Unbalanced Allocation Research Articles

Differences of Primary Education Resources between Urban and Rural Areas

The unbalanced distribution of educational resources, especially between urban and rural areas, constitutes a universal problem in the world. In China, however, this difference in educational resources is particularly obvious and has become an important issue to be solved urgently. This issue is not only related to educational equity, but also profoundly affects the overall development and progress of society. This work adopts the research method of quantitative analysis, and uses the data in China education database to analyze it. According to the research results, in China the distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas shows obvious differences, which are not only reflected in material resources, but also in teachers' strength and the access to education. The unbalanced allocation of educational resources may trigger a series of social chain reactions. The government and society need to take a series of measures to solve these problems. Specifically, we should increase investment in rural education, improve rural teachers' salary and benefits and career development opportunities, and optimize the hardware facilities of rural schools and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen educational reform and innovation, aiming at achieving fairness in the field of education and promoting all-round social progress.

Molecular spectral line data preprocessing container load grouping prediction algorithm based on EMD-LSTM

Unbalanced allocation of container resources in cluster environments is an urgent problem to be solved. Aiming at container load prediction and resource allocation strategy, this paper designs an astronomical data processing container load grouping prediction algorithm based on empirical mode decomposition-long short-term memory network, and proposes an adaptive recommendation value generation algorithm based on predicted load information, which can automatically allocate container computing resources according to the degree of load fluctuation. The load prediction accuracy is verified using simulated data and real astronomical observation data. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has higher prediction accuracy than the triple index method and the single long short-term memory network model. In the real-time preprocessing test of astronomical data, the recommendation value generation algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of computing resources compared with the default strategy.

Research on the Relationship between Urban and Rural Educational Resources Allocation and Educational Equity

This comprehensive study delves deeply into the relationship between the allocation of educational resources in urban and rural areas and educational equity. It takes the unbalanced distribution of educational resources between urban and rural regions as its starting point and employs quantitative analysis and field research methods to explore this complex relationship. The findings reveal that the uneven allocation of educational resources has a significant negative impact on educational equity, resulting in a substantial disparity between urban and rural students in terms of access to high-quality education. Policy attention deviation, an imperfect management mechanism, and insufficient investment in education are identified as the key reasons for this unbalanced allocation. Consequently, this study recommends that policymakers increase investment in rural education, reform the management mechanism, and optimize resource allocation to promote the realization of educational equity. The results of this research hold great significance for understanding the unequal distribution of urban and rural educational resources and providing valuable references for policymaking.

Dynamic unbalanced task allocation of warehouse AGVs using integrated adaptive large neighborhood search and Kuhn–Munkres algorithm

Dynamic task allocation poses a complex and challenging decision problem for automated guided vehicles operating within warehouse environments. In this study, we investigate a new method for dynamically allocating unbalanced tasks to a multi-AGV system, with a focus on real-time task arrivals. The research treats this problem as a dynamic vehicle routing problem with pickups and deliveries and proposes the use of a rolling horizon strategy to periodically reallocate tasks by iteratively solving mixed integer programming. To enhance the computational efficiency, a novel metaheuristic is developed, which integrates adaptive large neighborhood search and the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm. Comprehensive numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach, in comparison with state-of-the-art heuristics and metaheuristic algorithms, providing insight into the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed dynamic unbalanced task allocation method for multi-AGV systems in warehouse environments.

Effect of Flexible Working Hours on Employee Performance of Isiolo County Government, Kenya

The study sought to evaluate the effect of flexible working hours on employee performance of Isiolo County Government, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design whereby quantitative data was collected using close-ended questionnaires. Therefore, the target population included 1,662 employees of Isiolo County government in various departments. These employees were further sampled using a simple random method to obtain 43 directors, 48 managers, and 309 operational staff as the sample size. Further, the study undertook a pre-test study in Samburu County government whose feedback was assessed using Cronbach Alpha coefficient to test the reliability of the questionnaires. SPSS software version 25 was used during the analysis process to provide descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings of the questionnaire indicated that 86(25%) respondents, strongly agreed and 117(35%) agreed on a mean of 4.21, that there is a local arrangement between the staff and their supervisors on how to deliver the assigned tasks on remote working option However, 76(22%) respondents, strongly disagreed and 107(32%) disagreed on a mean of 2.43, Tasks are sub-divided using a job-sharing technique to allow employees attend to other areas of their lives and still manage to attain the departmental objectives. The correlation coefficient for flexible working hours r=0.741 at α < 0.02 and 99% significance level. Flexible working hours had a positive effect on the performance of employees. It was established that there was a hybrid working method that included in-office and remote operations. That notwithstanding, the choice of hybrid options was based on an informal agreement between first-line supervisor and an employee. This brought about unprofessional favors and an unbalanced allocation of tasks to the staff. Consequently, the long-term effect was poor completion of tasks, late submission of assignments, and lack of adequate supervision leading to unsatisfactory work. The recommendations on flexible working hours are that there should be a formal policy structure formulation by the management that allows equality and fairness in allocation of tasks and the choice of either working in an office or remotely. Additionally, there should be empowerment of organization laws and regulations to support disciplinary actions by the management, to discourage late submission of assignments. There should be an encouragement of work contract signing an agreement between the workers and the supervisors that supports in job training to reduce work-related errors/ unsatisfactory work.

