Uncontrollable Impulse Research Articles

Rage as a political emotion

AbstractGeorge Floyd's murder by a white policeman has sparked the largest urban uprising in US cities since the 1960s. By contextualising this wave of uprisings in the broader context of similar uprisings in twenty‐first‐century US cities, this paper shows that such an uprising has long been in the making with the violence, murders and revolts that have marked US cities since the turn of the century. My argument in this paper is against the pathological framing of these uprisings that evokes the alleged irrational anger of those who participate in the uprisings and the bad behaviour of a few police officers. Such a framing directs attention away from the structural violence that is at the source of these uprisings, and perpetuates racialised images of those who participate in the uprisings as irrational and impulsive. These uprisings, I argue, are not the actions of irrationally angry individuals mindlessly following the crowds; they cannot be reduced to gratuitous looting and burning, and they are not triggered by some police officers behaving badly. The sources of this urban rage lie in systematic, mostly unchecked, violence. The rage that erupts in these uprisings is a political emotion guided by cognition and judgements about right and wrong, just and unjust, rather than a pathological reaction spurred by uncontrollable impulses. It is a deliberate response to white contempt and the violence associated with it.

Psychoanalysis’s Perversions: Witches, Bitches, and Sluts

ABSTRACT Considered one of the three main structures of psychoanalytic psychopathology, perversion is quite an extensive category that is often based on behavior that is supposedly abnormal: nonhegemonic sexual practices and antisocial offenses or uncontrollable impulses. The epistemological and political controversy involved in the use of this term raises several questions, one of which is the moral reach of this notion coined by 19th-century psychiatry and passed on to mainstream psychoanalysis. This article aims to tackle the role sexuality naturalization plays in the psychoanalytic theorization of perversions, but also the extensiveness of this category. To address these questions, the author considers some current definitions of perversions in psychoanalytic psychopathology, to try to question some of their theoretical assumptions. When confronting these controversial definitions with Freud’s multilayered considerations about perversions, the author finds that it appears that Freud did not so much take up the category as he subverted it. Hence, in light of gender and sexuality deconstruction, and following Foucault’s injunction to “bodies and pleasures,” the author tries to show how psychoanalysis should remain perverse, in order to perpetuate Freud’s subversive approach to perversions.

Triggers, Home Remedies, and Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

Restless Legs Syndrome- is a disorder in which you have an uncontrollable impulse to move your legs, usually in response to an unpleasant sensation. It usually happens when you're seated or lying down in the evening or at night. Moving around temporarily alleviates the uncomfortable sensation. Restless legs syndrome, also known as Willis-Ekbom sickness, can strike at any age and worsens with time. It can interfere with daily tasks by disrupting sleep. Simple self-care and lifestyle adjustments may be beneficial in alleviating symptoms. Medications also help many people with RLS1.

Criminal Responsibility (Insanity Defense)

Abstract Criminal responsibility refers to a person’s ability to understand his action, behavior at the time a crime is committed, what a person is thinking when he commits a crime or the expected result when a crime is committed. Crime is defined in terms of an act or omission (actus reus) and a mental state (mens rea). In this paper, is presented the general concept of irresponsibility and essentially reduced responsibility as a reason to be exempted from the punishment provided by the Criminal Code. Any perpetrator of a criminal offense who is capable of undertaking any action can be an active subject of a criminal offense, with the fact that regarding their sanctioning by the criminal system is concerned there are some restrictions related to age as well as dividing the perpetrators into responsible and non-responsible ones. For a person to be convicted of a crime, there must be evidence that proves his guilt, and that proves whether the perpetrator was in a regular state of mind or committed the criminal offense due to his irresponsibility. Another important element of this scientific paper is the historical aspects of how irresponsibility has been treated from the customary law to the present day, a huge focus gets also the treatment of the biological-psychological concept on one hand and the treatment of the legal concept on the other hand for this category of people. A criminal defendant who turns out to have been incapacitated at the time he committed a crime may be acquitted because of his incapacity, or he may be sentenced leniently because he was unable to understand the importance of his actions. Legally, the defendant must prove and convince the court that he was not able to understand his actions, or he is not able to distinguish right from wrong, or he must prove that he committed the act in uncontrolled impulses.

