Malaysian Undergraduate Students Research Articles

Entrepreneurship Education Position and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Perception of Malaysian Undergraduate Students

The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of Entrepreneurship education factors, as well as personal attitude, perceived behavioural control, and subjective norms on entrepreneurial intentions among undergraduate students. Primary data were obtained from 311 final year students at public universities in east coast Malaysia involving two fields of study (social sciences and science and technology). Descriptive and multiple regression methods were used to analyse the study data. Entrepreneurship education was found to be positively and significantly related to entrepreneurial intention in social science students and the overall study sample. Both variables under the category of entrepreneurial cognitive factors (Personal attitude and Perceived behavioural control) revealed a significant positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. Meanwhile, only for the overall sample did the perceived subjective norm factor have a positively significant relationship with entrepreneurial intention. The findings of the study also revealed that social science students showed higher entrepreneurial intentions compared to science and technology students. This study can accentuate to policymakers and university management that the formation of entrepreneurial intentions among students is dependent not only on cognitive factors, but also on the empowerment of the entrepreneurship curriculum and the entrepreneurship ecosystem on campus.

FOSTERING LOYALTY AMONG YOUNG CONSUMERS: STRATEGIC APPROACHES FOR BANK SUSTAINABILITY

Objective: This study examines the influence of service quality, satisfaction, bank image, and trust on bank loyalty among youngsters in Malaysia, represented by university students.   Theoretical Framework: This study integrates cognitive and behavioral approaches from the Learning Theory to model customer loyalty. Cognitive processes involve assessing service quality for future decisions, while behavioral aspects focus on observable actions. Both perspectives are essential for understanding and predicting consumer behaviors in the context of loyalty.   Method: Using a sample of 290 university students, data was collected through a self-administered survey and analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).   Results and Discussion: The results reveal that only bank image and trust significantly affect loyalty, while satisfaction, bank image, and trust are influenced by service quality but not on students’ loyalty. Interestingly, bank image also influences satisfaction. These findings suggest that banks should prioritize building a positive image and trust among customers to enhance loyalty, rather than solely focusing on service quality and satisfaction.   Research Implications: The study offers practical implications for Malaysian banks, highlighting the importance of loyalty for long-term sustainability and targeting undergraduate students as future assets. It contributes to the literature by exploring these relationships specifically among undergraduate students in Malaysia, offering insights for banks to consolidate their market share and tailor products and services for young consumers   Originality/Value: This pioneering study examines how service quality, satisfaction, image, trust, and loyalty interrelate among Malaysian undergraduate students, offering insights for banks targeting young consumers

ASSOCIATION OF SYMPTOMATOLOGIC DEPRESSION WITH SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder that affects almost 2.3% of Malaysians and is more prevalent among Malaysian students. "Websites and applications that are utilized for interacting with others and their increasing prevalence have suggestive that people are obsessed to it" is the definition of social media. A strong correlation has been made between depression and social media addiction but there was a lack of such specific studies in Malaysia. This study is aimed at identifying the association of social media addiction with depression among university students in Malaysia. Methods:This research was conducted on Malaysian undergraduate and postgraduate students using an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics and two validated questionnaires of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-10) and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). Results:A total of 381 responses were analyzed and the Pearson Correlation was found to be (r = 0.671) with a p-value of < 0.001 which suggests a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between social media addiction and depression. Conclusion:In summary, an increase in addiction to social media causes depression.

COGNITIVE STRATEGY USE AND SELF-REGULATION AS MEDIATORS BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG CHINESE UNDERGRADUATES IN MALAYSIA

Background and Purpose: The number of Chinese students studying abroad has increased significantly in recent years. As a result, their academic achievements are rapidly gaining attention. This study aims to look into the relationship between the big five personality traits and academic achievement in Chinese undergraduate students in Malaysia. It also aims to investigate if cognitive strategy use and self-regulation have a mediation effect on these personality traits.
  
 Methodology: The 44-item Five Inventory and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire were used as the instrument. Respondents were picked from year 2 to year 4 at six private universities in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 430 valid surveys were gathered using stratified random sampling. For data analysis, structural equation modelling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used.
  
