Uncontrollable Use Research Articles

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Mencegah Kecanduan Gadget pada Remaja

The role of Christian religious education teachers is crucial in guiding teenagers to use gadgets wisely and in line with Christian teachings. Uncontrollable use of gadgets can lead to addiction, which in turn can damage the understanding of Christian values and moral behavior of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of Christian Religious Education Teachers in Preventing Gadget Addiction in Teenagers. The results of this study show that (1) Christian Religious Education teachers have a very important role in helping adolescents understand and overcome the problem of gadget addiction through moral and spiritual education based on biblical values. (2) Christian Religious Education teachers need to collaborate with parents in preventing and overcoming gadget addiction in adolescents (3) Christian Religious Education teachers, play a role in guiding adolescents in dealing with the use of gadgets wisely, as well as highlighting strategies that can be used to achieve this goal including effective communication. Thus, Christian Religious Education Teachers as a foundation in overcoming and building awareness of adolescents so that adolescents are not affected in the excessive use of gadgets.

An Analysis of Social Media Addiction in Adolescents

Adolescents around the world now utilize social media on a daily basis. Social media addiction, a psychobehavioral condition, is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable use of social media and compulsive attention to it. It has been linked to a number of negative health effects. As social media has grown in popularity, the potential impact on teenage health and well-being has received a great deal of social and academic attention. Research on social media addiction and its consequences is urgently needed in order to create effective prevention strategies. Despite increased research into social media addiction, there are still numerous hurdles and research gaps. This paper uses observation and questionnaires to investigate and understand adolescents. The findings of the study suggest that there are a wide range of consequences, both positive and negative, associated with social media use among adolescents. However, the risk of social media addiction is considerable due to the lack of self-control among adolescents, which is prevalent in terms of the percentage of social media users.

Characterizing changes in drug use behaviour following supply shortages of 5-MeO-DIPT, alkyl nitrites and new psychoactive substances among men living with HIV in Japan.

Since 2005, Japan has incrementally banned a range of new psychoactive substances (NPS), including 5-MeO-DIPT (5MO; foxy) and alkyl nitrites (AN; rush, poppers) that have commonly been used among men who have sex with men (MSM). After the largest ban in 2014, these drugs were reported to have disappeared from the domestic market. Given that 5MO/AN/NPS use has been prevalent among men living with HIV in Japan, a population largely comprised of MSM, we sought to characterize changes in their drug use behavior following the supply shortages. Using data from two waves of a nationwide survey of people living with HIV in Japan in 2013 and 2019-20 (n=1042), we employed multivariable modified Poisson regression to identify correlates of self-reported reactions to the 5MO/AN/NPS shortages and changes in drug use behavior in 2019-20vs. 2013. Among 391 men (96.7% MSM) surveyed in 2019-20, following the supply shortages, 234 (59.8%) stopped using 5MO/AN/NPS, 52 (13.3%) retained access to the supply, and 117 (29.9%) used substitute drugs: most commonly, methamphetamine (60.7%). Individuals who used substitutes were more likely to report unprotected sex (adjusted relative risk [ARR]=1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-2.47) as well as low (ARR=2.35; 95% CI: 1.46-3.79) and lower middle (vs. upper middle to high) socioeconomic status (ARR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.00-2.41). The prevalence of past-year methamphetamine use (ARR=1.93; 95% CI: 1.11-3.35) and self-reported uncontrollable drug use (ARR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.07-2.53) were significantly higher in 2019-20 compared to 2013. Following the supply shortages, approximately one-fifth of our participants used methamphetamine as a substitute for 5MO/AN/NPS. Methamphetamine use and perceived uncontrollable drug use also appeared to have increased at the population level after the supply shortages. These findings suggest a potentially harmful substance displacement effect of the aggressive ban. Harm reduction interventions are needed in this population.

Social Media Devices' Influence on User Neck Pain during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Collaborating Vertebral-GLCM Extracted Features with a Decision Tree.