Control strategy for flexible interconnection device considering transformer power losses

This paper proposes a flexible interconnection device control strategy. It takes transformer power loss into account to solve the problems of voltage overrun, station load imbalance, and unbalanced transformer capacity allocation that occur after the large-scale connection of distributed power sources into the low-voltage distribution network to realize the mutual aid of active power and load balancing between interconnected stations. Firstly, the VSC control strategy with capacitor current feedback active damping link is introduced to accurately execute the power commands and maintain the DC bus voltage stability. Then, the load regulation strategy with transformer power loss is proposed to generate the power commands of the flexible interconnection device. Finally, the simulation results show that the control strategy of the flexible interconnection device with transformer power loss mentioned in this paper can flexibly control the power transmitted by each port and maintain the bus voltage stability. The simulation results show that the flexible interconnection device control strategy proposed in this paper, which takes into account the transformer power loss, can flexibly control the transmission power at each port to keep the bus voltage stable. Moreover, it can effectively reduce system loss compared with the traditional load regulation strategy.

Solving Confirmation Time in Sharded Blockchain with PFQN

Sharding shows great potential for extending the efficiency of blockchains. The current challenge facing sharded blockchain technology lies in addressing the extended transaction confirmation times caused by isolated states between shards and unbalanced transaction allocation strategies. These factors contribute to an increase in cross-shard transactions and disproportionate shard workloads, ultimately resulting in indefinite confirmation delays for cross-shard transactions. A critical priority for sharded blockchain systems is to conduct a comprehensive qualitative analysis to better understand and mitigate the prolonged transaction confirmation times. We introduce a product-form queue network (PFQN) model to address the transaction confirmation time problem in sharded blockchains and incorporate a new confirmation queue to more accurately simulate the actual transaction confirmation process in the blockchain. In addition, we provide a detailed quantitative analysis of the relationship between the network load and consensus efficiency in sharded blockchains, offering a meaningful perspective for achieving robustness and efficiency in sharded blockchains. This research not only contributes to addressing the scalability issues in sharded blockchains but also offers a new perspective for future research directions.

Impact of Evidence-Based Quality Improvement on Tailoring VA’s Patient-Centered Medical Home Model to Women Veterans’ Needs

BackgroundWomen Veterans’ numerical minority, high rates of military sexual trauma, and gender-specific healthcare needs have complicated implementation of comprehensive primary care (PC) under VA’s patient-centered medical home model, Patient Aligned Care Teams (PACT).ObjectiveWe deployed an evidence-based quality improvement (EBQI) approach to tailor PACT to meet women Veterans’ needs and studied its effects on women’s health (WH) care readiness, team-based care, and burnout.DesignWe evaluated EBQI effectiveness in a cluster randomized trial with unbalanced random allocation of 12 VAMCs (8 EBQI vs. 4 control). Clinicians/staff completed web-based surveys at baseline (2014) and 24 months (2016). We adjusted for individual-level covariates (e.g., years at VA) and weighted for non-response in difference-in-difference analyses for readiness and team-based care overall and by teamlet type (mixed-gender PC-PACTs vs. women-only WH-PACTs), as well as post-only burnout comparisons.ParticipantsWe surveyed all clinicians/staff in general PC and WH clinics.InterventionEBQI involved structured engagement of multilevel, multidisciplinary stakeholders at network, VAMC, and clinic levels toward network-specific QI roadmaps. The research team provided QI training, formative feedback, and external practice facilitation, and support for cross-site collaboration calls to VAMC-level QI teams, which developed roadmap-linked projects adapted to local contexts.Main MeasuresWH care readiness (confidence providing WH care, self-efficacy implementing PACT for women, barriers to providing care for women, gender sensitivity); team-based care (change-readiness, communication, decision-making, PACT-related QI, functioning); burnout.Key ResultsOverall, EBQI had mixed effects which varied substantively by type of PACT. In PC-PACTs, EBQI increased self-efficacy implementing PACT for women and gender sensitivity, even as it lowered confidence. In contrast, in WH-PACTs, EBQI improved change-readiness, team-based communication, and functioning, and was associated with lower burnout.ConclusionsEBQI effectiveness varied, with WH-PACTs experiencing broader benefits and PC-PACTs improving basic WH care readiness. Lower confidence delivering WH care by PC-PACT members warrants further study.Trial RegistrationThe data in this paper represent results from a cluster randomized controlled trial registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02039856).