Burns, Satan, and the Sin of Rhyme

In this article I consider the ways that two of the chief influences on Burns’s creative life, the satanic and the sexual, are bedfellows and reveal Romantic ribaldry. Both sources of inspiration were discovered in his youth; both appear as mysterious, uncontrollable impulses that are not only depicted with humour but also suggest that, for Burns, comedy is drawn from and aligned with transgressive powers that are instinct with the making of poetry. Burns’s comic demonic is crucial to appreciating the distinctive character of his writing, but it also allows us to better appreciate the ways in which the ridiculous is aligned with the Romantic. Burns was no ‘Heaven-taught ploughman’ as we know. Though he played up to the image, he must have been tickled by it too, given how far from ‘heaven taught’ he liked to imagine his muses being. The laughter of Burns’s Satanism provides a vital contrast to the sublime, visionary company we have long associated with Romanticism. Encouraged by and combining the bawdier moments of Milton’s Paradise Lost with the supernaturalism of rural Scottish folklore, Burns’s comic demonic is something we would do well to take more seriously if not more solemnly as regards Romantic Satanism.

Antidepressant treatment in premenstrual dysphoric disorder, case report

IntroductionPremenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is included for the first time in the last edition of DSM within affective disorders. It is necessary that 5 of a list of 11 symptoms (lability, irritability, depressed mood, anxiety, lethargy, being out of control or physical symptoms among others) appear in the majority of menstrual cycles but must be only present during the week before menstruation improving after its onset. It has a prevalence of 1,8-5,8% and it is associated to significant functional impairment. SSRIs are indicated as first-line treatment in severe symptoms.ObjectivesTo review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder and its psychopharmacological treatment.MethodsWe carry out a literature review about premenstrual dysphoric disorder, accompanied by a clinical description of one patient treated with sertraline.Results44 years old female referred to our outpatient mental health service due to anxious and depressive symptoms. She had presented abdominal pain, anxiety, obsessive thoughts, sadness, emotional lability, apahty, anergy, uncontrolled impulse, irritability and vociferous attitude with verbal agressiveness only the week before menstruation during several years. These symptoms interfered negatively in her relationships. We started sertraline treatment with ad integrum clinical recovery after two menstrual cycles. 6 months later we indicated to take sertraline only the week before menstruation, maintaining stability.Conclusions1) It is important to consider premenstrual dysphoric disorder as a possible diagnosis in women with premenstrual discomfort symptoms. 2) It might be consider as a depressive disorder. 3) Antidepressant treatment should be considered in women with disabling symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Emotion regulation and cooperation

ABSTRACT Classic accounts of the evolution of human cooperation conceive emotions as automatic and uncontrollable impulses toward prosocial behavior. I argue that this view of emotion is incorrect, but that classic accounts of the evolution of human cooperation can benefit from an alternative view. The social and moral emotions are not untamed passions, but carefully cultivated and regulated states, which promote cooperation only if they develop properly in childhood and then are actively managed in adulthood. I argue that part and parcel of the normal development of human emotion is the development of emotion regulation skills, or abilities to intervene on and manage one’s emotions in real time. I then argue that unmanaged emotions – or emotions that evade an individual’s control – tend to discourage cooperation, while managed emotions – or emotions that are brought under control – tend to encourage it. Finally, I argue that the cultivation of emotion regulation skills allows social and moral emotions to continue to promote cooperation, even though the world that many humans inhabit today is radically different from the world in which these emotions first evolved.

‘Animal instincts’: the sexual abuse of women with learning difficulties, 1830s–1910s

ABSTRACT Girls and women with learning difficulties have one of the highest risks of being sexually assaulted and raped. This article looks at the sexual abuse of girls and women in Britain between the 1830s and the 1910s. I will be arguing that, during the course of the nineteenth century, attitudes to girls and women with learning disabilities who claimed to have been raped became significantly harsher. Rather than needing to be protected from rapacious men, they were increasingly blamed for their own violation. They came to be viewed as sexually precocious, possessing ‘animal instincts’ that meant that they needed to be institutionalized (or otherwise constrained) in order to prevent them from seducing the men with whom they came into contact. This concept of ‘animal instincts’ conflated long-held views about the intellectually impaired: they were closer to ‘beasts’ and possessed uncontrollable and socially-dangerous impulses.