The prevalence of neck pain, a chronic musculoskeletal disease, has significantly increased due to the uncontrollable use of social media (SM) devices. The use of SM devices by younger generations increased enormously during the COVID-19 pandemic, being-in some cases-the only possibility for maintaining interpersonal, social, and friendship relationships. This study aimed to predict the occurrence of neck pain and its correlation with the intensive use of SM devices. It is based on nine quantitative parameters extracted from the retrospective X-ray images. The three parameters related to angle_1 (i.e., the angle between the global horizontal and the vector pointing from C7 vertebra to the occipito-cervical joint), angle_2 (i.e., the angle between the global horizontal and the vector pointing from C1 vertebra to the occipito-cervical joint), and the area between them were measured from the shape of the neck vertebrae, while the rest of the parameters were extracted from the images using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). In addition, the users' ages and the duration of the SM usage (H.mean) were also considered. The decision tree (DT) machine-learning algorithm was employed to predict the abnormal cases (painful subjects) against the normal ones (no pain). The results showed that angle_1, area, and the image contrast significantly increased statistically with the time of SM-device usage, precisely in the range of 2 to 9 h. The DT showed a promising result demonstrated by classification accuracy and F1-scores of 94% and 0.95, respectively. Our findings confirmed that the objectively detected parameters, which elucidate the negative impacts of SM-device usage on neck pain, can be predicted by DT machine learning.

ТУРИСТСКО-РЕКРЕАЦИОННАЯ СИСТЕМА В СВЕТЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ГЕОГРАФИИ

The phenomenon of tourism attracts an increasing number of researchers every year. Due to the fact that tourism activities are interdisciplinary, intersectoral, and interregional in nature, researchers from different scientific fields are engaged in the study: geographers, economists, financiers, biologists, lawyers, doctors, etc. Tourist activities are carried out in a specific territory with certain recreational and socio-economic resources, which is why the most important research on tourist and recreational systems (TRS) was carried in Russian science by economic geographers. The article contains an overview of the works by Russian and foreign authors engaged in the study of TRS; the terms ‘system’ and ‘complex’ are analyzed both in the modern sense and in the interpretation of the authors of previous centuries. It should be noted that researchers often overlook the fact that the TRS as a social economic system is based on production relations inherent in the current level of development of productive forces. The article deals with the functional component structure of the TRS from the standpoint of economic theory, as a result of which the central subsystem (tourists) was found to be a broader subsystem, including tourists and service personnel, i.e. human resources. Further, it is substantiated that the main subsystem is the management authorities: a TRS can develop without this subsystem, but its development would be based on chaotical and uncontrollable use of recreational resources and infrastructure, eventually leading to the depletion of resources, environmental degradation, and a decrease in the attractiveness of this TRS for recreationists.

Personality traits associated with Internet addiction among college students in South India

Usage of Internet and electronic gadgets have become a part of our daily life. Especially, nowadays students need to use Internet for various purposes including academic activities. But the uncontrollable use of Internet can interfere one’s daily activities and may develop an addictive behaviour. The current study was aimed to find the difference of personality traits among people who are addicted and non-addicted to Internet. It was also intended to find the influence of personality traits on Internet addiction. The sample consisted of 421 students collected by multistage random sampling method from Kerala, India, age ranging from 18 to 25 (mean = 20.09). NEO FFI-3 and Internet Addiction Test were used for data collection. Neuroticism was significantly higher among the addicted participants, while personality traits such as agreeableness and conscientiousness were more among the non-addicted students. Along with this, neuroticism was positively correlated with Internet addiction, whereas openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness were negatively correlated. Furthermore, the study observed that neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness can predict Internet addiction. Besides, Internet addiction was found to be more among males than females. Similarly, nuclear family members were having more addiction than participants from joint family.

Insights into the Vibrio Genus: A One Health Perspective from Host Adaptability and Antibiotic Resistance to In Silico Identification of Drug Targets.

