Ultra-stable System Research Articles

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE – CONTRADICTIONS AND CONFLICTS

The problems of sustainable architecture are considered through the prism of creating architectural buildings and urban environments that provide environmental, economic and socio-cultural sustainability. In order to understand the complexity and nature of the permanence of architecture, it should be considered as a fragment of the overall open dynamic system of the city. At the same time, all components of such a system are interconnected by the general dynamics of functioning and often develop in conditions of internal systemic contradictions. The intra-system contradictions of the city as an open dynamic system should be understood as a situation where the attempts of any element of the system to achieve the conditions of optimal functioning are limited or suppressed by other elements of the system. Architecture, as an artificial environment in which these systemic contradictions arise, is forced to respond flexibly to them. The purpose of this work is to identify the systemic contradictions that arise in the process of functioning of the architectural component of the city as an open dynamic system, and to generalize these contradictions. 
 In the development of any system, stability and instability, adaptation and maladaptation are equally necessary. An absolutely unstable system is devoid of the ability to adapt and quickly collapses, while an ultra-stable system, suppressing any fluctuations, retains its structure and behavior, is not able to change qualitatively, that is, it is deprived of the possibility of development, and its destruction becomes only a matter of time. Both types of systems descend into chaos, the difference between them being the time it takes for entropy to explode. 
 The change in the evolutionary and revolutionary stages of the development of systems, their stability and instability forms dynamic cycles in time. Each system has not only cyclical processes due to its nature, but also cycles dictated by the environment. Moreover, the "external" cycles are more stable and stable, while the cycles of internal origin can change under their influence as a result of synchronization - the properties of systems of a diverse nature to produce a single rhythm of coexistence, despite the sometimes extremely weak interconnection.

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL INTERDEPENDENCES OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANISMS IN EXTREME CONDITIONS

Investigations of the adaptation of living organisms/human body to various extreme factors are extremely important. Aim. To characterize and analyze the results of research of structural and functional interdependencies of organisms in extreme conditions. Methods. Comparative analysis of the registered biochemical, physiological characteristics of the body, mathematical modelling of underlying mechanisms on their basis, information and computer technologies. Results. Deviations of organisms’ functions during adaptation processes caused changes in some structures of organism. Significant role of quantitative and qualitative changes of the erythrocyte formation system in the reliability of organisms functioning in extreme conditions in highlands was confirmed. The changes in red and white blood cells reflected largely the relationships between the organisms’ reactivity and resistance. The dependences on degree of rarefaction of the air, mode of climbing, effects of athlete’s training, etc. were revealed. Adaptive hemolysis of erythrocytes, when the biologically active substances were released from blood cells and acted as messengers, were shown to be the triggers capable to change cell metabolism; they played significant roles in reliability of organisms functioning. The set of program models was developed. Results were applied successfully for training of athletes for high-altitude climbing. Conclusions. Results of the studies on the structural and functional interdependencies of organisms in extreme conditions were reviewed and analyzed. Results of mathematical modeling coincided with the results obtained in experiments and observations. In the process of adaptation to hypoxia human organism behaved likes an ultrastable system. Obtained results can be applied in practice.

用于Hg原子光晶格钟的低漂移率超稳腔系统

用于Hg原子光晶格钟的低漂移率超稳腔系统

The fabrication and characterization of stable core-shell superparamagnetic nanocomposites for potential application in drug delivery

