Uncivilized Behavior Research Articles

Research on Sleep Detection Algorithm during Working Hours Based on Improved YOLOv8s Model

Sleeping during working hours is not only an uncivilized behavior, but also a serious dereliction of duty and irresponsibility towards the production position. In the production process, if workers sleep during work, it is easy to make mistakes, fail to adjust the working conditions of the machine in a timely manner, and fail to detect problems in the first time, which brings huge safety hazards to the entire production operation and affects production progress. It is indeed a practical problem that should not be ignored. This article proposes a work sleep detection algorithm based on the improved YOLOv8s model to improve detection accuracy and efficiency. After experiments, YOLOv8s was selected as the basis for the algorithm model in this paper. GAM attention mechanism was added to the original YOLOv8s algorithm model, and the loss function WIoUv1 was added. The mAP was increased from the initial 94% to the improved 95%, which provides certain reference value for future algorithm models for detecting sleep during work.

Daniel 4 and the Cultural Schema of the Akītu-Festival

Abstract The king’s condition in Dan 4 has invited significant discussion. Proposed interpretations of the king’s condition in Dan 4 include various medical diagnoses, imagery from the underworld, primitive uncivilized behavior, or imagery associated with divine displeasure and affliction. The current study argues, however, that the key to interpreting these images should be found in the passage’s connection to one of the most prominent rituals of royal legitimation in ancient Mesopotamia, the akītu-festival. The akītu-festival celebrated the divine legitimation of the king through a ritual of 1) the king’s loss of royal status before it is returned; 2) a decree of destiny; and 3) a dramatic exit and re-entry into the city as a symbol of exit and re-entry into the ordered world. It is within the narrative arc of this festival that the animalian imagery of Dan 4 finds its most compelling explanation.

Somebody do something: coexisting with social transgression on the metro

ABSTRACT Several factors decrease metro riders’ satisfaction, well-being, and willingness to use the metro. However, little attention has focused on the problems caused by social transgression and uncivilized behavior. Hence, the objectives of this study were to analyze the impact of norm transgression and uncivil behavior on coexistence among passengers and the emotional climate on the metro and to assess the social control exerted by passengers. We also explored whether the perception of social control changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 357 passengers of the Buenos Aires metro. An online self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect the data. Path analysis results showed that beliefs about norms and the ease with which passengers break the norm of silence promote active social control. In contrast, the difficulty of breaking the norm of silence and the perception of public alienation lead to inactive social control.

Exploring Public Space Satisfaction in Old Residential Areas Based on Impact-Asymmetry Analysis

The renovation of public space environments in old residential areas has become the focal point in Chinese urban renewal and promotion of urban sustainable development; thus, an urgent need for research expansion is attached to identifying the environmental factors of public space and their impacts from the perspective of residents’ needs and satisfaction. Taking Hefei, China, as an example, and based on a satisfaction survey of the public space environment in old residential areas, this study discerned critical factors affecting public space satisfaction through gradient-boosting decision trees and impact-asymmetry analysis methods, after which the asymmetric relationship between public space environment factors and resident satisfaction was tested and the priority and goal of public space environment renovation were obtained. The results indicate that the following: (1) Compared with physical environment factors, current social environment factors, including uncivilized behavior, space occupation, and hygiene and cleanliness, exert a greater impact on the overall satisfaction. (2) The hypothesis that there exists a general nonlinear relationship between environmental factors and satisfaction is verified, with all social environment factors proving to be nonlinear and physical environment factors being highly related to social environment creation, such as nursing space for the old and young, reading and learning space, and display and communication space. (3) A priority hierarchy for the improvement of environmental factors should be established, which basically conforms to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The role of social environment renovation should be highlighted, along with the necessity to bolster community governance and public space management. At the level of the physical environment, more space should be available for the activities of residents, display and communication, and reading and learning. This study can provide a corresponding theoretical basis and planning inspiration for meeting the multiple needs of residents for public space, improving life happiness, and promoting the sustainable development of cities in the renovation of public space environments in old residential areas.