Unable to Resist the Temptation to Tell the Truth or to Lie for the Organization? Identification Makes the Difference

Previous research indicates that the depletion of self-regulatory resources can promote unethical behavior that benefits the self. Extending this literature, we focus on norm-transgressing behavior that is intended to primarily benefit others. In particular, we predicted a differing effect of self-regulatory resource depletion on dishonesty that benefits one’s group, depending on the degree of identification with the group. Following a dual process approach, we argue that if identification with the group is strong, then people may have an automatic inclination to benefit their group even perhaps by lying. In contrast, if identification with the group is weak, then the default, uncontrolled impulse may be to tell the truth. Accordingly, identification with the social group should interact with self-regulatory resource depletion in predicting group-benefiting dishonesty. Focusing on pro-organizational dishonesty, we tested our hypotheses in one field study with 1269 employees and in one experimental study with 71 university students. As predicted, the results revealed a highly significant interaction of organizational identification and self-control strength: Depletion of self-regulatory resources increased the level of pro-organizational dishonesty among those who identify highly with the organization, but decreased the level of such behavior among those who identify less.

Kleptomania: Recent Advances in Symptoms, Etiology and Treatment.

Kleptomania is a kind of uncontrollable impulse and behavior of stealing, and it is also a serious disease. At present, studies on pathological theft at home and abroad are not sufficient, and the understanding of the symptoms, etiology and treatment of this disease is very insufficient. This article focuses on the latest development of symptoms, etiology and treatment of kleptomania, providing a reference for people to further identify, treat and study the disease.

Il trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale di un caso di disturbo Borderline della Personalità e Dipendenza

Individuals who suffer from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) experience intense mood shifts, emotional liability, uncontrolled impulses, and self-harming behaviors to soothe the pain caused by feelings of emptiness in response to a real or imaginary abandonment. These coping strategies initially reduce emotional activation, though they can lead to serious consequences later. Cognitive-behavioural Therapy (CBT) for BPD aims at creating a therapeutic alliance to establish, together with the patient, clear therapeutic objectives. Among these, dysfunctional beliefs cognitive restructuring, identifying early maladaptive Schemas and improving readiness to change in substance use. Skills training promotes the acquisition of interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and mindfulness. Schema Therapy also helps patients with BPD developing adaptive coping strategies since it enables to work on the unsatisfied emotional needs during childhood, especially those concerning neglect or abuse. The main objective of the Schema Therapy is to provide patients with the functional fulfilment of their primary emotional needs through healthy interpersonal relationships.

ZBRODNICZE ZAMIARY A ISTNIENIE OBRONY KONIECZNEJ W PRAWIE RZYMSKIM

C r i m i n a l In t e n t a n d t h e Ex i s t e n c e o f Se l f D e f e n c e i n t h e Ro m a n La wSummaryIn ancient Rome, initially the sanctions for a m urder applied to its perpetrator regardless his motives. The liability resulting from lex Cornelia was also based rather on the result, viz., the objective element of the act. This was true when the perpetrator’s act led to the victim’s death. In other situations provided for in the act, the perpetrator was punished only when the intent of com m itting a crime was shown. Carrying weapons was allowed only to defend oneself.In the Hadrian’s rescript issued in order to regulate a murder com m itted during an affray, the emperor ordered the judges to carefully examine the circumstances and severely punish the perpetrator but only when he acted w ith an intent of a murder. It resulted from the content of the rescript that a person who killed a man, could be released if he had not acted with an intent of committing a crime whereas a person who wounded in order to kill was to be punished as a murderer. The result of a crime was less significant than the intent.Caesar Hadrian, however, did not go into the processes undergoing in the perpetrator’ psyche that drove him to commit a crime. Therefore a new element was taken into account, namely impetus. It related to the crimes com m itted under emotions. A crime committed under impetus resulted from an uncontrolled impulse caused by an abnormal state of the perpetrator’s psyche. It seems possible to ascribe the actions taken as a self-defence to this group.The constitutions of the subsequent emperors also ordered the judges to take into account the attitude of the perpetrator in examining cases of a m urder. The releases from liability are usually connected with an objective element of a crime. In the ancient sources a different approach, which stresses the existence of the subjective element, may be also traced. Relating the self-defence release with the existence of the animus occidendi seems therefore justified.

