Unattended Substation Research Articles

Anti-occlusion multi-object surveillance based on improved deep learning approach and multi-feature enhancement for unmanned smart grid safety

Unattended substations are the basis of intelligent substations, which require remote surveillance and control. Limited by the number of visual sensors, remote manual monitoring is incomplete and inefficient. Onsite workers and intruders are easily hidden by the smart grid facility, which affects the safety surveillance of personnel and equipment. The traditional kernelized correlation filter (KCF) method has a poor ability to adapt to the practical environment. This paper presents an anti-occlusion framework on the basis of imaging techniques to solve the problem of optimized surveillance. The novelty is further strengthened by its more practical Deep Learning model and tracking methods. Firstly, a multi-feature fusion model of the HOG feature and color feature is proposed to enhance target characteristics as the target is severely blocked. Secondly, a target classifier training and fast detection method based on improved CNN is introduced. Lastly, to overcome the drawbacks of the KCF tracking algorithm, such as its inability to scale adaptive and blind updates, a new adaptive learning rate strategy is proposed for occlusion tracking. The effects on the OTB-2013 dataset demonstrate that the improved technique has better accuracy and robustness when compared to KCF methods.

Recognition Method of Knob Gear in Substation Based on YOLOv4 and Darknet53-DUC-DSNT.

When unattended substations are popular, the knob is a vital monitoring object for unattended substations. However, in the actual scene of the substation, the recognition method of a knob gear has low accuracy. The main reasons are as follows. Firstly, the SNR of knob images is low due to the influence of lighting conditions, which are challenging to extract image features. Secondly, the image deviates from the front view affected by the shooting angle; that knob has a certain deformation, which causes the feature judgment to be disturbed. Finally, the feature distribution of each kind of knob is inconsistent, which interferes with image extraction features and leads to weak spatial generalization ability. For the above problems, we propose a three-stage knob gear recognition method based on YOLOv4 and Darknet53-DUC-DSNT models for the first time and apply key point detection of deep learning to knob gear recognition for the first time. Firstly, YOLOv4 is used as the knob area detector to find knobs from a picture of a cabinet panel. Then, Darknet53, which can extract features, is used as the backbone network for keypoint detection of knobs, combined with DUC structure to recover detailed information and DSNT structure to enhance feature extraction and improve spatial generalization ability. Finally, we obtained the knob gear by calculating the angle between the line of the rotating center point and the pointing point and horizontal direction. The experimental results show that this method effectively solves the above problems and improves the performance of knob gear detection.

Study on an intelligent cooling control method of transformer

With the implemeGEPI-173ntation of unattended and intelligent substation, the operation and maintenance personnel are far away from the substation. The cooling system lacks real-time monitoring, fault prediction, remote control and other functions. The number of transformer non-stop caused by cooler fault is further increased, which directly threatens the power grid security. In order to solve the above problems, a new intelligent air-cooling control method is proposed. Based on the large-scale signal acquisition method, a new intelligent air-cooling system design scheme is proposed. The characteristics, hardware system design, software system design, main program design, oil temperature control design, comprehensive switching design, data sharing center design message flow design and other key links of the new intelligent transformer cooler control system are introduced in detail. The results show that the scheme can better meet the needs of unattended substation and realize the intelligent operation of substation. It can further improve the security capacity of transformer production and play an important role in the construction and development of smart grid.

Instrument Identification Technology Based on Deep Learning

With the continuous improvement of science and technology, the substation remote control system has been constantly improved, which provides the possibility for the complete realization of intelligent and unmanned substation. However, due to the special substation environment, it is easy to cause interference, coupled with the low accuracy of today’s video image processing algorithm, which leads to the frequent occurrence of false alarms and missing alarms. Manual intervention is needed to deal with this, which inhibits the display of automatic intelligent substation processing functions. Therefore, in this paper, the most rapidly developed machine learning algorithm — deep learning is applied to the substation instrument equipment identification processing, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of instrument equipment identification, and make due contributions to the full realization of unattended substation.

Research on Video Detection Method of Moving Target Oriented to Substation

With the promotion of unattended substations across the country, intrusion detection technology for people in important areas of substations has become an important research area. This article focuses on the problem of personnel entering important areas of substations for the purpose of man-made destruction, and proposes an improved two-frame difference method A moving target detection method combined with the background subtraction method. This method is based on the two-frame difference method, taking into account the impact of changes in illumination, and avoids the image sequence by combining the difference map of the background subtraction method and the two-frame difference method. The “double shadow” phenomenon caused by the difference method can also avoid the situation that the background subtraction method misjudges the sudden change of light as a moving target, improves the recognition accuracy, and can meet the real-time requirements of the substation intelligent monitoring system.

