Uncompressed High-definition Video Research Articles

Phototunable chip-scale topological photonics: 160 Gbps waveguide and demultiplexer for THz 6G communication

The revolutionary 5G cellular systems represent a breakthrough in the communication network design to provide a single platform for enabling enhanced broadband communications, virtual reality, autonomous driving, and the internet of everything. However, the ongoing massive deployment of 5G networks has unveiled inherent limitations that have stimulated the demand for innovative technologies with a vision toward 6G communications. Terahertz (0.1-10 THz) technology has been identified as a critical enabler for 6G communications with the prospect of massive capacity and connectivity. Nonetheless, existing terahertz on-chip communication devices suffer from crosstalk, scattering losses, limited data speed, and insufficient tunability. Here, we demonstrate a new class of phototunable, on-chip topological terahertz devices consisting of a broadband single-channel 160 Gbit/s communication link and a silicon Valley Photonic Crystal based demultiplexer. The optically controllable demultiplexing of two different carriers modulated signals without crosstalk is enabled by the topological protection and a critically coupled high-quality (Q) cavity. As a proof of concept, we demultiplexed high spectral efficiency 40 Gbit/s signals and demonstrated real-time streaming of uncompressed high-definition (HD) video (1.5 Gbit/s) using the topological photonic chip. Phototunable silicon topological photonics will augment complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible terahertz technologies, vital for accelerating the development of futuristic 6G and 7G communication era driving the real-time terabits per second wireless connectivity for network sensing, holographic communication, and cognitive internet of everything.

Light at the end of the fiber

light at the end of the fiber

A Q-band radio-over-fiber system for distribution of uncompressed high-definition video signals

A Q-band radio-over-fiber (RoF) system for the distribution of uncompressed high-definition (HD) video signal is proposed and demonstrated. To eliminate the fiber dispersion induced RF power fading, which is a serious problem for the Q-band RoF system, a polarization modulator (PolM) based transmitter is applied, by which the peak of the frequency response of the fiber link can be shifted to any desired frequency. Besides, an injection-locked Q-band optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is constructed in the receiver to perform the carrier extraction and frequency downconversion. A 40-GHz RoF system is established, which delivers a 720P uncompressed HD video signal to a targeted displayer through a 20-km fiber link and a ∼1-m wireless link.

Extremely low-loss terahertz waveguide based on silicon photonic-crystal slab.

We pursued the extremely low loss of photonic-crystal waveguides composed of a silicon slab with high resistivity (20 kΩ-cm) in the terahertz region. Propagation and bending losses as small as <0.1 dB/cm (0.326-0.331 THz) and 0.2 dB/bend (0.323-0.331 THz), respectively, were achieved in the 0.3-THz band. We also developed 1.5-Gbit/s terahertz links and demonstrated an error-free uncompressed high-definition video transmission by using a photonic-crystal waveguide with a length of as long as 50 cm and up to 28 bends thanks to the low-loss properties. Our results show the potential of photonic crystals for application as terahertz integration platforms.

Can COTS Ethernet Switches Handle Uncompressed Video?

The carriage of realtime video over Ethernet networks promises significant benefits to the broadcast industry. But there has been some concern about whether commercial-off-the-shelf Ethernet switches can meet broadcast quality of service requirements. This paper describes the results of a range of static and dynamic tests of Ethernet switches using packet flows that are representative of uncompressed high-definition video encapsulated in SMPTE 2022-6, looking specifically at packet loss, packet reordering, latency, and packet delay variation. Flow test generators and analyzers include a new flexible field-programmable gate array architecture, controlled using a RESTful application programming interface.

Video Processing in an FPGA-Enabled Ethernet Switch

Carriage of uncompressed high-definition video using Internet protocol (IP) holds great potential for enhancing the flexibility of broadcast plants while reducing the number of cables required through aggregation of signals using statistical multiplexing. The broadcast industry is just beginning to determine the appropriate architectures to best use professional video-over-IP capabilities. The Arista 7124FX application switch is a 10 Gbit Ethernet data center-class Ethernet switch that also supports application acceleration through the use of an onboard field programmable gate array (FPGA) without adding network jitter. A proof of concept has been developed to show how an FPGA-enabled switch can perform frame-accurate video stream switching of SMPTE ST 2022-6:2012 realtime protocol flows.

Wireless communication at 310 GHz using GaAs high-electron-mobility transistors for detection

We report on the first error-free terahertz (THz) wireless communication at 0.310 THz for data rates up to 8.2 Gbps using a 18-GHz-bandwidth GaAs/AlGaAs field-effect transistor as a detector. This result demonstrates that low-cost commercially-available plasma-wave transistors whose cut-off frequency is far below THz frequencies can be employed in THz communication. Wireless communication over 50 cm is presented at 1.4 Gbps using a uni-travelling-carrier photodiode as a source. Transistor integration is detailed, as it is essential to avoid any deleterious signals that would prevent successful communication. We observed an improvement of the bit error rate with increasing input THz power, followed by a degradation at high input power. Such a degradation appears at lower powers if the photodiode bias is smaller. Higher-data-rate communication is demonstrated using a frequency-multiplied source thanksto higher output power. Bit-error-rate measurements at data rates up to 10 Gbps are performed for different input THz powers. As expected, bit error rates degrade as data rate increases. However, degraded communication is observed at some specific data rates. This effect is probably due to deleterious cavity effects and/or impedance mismatches. Using such a system, realtime uncompressed high-definition video signal is successfully and robustly transmitted.