Research on the urban rail transit disaster chain: Critical nodes, edge vulnerability and breaking strategy

The rising number of disasters poses significant challenges that are influencing the operation safety of urban rail transit systems. However, most studies to date have focused on individual disasters or types of disasters of urban rail transit, while few have focused on urban rail transit disaster chains. This paper collects 562 urban rail transit disaster cases and builds a disaster chain network model of urban rail transit systems based on complex network theory. The vulnerability of the disaster chain network is analyzed in terms of nodes and edges, and targeted chain-breaking disaster mitigation strategies are proposed, based on the nodes and edges found to have more substantial intermediary roles. The main results of this study show that: (1) disaster nodes have larger clustering coefficients and smaller average path lengths. The disasters “power failure”, “fire”, “thick smoke and poisonous gas”, and “signal and communications system problem” are of high importance and cause a greater loss of network efficiency when removed. (2) The edges “power failure - terrorist attack”, “thick smoke and poisonous gas - passenger uncivilized behavior”, and “signal and communications system problems - operation error” have higher vulnerability and cause a greater loss of network efficiency when removed. (3) Developing breaking strategies for these disaster nodes and edges in advance can achieve faster chain disconnection and disaster reduction.

Reclining Public Chair Behavior Detection Based on Improved YOLOv5

This study proposes an object detection algorithm based on the improved YOLOv5 network for the uncivilized behavior of reclining public chair, which often occurs in cities. The current object detection field is studied by a single object. For the behavior of a lying public chair, the object to be measured is composed of two parts: the chair and the human posture jointly. Furthermore, the features of the object will show a large variability under different shooting angles, so the model’s ability to extract features of the object is extremely important. This paper incorporates the Ghost module based on the YOLOv5 network to enable the model to learn more object features. The Ghost makes the neural network lighter by using linear convolution instead of nonlinear convolution, and its generated redundant features can help the model learn more object features and improve the model performance. In addition, this paper uses a new loss function EIoU to replace the original loss function CIoU. By comparison, EIoU solves the problem that CIoU fails in penalty terms under specific conditions. EIoU enables the model to converge faster and better. After experimental validation on the test set, it is shown that the improved YOLO network improves F1 by 3.5% and mAP by 4.2% compared to the original algorithm.

Experience of verbal violence among Chinese nursing students in clinical practice: a qualitative study

BackgroundWorkplace violence is prevalent in the nursing profession, and as a relatively junior link of the professional hierarchy, nursing students are not immune to it. Among these, verbal violence may have more serious consequences for the victims than physical violence, but the literature on verbal violence among nursing students in Chinese clinical settings is limited.AimsTo explore the verbal violence experience among Chinese nursing students in clinical practice, and the strategies used by nursing students to cope with violence.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodsFrom January 2022 to June 2022, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 nursing students in clinical practice by purposive snowball sampling. Nvivo12 software and inductive content analysis were used for data analysis. This paper followed the COREQ (Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidance.ResultsThrough data analysis, three themes were defined:(1) Multiform verbal violence; (2) Hurting and impacting and (3) Struggling or Coping. The findings indicated that nursing students were subjected to multiple forms of verbal violence in clinical practice, not only from patients and caregivers, but also from peers such as clinical tutors and doctors, which not only harmed students’ personal health and well-being, but may also contribute to the nursing industry’s future loss of human resources. Seeking emotional support from others and forcing themselves to grow up were the most commonly used coping strategies.ConclusionNursing educators and nursing managers need to pay attention to verbal violence in the clinical environment, and actively develop the ability of nursing students to deal with uncivilized behavior. Establishing relevant courses and training such as communication, resilience, and violence prevention, establishing a stricter clinical mentor appointment system, and teaching assessment system may be strategies to help nursing students better perform clinical practice.

