Accurate axillary staging is critical for selecting appropriate treatment strategies in breast cancer. Ultrasound (US) and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US + FNAC) are widely used to evaluate axillary lymph nodes. The study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of US and US + FNAC and examined whether axillary dissection (AD) is necessary in patients with positive US + FNAC findings. We analyzed 646 axillae from 642 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at Hiraka General Hospital between 2013 and 2024. All patients underwent axillary US, and US + FNAC was performed on morphologically suspicious nodes. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of US and US + FNAC were determined using postoperative pathology as the reference standard. The number of nodal metastases was compared between patients undergoing primary surgery and those receiving primary systemic therapy (PST). In the primary surgery group (n = 516), US sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 30.9% (38/123), 94.1% (370/393), 62.3% (38/61), and 81.3% (370/455), respectively. Corresponding values for US + FNAC were 80.6% (29/36), 100% (22/22), 100% (29/29), and 75.9% (22/29). US + FNAC showed significantly higher sensitivity and PPV than US alone. Among US + FNAC-positive cases, 55.2% (16/29) had ≥ 3 metastatic nodes, compared with 6.9% (2/29) of negative cases. In the PST group (n = 130), US sensitivity was ≤ 88.1% (37/42), and US + FNAC sensitivity was ≤ 92.6% (25/27). Of the 46 US + FNAC-positive patients, 45.7% (21/46) became node-negative after PST, whereas 26.1% (12/46) had ≥ 3 positive nodes. US + FNAC improves diagnostic accuracy for axillary staging; however, standard AD may constitute overtreatment in some FNAC-positive patients. Selective de-escalation of axillary surgery should therefore be considered.

Hepatocellular carcinoma ultrasound surveillance in the United Kingdom (UK): a national ultrasound workforce survey.

Biomarkers for Preoperative Bone Quality Assessment: A Prospective Investigation of Dermal Ultrasound and Advanced Glycation End-products in Lumbar Fusion Patients.

Weakly-supervised ultrasound image segmentation with elliptical shape prior constraint.

Deep Learning Approaches for Thrombosis Detection and Risk Assessment Via Ultrasound Imaging: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Acute non-traumatic abdominal pain is a frequent emergency presentation, associated with a wide range of possible differential diagnoses. While Ultrasonography (USG) is widely available and radiation-free, its diagnostic accuracy is limited by the patient’s habitus and bowel gas. Multi-slice Computed Tomography (MSCT) offers a comprehensive evaluation but comes with a higher cost and increased radiation exposure. Aim: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of MSCT in adult patients with acute non-traumatic abdominal pain negative or inconclusive for USG. Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India over a period of one year from June 2024 to July 2025. In this study, 81 adult patients who were referred for CT after an inconclusive/negative USG report underwent contrast-enhanced MSCT using a 128-slice scanner. CT findings were compared with surgical and histopathological outcomes when available, and with clinical follow up in conservatively managed cases. The sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV), as well as the diagnostic accuracy of MSCT in cases of non-traumatic acute abdominal pain were calculated. Results: The mean age was 41.3±15.8 years, out of which 47 (58%) patients were male. MSCT diagnosed 16 (25.9%) cases of pancreatitis, 7 (16%) cases of appendicitis, and 5 (13.6%) cases of ureteric calculi among the most common pathologies. Among the 47 patients who got operated, CT findings were concordant with intraoperative results in 37 (90.2%) patients and with histopathology in all 41 patients (100%). MSCT provided new or alternative diagnosis in 66 out of 81 (81%) cases, significantly altering the management plans. Conclusion: The prompt use of MSCT in cases of an acute abdomen with equivocal USG findings significantly improves diagnostic accuracy and ensures appropriate management, outweighing its higher cost and radiation risks.

Quantitative proteomics analysis to identify potential biomarkers associated with promoted quality profiles of frankfurters by ultrasound treatment combined with κ-carrageenan.