 Findings: Findings showed a significant direct effect of the big five personality traits in terms of agreeableness on academic achievement. The full structural model is valid, reliable and fits well with the data. There is a mediation effect of the cognitive strategy use in the relationship between the big five personality (except extraversion trait) and academic achievement. Additionally, self-regulation mediates conscientiousness and academic achievement, openness to experience traits and academic achievement.
 Contributions: This study developed measurement scales for the measurement model and a full structural model based on two mediators.
  
 Keywords: Self-regulated learning strategy, cognitive strategy use, self-regulation, big five personality, academic achievement.
  
 Cite as: Yina, M., & Zahari, I. (2024). Cognitive strategy use and self-regulation as mediators between personality and academic achievement among Chinese undergraduates in Malaysia.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(1), 245-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss1pp245-268

The Effect of Caffeine Consumption on Sleep Quality among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia

This study aims to determine the effect of caffeine consumption on sleep quality among university students. This was a cross-sectional study that used a quantitative approach method. The data for this study was collected using a structured online questionnaire and distributed via online platforms to identify eligible participants. All the participants self-administered all three sections of the questionnaire, which were sociodemographic variables, the caffeine questionnaire tool, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A chi-squared test was used to investigate the association between caffeine intake and sleep quality and the measured study characteristics. About 300 students, with a mean age of 21.95±1.43 years old, were recruited. The average caffeine intake of the study population was 193.54 mg per day. The respondents had good sleep quality was 44.7% while 55.3% had poor sleep. The study also found that there was a significant association between caffeine intake and sleep quality (p-value<0.01). Meanwhile, there was no significant association between sociodemographic characteristics and caffeine intake or sleep quality. This study shows that a student's excessive intake of caffeine is correlated with poor sleep quality. Therefore, prevention strategies should be used to raise awareness of the issue and understand how consuming too much caffeine might result in poor sleep quality.

Sustainable Learning Environment Amidst the Pandemic: An Adoption of Mobile Learning Readiness Among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia's Higher Institutions

Aim/Purpose: The present study explores the key determinants that influence the intention of public higher education institutions in Malaysia to utilize mobile learning. Furthermore, this study investigates the correlation between these attributes and the components that affect the sustainability viability of mobile learning. Background: The proliferation of mobile devices and the impact of COVID-19 have both played a role in the exponential growth of mobile learning. Mobile learning has emerged as an essential instrument and principal approach to student education within the higher education system amidst the pandemic. Nevertheless, research concerning the sustainability of mobile learning is still in its nascent phases in the post-pandemic period. Methodology: Structural equation modeling is utilized to analyze the gathered data and validate the hypotheses in this study, which comprises an online survey of 280 undergraduate students attending public higher education institutions in Malaysia. Contribution: This mobile learning research on the sustainability of learning environments during COVID-19 adds to the educational literature. This study reconstructs the antecedent factors of three fundamental constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain the features of mobile learning sustainability. This research provides a theoretical framework for mobile learning sustainability. Findings: Based on the empirical evidence, the intention to adopt mobile learning in Malaysian higher education institutions is notably and directly influenced by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Additionally, the core constructs of TPB are significantly impacted by perceived usefulness, instructor readiness, student readiness, perceived self-efficacy, and learning autonomy. Nevertheless, in Malaysian higher education institutions, the intention to adopt mobile learning is not significantly affected by the perceived ease of use. Recommendations for Practitioners: Mobile learning providers should work on enhancing the performance of this technology to improve content appropriateness and support. Higher education administrators should improve faculty readiness to strengthen the sustainability and efficacy of mobile learning. Improving students’ self-discipline in mobile learning and their perceived preparedness and self-efficacy is critical. Recommendation for Researchers: This study provides future researchers with a comprehensive perspective on mobile learning, which should be studied regarding technology acceptance, self-perception, and external influences, as well as a holistic research framework that combines internal and external aspects to explain mobile learning adoption behavior. Furthermore, future researchers should broaden their study horizons to include other educational institutions and populations and identify disparities to encourage broader use of mobile learning. Impact on Society: COVID-19 has profoundly impacted educational quality and the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study demonstrates how mobile learning gives a unique chance for students to continue their learning journey from the comfort of their homes, lessening the disruption caused by pandemics and contributing to the progress of excellent education globally. Future Research: Based on the findings, future research should broaden the study’s scope to include selecting students (undergraduate and postgraduate) and instructors from multiple universities in various states of Malaysia, collecting data and examining the differences between them, and providing an overall view of mobile learning adoption behaviors (intention to adopt and actual usage) from the perspective of both interactions.

