content of "Engineering Thermodynamics" and "Heat Transfer" is integrated according to the graduation requirements of mechanical design majors for mastering basic theoretical knowledge and solving problems. It proposes the in-depth course objectives from understanding basic concepts and laws to building models to solve and analyze related phenomena, engineering problems and influence laws, determines the assessment requirements and achievement evaluation methods, and gives continuous improvement measures. An output-oriented thermal engineering basic course evaluation system is helpful to the cultivation of students' innovation and practical ability, and to realize the integration with international education.

Peran Guru Dalam Menerapkan Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Pada Kurikulum Merdeka

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model in subjects in the Merdeka Curriculum and its impact on student learning outcomes. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach to describe social phenomena. Primary data was obtained from structured interviews with a teacher at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Lamongan, and secondary data from scientific journals and online sources. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis included asking questions, applying procedures, collecting, coding and interpreting data. This research aims to understand the meanings that individuals and groups ascribe to social or humanitarian issues. The research findings show that PjBL is effective in improving student learning motivation, team PjBL work skills, creativity, and understanding of basic concepts. Effective in increasing student learning motivation, teamwork skills, creativity, and understanding of basic concepts. To that end, PjBL also fosters enthusiasm and positive attitudes among students. However, PjBL research faces challenges such as high equipment requirements, high costs, and short lead times. Nevertheless, PjBL made a significant contribution to learning outcomes and the development of student characteristics according to the Pancasila Learner Profile

Promoting Linear Algebraic Reasoning among Students: Affordances and Challenges

As students transition from the mathematics they learn in school years, including their first-year calculus courses, to the first course in linear algebra, they experience discontinuities in their perspective of what mathematics is. Their propensity to continue applying the same habits of learning in the face of this change leads to failure and frustration. The failure manifests itself in the quality of understanding basic concepts as well as in the lack of linear algebraic reasoning. Instructional treatments applied in my teaching experiments to foster students’ ability to reason linear algebraically resulted in mixed success – some of the treatments were successful, others less so. The latter are accounted for by the structural complexity of the subject matter and students’ background knowledge. The pedagogical approaches offered in this paper are oriented within a particular theoretical framework for the learning and teaching of mathematics, called DNR. Reflections and broader implications are addressed through the lenses of this framework.

PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PERANGKAT DESA DALAM MEMBANGUN KESADARAN MEMAHAMI SUSUNAN ORGANISASI DAN TATA KERJA (SOTK)

One of the important instruments that form the basis for the performance of the village government is the Structure of Organisation and Work Procedure (SOTK). Permendagri No. 84/2015 is the main reference for the establishment of the SOTK of the village government. Therefore, to overcome this lack of understanding, it is necessary to empower the village officials through training and mentoring. In the implementation of this activity, the concept of participatory learning and action was adopted (Theresia in Hasanah & Saruri, 2018). This approach is implemented by emphasizing lectures, discussions, and brainstorming activities that are carried out interactively with the village head and village apparatus of Bioa Sengok, and continued with real actions or activities related to community empowerment material. This community service activity was carried out and produced knowledge for the Bioa Sengok village government in the form of capacity building in recognizing villages through the Village Law, understanding village government management, and understanding basic concepts of SOTK. However, in the future, more specific training for the village government is needed to organize good village governance.

Gender Sensitivity of Teacher Education Curricula in the Republic of Croatia

Abstract The research aims to determine whether and to what extent teacher education curricula in Croatia are gender sensitive and to examine the status of courses dealing with gender-related topics. For this purpose, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the seven teacher education curricula was conducted. The analysis was based on Bernstein’s theory of classification and framing rules, which explains how control and power over knowledge and curriculum are exercised by selecting knowledge (from scientific disciplines) for the curriculum, design rules, and curriculum implementation. The findings indicate that gender-based knowledge is not given high status and significance as a teaching subject. Gender-related topics are included in teacher education curricula by weak framing and classification rules. While there are several advantages to such a curriculum design, weak classification and framing rules can lead to a lack of compliance in education on gender-related topics. A vague structure can interfere with students’ understanding of basic concepts and their interconnectedness. Students can choose courses based on personal interest rather than necessity and importance. Recommendations are made to achieve a higher level of gender sensitivity in teacher education curricula, which would contribute to better preparation of teachers for the education of children on gender equality.