Research on Video Detection of Object Intrusion in Substation

The safe running of substations is an important part of power system security, as well as an important work of the power companies. The intrusion of kites, plastic trash, small animals and other objects will affect the safe running of substations. With the development of video monitoring technology, intelligent recognition technology of images and videos, video monitoring has gradually become the main monitoring means of unattended substations. This paper firstly analyses the research status and main technologies of video object recognition. To achieve the detection of foreign objects in substations, moving object detection and video object detection technologies are studied. And two outlines are proposed: using background subtraction and image classification, using YOLOv3 to detect objects in videos. In the end of the paper, YOLOv3 was tested by training a detector of small animals. The results show that the value of mAP equals to 0.7169 and the detection speed fulfills the request of real-time detection. This method could serve as reference for detecting and tracking intrusion objects in substations.

Application of Image Processing Technology in Substation Patrol Inspection

Electricity plays an important role in the development of national economy, and substation is the core of the whole power grid, which plays an important role in dispatching power supply. In the past, substation management mainly relied on human resources to monitor and inspect the substation on duty, which caused a lot of waste of electric power technicians. With the development of automation technology and network technology, a new substation management mode emerged as the times require, that is, the application of image processing technology in substation inspection. This kind of substation inspection involves image and voice compression technology, computer technology, multimedia network technology, so it is a relatively complex large-scale system. Image processing technology makes it possible to patrol unattended substations. In view of space, this paper mainly introduces the application of image processing technology in substation patrol.

Повышение информационной безопасности автоматизированных систем диспетчерского управления в электроэнергетических системах

The main trends in the development of automated dispatch control systems (also known as SCADA — supervisory control and data acquisition systems) in the electric power industry are considered, and the shift to the concept of remotely controlled unattended substations is analyzed. It is shown that the introduction of smart computerized control systems in the electric power industry results in that the matters concerned with ensuring cybersecurity of power facilities are coming at the forefront. Possible information-related impacts and cyber- attacks on electric power system facilities can upset the operation of not only automated systems and secondary intelligent equipment, but also the main power equipment of power plants and substations. Unauthorized control of digital substation equipment, failures and malfunctions of primary and secondary substation equipment caused by cyber attacks are the main challenges and threats arising from the fitting of the electric power industry with information technologies. These new challenges determine the relevance of assessing the risks of upsetting the operation of automated dispatch control systems in the electric power industry. It is proposed to assess the risks of upsetting the automated dispatch control system operation in addition to evaluating the reliability of electric power systems and their components. The relevance of developing the above-mentioned risk assessment methodology is shown, and one of possible versions of its practical implementation is proposed. The proposed version implies application of the real-time power system simulation method with connecting the secondary equipment (relay protection and automatic control terminals, controllers and intelligent devices) into the simulation loop. The rest part of the system (primary substation equipment) can be represented by a numerical model implemented on an RTDS simulator (this approach is called hardware-in-the-loop simulation). Simulation of an electric power system area with the relay protection, automatic, and process control system devices connected in the simulation loop will make it possible to estimate the consequences for various scenarios of disturbing the operation of a complex electric power system, also as a result of possible unauthorized information attacks. The developed methodology for assessing the risks of disturbing the operation of an automated dispatch control system makes it possible to obtain the integral risk values for the considered plant or system. The analysis results can be used for taking management decisions, and a correct and timely choice of measures for managing the identified makes it possible to ensure the reliability and safety of both individual electric power industry facilities and the electric power system as a whole.

The Research of Power Secondary Anti-disoperation Function in Dispatching Control Center Based on The Mode of Full Remote Control and Integrated Dispatching and Control

In the dispatching control center, the integration of dispatching control and anti-disoperation is realized. The key technologies include building and displaying the secondary anti-disoperation model, establishing the anti-disoperation model interaction process, and forming the second anti-disoperation judgment logic in the dispatching control center. These research results can ensure the safety of the primary equipment operation to the cold standby, and the safety of the secondary equipment remote control operation, and also enrich the remote monitoring information of unattended substation. It provides a feasible scheme to solve the anti-disoperation risk based on the mode of full remote control and integrated dispatching and control.

Research and Analysis on Rainwater Harvesting and Utilization Technology of Unattended Substation

The rainwater collection and utilization technology in substation was investigated, and then a novel water-saving technology system for green substations is presented in this paper. A 220kV substation was chosen as the example to analyze the system. The results showed that it can save 278.5m³ water resource. It can provide important reference for rainwater collection and utilization in unattended substation.

Design and Application of Relay Protection Remote Control System Based On Smart Grid Dispatching and Control System

With the development of smart grid dispatching and control system, the unattended substation operation mode has been widely used therefore relay protection remote control needs to be enhanced to accomplish the integration of power dispatching and control. This article is based on IEC 60870-5-104 protocol published by IEC, researched online setting area switching, relay plate switching and setting modification which embedded in new generation of smart grid dispatching and control system. By contrast with the traditional methods, this newly designed system focus on preventing incorrect operation, data rationality optimization and standardized operational procedure, significantly improved the reliability and accuracy of remote operation. Practices prove that the application of this system tremendously save the cost of daily maintenance, increase the working efficiency; decrease the potential safety risk which is deserved being highly popularized.

