UN's Goals Research Articles

Evidence Provided by the Literature on the Use of Crossfit Elements in Sport

In recent years, scientific literature has increasingly examined the use of CrossFit in various sports. This paper aims to analyze this literature through bibliometric methods. Searches in the Scopus database from 2000 to January 30, 2024, yielded 567 relevant results. The analysis identified publication dates, prominent authors, affiliations, and key publications, aligning findings with UN goals. Around 75% of articles were published in the last 5 years, indicating rising interest. Results were categorized into sports branches, performance measurement, injuries, nutrition, motivation, and benefits.

United Nations Goals for Child Welfare in Pakistan: An Analysis of Midpoint Agenda

The primary objective of this study was to examine Pakistan's child welfare policies and programs in light of the United Nations' goals for 2030. The study aims to examine Pakistan's performance in child-related SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and to compare it to its neighbors, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and India. As a 'Quant-Qual Cross-sectional Study,' the researchers reviewed a number of secondary data sources available through their websites. Along with these many sources of quantitative data, the researchers also obtained qualitative information (e.g., child policies, programs, legislation, plans of action, etc.). It was a halfway evaluation, named the "Midpoint Agenda," of what is to be achieved by 2030. The Midpoint Agenda was analyzed in May 2024, nearly halfway through the UN goals set in 2015. The analysis of data leads us to the conclusion that child welfare in Pakistan remains at a residual level after 77 years. The welfare personnel's justified attitude has made it clear that Pakistan's residual welfare is the result of insufficient public investment and poor governance. Urgent attention is also required to overhaul all child welfare programs and instruments.

Obesity Management and the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals in Greece

Overweight and obesity consists of a severe global pandemic having harmful and undesired health, social and economic impacts. Obesity management is not included in the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals of UN which should be achieved by 2030 according to the international agreement signed in the global summit for climate change in 2015 in Paris. The problem of obesity is severe in Greece where many children and adults are overweight and obese. The achievement of SDGs in Greece has been monitored indicating that, in 2022, their achievement was not satisfactory and more efforts are required to reach in the desired targets by 2030. Many international studies have indicated that obesity treatment is indirectly related with the achievement of several UN SDGs. Other studies in various countries have indicated that education is negatively related with obesity while education is one available tool for fighting the harmful pandemic. Similar studies in Greece are limited while appropriate policies focusing simultaneously in obesity reduction and in the achievement of the UN SDGs are lacking. The development of new policies in Greece targeting jointly in obesity reduction and the achievement of the SDGs could be useful having many health, social, economic and environmental benefits. The development of educational material for treating overweight and obesity could contribute in the mitigation of the obesity pandemic in Greece.

The Age- And Sex- Specific Burden of Transport Injuries in India Over a Decade From 2010-2019: A Systematic Analysis from Global Burden of Diseases 2019

Background: In India, transport injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for a large number of people, including children, young adults and elderly people. The objective is to estimate the transport injury-related mortality and morbidity in India over the past decade from 2010-2019. Methodology: By using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study (GBD), we analysed mortality, Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs), Years Lived in Disability (YLDs), Years of Life Lost (YLL), prevalence rate (per 100K) attributed to transport injuries for all ages, in India. Burden is reported in absolute numbers and percentage changes over a decade period from 2010 to 2019; stratified by sex ratio, and age groups, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Transport injuries had accounted for 235,444 deaths (2.51%) in 2019; and 231,177 deaths (2.68%) in 2010. Transport injuries are the leading cause of death among people aged 15-49 years with more than 50% of burden in India. Death-rate due to transport had declined from 18.77 to 16.93 per 100,000 populations over a decade (2010-2019). Conclusions: Over a decade, progress made in the burden of transport injuries was limited and the burden had started to rise after achieving some success till 2016. India needs to sustain and improve the progress made in order to achieve UN goals for 2030.