The genus Vibrio comprises an important group of ubiquitous bacteria of marine systems with a high infectious capacity for humans and fish, which can lead to death or cause economic losses in aquaculture. However, little is known about the evolutionary process that led to the adaptation and colonization of humans and also about the consequences of the uncontrollable use of antibiotics in aquaculture. Here, comparative genomics analysis and functional gene annotation showed that the species more related to humans presented a significantly higher amount of proteins associated with colonization processes, such as transcriptional factors, signal transduction mechanisms, and iron uptake. In comparison, those aquaculture-associated species possess a much higher amount of resistance-associated genes, as with those of the tetracycline class. Finally, through subtractive genomics, we propose seven new drug targets such as: UMP Kinase, required to catalyze the phosphorylation of UMP into UDP, essential for the survival of bacteria of this genus; and, new natural molecules, which have demonstrated high affinity for the active sites of these targets. These data also suggest that the species most adaptable to fish and humans have a distinct natural evolution and probably undergo changes due to anthropogenic action in aquaculture or indiscriminate/irregular use of antibiotics.

Effect of social media overload on college students’ academic performance under the COVID-19 quarantine

Features and relevant services of online social media have been attracting users during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies have shown that college students tend to use social media more frequently than other groups. However, in being affected by social media overload, the social media use behaviors of many college students have been out of their control in terms of their capabilities or cognition. Based on the stressor–strain–outcome (SSO) model and the theory of compensatory internet use (TCIU), we developed a research model to study the causes of social media overload and its impact on college students’ academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 441 valid responses from college students through questionnaires in China are collected via purposive sampling and used in the data analysis. This study conducts PLS-SEM to analyze collected data, finding that boredom proneness is associated with overload (stress), which has a bearing on social media overload (strain) and the reduction in final performance (outcome). Through illustrating the psychological and behavioral conditions that hinder the academic performance of students, this study provides deeper insights into students’ uncontrollable use of social media. Moreover, with respect to the identified antecedents, this study aims to find solutions to mitigate the impact of social media overload resulting from boredom proneness on the academic performance of college students.

Internet addiction among psychology students: the role of resilience and perceived economic hardship

The present study aimed to investigate internet addiction among psychology students, as well as the role of resilience and perceived economic hardship in the manifestation of the phenomenon. The study involved 252 students (233 women, 19 men) of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. They completed a self-report questionnaire, which included a short version of a scale on resilience (The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale - CD-RISC), a scale on perceived economic hardship (Economic Hardship Questionnaire), and a scale on Internet Addiction (Internet Addiction Test). The results showed that students of Psychology, regardless of their academic year, make above-average/normal and excessive/addictive internet use displaying indicative behaviors (e.g., uncontrollable internet use, neglect of social life). Furthermore, based on the path analysis models, it seemed that students’ resilience is a negative predictor of above-average/normal and excessive/addictive internet use (and their indicative behaviors). An indirect positive predictive relationship was also found between students’ perceived economic hardship and their above-average/normal and excessive/addictive internet use (and their indicative behaviors) through their sense of resilience. The findings emphasize the need to implement preventive counselling actions within university campuses to engender a safe internet culture among students and strengthen their sense of resilience, especially in a period of recovery from economic crisis.

Effects of activation parameters on Zeolitic imidazolate framework JUC-160-derived, nitrogen-doped hierarchical nanoporous carbon and its volatile iodine capture properties

Despite its importance in the nuclear industry, the uncontrollable use and/or accidental release of iodine in the environment pose serious threats to human health and endanger wildlife. Therefore, effective removal of radioiodine from various environmental media is necessary to circumvent its adverse effect. Herein, we report on an excellent and highly efficient capture of iodine by ZIF (JUC-160)-derived ultra-porous carbon. The ultra-porous carbon, obtained through KOH activation at high temperature, displayed unprecedented iodine capture properties with uptake capacities of 1567 mg g−1 and 821 wt.% in the aqueous and vapor phases, respectively. Various conditions including activation temperature and residency time effects on material properties and uptake performances were evaluated. The results showed that iodine uptake increased with increasing activation temperature; while activation time beyond 60 min was not favorable because the carbon materials were completely gasified. Kinetics and Isotherm fitting with the experimental data was done to assess sorption behavior of the derived carbon materials and their interactions with iodine. The results showed that chemisorption was the dominant medium through which iodine was captured as confirmed by both pseudo-second order and Langmuir models. Furthermore, the main mechanism involved in the process was mainly attributed to electron donor-acceptor interactions wherein the oxygen-containing functional groups and nitrogen active sorption sites of the carbon materials acted as electron donors. This work provides insight into optimizing KOH activation temperature and residency time for best performance of iodine adsorbents.