POLEMIK PRAKTIK SAWERAN KEPADA PEMBACA AL-QUR’AN (Telaah Etika Interaksi dengan al-Qur’an)

Al-Qur’an is a holy book that is very sacred for a muslim person. They are commanded to read, study, understand, and venerate it. However, the sacredness of the Qur’an has been tarnished recently by the uncivilized behavior of some muslims. One of the actions that contaminates the sacredness of the Qur’an and insults its glory is an action called saweran to the reader of the Qur’an. The practice of saweran is very concerning, because it has become a tradition or culture in several regions. There is no longer any difference between singer and expert ont the Qur’an. Therefore, research and study of ethics to the Qur’an and Qur’an experts are still relevant and urgent to study.This research is library research, namely research using written materials, such as books, journals, magazines, and so on. This research is a qualitative research of interpretation and presentation of data by means of descriptive-analytic method. Thematic method is the choice in completing this research. The results of this research indicate that muslims should leran more about the ethics of interaction with the Qur’an and Qur’an experts. Reading the Qur’an begins with brushing your teeth and reciting it solemnly. The experts of the Qur’an must be glorified and respected. Al-Qur’an teachers must be sincere in their intentions, gentle with their students, and enthusiastic. Al-Qur’an students must be study with the right teacher, respect their teacher, and be enthusiastic. The memorizes of the Qur’an must guard againts disgraceful occupations, have a noble soul, not be greedy for worldly possessions, and not joke too much.

Understanding the Uncivilized Tourism Behavior of Tourists: A Planned Behavior Model Based on the Perspectives of Cognitive Dissonance and Neutralization

Effectively regulating and managing the uncivilized tourism behavior of tourists is a key strategy for the sustainable development of tourism destinations. In this paper, the dissonance–neutralization model was proposed by integrating planned behavior, cognitive dissonance, and neutralization theories. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the impact and effect of this model on the uncivilized tourism behavior of 387 tourists at natural heritage sites. Overall, the research results show the following: (1) Uncivilized tourism behavior is not only determined by behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control. Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control also all have a significant influence on behavioral intention. (2) Cognitive dissonance is a parallel predictor of behavior. (3) Neutralization techniques can effectively reduce cognitive dissonance, thus allowing uncivilized tourist behavior to continue.

Exploring Pedestrian Satisfaction in Old and New Town: An Impact-Asymmetry Analysis

In the context of the global construction of low-carbon cities and residents’ pursuit of healthy living, the improvement in the urban walking environment has gradually been emphasized in the field of planning and transportation research. Using Harbin, China, as an example, this paper combines gradient boosting decision trees (GBDTs) and impact-asymmetry analysis (IAA) methods to explore the differences in residents’ preferences for the pedestrian environment needs in old and new urban areas, analyze the asymmetric relationship between walking environment factors and overall satisfaction, and provide a sound basis for the renewal and reconstruction of the walking environment in old urban areas and the improvement of the walking environment in new urban areas. The factors affecting the pedestrian environment in the old and new urban areas are similar and different, with the aesthetics and safety and the aesthetics and comfort of the pedestrian environment having a greater impact on the old and new urban areas, respectively. According to the results of the IAA, the old city should focus on improving green landscaping, street furniture, the uncivilized behavior of pedestrians, pavement encroachment, barrier-free facilities, and the speed of motor vehicles; the new city should focus on improving the building facade effect, the uncivilized behavior of pedestrians, and green landscaping.

Why is Incivility Making Job Seekers Worse? A Time-Lagged Research

The phenomenon that job seekers experience incivility in job search is becoming more and more common, but the consequences are still limited. In light of this gap, we integrate affective events theory with job search literature to examine how job seekers experienced incivility in job search influences affective and job search behavior. In a 4-weeks longitudinal cross-lagged investigation, we sought to test the time-lagged relationship between incivility and haphazard job search; additionally, we examined negative affect as a process that mediates this time-lagged relationship. The result indicated that experienced job search incivility led to job seekers’ negative affect, which in turn led to haphazard job search, negative affect mediated the time-lagged association between experienced job search incivility and haphazard job search. The results highlight the need for more attention to be paid to the negative consequences of uncivilized behavior in job search context.