Research and Application of the Moving Target Detection Method in Video Monitoring System

The moving target detection method is the main research content in the current real-time video monitoring field. In order to improve the real-time monitoring level of the unattended substation, this paper adopts the detection method of Gaussian Mixture Model to analyze the video images through improving the moving target detection algorithm, thus achieving accurate detection of the abnormal situation of the substation site in a way of moment stimulus, so as to make rapid and wise decisions and real-time response, and effectively improve the real-time monitoring level and safety level of the unattended substation.

Real Time Data Distribution Technology of SCADA based on Redis

The existing SCADA software based on C/S can no longer meet the current monitoring requirement of electric power enterprises for unattended substations. The new trend of SCADA software developing is based on Web. This article introduces the key technologies and implementation approaches when Redis memory database is taken as SCADA real time data cache. And the quantitative evaluation of the effect of the implementation is carries out. Then the problems appearing when the SCADA is migrated to the B/S architecture from the C/S architecture can be solved and the system can satisfy the requirement of users.

Mobile robot for power substation inspection: a survey

This paper presents the most important achievements in the field of electric power substation equipment's inspection by mobile robot. To accelerate the realization of unattended substation, which would improve the reliability, safety and intelligence of power substation, the field of automated power substation equipment's inspection has been greatly developed over the last decade. The paper addresses the power substation inspection robot, which is considered as one of the most active fields of research on mobile robot, from its history to design requirements, the robot system architecture analysis and modeling, reliability technology of the robot, autonomy and universality of substation equipment inspection. Besides, summaries and suggestions on the development and research trend of inspection robot, which should be addressed in the future, are given. The present work may serve as reference for initial design of robots for some complex and dangerous working environments. And some unique insights for the inspection robot provided in this paper may be of help to further research and application of power facilities inspection.

Research on Remote Monitor and Safety About Substation Based on Wireless Private Network

With the technology of security video surveillance applied in unattended electric power substations, security management is the only way to modernize the power grid. The paper proposes a set of integrated solutions combining substation video, security and power supply based on the 4G Wireless Networks. It studies the remote video security system that integrates security and technical precautions with hardware and software combining. The system strengthens the safety and security management of unattended substation relying on the latest 4G private network technology and advanced hardware equipment.

A Study on the Intelligent Analysis and Pre-warning Platform of Power Grid Video Surveillance Based on “the Integration of Regulation and Control”

In order to strengthen the centralized management and control on the work of substations in all aspects and increase the real-time surveillance and safety level of unattended substations, this paper carries out a study on the intelligent analysis and pre-warning platform of power grid video surveillance based on “the integration of regulation and control”. With the design idea of combining centralization and distribution, this platform screens and analyzes a large amount of videos intelligently through the target characteristic detection method based on vision and the means of pattern classification, realizing accurate warnings of the work of unattended substations.

Research on Substation Equipment Temperature Monitoring Technology

with the substation construction and retrofit, gradually achieve the unattended substation operation, long-term high temperature operation is the main cause of equipment wear and tear, fault, in view of the continuously monitor equipment operation temperature, helps to discover the hidden trouble of equipment operation, master the equipment running status, improve the operating life of equipment. Temperature measuring technology as the main technical means, through continuous improvement to upgrade, there are so many ways to achieve, but the lack of standards and specifications. Through the comparison and analysis of the principle of the existing equipment temperature monitoring technology, concludes the key points of equipment temperature measurement technology, discusses the development trend of substation equipment temperature measurement technology, formation of substation equipment should have the characteristics of temperature monitoring technology. In substation operations management and equipment maintenance as the goal, combined with the Internet of things, the sensing technology, the realization of intelligent substation temperature measuring technology application.

The Research and Design of Unattended Intelligent Substation of Safety Monitoring System

This topic will be based on the characteristics of electric power facilities and computer systems, combined with the similarities between the power industry and power facilities, using the computer software, wireless sensor network and so on, to detect the various indicators of power equipment, including the temperature, degree of humidity on the tower, substation, etc., in order to achieve the real-time detection, alarm and other functions of the safety of power facilities in substation. Under the background of the power facilities having many advantages such as a great quantity, wide distribution and the rapid process of unattended. After the failure of power facilities , it will be helpful to find out the exact point of failure quickly, to restore power as quickly as possible. It has great practical value.

Running Analysis of Substation Integrated Automation System in Unattended

Is Automation technique in substation integrated automation for substation applied a concentrated expression, was unattended substations necessary technical conditions, on integrated automation principle of analysis in the article, simultaneous analysis of control into the centralized control of unattended substation and grade control, focusing on analysis of unattended substation communication networks, and make recommendations on the communication engineering mode for unattended substation.

Design of WSN-Based Remote Monitoring System for Environmental Parameters in Substation

According to the hidden danger of environmental security in unattended substation, the paper designs an environmental parameters remote monitoring system based on wireless sensor network (WSN), and achieves the part of data collection. In addition, the system can monitor the conditions of power distribution equipment and switches. The system improves the environment of substation and ensures the substation operation normally.