Underlying Symmetry Algebra Research Articles

Soft theorems for boostless amplitudes

We consider effective field theories (EFTs) of scalar fields with broken Lorentz boosts, which arise by taking the decoupling and flat-space limits of the EFT of inflation, and derive constraints that must be satisfied by the corresponding scattering amplitudes if there is an underlying non-linearly realised symmetry. We primarily concentrate on extended shift symmetries which depend on the space-time coordinates, and find that combinations of scattering amplitudes obey enhanced Adler zeros. That is, such combinations vanish as one external momentum is taken soft, with the rate at which they vanish dictated by the corresponding symmetry. In our soft theorem derivation, we pay particular care to the energy and momentum-conserving delta functions that arise due to space-time translations, and show that when acted upon by derivatives with respect to spatial momenta, they yield a tower of soft theorems which are ultimately required for closure of the underlying symmetry algebra. All of our soft theorems correspond to constraints that must be satisfied by on-shell amplitudes and, even for symmetries that depend on the time coordinate, our soft theorems only require derivatives to be taken with respect to spatial momenta. We perform a soft bootstrap procedure to find solutions to our soft theorems, and compare these solutions to what we find from an off-shell analysis using the coset construction.

Symmetry harmonization: exploring deformed oscillators and dissipative dynamics through the glass of Newton–Hooke algebra

Motivated by the symmetry in the non-relativistic limit of anti-de Sitter geometry, we employ planar dynamical models featuring exotic (deformed) harmonic oscillators, presented through direct and indirect Lagrangian representations. The latter introduces Bateman dissipative oscillator system. Analyzing these dynamic systems with a first-order Lagrangian scheme, our phase-space-based approach utilizes the moment map components to reveal the underlying symmetry algebra. This obtained algebra, interpreted as an extended version of Newton–Hooke (NH) cosmological symmetry algebras, has the potential to cast an augmented non-relativistic shadow over the expanding universe, offering an insightful perspective on extended NH spacetime in 2+1 dimensions through our dynamical realizations.

Integrable models based on non-semi-simple groups and plane wave target spacetimes

We initiate the construction of integrable λ-deformed WZW models based on non-semisimple groups. We focus on the four-dimensional case whose underlying symmetries are based on the non-semisimple group {E}_2^c . The corresponding gravitational backgrounds of Lorentzian signature are plane waves which can be obtained as Penrose limits of the λ-deformed SU(2) background times a timelike coordinate for appropriate choices of the λ-matrix. We construct two such deformations which we demonstrate to be integrable. They both deform the Nappi-Witten plane wave and are inequivalent. Nevertheless, they have the same underlying symmetry algebra which is a Saletan-type contraction of that for the λ-deformed SU(2) background with a timelike direction. We also construct a plane wave from the Penrose limit of the λ-deformation of the frac{textrm{SU}(2)}{textrm{U}(1)} coset CFT times a timelike coordinate which represents the deformation of a logarithmic CFT constructed in the past. Finally, we briefly consider contractions based on the simplest Yang-baxter σ-models.

First Integrals of Differential Operators from SL(2,ℝ) Symmetries

The construction of first integrals for SL(2,R)-invariant nth-order ordinary differential equations is a non-trivial problem due to the nonsolvability of the underlying symmetry algebra sl(2,R). Firstly, we provide for n=2 an explicit expression for two non-constant first integrals through algebraic operations involving the symmetry generators of sl(2,R), and without any kind of integration. Moreover, although there are cases when the two first integrals are functionally independent, it is proved that a second functionally independent first integral arises by a single quadrature. This result is extended for n>2, provided that a solvable structure for an integrable distribution generated by the differential operator associated to the equation and one of the prolonged symmetry generators of sl(2,R) is known. Several examples illustrate the procedures.

Action Principle for Newtonian Gravity.