Supervising Workplace Uncivilized Behavior

Supervising Workplace Uncivilized Behavior

Proving Pregnancy: Gender, Law, and Medical Knowledge in Nineteenth-Century America by Felicity M. Turner

Reviewed by: Proving Pregnancy: Gender, Law, and Medical Knowledge in Nineteenth-Century America by Felicity M. Turner Emily Raymond (bio) Proving Pregnancy: Gender, Law, and Medical Knowledge in Nineteenth-Century America. By Felicity M. Turner. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022. Pp. xi, 228. $99.00 cloth; $29.95 paper; $23.99 ebook) Debates on the medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth—particularly in light of the U.S. Supreme Court’s overturning of Roe v. Wade—may appear to be relatively novel topics of controversy. However, as Felicity M. Turner’s Proving Pregnancy demonstrates, such issues occupied American thought long before the twenty-first century. Citing changes in the adjudication of infanticide cases from the late-eighteenth to late-nineteenth centuries, the book delineates how white men gained medical and legal control over women’s bodies. Turner argues that by appropriating once-exclusively female knowledge of reproduction, male physicians exerted control over women’s bodies in a manner that constituted intellectual ownership. Infanticide cases provide a lens through which scholars can examine the production and dissemination of medical discourse, leading readers to wonder: Who owns knowledge about women’s bodies—the women who embody that knowledge, or the men who appropriate it? Answering this question requires scholars to “reframe traditional understandings of property,” recognizing that such understandings are inexorably shaped by concepts of gender and race (p. 159). The opening chapters document a gradual shift from women’s active participation in infanticide inquests to the prioritization of male “expert” testimony in shaping narratives of indictment or exoneration. As male doctors defined the parameters of medical knowledge and laid claim to specialist expertise in court, they simultaneously restricted use of that knowledge to a privileged group of “regular” physicians (p. 57). Chapters three and four explore the conflation of race and infanticide, explaining how understandings of race and motherhood shaped American responses to infanticide as a crime increasingly linked to “otherness” and uncivilized behavior [End Page 199] (p. 62). The final chapters explain how women continued to lose authority and bodily autonomy over the course of the nineteenth century. This was due in part to essentialist arguments that alleged women’s biological inferiority, and in part because women “willingly ceded” control of knowledge about their own bodies to male experts—an unintended consequence of women’s struggle to achieve civil and political equality (p. 159). Drawing upon a wealth of primary sources that include newspapers and medical texts in addition to inquest records and court cases, Turner demonstrates the complexities inherent in the formation of social and cultural ideals regarding race and gender in nineteenth-century America. The vignettes dispersed throughout the chapters provide a vivid illustration of lived experience in public and private spaces, offering a lens through which “nineteenth-century Americans understood and interpreted bodies” on both a local and national level (p. 13). Turner handles inherently disturbing subject material with sensitivity, providing historically relevant details of infanticide cases while acknowledging the devastating impact that these crimes had on individuals and communities alike. One of the book’s greatest strengths is its representation of traditionally marginalized groups. The transition from reliance on female knowledge to male expertise had particular significance for the bodies of Black women, especially as proprietary rights to formerly enslaved persons were rescinded in the aftermath of Reconstruction. By juxtaposing cases that illuminate the discrepancies between treatment of white and Black bodies, Turner’s monograph provides a corrective to a lack of scholarship on the experiences of people of color. Future scholars should explore the implications of these struggles for the codification of medical ethics in the twentieth century, especially in terms of racially-based experiments such as the Tuskegee syphilis study. Proving Pregnancy offers a valuable contribution to historians’ understanding of how modern concepts of identity and community are shaped by gender and sexuality, as well as how knowledge can constitute a form of ownership. Turner’s book is also a timely reminder [End Page 200] that deeply subjective experiences such as pregnancy and childbirth remain freighted with political and cultural significance—and in many cases are still subject to medicolegal knowledge that is defined and controlled by white males. Emily Raymond EMILY...