Exploring the associations of youth Facebook addiction with social capital perceptions

Purpose Although Facebook addiction has been found to be a key motive for using Facebook, scant research has explored the association of Facebook addiction with social capital. While researchers addressed how Facebook use strengthened social capital, they did not address the resultant excessive and uncontrollable Facebook use, which is a key sign of Facebook addiction. Therefore, the authors develop this project to study this research gap.Design/methodology/approach This research explores the motive of Facebook addiction by using a questionnaire to examine the relationships between Facebook addiction and two types of social capital: cognitive and bonding social capital. The authors recruited Hong Kong youth through Facebook and peer groups to complete a set of questionnaires on Facebook addiction, cognitive social capital, bonding social capital and the degree of extraversion. Hierarchical regression is used for analyzing the data collected.Findings Hierarchical regression results indicated that the more addicted one was to Facebook, the lower the cognitive social capital one perceived. Such a negative relationship was particularly significant for female participants. A similar but marginally significant effect is also found for bonding social capital.Originality/value This research sheds light on the impact of Facebook addiction on how one perceives shared meanings and the sense of belongingness with other people on social networks.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-06-2021-0300.

136. A trying time: Problematic Internet Use (PIU) and its Association With Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is defined as uncontrollable internet use associated with psychosocial or functional impairment that is not due to a primary psychiatric diagnosis. PIU has been measured using different screening tools such as the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) for Internet Addiction or the Internet Addiction Tool (IAT) and the pre-pandemic prevalence has been variable at 0-26.3%. The prevalence using the Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale (PRIUSS) is estimated at 9-11.1% in American college-aged students.

Steroid glaucoma

Glucocorticosteroids are widely used in clinical and ophthalmic practice, but their unjustifi ed and uncontrollable use is unacceptable. Prescription of steroids has to be controlled strictly and the level of intraocular pressure must be diagnosed, because one of the signifi cant side eff ect of steroids is increased intraocular pressure level and, as a result, the development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This review deals with the pathogenesis of an increase in the level of intraocular pressure against various forms of glucocorticosteroids intake, describes the time and duration of their ocular-hypertensive eff ect. The available data on the features of the clinical picture of steroid glaucoma, depending on the routes of their entry, have been studied in detail. The tactics of treating patients with ocular hypertension or a proven case of steroid glaucoma are described.

The contributions of social comparison to social network site addiction.

Excessive use of social network sites (SNSs) can often lead to negative consequences of frequent upward social comparisons despite having the social network platform to present users in a favorable light. However, the existing literature gives little evidence to social comparison related antecedents and consequents of uncontrollable use of SNSs. The present study aimed to investigate the contributions of social comparison to SNS addiction. In Study 1, using a convenient sample in Austria (n = 103), we showed that the tendency to engage in social comparisons of ability (but not of opinion) predicted self-reported SNS addiction over and above the feelings of relative deprivation on social support and status. SNS addiction mediated the relations between social comparison of ability and stress, but not self-esteem. In Study 2, using a broad sample of participants in Austria (n = 500), we replicated the findings observed in Study 1 and showed that contrastive upward social comparison emotions (i.e., envy, depression) mediated the relation between SNS addiction and lower self-esteem whereas the contrastive downward social comparison emotion (i.e., contentment) mediated the relation between SNS addiction and higher self-esteem. Our findings suggest that SNS addiction closely relates to psychological constructs relevant to social comparison, mediates the link between social comparison of ability and detrimental consequences (i.e., stress, well-being) and demonstrate how social comparison emotions relate to both positive and negative associations between SNS addiction and self-esteem.

