Tyre Retreading Research Articles

An application of quality tools to improve the tyre remanufacturing process

The tyre remanufacturing industries are facing quality and performance issues of the remanufactured tyres as they have developed their own tyre retreading methods due to the lack of standardized retreading process guidelines. This study focuses on identifying the challenges of the tyre remanufacturing process, highlighting various defects in retread tyres and their causes so that the challenges could be mitigated and the quality and performance of the tyres could be improved. To achieve the objectives of the study, the quality tools including fishbone diagram and Pareto chart has been used. For the above analysis, the data has been collected through multiple field visits and semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study indicate that organizations can improve the utilization of worn-out tyres by identifying tyre retreading defects and their causes and by implementing corrective actions at different stages in the tyre remanufacturing. According to cause-and-effect analysis, the defects found are failure of tread due to lack of standard tread joint method, side bulge generation due to sidewall degrading, and failure of the buffer layer due to tread and sidewall crack. Besides, a few recommendations are made for tyre remanufacturing to increase productivity and minimize the defects generation in retreaded tyres.

Tyre remanufacturing: A brief review

This paper presents a review of literature on various aspects of tyre remanufacturing, such as tyre retreading processes, sustainability and circularity, reverse logistics, and end-of-life management. The findings of various studies have been summarised in this paper to evaluate the current strategies that are being followed by organizations, understand the process challenges, and gain insights into the implementation of sustainability and circularity strategies. This paper discusses the important aspects of the tyre remanufacturing process, with the goal of encouraging the implementation of sustainability and circular economy principles in practice. This paper will assist researchers and practitioners in gaining critical insights into current trends and future research directions.

Increasing the Brand Awareness of PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa’s Customers Through A Company Profile Video

PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa is located at Jl. Pattimura 104b, Kediri. As a tyre retreading company, the main product of PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa are both hot and cold retreading systems. Meanwhile, the company also offers a complete tyre sizing for each category of a vehicle from sedan, minibus, bus, truck, forklift, and also OTR (Off the Road). The company’s main problem is the intense competition between the competitors in the global retread tyre market, which causes PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa should increase brand awareness to the customers. Therefore, it is better to make a company profile video as a solution to overcome the company’s problem. To gain awareness from the potential customer, the company profile video will be distributed by using social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube. By having a company profile video, PT. Banmadju Mandiriperkasa can increase the brand awareness to the potential customers from all over Indonesia. Keywords: retreading company, tyre, awareness, company profile video, potential customers.

A fuzzy goal programme–based sustainable Greenfield supply network design for tyre retreading industry

The rising global concerns and the tightening of the government legislations, the supply networks are compelled to consider the three dimensions—economic, environmental and social in their operations. This study proposed a sustainable Greenfield tyre retreading supply network design model under uncertainty and group decision-making environment to incorporate economics dimension-maximum profit, coverage and capacity flexibility, carbon cost as environmental dimension and social benefit indicator as social dimension. To solve the proposed fuzzy multi-objective mixed integer programme model, a methodology is designed using Jimeniz’s uncertainty approach, Chang’s fuzzy AHP approach to determine weights, Mirakhorli’s membership function formulation approach, Liou and Wang’s desirable achievement degree computation of each goal approach and Chen and Tsai’s Fuzzy goal programming. Numerical experiments imparts important policy intelligence for industry specialists and the government: (1) formulated human-regional forwardness index to decide regional carbon tax for economic growth of backward areas, (2) formulated social benefit weight of a region and social benefit indicator of facilities in various regions for social dimension assessment, (3) analysed the possible influence of carbon tax rate with various carbon emission policies on sustainable strategic tyre retreading supply network planning, (4) suggested appropriate carbon emission policies for tyre retreading supply network and government, (5) suggested the admissible national carbon tax rate in a country on tyre retreading supply network and (6) decided an appropriate regional tax rate in a country for carbon emission using human-regional forwardness index to promote economic growth of backward areas.