Conway-Jones, Ann. Gregory of Nyssa’s Tabernacle Imagery in Its Jewish and Christian Contexts. Oxford Early Christian Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. viii+301 pp. $95.00 (cloth).

Conway-Jones, Ann. <i>Gregory of Nyssa’s Tabernacle Imagery in Its Jewish and Christian Contexts</i>. Oxford Early Christian Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. viii+301 pp. $95.00 (cloth).

Not Getting It: The Allure of the Counterlife in Early and Late Roth

Philip Roth, throughout his career—from “Goodbye, Columbus” (1959) to his final novel Nemesis (2010)—has been preoccupied with self-hood and identity in ways that lend themselves to analysis with fundamental psychoanalytic concepts and issues, particularly as they relate to uncontrolled impulses, unconscious drives and desires, and sublimation and repression. This essay engages with the ways in which Roth’s fiction stages the impulsive dialectics of flight and return and fantasy and sublimation in his first and final works.

Re-Introducing Digenis Akritis: A Byzantine Poem of Strength, Weakness, and the Disturbing Absence of God

Digenis Akritis, a twelfth-century Byzantine poem, recounts the life of Basil, a fictional hero of mixed descent (Byzantine and Arab), on the eastern frontier of the Byzantine empire in the ninth or tenth century. Since the poem’s rediscovery in the late nineteenth century, virtually all scholars have regarded Basil’s heroic nature as a given, and his transgressions (mostly sexual) as no more than one might expect of a man of action in a violent world. In contrast, I shall argue that the poem was intended as a cautionary tale of human weakness. My study has two parts. The first focuses on Basil as a man of uncontrollable impulses, leading a largely solitary life-except for the wife whom he adores and betrays. In encounters with other women, he is moved not just to infidelity but to sexual and even fatal violence; then, seized by guilt, he seeks to atone by creating ever more elaborate (and isolated) garden paradises. Throughout these experiences, Basil never seeks spiritual guidance, or asks God for forgiveness. The second part deals with the story’s possible origins. As no other extant work of Byzantine literature is thematically comparable, I trace those origins to Western Europe. French chansons de geste of the late twelfth century, and their close German derivatives, pioneered the realistic depiction of imperfect characters. Digenis Akritis emerges not just as a study in impulse and isolation, but as a rare instance of Western cultural influence in Byzantium.

Louisiana Evidence Law: The Admissibility of Suicide Notes

On April 9, 2001, Courtney Garza, a twenty-one-year-old student at Southeastern University in Hammond, committed suicide by hanging herself in her parents’ Baton Rouge home. Courtney left behind a hand-written, nine-page suicide note alleging her depression and state of mind was the result of a rape that occurred three months prior. It is clear from Courtney’s note that the alleged rape caused her to enter into a deep state of depression which resulted in her taking her own life. Without Courtney’s statements regarding the alleged rape, the line of causation is severed and the action she took ending her life becomes an independent intervening force leaving Paul Upshaw and the Delta Tau Delta Fraternity free from liability. However, analyzing Courtney’s statements as non-hearsay state of mind, inferring the negligent wrongs of the defendants caused Courtney’s mental illness resulting in an uncontrollable impulse to commit suicide. Therefore, the defendants should have been held liable for her death. This ruling makes the state of the Courtney’s mind shortly before death, extremely relevant to the negligent acts of the defendants, and the suicide note admissible as evidence of that state of mind. Louisiana Supreme Court was wrong in addressing Courtney’s suicide note thoroughly under the hearsay dying declaration exception. Rather parts of the note should have been admissible under the hearsay then existing state of mind exception while other parts should have been admissible as non-hearsay because the statements in the note were being offered to prove the condition of Courtney’s state of mind at the time she took her life. It is evident that suicide notes, as a whole, should be analyzed statement by statement to determine its admissibility. Taken as a whole, or in large parts, each statement is not given the weight and significance, as it should. When correctly applied, the state of mind exception to the hearsay rule and the non-hearsay state of mind area of law, determine the admissibility of statements in suicide notes. While these two concepts are often confused, a full understanding of the similarities and differences between the two will yield an accurate result when applied correctly to suicide notes.