Two systems of core-shell superparamagnetic nanoparticles in the size range of 45–80 nm have been fabricated by the coating of bare magnetite particles with either mesoporous silica or liposomes and the loading/release of the anti-cancer drug Mitomycin C (MMC) from their surfaces has been investigated. The magnetic cores of size ∼10 nm were produced by a co-precipitation method in aqueous solution, with the silica coating containing an unstructured network of pores of size around 6 nm carried out using a surfactant-templating approach and the liposome coating achieved by an evaporation-immersion technique of the particles in a lipid solution. Stability measurements using a scanning column magnetometry technique indicated that the lipid-coating of the particles halts the sedimentation otherwise apparent in <1 h for the bare magnetite to produce an ultra-stable system and thereby overcome one of the main barriers to potential in-vivo applications. Whilst an increase in stability was also observed in the silica-coated system, it was still unstable over a few hours and will require further investigation. Magnetization curves of the coated systems were indicative of superparamagnetic behavior whilst the in vitro loading and release of MMC resulted in two distinctly different outcomes for the two systems: (i) the silica-coated particles saturated in <4 h to a loading of around 7 μg/mg of material, releasing about 6% at a near constant rate over 48 h whilst (ii) the lipid-coated particles saturated to around only 4 μg/mg over the same time period but with a subsequent rapid release rate over the first 3 h to 27% then rising near-linearly to a value of about 45% at the 48 h mark. This gives scope for systems' to be tuned to the appropriate rate and load delivery as required by clinical need with further investigations underway.

ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС ОЦЕНКИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ОРГАНИЗМА ЧЕЛОВЕКА, ОСНОВАННОЙ НА ТЕОРИИ УЛЬТРАСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ ЖИВЫХ СИСТЕМ

For the first time in a hardware-software complex alongside with the traditional approaches the method based on a concept about human organism behaving like an ultrastable system is applied for an estimation of a functional state of an organism.

Ultrastable heterodyne interferometer system using a CMOS modulated light camera

A novel ultrastable widefield interferometer is presented. This uses a modulated light camera (MLC) to capture and stabilise the interferogram in the widefield heterodyne interferometer. This system eliminates the contribution of piston phase to the interferogram without the need for common path optics and results in a highly stable widefield interferometer. The MLC uses quadrature demodulation circuitry built into each pixel to demodulate the light signal and extract phase information using an electronic reference signal. In contrast to the work previously presented [Opt. Express 19, 24546 (2011)], the reference signal is derived from one of the pixels on board the MLC rather than an external source. This local reference signal tracks the instantaneous modulation frequency detected by the other pixels and eliminates the contribution of piston phase to the interferogram, substantially removing the contributions of unwanted vibrations and microphonics to the interferogram. Interferograms taken using the ultrastable system are presented with one of the interferometer mirrors moving at up to 85 mm s(-1) over a variety of frequencies from 18 Hz to 20 kHz (giving a variation in optical path length of 220 μm, or 350 wavelengths at 62 Hz). This limit was the result of complex motion in the mirror mount rather than the stability limit of the system. The system is shown to be insensitive to pure piston phase variations equivalent to an object velocity of over 3 m s(-1).

Distributed amplified ultra-stable signal quartz oscillator based

The aim of this communication is to present the performances of 5MHz distributed ultra-stable system, based on ultra-stable Boitiers à Vieillissement Amélioré (BVA) oscillator. We demonstrated flicker frequency modulation (FFM) floor better than 4.5×10−14±2.5×10−15 at 12s with an intrinsic noise floor about 6×10−15 at 1s with a τ−1/2 time integration dependence slope.

Autopsies on autopoiesis

This article concerns the scientific value of the theory of autopoietic systems as developed by Maturana and Varela. In a first step, the explanatory power of the theory is investigated. It is argued that, due to the tautological nature of its core concept and the absence of the specification of the organization of the autopoietic system, the empirical counterparts of the theory's constructs cannot be determined. This renders the theory inadequate for descriptive and explanatory purposes. Proponents of autopoietic system theory do not agree with this kind of reasoning and its conclusion, since autopoietic systems, in their view, cannot be observed precisely because of its autopoietic nature. In a subsequent step, therefore, the epistemology advocated by Maturana and Varela on which this counter argument rests is discussed. It is shown that the interpretation of the ultrastable system, which underlies this epistemology, is not correct. Consequently, it is concluded that autopoietic system theory as developed by Maturana and Varela is unscientific.