The impact of digital financial inclusion on innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)account for 95.68% of China's enterprise households and are important contributors to national development. The introduction of more policies aimed at the development of SMEs has demonstrated the importance of SMEs in terms of policy and strategy. Enterprise innovation is an extremely important part of enterprise development, but compared with medium and large enterprises, SMEs are vulnerable to financial constraints due to their single product, insufficient guarantees, and unbalanced allocation of external financial resources, resulting in a lack of funds to invest in enterprise innovation, which makes it difficult for them to realize their own development. Digital financial inclusion (DFI) is an emerging financial model based on new technology, DFI can improve those financial individuals and groups that are constrained in traditional finance. DFI can make it easier for people and businesses to access financial services through digital technology. In this paper, we use the DFI index of Peking University from 2011 to 2020, as well as the enterprise data of CSMAR to data analyze the impact of DFI on SMEs' innovation. The paper first uses a fixed-effects model for this purpose, and then takes financing cost as a mediating variable to analyze the channels of influence. The regression results show that DFI has an important role in promoting SME innovation, and that DFI can promote SMEs innovation by reducing the cost of financing.

Analysis on the Imbalanced Distribution of Medical Resources in China

Health is the premise of peoples happy life and the cornerstone of national economic development. In order to improve peoples physical fitness comprehensively, the allocation of medical resources is very important. This paper aims to analyze the current situation of the allocation of medical resources in China, and to provide suggestions for solving the problem of unbalanced allocation of medical resources in China. The analysis shows that the distribution of key medical resources is imbalanced in China. Medical resources such as number of beds per person and instruments with total value above 10,000 yuan are vital indicators. The distirbution of medical resouses shows a pattern of more in Eastern China and less in Western China, and the distinction between the North and the South is greater than the that between the East and the West. In order to optimize the current situation of resource allocation in China, the way of combining Internet and medical treatment is proposed, so that medical resources are not limited by space. Online consultation services are beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of common illnesses in areas with limited healthcare resources. It reduces the difficulty for patients to seek medical care and improve healthcare efficiency. For complex and difficult cases, early detection through online consultation can facilitate timely intervention.

Construction Strategy of Regional Investment and Financial Management System under Spatial Effect Modeling

Abstract In recent years, China’s regional economic differences have become more and more apparent, and the problem of unbalanced allocation of financial resources has become more and more prominent. In this context, it is of great practical significance to study the construction strategy of regional investment and financial management systems using the spatial effect model. This study adopts the spatial econometric method to establish the spatial effect model. Considering the limitations of the spatial panel data model, this paper also uses the general dynamic spatial panel model with fixed effects to analyze the relationship between regional investment and the financial management system. Finally, through the Granger causality test on the spatial effect analysis of regional investment and financial management, this paper verifies the study of the interaction between the financial management system and regional investment. The research data show that in the spatial panel model, the regression coefficient of the explanatory variable F financial management system is 0.2431, which is significant at the 1% level, indicating that with a little increase in the degree of financial management system, the regional economy grows by 0.2431. The fixed effect general dynamic spatial panel model’s superiority is confirmed by the higher goodness of fit of the general dynamic spatial panel model compared to the spatial panel model.

Planning of Multiregional EV Charging and Battery Swapping Stations Based on Dynamic Weighting Indexes

The increase in electric vehicle (EV) penetration has triggered a surge in demand for battery charging and swapping infrastructure. However, in diverse urban regions, an unbalanced allocation of charging stations (CSs) and battery swapping stations (BSSs) can lead to inefficient resource utilization and diminished revenue for these facilities. Therefore, it is urgent to set up a system of operational and economic indexes to evaluate the proportional planning of CSs and BSSs. The traditional weighting method of the index system cannot accurately describe the relationship between the indexes. As a result, an evaluation method of CS and BSS operational economy based on dynamic weighting indexes is proposed. Firstly, from the perspectives of EV owners, CSs, BSSs, power grid, traffic, and environment, a social and economic index system of CSs and BSSs is established, and quantifiable indexes related to the operational economy are extracted. Then, the copula entropy (CE) is used to improve the CRITIC objective weighting method, reflect the correlation between indexes, and align it with the objective law. The selected indexes are weighted by the subjective and objective combination weighting method. Finally, the simulation is conducted based on the practical data of the urban power grid in China. The rationality of the proposed operation economic indexes and the effectiveness of the improved weighting method are verified.

