Ultraviolet Aging Resistance Of Bitumen Research Articles

Evaluation of UV aging resistance of bitumen containing lignosulfonate grafted layered double hydroxides

The service life of bitumen pavement is impacted by ultraviolet (UV) light and some other conditions, which affected the physical properties and rheological behaviors of bitumen obviously. Lignosulfonate grafted layered double hydroxides modified bitumen (LS-g-LMB) was prepared, and the evaluation of UV aging resistance was investigated through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), aging indexes, temperature sensitivity, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and rheological dynamic model analyzer. The results revealed that lignosulfonate grafted layered double hydroxides (LS-g-LDHs) could alleviate bituminous oxidation reaction, variations of aging indexes and temperature susceptibility in the period of UV exposure observably. After aging, LS-g-LMB showed better low (G', G“ and tanδ) and high temperature (G*, δ and G*/sinδ) performance than pristine bitumen (PB) and layered double hydroxides modified bitumen (LMB). Meanwhile, the instantaneous elasticity, delay elasticity and viscous deformation of bitumen could be inhibited by LS-g-LDHs based on the rheological model analyses. Therefore, the introduction of LS-g-LDHs could promote the UV aging resistance of bitumen significantly according to the changes of bituminous physical properties and rheological behaviors before and after UV aging.

Preparation and performance of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane surface modified layered double hydroxides on ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen

3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane surface organic layered double hydroxides (OLDHs) was prepared and applied to improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) showed that 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane has been chemically introduced on the surface of LDHs, which resulted in the decrease of hydroxide radical and the introduction of organic groups on the surface of LDHs. Compared with LDHs, the particle agglomeration of OLDHs obviously diminished, the hydrophilia of OLDHs has been decreased obviously, which was beneficial to improve the compatibility of OLDHs in bitumen. After ultraviolet aging, bitumen became hard and brittle, aromatic obviously decreased, and asphaltene observably increased, the physical and rheological properties of bitumen seriously deteriorated. The introduction of LDHs could inhibit the impact of ultraviolet aging on the performance, chemical structure and chemical constituents of bitumen, and improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen, the improvement of LDHs was further enhanced significantly after 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane surface organic modification.

Evaluation of ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen modified with isobutyltriethoxysilane surface organic grafted LDH

Isobutyltriethoxysilane surface organic grafted layered double hydroxide (OLDH) was prepared and utilized to improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Static contact angle showed that isobutyltriethoxysilane has been grafted on the surface of LDH and the hydrophilic property of OLDH was observably weakened. The storage stability test indicated that OLDH had better compatibility and stability in bitumen compared with LDH, which was due to the decrease of hydroxyl and the introduction of organic group on the surface of LDH after isobutyltriethoxysilane organic grafting modification. Furthermore, OLDH modified bitumen showed more excellent high-temperature behavior than that of LDH modified bitumen. After ultraviolet aging, the performance of bitumen seriously deteriorated and the colloid stability notably decreased. Comparing with LDH, OLDH exhibited better in inhibiting the performance deterioration and gelefication of bitumen after ultraviolet aging, which implied that isobutyltriethoxysilane surface organic grafting modification was beneficial to strengthen the improvement of LDH on the ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen.

Investigation of ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen modified by layered double hydroxides with different particle sizes

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with different particle sizes (75 nm, 115 nm, 180 nm and 300 nm which were marked with LDHs-75, LDHs-115, LDHs-180 and LDHs-300) were characterized by scanning electron microscope, UV–vis reflection and absorption spectrophotometer and laser scatter meter. Furthermore, this paper investigated the influence of LDHs with different particle sizes on the rheological properties of bitumen before and after ultraviolet aging by temperature susceptibility test, dynamic shear rheometer test (DSR) and IR spectra test (FTIR). The researches reveal that LDHs-180 hold the strongest UV shielding performance. The temperature susceptibility of pristine bitumen and LDHs-75, LDHs-115, LDHs-180, LDHs-300 modified bitumen after aging decreased by 9.01%, 6.36%, 3.98%, 2.15% and 5.49%, respectively, which indicate LDHs-180 is more beneficial to weaken the decrease of bitumen temperature susceptibility after aging. Similarly, LDHs-180 modified bitumen show less variation in rheological properties than other bitumen samples after aging. This implies that LDHs-180 could mitigate the influences of UV aging on the rheological properties of bitumen more availably. In addition, the FTIR analysis further shows that the carbonyl and sulfoxide index of LDHs-180 modified bitumen is the smallest after aging, which indicates LDHs-180 is more helpful for improving bitumen anti-UV aging properties than that of LDHs-75, LDHs-115 and LDHs-300.