How does national image affect tourists’ civilized tourism behavior? The mediating role of psychological ownership

Encouraging tourists to engage in civilized tourism behavior is paramount in destination environment and culture protection. However, the uncivilized behavior of Chinese tourists when traveling abroad has sparked concern that such behaviors might have caused environmental damage to the destination and tarnished the international image of China. Despite the seriousness of uncivilized behavior, quantitative research on this topic is scarce. Thus, we attempted to identify an optimal solution for tourism management authorities by investigating the mechanism underlying the formation of civilized tourism behavioral intention. We found that national image is a novel construct that drives tourists to adopt civilized behaviors, and proposed an integrated model to explain how national image influences civilized tourism behavioral intention. Participants were 468 Chinese tourists, who completed a survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the results revealed that national identity, patriotism, and psychological ownership played full mediating roles in the relationship between national image and civilized tourism behavioral intention. This study has implications for Chinese tourism management authorities, and could help to develop schemes to effectively advocate civilized tourism behavior.

The obstacles to building a self-management system: Exploring deviant tourists’ anger reactions to the intervention of others

Managing tourists' uncivilized behavior is an important issue for both scholars and practitioners. The intervention of others provides a real-time self-management measure for reducing destructive behavior. However, many deviant tourists react angrily to such intervention, making the management measure ineffective. Exploring the reasons behind deviant tourists' anger reactions is highly important for reducing tourists' uncivilized behavior. Based on cognitive dissonance theory, this study provides a theoretical explanation of deviant tourists' anger reactions to the intervention of others. Conducting a guided recall survey, the study finds that the intervention of others positively influences deviant tourists' shame, guilt, and anger. Tourists' shame positively influences their anger, but their guilt negatively influences their anger. Moreover, the relationships are moderated by tourists' internalization of moral identity. For tourists with a low internalization of moral identity, the relationships are stronger. This study extends uncivilized behavior research by explaining deviant tourists' reactions to management measures. It also provides suggestions for practitioners to make the best use of third-party intervention in reducing tourists’ uncivilized behavior.

Residual-Network-Leveraged Vehicle-Thrown-Waste Identification in Real-Time Traffic Surveillance Videos

We attempt to intelligently identify violations of throwing waste from vehicles (TWV) in real-time traffic surveillance videos. In addition to polluting the environment, TWV easily causes injury to sanitation workers responsible for cleaning roads by passing vehicles. However, manual inspection is still the commonest way to recognize such uncivilized behavior in videos with very high time and labor-consuming. In answer to these challenges, we design a novel 20-layer residual network (Nov-ResNet-20) for training the vehicle-thrown-waste identification model (VTWIM). Then, incorporating Nov-ResNet-20, Selective Search, and Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS), we propose the deep-residual-network-leveraged vehicle-thrown-waste identification method (DRN-VTWI). Our method first splits one video frame into several regions matching suspected objects marked with location boxes via Selective Search. Then, in terms of the VTWIM trained by Nov-ResNet-20 our method identifies the regions containing TWV. Last, our method removes the redundant location boxes for each recognized, vehicle-thrown waste and only keeps the best one. The significance of our work is four-fold: 1) Nov-ResNet-20 has a moderate depth: 6 convolutional layers, 7 residual layers, and in total 20 weight layers. Due to the joint contribution of the residual, batch normalization, dropout, and cross-entropy loss, it is eligible to identify TWV using a small quantity of manually-annotated training samples. 2) Selective Search diversely marks all possible, suspected objects in video frames, whereas NMS keeps the best location box for each recognized vehicle-thrown waste, removing all redundancies. In this way, DRN-VTWI finds potential violations of TWV as many as possible and optimally annotates vehicle-thrown wastes in frames as well. 3) Combining the power of Nov-ResNet-20, Selective Search, and NMS, DRN-VTWI well solves the challenging, intelligent identification of vehicle-thrown wastes for real-time traffic surveillance. Experimental studies conducted on real-time traffic surveillance videos demonstrate the effectiveness as well as superiority of our efforts.