Physical, Nutritional, Textural and Sensory Properties of Wheat Bread Supplemented with Soybean: Finger Millet and Flax Seeds flour

Two-third population of the world is under-nourished, and lack in required quantity of minerals and proteins. United Nations launched 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of which SDG-3 is “health and well-being” to improve the position of malnutrition worldwide. Proteins are essential to human health and in post-covid-19 era, plant proteins production industry is booming to meet the demand of enhanced requirement of vegetative proteins by consumers. Proteins Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) of soy protein is 1.00 which is closer to some of the proteins from animal sources. Soy proteins contain balanced amounts of essential amino acids except sulfuric-amino acids like methionine. The blended flour contained equal quantities of soybeans, finger millet, and flax seeds and was added at varying proportions (10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) with refined wheat flour for fortification purpose. The comprehensive evaluation encompassed nutritional, sensory, and physical attributes of the resulting multigrain bread when compared with a control loaf made exclusively from wheat flour. The bread fortified with a 10% composite flour mixture exhibited properties equivalent to the control bread across parameters such as expansion, specific volume, color, and crumb hardness but with enhanced nutritional value. The data revealed that supplementation of bread with 10% composite flour blend led to a discernible increase in levels of dietary fiber and proteins. We may safely conclude that the incorporation of a well-balanced composite flour blend, comprising soybeans, finger millet, and flax seeds, at 10% level offers a promising avenue to fortify wheat flour bread with enhanced nutritional content that may be helpful in improving the nutritional status of people as a part of Sustainable Development Goals of UN as the bread is a common food item of the poor also. Objective: Bread is the common food of all people throughout the world and wheat flour the most abundant component that contain high quantity of gluten and is deficient in balanced nutrients. The purpose of this study was to develop highly nutritious multi-grain bread to fight with malnutrition as a part of Sustainable Development Goal-3 of UN. Methodology: Composite flour containing equal amounts of soybean, finger millet and flax seed was prepared. The bread was prepared using different combinations of wheat flour with 10, 15, 20 and 25% composite flour. Physio-chemical and sensory properties of wheat flour (control) and different combinations with composite flour were measured using standard parameters and protocol. Results: The nutritional, sensory, and physical attributes of the multigrain bread when compared with a control wheat flour loaf, revealed that the bread fortified with a 10% composite flour mixture possessed similar expansion, specific volume, color, and crumb hardness with that of control wheat flour bread but showed enhanced nutritional value. The data further revealed that the supplementation of bread with 10% composite flour blend led to a discernible increase in levels of dietary fiber and proteins. These augmented nutritional components may contribute to the overall health benefits of multigrain bread.

Forest Wellness Tourism Development Strategies Using SWOT, QSPM, and AHP: A Case Study of Chongqing Tea Mountain and Bamboo Forest in China

Forests drive tourism growth in China, offering ecologic and economic benefits over urbanization trends. Wellness tourism, aligned with UN goals, thrives in forest settings, though challenges remain, particularly in the underinvested forest regions of Western China. This study aims to identify and rank the forest wellness tourism industry development strategies for Chongqing Tea Mountain and Bamboo Forest National Park in China. The SWOT method was used to construct the strategy, while the AHP method and QSPM matrix were used to rank the selected strategies. The data used in the analysis were the survey questionnaire data of 356 individuals to construct the model to identify the strategies, and the interview data of 23 experts to rate the strategies using the Delphi method. The effectiveness of eight internal and seven external factors for forest wellness tourism was evaluated. The survey results highlight the most significant advantages of the Chongqing Tea Mountains and Bamboo Forest as being its “beautiful natural and unique scenery”, and its most significant shortcomings as its “insufficient supporting facilities and weak infrastructure”. The QSPM matrix analysis reveals that the ‘offensive strategy’ is the best. The results also emphasize the importance of “Protecting the diverse tourism resources to keep the market prospect and promote wellness industry development” in the study areas. Therefore, the potential of developing forest wellness tourism in this area should be considered and included in the agenda of policy makers to strengthen the development of forest wellness tourism, improve the economic status of the tourism of the jurisdiction, and create employment opportunities in tourism-related businesses.