Evaluation of ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen containing different organic layered double hydroxides

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been alternatively employed to improve the ultraviolet (UV) aging resistance of bitumen due to their high UV reflectance, but LDHs particles cannot be dispersed into bitumen uniformly and stably since their poor compatibility with bitumen. Therefore, the problem of poor compatibility must be solved before its application. Generally, organic modification can change the surface characteristics of inorganic particle and then improve the compatibility. The objectives of this work are to evaluate the effect of prepared various organic LDHs on the anti-UV aging property of bitumen and then determine an optimal organic LDHs for bitumen modification. For these purposes, three organic anions, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSO), were used as organic modifiers to prepare organic LDHs (OCLDHs), then the storage stability and anti-UV aging of OCLDHs modified bitumen were investigated. Experimental results show the organic modification can suppress the separation phenomenon of OCLDHs modified bitumen during the high temperature storage, indicating the compatibility and stability of the mixture is ameliorated. Compared with LDHs modified bitumen, OCLDHs modified bitumens show lower aging degree during UV exposure, which indicates that OCLDHs exhibit better effect in enhancing the anti-UV aging performance of bitumen. FTIR analysis indicates that OCLDHs effectively retard the formations of oxygen-containing functional groups and aromatic structure of bitumen. Furthermore, SDBS is a preferable modifier for the preparation of organic LDHs due to the most effective improvement in compatibility with bitumen and UV aging resistance of bitumen as compared with SDS and SDSO.

Rheological properties of lignosulfonate intercalated layered double hydroxides modified bitumen before and after ultraviolet aging

Rheological property of bitumen is closely related to the service life of bituminous pavement, which is mainly affected by temperature, vehicle load and ultraviolet (UV) ray. In this paper, lignosulfonate intercalated layered double hydroxides modified bitumen (LLMB) were researched by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer characterization, aging index and storage stability test. Meanwhile, rheological properties of LLMB before and after UV aging were investigated by temperature susceptibility, dynamic viscoelastic properties and rheological model analyses. The results showed that the introduction of lignosulfonate intercalated layered double hydroxide (LS-LDHs) could strengthen the anti-UV aging ability of bitumen more effectively and had better high temperature storage stability than layered double hydroxides (LDHs). From rheological performance measurement, LS-LDHs could weaken the temperature susceptibility of bitumen observably. Compared with pristine bitumen (PB), the values including loss tangent (tanδ), complex modulus (G∗) and rutting factor (G∗/sinδ) of LLMB got higher. According to rheological model analyses, the addition of LS-LDHs affected the models of bitumen hardly, but restrained instantaneous elastic, delayed elastic and viscous deformation. Therefore, LS-LDHs could enhance rigidity, high temperature performance and resistance to deformation of bitumen significantly. After UV aging, the rheological parameters variations and deformation arguments amplitudes of LLMB were lowest among PB, layered double hydroxides modified bitumen (LMB) and LLMB, which demonstrated that LS-LDHs improved the UV aging resistance of bitumen prominently.

Influence of UV aging on the rheological properties of bitumen modified with surface organic layered double hydroxides

Triethoxyvinylsilane surface organic modified layered double hydroxides (TEVS-LDHs) were prepared and applied to improve the ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen. The effect of TEVS-LDHs and LDHs on the temperature susceptibility and rheological properties of bitumen before and after UV aging were thoroughly investigated. The storage stability test showed that the difference in the softening point (ΔS) of LDHs modified bitumen (the LDHs content at 2%) decreased from 1°C to 0.4°C after TEVS surface organic modification, and the descending trend was more obvious with the content of LDHs increase, which implied that TEVS-LDHs dispersed better and existed more stably in bitumen than LDHs. The introduction of TEVS-LDHs significantly alleviated the temperature susceptibility of bitumen and increased the rutting factor (G∗/sinδ) of bitumen, indicating that TEVS surface organic modification were favorable to the improvement of high-temperature performance for LDHs modified bitumen. After UV aging, bitumen became more hard and brittle, compared with LDHs, the addition of TEVS-LDHs alleviated obviously the deterioration tendency of bitumen, which suggested that LDHs surface organic modified by TEVS were far superior to unmodified LDHs in enhancing the UV aging resistance of bitumen.