An Analysis of Errors in Resumes and Job Application Letters: The Study of Malaysian Undergraduate Students

Writing a resume and cover letter is essential, especially for fresh graduates, as these documents are crucial for pursuing their desired careers after completing their studies. The unemployment rate in Malaysia, coupled with the economic downturn brought about by COVID-19, is set to increase competition between new graduates and more experienced job seekers. The formatting of these documents, which must be correctly formatted and without errors, is critical because employers usually review resumes and cover letters as an initial screening for candidates. In developing the checklist for the corpus analysis for this research, the researchers adopted the Error Analysis (EA) framework by Corder (1973). The present study addresses this issue by examining the errors in resumes and cover letters produced by Malaysian undergraduates. The research employed the corpus linguistics approach by gathering 60 resumes and 60 job application letters to identify errors using the Error Analysis (EA) framework. The findings showed that students' common errors were misselection, addition, omission, blends and misordering. The most prominent error found in the data was misselection. In the context of intense job competition among recent graduates in Malaysia, this study emphasises the significance of impeccably crafted resumes and cover letters. It offers valuable insights into making job applications more effective and practical. The findings of this research have the potential to serve as a valuable guide for undergraduate students, which will allow them to develop compelling and relevant content for job applications.

The Development of Forensic Entomology Questionnaire for Health-related Undergraduate Students from Universiti Teknologi MARA

Forensic entomology research in Malaysia started in the 1950s but research in this field is still scarce and limited to a few institutions. The objective of this study is to develop and validate a selfconstructed questionnaire of the knowledge and perception of forensic entomology. A cross-sectional validation study among health-related undergraduate students was conducted at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) in Selangor, Malaysia. The knowledge and perception questionnaire on forensic entomology underwent a content development and validation process through a pilot and a fieldtesting study. Psychometric properties have been explored using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation, scree plot, eigenvalues, Monte Carlo simulation, suppress small coefficients value below 0.40, communalities, inter-item correlation, internal consistency, and test-retest analyses. The content of the knowledge and perception questionnaire for forensic entomology were conceptually equivalent. The questionnaire was refined after face validation by five students. The pilot testing was conducted on 30 students. The refined version was then field-tested among 232 students. The KaiserMeyer-Olkin KMO test was 0.868, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was ≤ 0.001, indicating sampling adequacy. Two factors were identified which are knowledge and perception. The Cronbach’s alpha for knowledge and perception was 0.939 and 0.819, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0.493 to 0.923. The knowledge and perception questionnaire for forensic entomology is valid, reliable, and fairly stable over time. This questionnaire could be used to evaluate the levels of knowledge and perception on forensic entomology among undergraduate students in Malaysia.

COVID-19 Pandemic: Malaysian Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of Online Learning

The Covid-19 pandemic has introduced a new normal characterized by online learning. Students and instructors have been forced to familiarize with the online technologies and media that will foster learning. While many institutions and learners have embraced it, they have different perceptions of online learning depending on their experiences. The following research, therefore, seeks to research on Malaysian undergraduate students’ perception of online learning. Participants were obtained from one of the Malaysian universities. Ten participants engaged in the research and data was collected using a semi-structured interview where the participants were asked questions related to the topic. On the type of media commonly used by the leaners, all said that they preferred WhatsApp groups while 30% and 10% preferred zoom meeting and Moodle respectively. On whether the faculty had adequate resources, 70% of the participants agreed while the rest disagreed stating that they miss lessons as a result of insufficient resources. 80% of the learners also pointed out the intensity and quality of the internet as the main issue. Moreover, they were being given more assignments than course material because of the low innovation among undergraduate teachers. Half of the participants agreed that teachers had adequate resources to facilitate online learning.