The research of the public healthcare sector in the context of achieving “Sustainable Development Goals”

Currently, the management of the development of the public healthcare sector should be objectively oriented towards the UN goals in the field of Sustainable Development. In accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals in the field of public healthcare , the main task is to ensure the rights to receive services, ensure their availability, regardless of the social status of the recipient of services and his place of residence. Despite a number of comprehensive measures, today these measures are not enough. The article defines the importance of ensuring the health of the nation in the context of achieving the Republic of Kazakhstan “Sustainable Development Goals”. The necessity of forming a health Rating of the population of Kazakhstan, which would reflect the state and qualitative changes, is argued, which implies conducting a set of studies. At the present stage of the study, the results of which are disclosed in this article, a “framework” analysis of the availability of health services in Kazakhstan was conducted, based on data for the period 2018–2022. The study revealed both positive trends in the improvement of most indicators characterizing the availability of medical services depending on income, and the presence of severe imbalances. Based on the results obtained, further directions of research on the formation of a rating reflecting the achievement of the third Sustainable Development Goal for Kazakhstan, with the aim of further improving the healthcare system, have been identified.

GIS-MCE based suitability analysis for sustainable estate development in Ede North LGA Osun State, Nigeria

Ideal areas for housing developments that are, for the most part, sustainable present critical issues in the planning and development of eco-friendly urban settlements. With this in mind and explicitly, Ede North LGA of Osun State was chosen as the case study, where a methodological framework for a land suitability analysis was adopted to identify suitable lands for real estate development with sustainability as a focus in the realization of global UN goals. This present study falls within the framework of the Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) analysis, which can be integrated into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) together with the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), useful for decision-making in site selection studies. For this purpose, computed relative weights from the pairwise comparisons (AHP) of 5 sub-models, i.e., terrain, environmental, socio-economic, available land, and soil factors, were inserted into the suitability analysis function of GIS and combined in a ‘Weighted Sum’ overlay operation to produce a final suitability map on a scale of 1–5, with 5 being the highest preference. Lastly, the ‘Locate Region’ Spatial Analyst tool was applied to the final suitability map to locate three (3) optimum locations to site the estate developments. Conclusively, in view of the analysis and discoveries made in this research, finding optimum locations via the GIS-MCE-based land suitability model for future housing development needs may prove highly resourceful. Hence, this study can likewise give a significant direction to future land use changes and practical and cost-effective arrangements in urban areas where conditions are similar to those in Ede North LGA.

Knowledge bases, innovation and sustainability - When tradition meets novelty in the food industry

BackgroundThe established food industry needs to introduce more sustainable products to reach UN goals on food consumption and production. Existing theory on modes of innovation is discussed in relation to two cases where detailed insights through new product development process is known. Scope and approachThis commentary is illustrated with a green plant-based and a blue fish-based product development case. These cases have been used to illustrate how knowledge bases affect product development. Key findings and conclusionsModes of innovation in the established food industry vary from learning by doing to science and technology-based innovation. In line with existing theory, it is believed interpreters of knowledge are important actors for knowledge brokering, due to embodied tacit knowledge and common language not being shared within explicit and tacit knowledge actors. In this commentary, symbolic knowledge is added forming a modified triangle of knowledge surrounded by sustainability as a driver of innovation and new product development.

Generalizability of the effectiveness of a preschool mathematics intervention for low-socioeconomic status Turkish children.

A socioeconomic status (SES)-related achievement gap in mathematics emerges in children from many countries before school entry, persists in primary school, and imposes challenges for education systems worldwide. In response, the United Nations' sustainable development goals include universal access to quality preschool education to support universal numeracy. A generalizability study of the effectiveness of an early mathematics intervention was conducted for low-SES Turkish preschool children (33 boys, 27 girls; Mage = 4.32). Classrooms were randomly assigned to treatment (Pre-K Mathematics) or control conditions. Children's early mathematical knowledge was assessed by the Child Math Assessment. A statistically significant positive impact was found (ES = 1.32). This indicates some generalizability of the intervention and supports the feasibility of using early intervention to achieve UN goals.