Long-term Aging Properties of Bitumen With Expanded Vermiculite and Different Inorganic Nanoparticles

The authors evaluate a novel bitumen modification by using the expanded vermiculite (EVMt) and three inorganic nanoparticles. The effect of EVMt and inorganic nanoparticles on physical and long-term aging properties of bitumen was investigated. The results show that the physical properties of bitumen are slightly influenced by with the introduction of nanomaterials. As a result of pressurized aging vessel, ultraviolet (UV) radiation aging, the viscosity aging index of bitumen is decreased obviously by adding the nanomaterials. It indicates that nanomaterials can improve the thermal and UV aging resistance of bitumen simultaneously. Furthermore, this improvement depends on the inorganic nanoparticle types. Compared with nano-silica and nano-titanium dioxide modified bitumens, bitumen with 1% EVMt and 3% nano-zinc oxide shows the lower viscosity aging index values, indicating its good long-term aging resistance.

Influence of surface modification on physical and ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen containing inorganic nanoparticles

Three inorganic nanoparticles (nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO) were adopted to improve the ultraviolet (UV) aging properties of bitumen. Inorganic nanoparticles were surface modified by silane coupling agent. The compatibility between inorganic nanoparticles and bitumen was studied by high temperature storage stability test. More attention had been paid to the effect of surface modification on physical and UV aging properties of inorganic nanoparticles modified bitumens. The results showed that the compatibility between inorganic nanoparticles and bitumen was improved obviously by surface modification. Under the same content, the difference between the softening points as well as the nanoparticles contents in the upper and lower sections of the toothpaste tubes was decreased remarkably after surface modification. The penetration and ductility were decreased, while the softening point and viscosity of bitumen were increased with the addition of inorganic nanoparticles. However, this influence was weakened after surface modification of inorganic nanoparticles and the weakening effect of surface modified nano-ZnO was the most obvious. As a result of UV aging, softening point increment and viscosity aging index of bitumen were decreased by inorganic nanoparticles. The UV aging resistance of modified bitumen was further enhanced by surface modification of inorganic nanoparticles, and nano-ZnO modified bitumen showed the best UV aging resistance after surface modification.

Effect of nano-ZnO with modified surface on properties of bitumen

The effects of surface-modified inorganic nanoparticle nano-ZnO on the physical and ultraviolet aging resistance of bitumen were investigated as well as the microstructures of the binders. The compatibility between inorganic nanoparticle nano-ZnO and bitumen was studied by high temperature stability test. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that surface-modified coupling agent has been introduced to the surface of nano-ZnO through chemical bond. The mass change rate and viscosity aging index of the bitumen are decreased by nano-ZnO after thin film oven test and pressure aging vessel aging. Surface-modified nano-ZnO more pronounced improvements in aging resistance of bitumen.

Investigation of the ultraviolet aging resistance of organic layered double hydroxides modified bitumen

Organic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) intercalated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSO) were synthesized by anion-exchange method and used to ameliorate the compatibility between LDHs and bitumen, the ultraviolet (UV) aging resistance of organic LDHs modified bitumens were investigated by physical and rheological properties. The results show that the organic intercalation improves the compatibility between LDHs and bitumen due to the conversion of LDHs from hydrophilic to organophilic. Compared with LDHs modified bitumen, organic LDHs modified bitumens exhibit enhanced cracking resistance and high temperature rutting resistance. After UV accelerating aging, the changes of physical and rheological properties of organic LDHs modified bitumens are smaller than that of LDHs modified bitumen, indicating that organic LDHs are superior to LDHs in enhancing UV aging resistance of bitumen.

Effect of Different Inorganic Nanoparticles on Physical and Ultraviolet Aging Properties of Bitumen

The research reported in this paper evaluates a novel bitumen modification through the use of different inorganic nanoparticles, such as nanozinc oxide, nanosilica, and nanotitanium dioxide. In order to improve the dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles in bitumen, inorganic nanoparticles were surface-modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The effect of surface modified inorganic nanoparticles on physical and ultraviolet (UV) aging properties of bitumen was investigated. The UV aging mechanism of the inorganic-nanoparticle-modified bitumen was characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is successfully bound on the surface of the three inorganic nanoparticles in the form of a covalent bond according to the FTIR result. Surface-modified inorganic nanoparticles show good compatibility with bitumen on the basis of high-temperature storage stability. Compared with nanosilica and nanotitanium dioxide, nanozinc oxide shows better dispersion in bitumen. The physical properties of bitumen are slightly influenced by the addition of inorganic nanoparticles. In addition, the changes of physical properties of bitumen depend on the nature of inorganic nanoparticles. The UV aging of bitumen is a process that causes bitumen to harden as indicated by FTIR, penetration, viscosity, and softening point values. However, the viscosity aging index and softening point increment of bitumen can be effectively reduced with the introduction of inorganic nanoparticles, indicating good UV aging resistance of inorganic-nanoparticle-modified bitumen. Three inorganic nanoparticles show different influence on the UV aging resistance of bitumen. Compared with nanosilica and nanotitanium dioxide, nanozinc oxide shows the better improvement in UV aging resistance of bitumen by displaying lower viscosity aging index and softening point increment values as well as the carbonyl index.