Analysis Of Student Errors In Solving Intgral Questions For Grade XII IPS 1 At MAS YMPI Tanjungbalai

This research has a purpose to analyze students' errors in solving problems combined to integral calculus in Grade XII IPS 1. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The research subjects has 30 students and 3 mathematics teachers. The instruments used are tests (reliability coefficient V=0.76) and questionnaires (reliability coefficient V=0.68). Data is collected with four methods: 1) students are asked to complete a descriptive test on integral calculus in 5 questions on a worksheet, 2) collecting and analyzing some of the students' answers, 3) interviewing with some students who face difficulties, and 4) interviewing teachers. The research instruments used include a descriptive test on integral calculus, interview worksheets for students and mathematics teachers. Data analysis is carried out in three stages: 1) identifying and categorizing students' errors in answering the questions, 2) analyzing students' errors, and 3) examining the correlation between students' test results and the results of interviews with students and teachers. The results of the study show that out of 30 students who took the test, 12 or 40% of the students did not meet the passing criteria (KKM = 70), 7 or 23.3% of the students made errors in understanding basic integral concepts, 12 or 40% of the students made errors in applying principles, and 13 or 43.3% of the students made errors in solving problems in text questions. From the questionnaire and interview results, it has been found that 16 or 53.3% of the students are mostly influenced by internal factors, and 11 or 36.6% of the students are mostly influenced by external factors

Study of circular and rotational motion with the help of experimentation and mathematical modeling enhanced by digital technologies

Circular and rotational motion belongs to basic topics studied at upper secondary school and courses on Mechanics at University. Many studies show problems in understanding basic concepts related to kinematics and dynamics of these motions. In this paper we present a series of inquiry activities aimed at developing the understanding of these concepts and the laws of circular and rotating motion with the effective use of digital technologies. The activity on the videomeasurement of a uniform and decelerating bicycle wheel motion analyses the basic kinematic concepts. In the experiments carried out with the help of a centripetal force apparatus with the rotating system of carriages, the dynamics of circular motion can be investigated by observing and analysing the effect of various parameters on the centripetal force acting on the carriage. In addition to that, a mathematical model for decelerated motion of a bicycle wheel and a carriage can be designed. By manipulating and simulating the model for different parameters the best correspondence with experimental data can be found. The activities can be implemented at confirmation or guided inquiry level. Applying experimental as well as modelling approach to answer research questions students learn how science and physicists work.

N21 Shared Decision Making: A Qualitative Exploration of Clinical Nurse Specialists in Gastroenterology

Abstract Background Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS) participation in the Shared Decision Making (SDM) process and understanding basic concepts and principles related to the decision-making process are critical. (Storms et al. 2015). The core concept role of CNS includes a clinical focus on direct and indirect care of the patients in the specialist area, health educator and trainer, patient advocate, audit and research and consultation (NCNM, 2008). They have many opportunities to participate in the SDM process with patients arising from clinic visits, telephone helpline services and multidisciplinary team meetings. Nurses are progressively deemed influential in shared decision-making; however, studies on the SDM role of the CNS are limited; our study investigates the experiences of CNS in SDM, in the speciality of gastroenterology (GI) in both medical and surgical. Methods This study adopted a qualitative descriptive style. The survey was distributed to medical and surgical GI CNS at a tertiary referral hospital. This study aimed to look at three aspects of CNS's SDM experience: the CNS's knowledge about SDM, generating discussion and coordination, and respect for sociocultural factors. Semi-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. There were 11CNS participants from surgical and medical GI specialities, including IBD, hepatology, endoscopy, upper GI, and colorectal nursing. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim and coded. Results Six themes emerged from the data collected: perceptions, attitudes, positive change, influential factors, reflection and obstacles. SDM is an unknown concept for the majority of the CNS.CNS self-identified as integral to the speciality and the patient's primary contact. Conclusion CNS has little understanding of the SDM concept. SDM is perceived as MDT (Multi-Disciplinary Team) making decisions without patient involvement. Formal education and increased awareness of the SDM process are essential for CNS active participation in individual patients. The procured knowledge of SDM enhances the CNS's confidence in active participation in MDT team meetings and the SDM process. It consequently improves patient experience, knowledge and participation in the SDM process.

Investigating undergraduate students ability in solving calculus problems using microsoft maths solver application

This research work investigated the ability of 100 level undergraduate students in Novena University Ogume, Delta State. Two hundred (200) students from four departments were selected using the stratified random sampling techniques. Frequency counts and percentages were used to obtain a total picture of student ability towards calculus. Also, a student’s t-test was used to check whether there was a significant difference between the means. The observed difference between the mean is significant at the .01 level. Results of the research showed that the use of Microsoft Math Solver aided learners in understanding basic concepts in calculus, as compared with the traditional tutorial approach.