Adjudicating mentally disordered offenders in Ghana: The criminal and mental health legislations

The involvement of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) in the criminal justice system (CJS) is currently a major public health concern. This has culminated in several empirical researches over the years, with a particular focus on addressing the problem. The present study examines the criminal and the mental health legislations available to offenders raising fitness to stand trial issues, as well as those pleading insanity at the time of the offense (insanity defense) in Ghana. The legislations are examined within a framework of reducing the overrepresentation of MDOs in the CJS. In doing so, comparisons are made to similar legislations in other commonwealth jurisdictions, when necessary. Regarding fitness to stand trial, it is evident that the Ghanaian legislation does not contain discrete fitness indicators, relative to, for instance, Canada. Yet, it is interesting that the terminologies ‘unsound mind’ and ‘incapable of making a defence’ used in the proviso convey similar meaning and requirements to those used in other jurisdictions. The insanity defense standard, on the other hand, is also heavily influenced by the M'Naughton Rules in England. The defense consists of two separate cognitive tests, each of which can result in an acquittal. One of the tests strictly emphasizes knowledge of the nature and consequences of the act while knowledge of the wrongness of the criminal act is implied in the other. However, none of the tests takes into consideration uncontrollable impulse arising from mental disorder. The study proposes some revisions and amendments to the insanity legislation in its current formulation. Recommendations are also offered for critical areas that warrant research attention in relation to MDOs in Ghana, and in Africa as a whole.

The characteristics of consumer attitudes in the food market in Hungary

The objective of our research was to examine the health status and health behaviour of the Hungarian population in relation of food consumption by identifying relationships between the underlying factors. In our research we used the objective factors from secondary data concerning nutritional status and body image as a framework for the interpretation of the examined relationship of eating attitudes and body attitudes. We chose survey as our test method, it was carried out on a national representative sample of 1000 people. After the examination of the factor structure of the two attitude measuring questionnaire, five consumer groups have been identified by the cluster analysis. The five clusters are: Uncontrolled Impulse Eaters, Dissatisfied Tense, Uninterested, Overweight Impulse Eaters and Conscious Consumers. This segmentation based on eating attitudes and body attitudes could serve as a guidance for health marketing experts and the manufacturers of health protective food to determine and address their target group.&#x0D;

Optimal flow control based on POD and MPC and an application to the cancellation of Tollmien–Schlichting waves

A reduced-order model based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is presented which is suitable for active control in fluid dynamical systems. The POD basis is based on snapshots (finite-element discretizations of the Navier–Stokes equations) of the uncontrolled state and impulse response snapshots. Error estimates for this setting are proved. The reduced set of basis functions is used for active control of fluid flows governed by the Navier–Stokes equations. In particular, we consider the cancellation of Tollmien–Schlichting waves in the boundary layer of a flat plate. The control is a body force induced by a plasma actuator. The optimization of the control parameters is performed within the reduced system with a model predictive control approach. The effectiveness of the approach is shown in numerical experiments.

Jealousy and Usury in “El celoso extremeño”

Felipo de Carrizales, protagonista epónimo de “El celoso extremeño,” es una de las más extravagantes creaciones cervantinas, un personaje que oscila entre los extremos conductuales de desordenada prodigalidad y arrepentimiento por sus fallos personales. La característica más notable de Carrizales son sus exagerados celos, que no se corresponden con conceptos modernos de verosimilitud psicológica sino con ideologías contemporáneas de ética comercial. En la época, el lucro y la lujuria se concebían como dos caras de la misma moneda, variantes anejas de la misma patología moral. Así, el desordenado apetito de riqueza está en consonancia con los irracionales celos: éstos vienen a ser la expresión erótica del incontrolado impulso hacia el enriquecimiento excesivo por medio de la usura. Con Carrizales, Cervantes trasciende la representación tradicional del marido celoso mediante la incorporación de un discurso económico específico, subordinando sus tópicos a un proceso de caracterización literaria para enriquecer la complejidad del personaje.