Mapping inundation from sea level rise and its interaction with land cover in the Sundarbans mangrove forest

The sea level rise (SLR) in the Sundarbans areas is higher than the global-average rate of sea rise, and many studies assume that most of the dry land of the Sundarbans will be inundated by the end of the twenty-first century. This study aims to analyze the amount of dry land that can potentially be inundated by SLR in Sundarbans and the impact under different land cover conditions. Four SLR scenarios, a digital elevation data grid, and net subsidence data are used to map areas that will be potentially inundated by 2100. Results for the low (35 cm), mid (52 cm), high (70 cm), and extreme (147 cm) SLR scenarios indicate that the Sundarbans landmass area will be flooded up to 40 km2 (1%), 72 km2 (1.8%), 136 km2 (3.4%), and 918 km2 (23%), respectively, under the current net subsidence rate of −2.4 mm/year by 2100. Except for the extreme scenarios, the low, mid, and high SLR will result in riverbank and beach areas to be covered by water. The potential inundation areas of different vegetation cover classes that already exist today (2020) will be nominal for the low, mid, and high SLR scenarios. We also analyzed the sensitivity of the results through station-based SLR data, which fits with the low (35 cm) SLR scenarios under the −2.4 mm/year subsidence rate. This study concluded that the inundation aspect of SLR will not directly affect the Sundarbans; however, indirectly related threats and anthropogenic disturbances can be major drivers of the Sundarbans’ degradation by the end of the twenty-first century. This work discusses reasonable inundation scenarios integrating SLR and subsidence with a custom land-cover map that includes three forest-density categories. The study’s findings contribute to forest management planning and support the UN goals of the Bangladesh Delta Plan.

The UN Global Digital Compact (GDC), Achieving a trusted, free, open, and Secure Internet: Trust-building

A United Nations’ (UN) public consultation, underway, is reviewing requirements for the Global Digital Compact (GDC) to advance UN goals for an ‘open, free, and secure digital future for all’ (UN, GDC, 2022). Achieving the goals relies on proposed principles, including: connecting everyone; avoiding fragmentation; protecting data; applying human rights; accountability for discrimination and misleading content; regulation of artificial intelligence; digital commons as a public good; and ‘other’ areas. The purpose of this paper is to present an argument that trust must be included as a central ‘other’ principle. Although successful achievement of the GDC goals is contingent on building trust in each principle, a method for trust-building is not provided. Through leveraging well-established organization and conflict management trust-building literature the contribution of this paper presents a fresh conceptual framework, allowing trust and trust-building in the goals to be operationalized and assessed. In, addressing the research gap as to how build trust in the GDC goals as they are implemented, the novel trust-building process as presented helps policymakers, practitioners, and academics better address potential risks to the future internet, such as, increased; state isolation, sovereignty, and internet fragmentation. Limitations and calls for further research highlight that understanding state-level trust-building in policy is not yet mature. Further, scholars needs to better categorize the processes, dynamics and norms involved in state-level trust-building, helping to counter future internet challenges.

Study on the spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of farmland abandonment on a county scale.

The protection of farmland resources is related to world food security, as well as the smooth realization of the goals of UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and China's Rural Revitalization Plan. As the most active region in the global economic development and one of the main grain producing areas, the problem of farmland abandonment in the Yangtze River Delta gradually appears with the rapid development of urbanization. Therefore, based on the interpretation data of remote sensing images and field survey data of three periods in 2000, 2010, and 2018, this study used Moran's I and geographical barycenter model to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution law of farmland abandonment in Pingyang County of the Yangtze River Delta. And then, this study selected 10 indicators covering four categories: geography, proximity, distance, and policy, and used random forest model to reveal the main influencing factors of farmland abandonment in the study area. The results showed that the abandoned farmland increased from 441.58 hm2 in 2000 to 5797.40 hm2 in 2018. The hot spot and barycenter of land abandonment gradually shifted from the western mountainous areas to the eastern plain areas. Altitude and slope were the main factors affecting the farmland abandonment. The high the altitude and the great the slope, the farmland abandonment in mountainous areas were serious. The proximity factors had a greater impact on the expansion of farmland abandonment from 2000 to 2010, and then the impact weakened. In view of the above analysis, the countermeasures and suggestions for maintaining food security were finally put forward.

Roles, relationships, and motor aggressions: Keys to unveiling the emotions of a traditional sporting game.