Uncompressed high-definition videoconferencing tools for telemedicine and distance learning.

Uncompressed high-definition (HD) video image quality is superior to compressed HD video provided in most commercially available videoconferencing products. Uncompressed HD videoconferencing tools provide a more immersive experience because there is no reduction of image information and, in most cases, lower latency. Four open source uncompressed video applications are reviewed that have been tested at the National Library of Medicine: three transmitting uncompressed HD video and one transmitting loosely compressed standard-definition video. The technical requirements for implementing each are described, and test results in terms of image quality, latency, and application reliability are presented. Because the hardware and bandwidth requirements for uncompressed HD video are relatively high and most applications are still under development, they are generally not ready for mass deployment. Some are, however, ready for pilot testing and experimentation in clinical settings by either those who have or anticipate having bandwidth sufficient to support them or those interested in researching the effects higher-quality video may have on diagnostic and other clinical outcomes.

A novel method for combating dispersion induced power fading in dispersion compensating fiber

We experimentally investigate the performance of 60 GHz double sideband (DSB) radio over fiber (RoF) links that employ dispersion compensating fiber (DCF). Error free transmission of 3 Gbps signals over 1 m of wireless distance is reported. In order to overcome experimentally observed chromatic dispersion (CD) induced power fading of radio frequency (RF) signal, we propose a method for improvement of RF carrier-to-noise (C/N) ratio through introduction of a degree of RF frequency tunability. Overall results improve important aspects of directly modulated RoF systems and demonstrate the feasibility of high carrier frequency and wide bandwidth RF signals delivery in RoF links including DCF fiber. Error free performance that we obtain for 3 Gbps amplitude shift-keying (ASK) signals enables uncompressed high-definition 1080p video delivery.

Demonstration and Comparison Study for V- and W-Band Real-Time High-Definition Video Delivery in Diverse Fiber-Wireless Infrastructure

This article experimentally demonstrates uncompressed high-definition video distribution in V-band (50–75 GHz) and W-band (75–110 GHz) fiber-wireless links achieving 3 m of wireless transmission in both cases. Access architecture is experimentally emulated by deploying single/multi-mode fibers. For the W-band, experimental assessment of passive and active approaches for implementation of remote antenna units is reported. The bit error rate performance of the optical and wireless channels is reported. A successful transmission of real-time uncompressed high-definition video in the V- and W-band fiber-wireless systems is demonstrated with prospects to pave the way for application-focused fiber-wireless connectivity.

WIRELESSHD VIDEO TRANSMISSION OVER MULTICARRIER ERROR-CORRECTIONCHANNELS

Uncompressed High-Definition video streaming over extremely high frequency using wireless technologies , also known as WirelessHD, is a challenge problem because of the high data rate requirement and channel variations. The advantages in RF technology and the huge bandwidth available in the 57-66 GHZ millimeter wave open new era for High Definition applications and high data rates communication. Retransmission i s not favored for HD multimedia transmission as any l atency may cause flickering. So, powerful error correction and detection is needed to detect any co rrupted pixels and recover it to guarantee the communication. In this study, we proposed a system that uses Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code for error detection and correction and OFDM technique for protecting video signal from fading. A suggested frame partitioning technique is applied to perform spatial diversity.To judge on the proposed system, peak signal to noise ratio and symbol error rate will be used at the receiver for testing the received fram e quality. Simulations using uncompressed videos indicate that the proposed system can give low bit error rate an d high peak signal to noise ratio after transmitting the frame over AWGN and Rayleigh channels.

A 60 GHz wireless network for enabling uncompressed video communication

Uncompressed high-definition video streaming over wireless personal area networks is a challenging problem because of the high data rate requirement and channel variations. With the advances in RF technology and the huge bandwidth available worldwide in the 57-66 GHz millimeter-wave unlicensed spectrum, mmWave WPANs that can support multigigabit transmission are being developed. However, compared to low-frequency signals (2.4 or 5 GHz), mmWave signals are more fragile; indeed, the propagation losses are significantly higher. In this article we present an mmWave system for supporting uncompressed HD video up to 3 Gb/s. The system includes various efficient error protection and concealment schemes that exploit unequal error resilience properties of uncompressed video. Some of them have been adopted in the emerging 60 GHz WPAN standards such as WirelessHD, ECMA TC48, and IEEE 802.15.3c. Simulations using real uncompressed HD images indicate that the proposed mmWave system can maintain, under poor channel conditions, good average peak-signal-to-noise-ratio and low video quality metric scores.

High-definition multimedia for multiparty low-latency interactive communication

We describe a high-quality collaborative environment that uses High-Definition (HD) video to achieve near realistic perception of a remote site. The capture part, consisting of a HD camera, Centaurus HD-SDI capture card, and UltraGrid software, produces a 1.5 Gbps UDP data stream of uncompressed HD video that is transferred over a 10GE network interface to the high-speed IP network. The HD video stream displaying uses either a software-based solution with color depth down-sampling and field de-interlacing, or another Centaurus card. Data distribution to individual participants of the videoconference is achieved using a user-controlled UDP packet reflector based on the Active Element idea. The viability of this system has been demonstrated at the iGrid 2005 conference for a three-way high quality videoconference among sites in the Czech Republic, Louisiana, and California.