Integration of Mobile Augmented Reality Applications for Engineering Mechanics Learning with Interacting 3D Objects in Engineering Education

The development of Augmented Reality (AR) technology has proliferated in the educational arena. The results of subjective observations of engineering mechanics learning show the decline in student interest and understanding caused by conventional teaching methods, which are the biggest obstacles in the learning process, thus impacting students’ cognitive abilities. This study develops AR as an instructional media for engineering mechanics using the Analyse, State, Select, Utilise, Require, and Evaluate (ASSURE) instructional design model with an R&D approach. This study used performance assessment instruments, questionnaires, and interviews with students and lecturers as the primary data. The subjects of this study were 103 students of Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education at Universitas Negeri Padang in the 2020–2021 academic year. The results showed that the use of AR-based learning media had a positive impact on students’ understanding of basic concepts and skills. In addition, AR media support independent learning and provide direct feedback to students. The acquisition of validation results from material experts is 88.48% (very valid), media experts of 89.26% (very valid), and linguists of 87.41% (very valid). The average practicality test results from the lecturer’s responses were 89.70% (very practical) and 81.63% (practical) student responses. In conclusion, the results of developing mobile AR applications that are declared valid and practical can provide a more interactive and exciting learning experience for students to increase their interest and understanding of learning. Therefore, mobile AR is an exciting option for further integrating engineering education into higher education.

Страховий ринок, ринок страхування і ринок страхових послуг: наукові погляди, нове розуміння і визначення

Educational programs need to be updated and improved, taking into account the latest legislative changes to correctly reflect the transformations of financial services markets and the evolution of the main concepts of financial science. This affects the quality of educational training, the scientific component in higher education institutions of Ukraine, and the professional competence of future practitioners and scientists. The article aims to reveal, improve the essence and formulate the definition of the concepts of the market of insurance services, insurance market, and market of insurance, taking into account the new legislation in the insurance field and achievements of financial science. The methodological basis of the research is the position of the theory of open economy, as well as the methods of system analysis. The study includes four sections: the first section provides a brief review of scientific works on the definition of the insurance market; the second section contains the analysis of Ukrainian insurance legislation regarding the insurance market; the third section presents the quantitative calculations and a new understanding of basic concepts; in the last subsection, the authors explain how the concepts of the insurance market and the market of insurance services differ, highlight the activities of the regulatory bodies of the insurance market, and show the unresolved problem of insurance guarantees in the market. The analysis points to the still unsolved problem of state guarantees of returning insurance premiums to clients if the insurer ceases insurance activity. In this regard, the expediency of creating the Insurance Guarantee Fund, which should become a participant in the insurance market, is argued. It was found that the concepts of the market of insurance services and the market of insurance are identical. The concept of the insurance market covers the market of insurance and is distinguished by the fact that there are regulatory bodies in the insurance market. Based on the provisions of the open economy theory and the analysis of behavioral aspects of market participants, the work proposes new definitions of the concepts of the market of insurance services and the insurance market.

초등수학영재의 짝수·홀수 개념에 대한 이해 분석

When are even and odd number concepts dealt with in elementary school mathematics, how can even and odd numbers be defined in this regard? This study aims to analyze which types take precedence in the process of defining even and odd numbers for potential mathematical gifted students. Potential mathematical gifted students were defined as 40 students who passed the first screening among the students who applied for the elementary mathematics class at P University’s Science Gifted Education Center. In-depth interviews were conducted for these 40 students. First, one type that can be defined for even and odd concepts was described and explained. Then, the concepts of even and odd were described in different forms, and then we asked about the types that defined even and odd numbers and collected the results. According to the research results, the process of explaining even and odd numbers is related to number concepts, multiplication concepts, and division concepts covered in elementary mathematics. Students explained some of them and explained the relationship between these concepts. However, instead of explaining even and odd numbers in mathematical terms, some students responded by repeating tautologies such as ‘there is a pair’ or ‘there is no pair’ or by drawing pictures. By looking at the types and levels of definitions in the process of explaining even-numbered and odd-numbered concepts in potential mathematical gifted students, it will be possible to find meaningful implications for the evaluation of potential mathematical gifted students by looking at their understanding of basic concepts and how they are connected and explained.