Application of VAM to Examine the Virtual Tourism Adoption among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia

Over the past few years, there has been a gradual yet consistent surge in the utilization of virtual tourism (VT) within the tourism industry despite the challenges posed by the recent COVID-19 outbreak. Similarly, there is a prevailing belief that VT in the educational sector holds considerable value and offers substantial benefits in shaping an innovative educational experience. However, VT is still seen as a new thing in Malaysia’s education sector. Thus, this research aims to examine the undergraduate students’ VT adoption by using Value-based Adoption Model (VAM). Employing a quantitative method, 306 completed questionnaires were analyzed using Stata (version 14.2) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The empirical results revealed that the perceived usefulness and enjoyment were positively affecting the VT behavioural intention. However, the perceived cost was found to be statistically significant and positively affected the behavioural intent of VT. The high cost of using VT shows that sacrifices are required. Therefore, the perceived cost would not be a barrier to students taking up VT. This study was limited to only focusing on examining undergraduate students’ VT behavioural intention. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of VT adoption, future research could consider extending the study to include a wider demographic range. Considering the evolving nature of technology and tourism trends, longitudinal studies could be conducted to track changes in VT adoption patterns over time, providing valuable insights into the long-term impact of VT on the tourism industry.

The Relationship Between Religious Knowledge, Religious Personality and Inter-Ethnic Tolerance Among Malaysian Undergraduate Students

In a modern society that comprises various ethnic and religious groups, who share different cultures and languages, tolerance between these groups is a critical element in building peace and harmony. In the Malaysian context, the promotion and fostering of ethnic tolerance has become one of the main agendas of the government in strengthening inter-ethnic relations. This is one of the best ways to prevent ethnic conflict in a pluralistic Malaysian society. In addition, building ethnic tolerance among students of different ethnicities, whether in schools or higher education institutions, should be a major concern that needs to be systematically addressed from within the Malaysian education system. To date, past studies have shown that ethnic slurs, prejudice, and discrimination among students still occur, even though various efforts has been introduced to foster tolerance in the education system and curriculum. As such, the role of religiosity is identified as an important element in sustaining ethnic tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between religious knowledge, religious personality and inter-ethnic tolerance among Malaysian undergraduate students. Data was collected from 53 Malaysian undergraduate students using a survey questionnaire. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the variables. The results show a positive significant relationship between religious knowledge, religious personality and inter-ethnic tolerance among Malaysian undergraduate students. The results of this study indicate that the role of religious knowledge and religious personality could lead students to achieve ethnic tolerance in a multi-racial and multi-religious country like Malaysia.
 Keywords: inter-ethnic tolerance, religious knowledge, religious personality, undergraduate students, Malaysia

Are Malaysian undergraduates prepared to study online if another MCO exists?

Purpose The world after the pandemic of Covid-19 is looking at a different environment in teaching and learning and primarily being influenced by general online learning readiness. Perception towards the measurement of online learning readiness would also need to change. This study seeks to determine whether Malaysian undergraduate students are ready to study online if the Movement Control Order (MCO) is reimposed.Design/methodology/approach Using an online poll, this study analysed 299 undergraduate students from Malaysia's public and private universities. The collected data were then analysed using SmartPLS software to test the measurement model and structural equation modelling.Findings The findings of this study indicate that computer self-efficacy and self-directed learning have a substantially positive link with online learning preparedness among Malaysian undergraduate students.Research limitations/implications Findings in this study indicate that universities should draw comprehensive plans to enhance students' readiness in terms of indicators such as technology usage, technology availability, computer and internet efficacy, self-directed learning and attitude. One of the aspects that require change is online communication self-efficacy. Thus, there is a need for improvement, or this would affect undergraduates adversely, especially in the event of future MCO.Originality/value The originality of this article lies in the time frame this study was conducted, where cases of coronavirus infection are seen to increase around the world and there is a possibility that movement restrictions will be re-enforced. The findings in this study are expected to give insight to the government in the effort of the national higher education plan. By not undervaluing previous research models, this research model should give a new perspective to the academic literature on online learning among undergraduate students.

Validation of smartphone addiction scale-short version among Malaysian undergraduate students

Smartphone addiction scale-short version or SAS-SV has been consistently found to have one-factor structure and proven as a valid and reliable instrument to measure smartphone addiction. However, it has not been validated among the undergraduate students in Malaysia. With the aim to address such empirical gap, this study has validated its one-factor structure and assessed its reliability and validity among the 680 undergraduate students in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Its content validity was first demonstrated. Subsequently, the findings of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have supported and confirmed its one-factor model. Furthermore, its convergent validity and reliability were also proven to be satisfactory. Taken together, this study has demonstrated that SAS-SV is an instrument that can reliably and accurately measure or identify smartphone addiction symptoms among the undergraduate students in Malaysia.