Pemanfaatan Nilai Budaya Ra’ian dalam Strategi Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi Pembentukan Karakter Pemuda di Desa Sawang Utara Kecamatan Melonguane


 
 
 
 The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the characteristics and realities of the Ra'ian culture, the christian education strategy for the Ra'ian culture, the supporting and inhibiting factors and the efforts to implement the Rai'an cultural values ​in building the youth character. This research method is the descriptive qualitative research conducted in the North Sawang Village, Melonguane District in 2020. The data were collected through observation, interviews and documentary study. From the outcomes of the data analysis and interpretation, it is found that; (1). In reality, this Rai’an culture contains positive meaning in accordance with Christian teachings and has cultural values ​​that can be used as substance for the character building. The Rai’an culture has undergone a shift due to a lack of knowledge from the youth about the Rai’an culture. (2). Advice and sermons as the ways to build the character as they contain teachings based on the gospel, as well as the applicaton or approach of the five movements of the Groome as a way of instilling rai’an cultural values, 3). The supporting factors, namely parents at home who also collaborate with traditional elders, village leaders and religious figures, make customary activity programs. The inhibiting factors of social and Technology Advancements are uncontrollable use of collphones (online games) but also the social environment that drivers them to carry out deviant behavior. (4). The effort that can be made is to involve the youth in organizational activities in the village and in the church as well as seminars containing the cultural wealth that exists in the Talaud Island Regency, especially those in the village of North Sawang. As a conclusion of these findings, this Rai’an culture must be introduced to the youth properly in the way of utilizing the cultural values ​​as the teaching materials by Christian educators. The parents and the leaders of the village, custom and church work together to formulate programs in building the youth character.
 
 
 

The impact of internet addiction on depression, physical activity level and trigger point sensitivity in Turkish university students.

Internet addiction (IA), defined as excessive, time consuming, uncontrollable use of the internet, has become a widespread problem. In this study, we investigated the impact of internet addiction on depression, physical activity level, and latent trigger point sensitivity in Turkish university students. A total of 215 university students (155 females and 60 males) who were between 18-25 years of age participated in the study. Using the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form (APIINT), we identified 51 people as non-internet-addicted (non-IA) (Group 1: 10 male/41 female) and 51 as internet-addicted (IA) (Group 2: 7 male/44 female). APIINT, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short-Form (IPAQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were administered to both groups, and the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) in upper/middle trapezius latent trigger points area was measured. The internet addiction rate was 24.3% in our students. Compared with the non-IA group, the daily internet use time and BDI and NDI scores were higher (all p< 0.05), while the IPAQ walking (p< 0.01), IPAQ total (p< 0.05), and PPT values (p< 0.05) were lower in the IA group. IA is a growing problem. This addiction may lead to musculoskeletal problems and can have consequences involving the level of physical activity, depression, and musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the neck.

Application of Phagotherapy in the Treatment of Burn Patients (Review).

Treatment of patients with a burn injury is a complex process involving multicomponent multidirectional intensive therapy of the majority of organs and systems damaged by thermal effects on the skin, alternating with repeated surgical interventions aimed at removing nonviable tissues with subsequent plastic closure of wound defects. After the recovery from the burn shock, local infectious complications are considered to be the leading problem that decelerates the process of recovery and is the main cause of lethal outcomes. Since the skin integrity is broken, microorganisms penetrate readily into the internal environment of the human organism resulting in a septic state with multiple organ failure. A widespread and often uncontrollable use of antibacterial drugs in medical practice has led to the emergence of multiple drug resistance (MDR) in microorganisms.Introduction of drugs made on the basis of bacteriophages into practice is presently becoming increasingly important. This is confirmed by the growing interest in this field of pharmacology, the development of special programs aimed at studying the processes of phage and bacterial cell interaction.This review presents the main types of bacteria pertaining to MDR pathogens, principles of their classification, and the risk factors for infecting patients. The mechanisms of the selective action of phage particles on a bacterial cell and the possibility of using phage therapy in the treatment of burn injury (experimental and clinical data) based on the analysis of foreign literature are demonstrated as well as new positive properties of phages related to the changes in the macroorganism immune status caused by the interaction with bacteriophage particles.