Incivility in nursing practice education in the operating room

BackgroundIncivility toward nursing students has been identified as a contributor to negative experiences in clinical education and may cause a weakened learning environment, anxiety, depression and workplace violence. However, few data with regard to uncivilized behavior toward nursing students in the operating room are available. The operation room is a special place where the tempo is fast and the risk is high. Nursing students may have to face pressure from different people, such as anesthesiologists, surgeons, clinical instructors, and staff nurses. ObjectivesTo explore uncivilized behavior toward nursing students in the operating room and to discuss the source of uncivilized behavior and the attitude of clinical instructors when it occurs. MethodA total of 215 nursing students in the operating room of the Second XiangYa Hospital from January to December 2018 were investigated. The uncivilized behavior in clinical nursing education tool and self-designed questionnaire were used. ResultsThe incivility mean score was (4.6 ± 6.7). In all, 122 (56.7%) participants had experienced various degrees of uncivilized behavior in the operating room. There were significant differences in incivility toward students according to degree of education and age. The most frequent uncivilized behavior toward students was raising of the voice when speaking to students (41.9%), followed by inappropriate tone (36.7%), being embarrassed in front of others (36.3%), and snide remarks (34.4%). Surgeons (59%) were considered as the most important source of uncivil behaviors, followed by staff nurses (46.7%). When students experienced uncivilized behavior, 61.5% clinical instructors defended and comforted them, 23% comforted them privately, 13.1% ignored them, and 2.5% even criticized them together with the uncivil behavior actor. ConclusionNursing managers and instructors should pay more attention to the incivility toward students and take actions to foster a healthy, civilized and respectful work environment in the operating room for students.

Analysis on the Reasons of Tourists' Uncivilized Travel Behavior

The uncivilized travel behavior restricts the rapid development of tourism industry. This paper take the 10th China (Wuhan) International Garden Expo for example, to analyze the causes of tourists’ uncivilized travel behavior, and put forward some improvement measures, such as strengthen the guidance and supervision of public opinion, strengthen the supervision of the administrative departments, improve the basic facilities in scenic spots.

THE IMPACT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN CHINA

Tourism is the world’s largest industry. With the continuous development of tourism, the impact on the environment is constantly emerging, including both negative and positive aspects. Tourism transportation, tourist attraction and tourist hotel have negative effects on the environment, such as Tourism traffic pollution, tourists’ uncivilized behavior and high energy consumption of hotels. At the same time, tourism also has improved infrastructure construction and enhanced environmental awareness positive effect on the environment. To ensure the coordinated development of environment and tourism is of great significance for the realization of sustainable development. Promote the coordinated development of environment and tourism through measures such as strengthen legislation and law enforcement to reduce energy consumption, enhanced environmental protection, increase financial input, strengthen environmental protection education and constituting scientific and reasonable ecotourism programming.

“A Success in Every Particular”: British August First Celebrations in Canada and America and the Black Quest for Unblemished Commemorations, While Critiquing July Fourth, 1834–1861

ABSTRACTBritish August First celebrations were an important day of the year for Blacks in North America. Elite and aspiring organizers attempted to use the holiday as a sight of excellence. Partakers understood they were watched closely during commemorations and that their slightest imperfections could be magnified to unreasonable proportions. Thereby, Blacks felt it was essential to present themselves in near “perfection” to prove that they could be “upstanding citizens.” This article asserts that the standard of outright excellence Blacks attempted to execute on August First was neither achievable nor performed by Whites at celebrations like July Fourth. While Whites could be the notorious offenders of uncivilized and imperfect behavior, First celebrations were to be as the Liberator proclaimed an “array of virtue, loveliness, moral heroism, and true piety.” In all, when Blacks utilized the power to assemble, it was viewed more as a potential site of lawlessness and subversion, despite their efforts.