International organizations such as the UN and UNESCO set priority goals for education in the 21st century. This article shows the educational contribution of the Traditional Sporting Game (TSG) of Bear Guardian and Hunters that involves the three-chained roles. The three roles test players who share a unique social interaction ritual. This study was part of a training experience for university students in physical activity and sports sciences in the theory and practice of motor games subject at INEFC, University of Lleida (Spain). This research investigated the emotional intensity in these three roles, the emotional meaning units, and their correspondence with the emotional triad. This study is a mixed-methods research. After playing the game involved, 131 university students (46 women and 85 men) aged 18-35 years (M = 20.19, SD = 2.42) answered the validated GES-II scale indicating the intensity and causes of five basic emotions. The data were analyzed using different strategies (qualitative data: content analysis; quantitative data: descriptive statistical analysis, inferential and association rules). The methodology employed has revealed part of this game's secret (intimate and subjective) code: the affectivity invisible to external observation. Among the findings, we highlight: (a) each role originates different intensities and units of emotional meaning; (b) the three roles feedback, need and complement each other in this socio-affective network of interdependent relationships; (c) the Bear is the central role of the game. The emotional meanings concerning the motor aggression of the Bear operate as a magnet that attracts four itineraries of association rules of meanings and emotional triads. In the hands of intelligent, prepared and sustainable teachers, this game can help students learn to live together and educate them to control and respectfully channel motor aggression. In this way, students will be active actors in the process of civilization in favor of sustainable development.

Contested Heritage: Property Rights on Urban Land in Transition in Post-Socialist Warsaw

For more than thirty years after the end of the Polish People’s Republic, both public and academic debates on property reprivatization in Warsaw has been shaped by the false assumption that the Bierut Decree and the consequent communalization of urban land in post-WWII Warsaw were informed by the hostile Soviet ideology. Based on archival evidence, we argue that the Bierut Decree was to a significant extent shaped by the Swiss urban planner Hans Bernoulli and is deeply rooted in the European land-reform movements of the early 20th century. Furthermore, taking several case studies as examples, we illustrate how the unregulated process of property reprivatization, ongoing in Warsaw since 1989, has reshaped architecture and urban space. We show that land reprivatization reintroduced the problems of urban development that the communalization of land was supposed to cure. We argue that in light of present global challenges formulated in the 2015 UN Goals for Sustainable Development and despite the ideological debate surrounding the Bierut Decree, the common land of Warsaw is a unique policy achievement and a heritage in need of protection.

Arctic Sustainable Development: Role of Business in the Quadruple Helix Model (Example of Norilsk Nickel)

The article discusses the role and significance of Norilsk Nickel as one of the actors of sustainable development in the Arctic region. The author considers Norilsk Nickel’s projects and argues for the company’s significant role in achieving UN goals (in particular, SDGs 6-8, 12-15, 17), strengthening the system of sustainable development and links between other actors. The author argues that some of the UN SDGs are achieved by the Company through the development of the ESG system, elimination of negative consequences of its activities, assumption of some responsibilities by other actors, active interaction with public and state actors, research and international structures. The methodological basis of the study was the Helix model, in particular “Quadruple helix», which is traditionally used to analyze the role of actors of innovative development. As a result of the analysis of Nornickel projects, the author proposes the development of the helix model by adding a fifth spiral and the role of «Destructor» (to the roles of «Observer» and «Creator»). In the transition to sustainable development there are cases of not only creative but also destructive roles of actors (arising spontaneously or consciously). With a responsible and conscious attitude toward sustainable development, a destructive actor’s role can stimulate constructive roles.