Pulmonary function of automobile repair workers in the informal sector of Raichur urban

Background: Automobile repair workers of the informal sector are exposed to dusts, toxic fumes and aerosols. Long term occupational exposure may lead to pulmonary function impairment. Hence, the objectives were to study the occurrence of obstructive and restrictive pulmonary impairment among the automobile repair workers by using pulmonary function test and the factors associated with it.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in automobile repair workers who work in informal sector in the urban area of Raichur in Karnataka. The pulmonary function tests viz. Forced Expiratory volume in one second, Forced vital capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate per liter and FEV1/FVC ratio in percentage were measured for each worker in sitting posture using a digital spirometer. Data collected were analyzed in SPSS 16.0 software. Chi-square test and t test was used.Results: Out of the 97 automobile repair workers, 42 (43.3%) had normal pulmonary function. Among the abnormal PFT, 20 (20.6%) had obstructive lung function, 25 (25.8%) had restrictive lung function and 10 (10.3%) had mixed obstructive and restrictive lung function. The workers with abnormal PFT consisted of body repair workers (25.0%), mechanical workers (38.1%), spray painters (75.0%), battery repair workers (100.0%) and tyre retreading workers (88.9%).Conclusions: In this study, 56.7% of workers had some form of pulmonary function impairment. Smoking, increase in duration of work hours and years of work showed significant pulmonary impairment. The study highlights the need for creating awareness and encouraging the use of protective gears such as masks, early screening, diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases among the garage workers.

Tyre Retreading by Hot Retreading Process

Tyre is made up of natural rubber or synthetic rubber.natural rubber is present as milky liquid or latex in the bark of rubber tree, HEVEA BRASILIENSIS. Natural rubber combines with carbon, oil, sulphur and the chemicals at a temperature of 100-140°C and under goes a number of stages of processes. Synthetic rubber is any vulcanisable man made rubber like polymer. By retreading tyre we are doing a good job which is in favour of Natural resources. Tyre Retreading is a new technology, where the old tyres are made serviceable by removing worn out and damaged treads and replacing it with new treads. New treads are available in the market in form of rolls and in brief, in can be put on old tyre and cured with the help of steam. Similar to the new tyres, the treaded tyres can be very well used on all vehicles, irrespective of light or heavy vehicles. With a safe and new technology, which is being adopted now-a-days, it will be more easy and economical to produce tyres. As day by day, more and more vehicles are running on roads, hence more tyres are required for replacement. With further growth of economy, there will be an increase in transport as well as passenger vehicles and hence more tyres will be required. Hence, there is a very wide scope for retread tyres as an original replacement.

Simulation of tyre retreading process - an Indian case study

Tyre retreading is a process where used tyres are subjected to a sequence of value additive operations and are converted to reusable ones. Several benefits are associated with this process, like savings in cost, energy and reduction in environmental pollution. Collection of used tyres from the customers is characterised by the uncertainty in quantity, quality of used tyres, and timing of collection. The collected used tyres are subjected to two sets of operations, separated by a stage of inspection and subsequent rejection of tyres if found non-retreadable. First set of operations remains unchanged irrespective of the condition of used tyres, whereas the work content of the second set varies with the condition of tyres. Some activities in retreading process are essentially manual in nature and the durations of manual activities are probabilistic, leading to formation of queue and delaying the subsequent stages. The aim of this paper is to analyse the whole system of retreading process, keeping in view the stochasticity in collection and processing, applying system simulation so as to help the decision maker plan for judicious manpower deployment, particularly for labour intensive operations.

A streamlined life-cycle assessment and decision tool for used tyres recycling

In order to achieve progress towards sustainable resource management, it is essential to evaluate options for the reuse and recycling of secondary raw materials, in order to provide a robust evidence base for decision makers. This paper presents the research undertaken in the development of a web-based decision-support tool (the used tyres resource efficiency tool) to compare three processing routes for used tyres compared to their existing primary alternatives. Primary data on the energy and material flows for the three routes, and their alternatives were collected and analysed. The methodology used was a streamlined life-cycle assessment (sLCA) approach. Processes included were: car tyre baling against aggregate gabions; car tyre retreading against new car tyres; and car tyre shred used in landfill engineering against primary aggregates. The outputs of the assessment, and web-based tool, were estimates of raw materials used, carbon dioxide emissions and costs. The paper discusses the benefits of carrying out a streamlined LCA and using the outputs of this analysis to develop a decision-support tool. The strengths and weakness of this approach are discussed and future research priorities identified which could facilitate the use of life cycle approaches by designers and practitioners.

Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres: A Balancing Act

AbstractThis paper provides a legal-economic analysis of the Appellate Body decision inBrazil–Retreaded Tyres. We develop a simple economic model that we use to analyze the market structure and environmental externalities that were most relevant to this case. We start by analyzing Brazil's policies in a model in which tyre retreading generates a positive production externality through the delay it provides society before a used tyre becomes a waste product with the potential to harm society through its adverse impact on human health and the environment. We examine the different welfare implications of (i) a production subsidy for retreading of once-used Brazilian tyres, (ii) a tariff on imports of retreaded tyres, and (iii) a ban on imports of retreaded tyres. While a production subsidy is the first-best instrument to address this type of externality, there are reasons to believe that it might be infeasible. The welfare implications of the other measures depend importantly on the magnitude of the positive production externality. From the lens provided by this economic analysis, we draw three primary insights. First, we identify the critical piece of empirical information that the Panel and Appellate Body require to make a rational judgment of the utility of the Brazilian policies contested in the dispute – i.e., the size of the underlying externality associated with retreading. Second, if the justification for the original import ban on retreaded tyres was based on the argument that it was a second-best Brazilian policy designed to combat a large externality, then Brazil's failure to enforce a ban on used-tyre imports has the troubling result of eroding those potential welfare gains through a reduction in equilibrium production (and consumption) of Brazilian retreaded tyres. Third, the Brazilian policy that exempted from the ban retreaded imports from MERCOSUR partners also has the same troubling feature. The second and third points are congruent with the reasons for the Appellate Body's determination that the Brazilian policy did not qualify under the chapeau of Article XX. We examine the WTO jurisprudence of Article XX(b), in order to compare the methodology developed under this jurisprudence to the type of examination of changes to total welfare from implementing one policy relative to a postulated alternative policy that most economists would follow. We find that the WTO jurisprudence in this area is internally incoherent, and also fails to evaluate the types of concerns that an economic-welfare analysis would evaluate.

Brazil - Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres: A Balancing Act

This paper provides a legal-economic analysis of the Appellate Body decision in Brazil - Retreaded Tyres. We develop a simple economic model that we use to analyze the market structure and environmental externalities that were most relevant to this case. We start by analyzing Brazil's policies in a model in which tyre retreading generates a positive production externality through the delay it provides society before a used tyre becomes a waste product with the potential to harm society through its adverse impact on human health and the environment. We examine the different welfare implications of (i) a production subsidy for retreading of once-used Brazilian tyres, (ii) a tariff on imports of retreaded tyres, and (iii) a ban on imports of retreaded tyres. While a production subsidy is the first-best instrument to address this type of externality, there are reasons to believe that it might be infeasible. The welfare implications of the other measures depend importantly on the magnitude of the positive production externality. From the lens provided by this economic analysis, we draw three primary insights. First, we identify the critical piece of empirical information that the Panel and Appellate Body require to make a rational judgment of the utility of the Brazilian policies contested in the dispute - i.e., the size of the underlying externality associated with retreading. Second, if the justification for the original import ban on retreaded tyres was based on the argument that it was a second-best Brazilian policy designed to combat a large externality, then Brazil's failure to enforce a ban on used-tyre imports has the troubling result of eroding those potential welfare gains through a reduction in equilibrium production (and consumption) of Brazilian retreaded tyres. Third, the Brazilian policy which exempted from the ban retreaded imports from MERCOSUR partners also has the same troubling feature. The second and third points are congruent with the reasons for the Appellate Body's determination that the Brazilian policy did not qualify under the chapeau of Article XX. We examine the WTO jurisprudence of Article XX (b), in order to compare the methodology developed under this jurisprudence to the type of examination of changes to total welfare from implementing one policy relative to a postulated alternative policy that most economists would follow. We find that the WTO jurisprudence in this area is internally incoherent, and also fails to evaluate the types of concerns that an economic welfare analysis would evaluate.

News and Views

Dunlop Aircraft Tyres has won the official approval of the Hungarian Civil Aviation Authority for its tyre retreading facilities. This follows a recent contract won by the company to supply new tyres for Malev Hungarian Airlines' fleet of Boeing 767s.

Mutagens in urine of non-smoking and smoking workers in an aircraft tyre retreading plant. Skin exposure as a causal factor?

In an aircraft tyre retreading plant environmental samples taken at several departments showed mutagenic properties. Thursday urine samples of non-smoking and smoking workers showed higher urinary mutagenicity than urine samples collected on Sundays, thus suggesting occupational exposure to mutagenic substances. A relation between urinary mutagenicity on Thursdays and skin contamination measured on Wednesdays was observed. The data suggest that intake through the skin plays an important role in the occupational exposure to mutagenic compounds of rubber workers.

Tyrere treading in Poland in comparison with the methods and equipments used in the world

Tyrere treading in Poland in comparison with the methods and equipments used in the world