The Effect of Different Nanomaterials on the Long-term Aging Properties of Bitumen

Effect of expanded vermiculite (EVMt) and nano-zinc oxide on thermal-oxidative (pressurized aging vessel, in situ thermal aging) and ultraviolet (UV) aging was investigated. The results show that organic expanded vermiculite (OEVMt) modified bitumen forms an exfoliated nanostructure. The morphology of bitumen is significantly influenced by two nanomaterials according to atomic force microscopy. The influence of different nanomaterials on long-term aging resistance of bitumen depends on their structures and shielding function to UV radiation. Thermo-oxidative aging resistance of bitumen can be effectively improved with the introduction of OEVMt, while nano-zinc oxide has obvious improvements in UV aging resistance of bitumen.

The Effect of Surface-modified Nano-titania on the Ultraviolet Aging Properties of Bitumen

The effect of surface modification of nano-titania on ultraviolet (UV) aging properties of bitumen was investigated. The results show that γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane is bound on the surface of nano-titania according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The dispersion stability of nano-titania in bitumen is improved by surface modification of nano-titania. Viscosity aging index values and carbonyl indexes of the bitumen are decreased by adding nano-titania. After surface modification, the UV aging resistance of nano-titania modified bitumen can be further improved. The result suggests that nano-titania can be effectively used as a modifier to improve the UV aging resistance of bitumen.

Effect of nano-zinc oxide on ultraviolet aging properties of bitumen with 60/80 penetration grade

This work evaluates a novel bitumen modification through the use of nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO). In order to improve the compatibility between nano-ZnO and bitumen with 60/80 penetration grade, nano-ZnO was surface modified by γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (KH-560). The modified nano-ZnO was marked as KH-560-nano-ZnO. Ultraviolet (UV) aging mechanism of the binders was revealed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effect of surface modification of nano-ZnO on physical and UV aging properties of bitumen was also investigated. The results show that KH-560 is grafted on the surface of nano-ZnO in the form of chemical bond according to FTIR analysis. The compatibility between bitumen and nano-ZnO is improved by surface modification of nano-ZnO. As a result of UV aging, viscosity aging index of bitumen is decreased with the addition of nano-ZnO and KH-560-nano-ZnO. The carbonyl indices of nano-ZnO and KH-560-nano-ZnO modified bitumens are decreased more remarkably in comparison with that of unmodified bitumen after UV aging. The single phase trend of bitumen is prevented by KH-560-nano-ZnO during UV aging according to AFM analysis, indicating the good UV aging resistance of KH-560-nano-ZnO modified bitumen. Such a result suggests that nano-ZnO can be effectively used as a modifier to improve the UV aging resistance of bitumen.

Effect of ultraviolet aging on rheology, chemistry and morphology of ultraviolet absorber modified bitumen

Seeking a new method to solve the ultraviolet (UV) aging of bitumen is of great importance for road applications since the UV aging is considered to be one of the main causes leading to the performance deterioration of bitumen. In this paper, two UV absorbers (octabenzone and bumetrizole) were applied to modify the bitumen by melt blending. Effect of UV aging on rheology, chemistry and morphology of the UV absorber modified bitumens was investigated, by means of dynamic shear rheometer, thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, to reveal the mechanisms of action for bitumen and UV absorbers. Results show that the two UV absorbers show opposite influences on the UV aging performance of bitumen depending on the type of UV absorbers. The bumetrizole improves the UV aging resistance of bitumen remarkably since the bumetrizole can inhibit reactions of aromatization and oxidation of bitumen molecules to a certain extent during the UV aging, and thus slows down the rate at which the bitumen transforms from sol to gel. The bumetrizole modified bitumen has the potential to be used in pavement for improvement of the UV aging resistance during service life.