The role of digital financial inclusion in China on urban-rural disparities in healthcare expenditures.

The digital financial inclusion (DFI) provides opportunities to improve the relative capacity to pay for healthcare services by rural residents who are usually underserved by traditional finance in China. This paper provides empirical evidence on how the development of DFI affects the healthcare expenditure disparities between urban and rural residents. We employed the fixed effects model and instrumental variable method to estimate the impact of DFI on the Theil index of urban-rural disparities in healthcare expenditures, using panel data from 31 provinces (2011 ~ 2020) in China. We further adopted a moderating effect model to test whether the intensity of the impact would vary depending on the level of local government health expenditures. The results suggest a negative association between the development level of DFI and the urban-rural healthcare expenditure disparities in China. For every 1% increase in the DFI index, the Theil index of urban-rural disparities in healthcare expenditures would fall by 0.0013. After changing the measurement method for the dependent variable and adjusting the sample, the results remain robust. Moreover, the result of the moderating effect model indicates that, a high level of government health expenditures is conducive to the impact of DFI. Our research reveals that DFI plays an important role in bridging the urban-rural gap in healthcare expenditures. This finding provides new information for addressing the issue of urban-rural healthcare inequality in China. Chinese government needs to accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure and increase the penetration rate of digital tools in rural areas to promote the beneficial effects of DFI. Additionally, it is also necessary for local government to address the unbalanced allocation of medical resources between urban and rural areas, especially the shortage of rural human resources.

Research on the Training Mode of Digital Applied Talents in Local Private Universities

This paper discusses the current situation and problems of digital applied talents training in local private universities, and attempts to analyze and study the talent training paths of local private colleges and universities in order to cope with the difficulties of digital talents training in private colleges and universities. This paper expounds the necessity of the training of digital innovative talents in private colleges and universities, and analyzes the current situation of the training of digital talents in colleges and universities at home and abroad through case study. This paper introduces the challenges and difficulties faced by local public universities and private universities under the background of unbalanced resource allocation. Explore the digital talent training model that meets the needs of local social development; From the perspective of clarifying the development needs of society and enterprises, this paper analyzes the transformation of curriculum structure with multi-disciplinary integration, digital project practice and infrastructure optimization, school-enterprise cooperation to build a digital talent training system, and strengthening the training of teachers in private colleges and universities, so as to build a strategy that is more appropriate for the cultivation of digital application-oriented talents. In order to adapt to the local manufacturing industry to digital, network, intelligent transformation of talent needs. Key words: digitalization; Talent cultivation; Student practice; innovation

Comparison of the driving mechanism between logistics land use and facilities: A case study from Wuhan metropolitan area

Investigating the spatial growth patterns and underlying mechanisms driving urban logistics space and activities with scientific quantitative methodologies holds substantial importance in advancing the sustainable development of urban logistics. From a perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics, this study has proposed a multinomial logit (MNL) cellular automata (CA) model to explore the spatial evolution of logistics land use and logistics facility locations in Wuhan metropolitan area from 2010 to 2018. The driving mechanism behind the spatial evolution of logistics in both land use and facilities has been compared in a bidirectional path. The results show that: 1) Both logistics land use and facilities exhibit a suburbanization trend characterized by a “center-periphery” non-equilibrium spread in space, and the evolution pattern of higher development in west and lower development in the east of the Yangtze River. The growth of small-sized facilities has basically formed a self-organizing spatial pattern in line with the structure of residents' demand. 2) The co-location indices (CLI) between logistics land use and facilities have shown a consistent decline from 2010 to 2018. This decline suggests an increasingly pronounced issue of spatial mismatch between logistics land use planning and actual facilities allocation, resulting in an unbalanced allocation of logistics resources and inefficient logistics activities. 3) Both logistics land use and large facilities concentrate in urban fringe areas due to its sensitivity to land price. The small-sized facilities tend to locate in residential area in central region. Finally, policy implications have been provided to guide practical planning and support the sustainable development of logistics.