Responsible innovation and ethical corporate behavior in the Asian fashion industry: A systematic literature review and avenues ahead

Fashion firms have transferred their manufacturing processes to Asia, seeking minimum labor costs, supported by the academic literature’s proposals for alternative supply chain configurations to maximize profits. Fashion industry has undergone public analysis, facing demands for greater transparency about environmental and social sustainability. The growing public awareness of sustainability issues has led firms to declare their commitment to sustainable resources, but few changes have been registered. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe listed technological innovation as a key tool for making the fashion industry transparent and traceable regarding sustainability and circularity. The research and responsible innovation framework indicate appropriate ways to manage innovation from a responsible and ethical perspective, according to ethical corporate behaviour (ECB), particularly in the industries characterized by productive phases processed in more countries, such as the fashion industry. However, the linkages between responsible innovation, ECB towards innovative and sustainable business models, and their conceptualization, are still unclear in the fashion industry, achieving the goals included in the UN 2030 Agenda. This study draws on bibliometric analysis and systematic review of the literature on 114 articles published between 1990 and 2021 allows to identify the above issues in the research domains, and outline the evolutionary trajectories, as well as to explore the literary corpus about responsible innovation (RI) in the ethical corporate behaviour (ECB) of the fashion industry and its Asian suppliers. The results highlight that fashion brands strive to develop RI and ECB along their supply chain. Still, the misalignment of corporate ethics and cultural values represents a significant obstacle to the adoption of business models, especially to achieve the goals of UN 2030 Agenda. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that discusses RI as enabling driver in the ECB for fashion companies also defining a future research agenda including RI, ECB, iSBMs towards SDGs.

GIS-MCE based suitability analysis for sustainable estate development in Ede North LGA Osun State, Nigeria

Ideal areas for housing developments that are, for the most part, sustainable, present critical issues in the planning and development of eco-friendly urban settlements. With this in mind and explicitly, Ede North LGA of Osun state was chosen as the case study where a methodological framework for a land suitability analysis was adopted to identify suitable lands for real estate development with sustainability as a focus in the realization of global UN goals. This present study falls within the framework of the Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) analysis, which can be integrated into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) together with the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), useful for decision making in site selection studies. For this purpose, computed relative weights from the pairwise comparisons (AHP) of 5 sub-models, i.e., terrain, environmental, socio-economic, available land and soil factors, were inserted into the suitability analysis function of GIS and combined in a ‘Weighted Sum’ overlay operation to produce a final suitability map on a scale of 1-5 with 5 being the highest preference. Lastly, the ‘Locate Region’ Spatial Analyst tool was applied to the final suitability map to locate three (3) optimum locations to site the estate developments. Conclusively, in view of the analysis and discoveries made in this research, finding optimum locations via the GIS–MCE based land suitability model for future housing development needs may prove highly resourceful. Hence, this study can likewise give a significant direction to future land use changes and practical and cost-effective arrangements in the urban areas where conditions are similar to those in Ede North LGA.

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Economic Growth in the Region

The article studies problems of civilization development, which implies the conflict of interests of business proprietors, big multinational corporations and society urge towards sustainable development. The UN goals of sustainable development include environment protection, improving wellbeing of countries and overcoming poverty. Multinational corporations and regional enterprises stick to principles of corporate social responsibility, which partially comply with goals of sustainable development, but orient towards support of business proprietors’ wellbeing. Trends in global economy show that some multinationals by the level of their profits surpass the majority of countries. Thus, economic giants can render serious impact on state policy of the region, environmental situation and population prosperity. But companies and proprietors are interested only in allocating resources to developing countries, which prevents them from working for the goals of sustainable development. According to UN reports, confrontation and conflict between capital and society resulted in slow and complicated realization of goals of sustainable development. The author put forward a number of steps aimed at elimination of misbalance towards predominance of goals of sustainable development.

Antecedents of Green Purchase Behavior: A Study of Consumers in Northern India

Environmental degradation and depleting natural resources are the biggest concern for the whole world. Green purchase behavior will go a long way toward bringing sustainability to the environment. It will help us in adopting ‘Responsible Consumption and Production,’ which is one of the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) of UN. This study is an attempt to find the gap in awareness about environmental concerns and actual green purchase behavior. The main objective of the study is to examine the antecedents of purchase behavior and their influence on green purchase behavior. A sample of 200 consumers from the Punjab region of India is used for this study. Factor analysis, regression analysis, and correlation analysis are used to analyze the relationship between green purchase behavior and its antecedents. The results of the study confirm that green purchase behavior has a positive and significant association with green attitude and green self-concept, whereas no significant relationship is found between green purchase behavior and green perception.