Linear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) plays a central role in the diagnosis and mediastinal staging of lung cancer. Recent advancements, including the 9th edition of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) TNM staging system and updated guidelines for neoadjuvant therapy, have significantly influenced its clinical utility. This review highlights these key developments and examines the expanding role of EBUS-guided tissue acquisition techniques and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). The IASLC 9th edition offers a more nuanced nodal classification, reinforcing the importance of accurate EBUS-guided lymph node assessment. As neoadjuvant therapies become more common, precise pretreatment staging is critical for treatment planning. Emerging biopsy techniques, such as EBUS-guided intranodal forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy, yield larger tissue samples, improving diagnostic accuracy in complex cases, including lymphoma and benign diseases. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence into ROSE enhances the real-time diagnostic performance and mitigates the limitations of traditional cytopathology. EBUS has evolved from diagnostic modality to a cornerstone of personalized lung cancer management. A clear understanding of updated staging systems, therapeutic guidelines, and biopsy strategies is essential. Future research should aim to establish evidence-based diagnostic algorithms incorporating these innovations to optimize patient care.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous core biopsy of thoracic lesions: Diagnostic yield and site-specific safety.

Breaking barriers in immunotherapy: harnessing ultrasound for enhanced drug delivery and immune activation.

Informed consent (IC) ensures patient understanding on proposed medical procedures, including endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS). Artificial intelligence (AI) presents as a potential tool to improve this process. This study explores the potential of AI to improve traditional IC documents and if AI-generated video consents are a feasible alternative. An AI-generated IC (AI-IC) was created using a generative AI model. In phase I, participants evaluated both AI-IC and traditional IC (H-IC) unidentified texts through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and selected their preferred. In phase II, patients answered a questionnaire evaluating the AI-generated IC in text (AI-IC) or video (AIV-IC) format. In phase I, (n=75, 44% health care professionals), AI-IC received higher scores for language clarity (P=0.013), benefits explanation (P<0.001), and addressing complications (P<0.001), but had lower scores for detailing the procedure (P<0.001). Most participants (86.7%) preferred the AI-IC for mentioning alternative procedures. In phase II, patients expressed high satisfaction with both the AI-IC (n=8) and AIV-IC (n=12). AIV-IC was globally accepted for replacing verbal IC. AI-generated materials improve accessibility in the IC for EBUS. While human supervision remains essential, future studies could strengthen the integration of AI-assisted and video-based consent tools in clinical practice.

Fixing silicotungstic acid onto activated bentonite assisted by ultrasonic waves and its application as a solid acid catalyst for levulinic acid esterification into butyl levulinate

Ultrasonic imaging of spherical solids embedded in ice.

Non-contact measurement method of hot spot temperature in transformer based on ultrasonic waves

Mirizzi syndrome is a rare but serious complication of gallstone disease resulting from common hepatic duct obstruction due to either extrinsic compression or inflammatory changes. The Csendes classification is described, which provides a method for assessing the severity of the syndrome and determining whether to undertake surgical intervention. It will also outline possible diagnostic types {(Ultrasonography (USG), Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)} to increase detection rates. Treatment varies by spectrum; in mild presentations, a simple cholecystectomy is sufficient, whereas more significant presentations require biliary reconstruction. This review restates recent advances in minimally invasive and endoscopic techniques that improve patient outcomes in this syndrome. For this reason, healthcare workers need to be aware of Mirizzi syndrome so they can address each case uniquely, prevent various risks during surgery, and ultimately enhance the well-being of patients. This narrative review highlights the medical issues, underlying causes, and factors that increase the risk of the syndrome, noting that diagnosis is challenging because its symptoms are often unclear and similar to those of other biliary disorders. Therefore, the current review is necessary to consolidate current evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnostic challenges, and evolving management strategies of Mirizzi syndrome, thereby guiding clinical decision-making.

Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Long Fingers: Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Imaging Techniques.

The primary goal of breast conservation surgery (BCS) is to achieve tumour-free margins. However, it is known that in 20% patients, a tumour-free margin may not be obtained. Positive margins frequently lead to re-operation and are the strongest predictors of local recurrence. We therefore evaluated the performance of ultrasound (US) and frozen section (FS) in predicting the margin status of lumpectomy specimens of ultrasound-detectable breast carcinoma patients undergoing BCS. In our prospective study on 54 patients who underwent lumpectomy, the margins were analyzed by ultrasound and frozen section. Patient-wise and margin-wise diagnostic parameters were calculated for both modalities.

Ultrasonic evaluation of porosity under microstructures-induced coupling effects in LPBF-fabricated alloys.

A review of industrial full-matrix imaging methods through ultrasonic bulk waves

Wavelet scattering transformation for sub-surface damage detection and localization in PZT sensor.