We derive an action whose equations of motion contain the Poisson equation of Newtonian gravity. The construction requires a new notion of Newton-Cartan geometry based on an underlying symmetry algebra that differs from the usual Bargmann algebra. This geometry naturally arises in a covariant 1/c expansion of general relativity, with c being the speed of light. By truncating this expansion at subleading order, we obtain the field content and transformation rules of the fields that appear in the action of Newtonian gravity. The equations of motion generalize Newtonian gravity by allowing for the effect of gravitational time dilation due to strong gravitational fields.

On the elliptic 𝔤𝔩2 solid-on-solid model: Functional relations and determinants

In this work, we study an elliptic solid-on-solid model with domain-wall boundaries having the elliptic quantum group Ep,γ[gl2^] as its underlying symmetry algebra. We elaborate on results previously presented in Galleas [Phys. Rev. E 94, 010102 (2016)] and extend our analysis to include continuous families of single determinantal representations for the model’s partition function. Interestingly, our families of representations are parameterized by two continuous complex variables which can be arbitrarily chosen without affecting the partition function.

Spectral flow in 3D flat spacetimes

In this paper we investigate spectral flow symmetry in asymptotically flat spacetimes both from a gravity as well as a putative dual quantum field theory perspective. On the gravity side we consider models in Einstein gravity and supergravity as well as their "reloaded" versions, present suitable boundary conditions, determine the respective asymptotic symmetry algebras and the thermal entropy of cosmological solutions in each of these models. On the quantum field theory side we identify the spectral flow symmetry as automorphisms of the underlying symmetry algebra of the theory. Using spectral flow invariance we then determine the thermal entropy of these quantum field theories and find perfect agreement with the results from the gravity side. In addition we determine logarithmic corrections to the thermal entropy.

Junction Type Representations of the Temperley-Lieb Algebra and Associated Symmetries

Inspired by earlier works on representations of the Temperley-Lieb algebra we introduce a novel family of representations of the algebra. This may be seen as a generalization of the so called asymmetric twin representation. The underlying symmetry algebra is also examined and it is shown that in addition to certain obvious exact quantum symmetries non trivial quantum algebraic realizations that exactly commute with the representation also exist. Non trivial representations of the boundary Temperley-Lieb algebra as well as the related residual symmetries are also discussed. The corresponding novel R and K matrices solutions of the Yang-Baxter and reflection equations are identified, the relevant quantum spin chain is also constructed and its exact symmetry is studied.

The perfect atom: Bound states of supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics

We study hydrogen-like atoms in N = 1 supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics with an electronic and a muonic family. These atoms are bound states of an anti-muon and an electron or their superpartners. The exchange of a photino converts different bound states into each other. We determine the energy eigenstates and calculate the spectrum to fourth order in the fine structure constant. A difference between these perfect atoms and non-supersymmetric ones is the absence of hyperfine structure. We organize the eigenstates into supermultiplets of the underlying symmetry algebra.

Poincaré quasi-Hopf symmetry and nonassociative spacetime algebra from twisted gauge theories

In previous work, starting from the Moyal plane, we formulated interacting theories of matter and gauge fields with only the former fields twisted. In this approach, gauge theories, including the standard model, can be formulated without new gauge degrees of freedom. We show their underlying symmetry algebra to be Poincar\'e quasi-Hopf . The associated spacetime algebra is hence non-associative.

The Classical r-Matrix of AdS/CFT and its Lie Bialgebra Structure

In this paper we investigate the algebraic structure of AdS/CFT in the strong-coupling limit. We propose an expression for the classical r-matrix with (deformed) \({\mathfrak{u}(2|2)}\) symmetry, which leads to a quasi-triangular Lie bialgebra as the underlying symmetry algebra. On the fundamental representation our r-matrix coincides with the classical limit of the quantum R-matrix.

Noncompact groups and the excitation spectrum in superfluid helium-4

It has been shown that the underlying symmetry algebra in the superfluid 4He can be extended to the spectrum-generating noncompact groups. This method furnishes the excitation energy of this system, exact in the framework of the symmetry algebra.