Factor allocation efficiency of environmental protection industry in China—Based on the perspective of micro enterprises

The Environmental Protection Industry (EPI) has expanded tremendously in response to rising environmental awareness and governmental assistance. EPI development has been hampered by the disordered and unbalanced allocation of production factors caused by the complex and diverse industry mix. In this study, a micro perspective is adopted to dissect the EPI into three departments: technology, manufacturing, and management. A measuring model for determining the misallocation of factors in the EPI is constructed using a three-department Cobb-Douglas production function. The model assesses the effectiveness of factor allocation in China's national and regional EPI while taking into account provincial industrial structures. The findings demonstrate disparate performances between various factors and departments and highlight noteworthy variances in the effectiveness of factor allocation within China's EPI. In particular, capital misallocation is far worse than labor misallocation, with manufacturing misallocation being noticeably worse than other departments. The excessive concentration of factors within the manufacturing department and the severe lack of inputs in the other two departments are mostly to blame for Central and Northwest China's low factor allocation efficiency. Additionally, capital tends to cluster inside the manufacturing department, while labor tends to move toward dominant departments. Finally, relevant policy suggestions are made based on the empirical findings.

The Impact of Regional Socio-Economic Development on Spatial and Temporal Differences in the Distribution Pattern of Top-Tier Education in China

Regional socio-economics has multiple and far-reaching influences on the development of top-tier education, and the development of top-tier education also represents the strength and level of the regional socio-economics to a large extent. The present study investigates the spatial and temporal differences in the distribution pattern of doctoral disciplines of Chinese “double first-class” construction universities between 1996 and 2022 and the influence of regional socio-economics through two perspectives of economic regions and provinces. The study shows that there are differences in the development speed, scale, and level of top-tier education among different economic divisions and provinces, and the overall pattern of “fast in the east and slow in the west”, “more in the east and less in the west”, and “strong in the east and weak in the west” is unbalanced. At the same time, there is a high degree of concentration in different economic regions. The main reasons include the historical problem of the unbalanced allocation of China’s educational resources, as well as the uneven geographical distribution of relevant national policies, and the influence of regional socio-economic development differences, especially GDP and literacy rate. In terms of the influence mechanism, the development mindset of universities themselves, especially the strategy for talent cultivation and introduction, is the fundamental factor for the formation of the top-tier education development gap among different economic regions and provinces.

Analysis of Regional Differences in Teacher Resources in Secondary Vocational Schools in the Context of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Synergy

Under the background of beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development, the allocation of secondary vocational education resources has been deeply affected.Firstly, based on the relevant data of teachers' educational resources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei secondary vocational Firstly, based on the relevant data of teachers' educational resources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei secondary vocational schools in 2020, this paper defines each index of resource allocation in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei secondary vocational schools. Secondly, the coefficient of variation method is used to calculate and analyze the related factors that affect the educational resources of secondary vocational schools. Finally, optimization strategies are proposed for the unbalanced resource allocation of teachers in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei secondary In addition, the Joint Committee also recommends that the Government of the Republic of China (RDC), in cooperation with the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China and the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MEC), should consider the possibility of establishing a new system of education for teachers. reference for the establishment of modern vocational education system and optimization of resource allocation in first-class vocational education in The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of vocational education in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

Event-related potentials and brain oscillations reflect unbalanced allocation of retrieval and integration efforts in sentence comprehension

ABSTRACT Empirical studies have found a processing asymmetry between Chinese subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs) and object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs). Still, there is no consensus on how this SRC-ORC asymmetry occurs. Thus, aiming to elucidate how the neural activity, in the forms of both event-related potentials (ERPs) and brain oscillations (i.e. event-related synchronisation/desynchronisation, ERS/ERD), attuned to sentences with different levels of processing difficulty, we conducted an electroencephalography (EEG) study to examine the comprehension of Chinese SRCs and ORCs. The results showed an N400 and a P600 effect when comparing SRCs and ORCs. Simultaneously, delta ERS was associated with N400 during the processing of both types of relative clauses and theta ERS with P600 during the processing of SRCs. By incorporating the ERP and ERS indexes, we propose that the dissociation between the integration and retrieval effort involved in sentence comprehension may account for the processing asymmetry between sentences.

Safeguarding the Right to Health of the Elderly in Rural China: A Legal Analysis.

Older people in rural China enjoy the right to health under Chinese law. However, the problems of economic difficulties, the unbalanced allocation of medical resources between urban and rural areas and the weakening of the traditional function of the family as a provider of old-age care in reality make the elderly in rural areas face a higher risk of health problems. The law is an important tool to mitigate these problems. Although China has made great efforts to legally guarantee the right to health of the rural elderly, it has not yet fully implemented the requirements of Article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Article 14 of the Madrid Political Declaration and International Plan of Action on Ageing. China needs to further improve the relevant legislation to provide adequate legal support for the exercise of the right to health of the elderly in rural areas.