Assessing the factor structure of the Eating Attitude Test-26 among undergraduate students in Malaysia.

The objective of this study was to assess the factor structure of the 26-item Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) among 1,084 undergraduate students in Malaysia. The initial findings indicated a lack of support for the proposed three-factor structure. Model modifications were made due to the inadequate initial fit. The fit of the model was significantly improved by excluding items with factor loadings below 0.40 and integrating residual covariances. In conclusion, it is necessary to make contextual modifications to the EAT-26 in order to effectively utilize it among Malaysian undergraduates. This highlights the significance of cultural adaptations in psychological instruments.

Insomnia and depression levels among Malaysian undergraduate students in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FMHS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) during Movement Control Order (MCO).

Rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 has caused the implementation of the movement control order (MCO) which aimed to reduce the spread in Covid-19 infections. While some may find it easy to adjust to the new norm, others found it difficult to switch from their normal routines and habits as according to the MCO SOP. This resulted in a more frequent insomnia and depression that subsequently impacted their mental health. Insomnia and depression levels are examined in this study as they relate to the Covid-19 Pandemic and the MCO among Malaysian undergraduate health sciences students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UPM. Random sampling methods were utilised with consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were the instrument packages used in this investigation. An internet platform was used to distribute the questionnaire. Based on the results, it is concluded that depression and insomnia are significantly correlated, with a p-value of 0.05. This study also revealed the link between the severity of insomnia and the severity of depression among UPM students studying health sciences. The percentage of students with depression and insomnia was rather high (54.9% and 33.9%, respectively), and this occurred during the second wave of Covid-19 cases in Malaysia.

The Acceptance of TikTok as a Tool in English Language Learning among University Students

TikTok is considered a potential tool for enhancing the development of students’ language skills and proficiency. However, research on the extent of students’ acceptance of using it as a language learning tool is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the level of acceptance of TikTok in English language learning and the factors contributing to the actual use of TikTok among undergraduate students in Malaysia. This study employed quantitative research methodology by disseminating a 32-item questionnaire to 200 undergraduate students at a public Malaysian university via a Google Form link. Sections A, B, C, D, E, and F of the questionnaire sought responses on the demographic profile, perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitudes, behavioural intention, and actual use of TikTok in English language acquisition, respectively. The findings revealed that the average scores for the individual items and the overall scores for each component being studied were within the range of 3 to 4.1 on a 5-point Likert scale. This result indicated that the student’s level of acceptance was above average. Students’ behavioural intentions were also found to be the most significant factor in determining whether or not TikTok was used for English language instruction. Students acknowledged the use of TikTok in English language learning, suggesting that it could be used as a pedagogical instrument in English language classrooms. Consequently, the findings highlight TikTok’s potential as a language learning tool in English language courses, as it strengthens educational platforms and enhances instruction by giving students more ways to learn languages.

Online Learning Experiences for Speaking Activities among Malaysian Undergraduate ESL Students

Speaking practice is crucial for ESL (English as a Second Language) students. Nevertheless, accomplishing speaking activities via online learning might be difficult for the college students at universities in Malaysia as they are non-native English speakers. There have been several studies about students' perceptions and preferences on online learning. Nonetheless, there was only a little research conducted to ascertain deep online learning perceptions and preferences of the undergraduate ESL students in Malaysia. The current article's goal was to look at ESL learners' opinions on the experiences through online connected to speaking activities at a public institution in Tanjong Malim. The mixed-research method of study was used. In this article, observation checklist, semi-structured student interview, and questionnaire were employed to get the information from the sample. The sample was then subjected to statistical analysis and standard deviation, mean score, as well as percentage to identify the Malaysian undergraduate ESL students toward online learning platforms, the difficulty that the learners encountered during the online learning, and the strategies implemented by undergraduate ESL students. Whereas the interview result was analysed by thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the use of technology for distant learning for undergraduate ESL students to improve speaking abilities was progressing well. This signifies that the students perceived that they have knowledge to use the online platforms with mean (x)= 4.07. However, several students noted that their main concern when undertaking online speaking exercises was the connection speed with mean (x)= 3.93. As a result, soliciting thoughts or ideas to boost their engagement in online speaking projects was beneficial to the pupils with mean (x)= 3.97.