\u201cMy life is under control with these medications\u201d: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of managing chronic pain with opioids

BackgroundThe use of opioids to relieve chronic pain has increased during the last decades, but experiences of chronic opioid therapy (COT) (> 90 days) point at risks and loss of beneficial effects. Still, some patients report benefits from opioid medication, such as being able to stay at work. Guidelines for opioid use in chronic pain do not consider the individual experience of COT, including benefits and risks, making the first person perspective an important scientific component to explore. The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of managing chronic pain with opioids in a sample who have severe chronic pain but are able to manage their pain sufficiently to remain at work.MethodsWe used a qualitative research design: interpretative phenomenological analysis. Ten individuals with chronic pain and opioid therapy were purposively sampled in Swedish tertiary care.ResultsThree super-ordinate themes emerged from the analyses: Without opioids, the pain becomes the boss; Opioids as a salvation and a curse, and Acknowledgement of the pain and acceptance of opioid therapy enables transition to a novel self. The participants used opioids to regain control over their pain, thus reclaiming their wanted life and self, and sense of control over one’s life-world. Using opioids to manage pain was not unproblematic and some of the participants had experienced a downward spiral of escalating pain and uncontrollable opioid use, and stigmatisation.ConclusionsAll participants emphasised the importance of control, regarding both pain and opioid use. To accomplish this, trust between participants and health care providers was essential for satisfactory treatment. Regardless of the potential sociocultural benefits of staying at work, participants had experiences of balancing positive and negative effects of opioid therapy, similar to what previous qualitative research has found.Measurable improvement of function and quality of life, may justify the long-term use of opioids in some cases. However, monitoring of adverse events should be mandatory. This requires close cooperation and a trusting relationship between the patients and their health care provider.

Unraveling the Mechanisms of Behaviors Associated With AUDs Using Flies and Worms.

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are very common worldwide and negatively affect both individuals and societies. To understand how normal behavior turns into uncontrollable use of alcohol, several approaches have been utilized in the last decades. However, we still do not completely understand how AUDs evolve or how they are maintained in the brains of affected individuals. In addition, efficient and effective treatment is still in need of development. This review focuses on alternative approaches developed over the last 20years using Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila) and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as genetic model systems to determine the mechanisms underlying the action of ethanol (EtOH) and behaviors associated with AUDs. All the results and insights of studies over the last 20years cannot be comprehensively summarized. Thus, a few prominent examples are provided highlighting the principles of the genes and mechanisms that have been uncovered and are involved in the action of EtOH at the cellular level. In addition, examples are provided of the genes and mechanisms that regulate behaviors relevant to acquiring and maintaining excessive alcohol intake, such as decision making, reward and withdrawal, and/or relapse regulation. How the insight gained from the results of Drosophila and C.elegans models can be translated to higher organisms, such as rodents and/or humans, is discussed, as well as whether these insights have any relevance or impact on our understanding of the mechanisms underlying AUDs in humans. Finally, future directions are presented that might facilitate the identification of drugs to treat AUDs.

Problematic Pornography Use and Physical and Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Men in Batterer Intervention Programs.

Recent decades witnessed a surge in pornography use, contributing to what some researchers referred to as problematic pornography use (PPU; excessive, compulsive, and uncontrollable pornography use). Informed by cognitive scripts theory, cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental research spanning several decades documented a positive association between men's pornography use and physical and sexual violence perpetration. However, there is a paucity of research investigating pornography use broadly, and PPU specifically, among men who perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV). The present cross-sectional study investigated the association between self-reported PPU and physical and sexual IPV perpetration among 273 men in batterer intervention programs. After accounting for psychiatric symptomology and substance use and problems, results revealed a positive association between PPU and both physical and sexual IPV perpetration. Findings highlighted the need for continued investigation of the function of pornography use for violent men, particularly as it relates to physical and sexual IPV perpetration.