Is the Universe an actual subsystem of the infinite whole of reality?

On the basis of the law of conservation of energy, the variations of radiation energy as a result of the variations of the dimensions of the Universe and of the increase in total energy of the hypothetical false vacuum, the author introduces an assumption that the Universe is an actual subsystem of the infinite whole of reality. Analyzing the consequences of introducing this assumption into the standard model of the Universe, he comes to the conclusion that the Universe, with respect to its evolution, represents an ultrastable system consisting of a dynamic system of the ‘de Sitter’ evolution phase with the Planck values and of a dynamic system of Friedmann's phase of evolution into which the dynamics of its partial subsystems is incorporated.

Collective violence in China, 1880?1980

Collective violence in China, 1880?1980

Ultra-stable system for rf sputtering with rf-induced substrate bias

Ultra-stable system for rf sputtering with rf-induced substrate bias

Ultrastable system for rf sputtering with rf‐induced substrate bias

Radio‐frequency sputtering with rf‐induced substrate bias has been shown to be extremely valuable in tailoring the properties of many thin films. The use of this process has been inhibited by the lack of availability of simple equipment to implement it. We have designed a system which (1) is very rugged and reliable; (2) has no sensitive or critical tuning controls; (3) is insensitive to phase relationships; (4) is insensitive to fluctuations in gas discharge impedance; (5) is extremely stable, reproducible, and repeatable for long periods of time under a variety of sputtering conditions; and (6) can be operated, literally, in ’’push‐button’’ fashion.

Minimal requirements for a biobehavioral paradigm.

Following Landau's suggestion as to due process of inquiry, this paper attempts to integrate several domains of inquiry generally considered separate on the basis of Ross Ashby's model of the ultrastable system. Following the elucidation of the model, various researches in evolutionary biology, neurophysiology, psychological learning theory, and dyadic and small group transactions in psychotherapy are examined. It is suggested that they may all be considered in terms of Ashby's model, and that the model, being hierarchical in structure, may be extended in both directions to problems both macroscopic and microscopic to those discussed, so as to constitute the beginnings of a general systemic paradigm.

Information Processing Behavior of a Natural Plankton Community

Research Article| November 01 1963 Information Processing Behavior of a Natural Plankton Community Bernard C. Patten Bernard C. Patten Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1963) 25 (7): 489–501. https://doi.org/10.2307/4440440 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bernard C. Patten; Information Processing Behavior of a Natural Plankton Community. The American Biology Teacher 1 November 1963; 25 (7): 489–501. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4440440 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Experimental design: a cloak for intellectual sterility.

Lewin's (1931) warning against applying in psychology the Aristotelian notion that frequency of occurrence is equivalent to lawfulness fell on deaf ears. To‐day Aristotelian modes of thought are as prevalent as ever, and are backed up by an elaborate structure of statistical methods and rules for experimental design. By reason of their logical tidiness these methods have the unfortunate effect of reducing (to a level below the threshold for effective action) the discontent that should be engendered by the rotten state of current psychological theory. What psychology needs is not statistical laws but scientific laws, that is, statements, expressed in general terms, that can generate specific predictions when specific values are assigned to the general terms. Such laws are unlikely to be found by statistical investigations, since they are concerned not with populations of systems but with single systems. Thus the law of gravitation is not a catalogue of the properties of solar systems, but it explains how any given solar system hangs together. It is argued that since mind occurs in an organic system its laws are likely to be laws of an ultrastable system (Ashby, 1952), and therefore not discoverable by statistical methods. Two kinds of investigation are required. The first is exemplified by Piaget's studies of the development of mind in individual children, and the second by Kohler's work with distorting spectacles. The first shows how the organism, considered as a multistable system, adapts itself by stages to its environment. The second involves a deliberate disorganization of both behaviour and perception, and enables us to observe simultaneously the processes of behavioural re‐adaptation and the correction of perceptual distortions. It is claimed that the results are compatible with the author's theory of the behavioural basis of perception.