Psychometric Properties of the Quality of Undergraduate Learning Experiences in Malaysian Universities

Malaysian higher educational institutions are bracing to compete at the international level with the institutions that produce evidence of quality teaching and learning and positive students’ experiences. In this matter, students’ engagement in learning activities has been heralded as a quality indicator of the higher educational institutions’ performance as well as undergraduate students’ learning. However, there is a need to examine the level of undergraduate learning engagement based on the principles of good educational practices and a need to provide empirical evidence of the extent to which higher educational institutions in Malaysia support undergraduates’ learning and growth. For this purpose, the current study proposes a framework for quality teaching and learning in Malaysia by developing a measurement instrument to measure the quality of undergraduates’ learning experiences (QULEX) in Malaysian higher education. The current study evaluated the reliability and factor structure of the QULEX using a sample of 1,892 Malaysian undergraduate students. QULEX consists of 12 factors with 47 items to measure the quality of undergraduates’ learning experiences. The factor structure of the QULEX was examined by employing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings showed that items loadings, composite reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the variables provide robust empirical evidence to support the implementation of QULEX in the Malaysian academic context. The findings from this study will inform policymakers and practitioners upon student feedback concerning the variables that will derive teaching and learning excellence.

EXPLORING A TRICOMPONENT ATTITUDE MODEL FOR THE APPLICATION OF “FORCED” ONLINE LEARNING IN THE POST-COVID ERA

Purpose – The present study explores a tricomponent attitude model for “forced” online learning applied in the post-Covid era following the online learning transition. The study aims to provide a reference for future practitioners in the event a similar crisis results in the mandatory transition towards this study mode again. Methodology – Following the guideline for judgmental sampling, a total of 156 valid responses were collected from Malaysian undergraduate students via an online questionnaire from Google Forms. The respondents’ profiles were computed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0, while Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to validate the measurement model, structural model, and mediation model for hypothesis testing. Findings – The findings demonstrate that perceived usefulness (PU) is insignificant when online learning is the only feasiblelearning strategy. Technical system quality (TSQ) was found to be positively related to perceived ease of use (PEU), attitude (ATT),and student satisfaction, while quality of content (QC) was found to be positively related to PEU and student satisfaction. The remaining hypotheses were rejected. These findings are expected to transform various student attitude, leading to the cognitive components of PEU and PU and ultimately contributing to student satisfaction. In line with the government’s desire to transform digital education in higher education, TSQ and QC constitute a framework for shaping the affective components of students’ attitude. Attitude, in turn, drives students’ PEU and PU, which are two critical factors of the Technology Acceptance Model that serve as the main determinants of student satisfaction. Significance – The study demonstrates that instructors can use a variety of strategies to increase student satisfaction with onlineeducation, which can be beneficial even in the post-Covid era. The findings can aid education providers in implementing necessarychanges to improve online learning for their students in the future. In addition, the study reveals that through the pandemic, studentshave become more resilient and have begun to value online learning, highlighting the importance of considering the long-term effects of online learning on student satisfaction.

The Relationship between Internet Addiction, Mental Health and Suicidal Behavior among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between internet addiction, mental health and suicidal behavior among undergraduate students in Malaysia. Online survey method is used in this study. 150 undergraduate students were recruited through convenience sampling. There were three instruments used in this study which were The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Mental Health Inventory-18 (MHI-18) and The Suicide Behavior Questionnaire Revised (SBQ-R). Descriptive analysis is conducted to determine the prevalence of university students with internet addiction. The results showed that undergraduate students with severe internet addiction was 5.3 %, while 51.3 % of the undergraduate student had moderate level of internet addiction, 28.7% of them had mild level of internet addiction and the rest were normal users of internet. Next, Pearson’s Correlation analysis showed that there is a low negative correlation between internet addiction and mental health (r_150 = -.27, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the Pearson’s Correlation analysis also showed that there is a weak positive correlation between internet addiction and suicidal behavior (r_150 = .23, p < 0.01). In conclusion, we can observe that internet addiction is significantly related to mental health and suicidal behavior. We need to take this issue more seriously as mental health is an important aspect in our life.
  
 Keywords: Internet addiction, Mental health, Suicidal behavior, Undergraduate students