Store Type Research Articles

Mind the gap: from real-world policies to health impact assessment modelling

Abstract When conducting health impact assessments (HIA), researchers often face the challenges of trying to align as closely as possible with policy scenarios. This phase concerns the translation of real-world policies into estimates usable in models. Most of the time, researchers need to address a policy-impact gap between what is needed by the policymakers and what is believed to be reliable data fitted for the model. These mismatches can stem from differences in how exposure and outcomes are studied compared to the policy plan. By looking at a case study of the planned Belgian policy to reduce tobacco selling points, challenges during the pre-modelling phase were identified. The question of what an effect size should be and its importance in the HIA process were considered fundamental for the analysis. In particular, literature on exposure to tobacco sales points differed in outcomes, as it would target proximity to someone’s home, while the policy itself focuses on the reduction of points of sale of a specific store type. Similarly, smoking behaviour can be measured in various ways, such as initiation, cessation, relapse rates, or overall smoking prevalence. The policies’ effect on these various outcomes differed significantly. In this presentation, the discussion will focus on the alignment of the existing literature with the specific details outlined in the policy. We will explore the challenges that arose when existing research criteria and assumptions did not fully match the policy, taking the new Belgian tobacco plan as an example. Lastly, we will highlight the opportunity to set up monitoring systems to evaluate tobacco interventions to extract reliable estimates for HIA and strengthen evidence-based tobacco policies in the future.

The Price of Foods, Beverages, and Diets in Australia: An Updated Systematic Review

Abstract Context The price and affordability of food are priorities for public health and health equity; however, Australia lacks a consistent method to evaluate healthy versus unhealthy diets, creating a gap in routine food price reporting. Objective This review aimed to identify and summarize recent methods used to assess and monitor the price and/or affordability of food and beverages in Australia using a health lens. Data Sources Four academic databases (MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, CINAHL Complete, and Business Source Complete) were searched in English from 2016 to 2022. Relevant gray literature was searched through Google Scholar and government websites. Data Extraction Five reviewers screened titles and abstracts, and full-text screening was conducted by 1 reviewer, with eligibility confirmed by a second reviewer. The quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute “Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies.” Data Analysis Twenty-five eligible studies were identified. Eleven studies used a version of the Healthy Diets Australian Standardized Affordability and Pricing protocol to collect prices for a “healthy” diet modelled on dietary guidelines and an “unhealthy” diet based on a habitual Australian diet. These studies consistently found unhealthy diets to be more expensive than healthy diets. Other identified methods included assessing the price of household diets across healthy baskets (n = 6), store types (n = 5), a planetary health diet (n = 1), packaged foods according to their Health Star Rating (n = 1), a fruit and vegetable basket (n = 1), school canteen foods against a traffic light system (n = 1), and weekly healthy meal plans (n = 1). Healthy diets tended to be less costly than less healthy diets, but both diets were often unaffordable in regional areas, for people on low incomes, and for First Nations peoples. Conclusion Consistent country-wide application of methods for monitoring the price and affordability of foods and diets in Australia is needed—including tailored approaches for priority groups. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022333531.

“The Dollar Store Got It Going On”: Understanding Food Shopping Patterns and Policy Preferences among Dollar Store Shoppers with Low Incomes

BackgroundThe growing dollar store sector has raised concerns about nutrition and associated health outcomes, especially for low-income communities who disproportionately rely on dollar stores. Perspectives of dollar store shoppers are largely absent. ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand why low-income shoppers choose to purchase food from dollar stores and what store changes, policies, and programs would make it easier for them to purchase healthier items. MethodsIn May–June 2023, we conducted interviews with 19 dollar store shoppers in an urban county in North Carolina. We used thematic analysis and the framework method to identify emergent patterns and themes across responses. ResultsIndividuals relied on dollar stores because of the affordable prices and convenient locations. In order of frequency, most participants purchased candy and snacks from dollar stores, followed by meat, fruits, and vegetables. Participants wanted more fruits, vegetables, and higher quality proteins at dollar stores and supported policies that increase access to healthier options via increased purchasing power, increased access to a mobile farmers’ market, marketing that identifies nutritionally healthy products, and improved access to other store types. Responses to removing unhealthy items from checkout areas were mixed. ConclusionsDollar stores are affordable and convenient food retailers for people with low incomes. However, dollar stores are not meeting demand for fruits, vegetables, and proteins, items necessary for food and nutrition security. To improve food access and community health, decision makers should incorporate community perspectives into efforts aimed at improving dollar store food options.

MCI모형을 이용한 중국 옌타이시 대형소매점 매출예측 및 상권영향분석

Recent research on GIS analysis, spatial interaction models, and site selection for large retail stores is actively underway in China both domestically and internationally. However, most studies tend to rely on secondary data provided by government agencies, neglecting research based on actual consumer survey data. Therefore, this study aimed to improve methods for analyzing commercial areas of large-scale retail stores in China by proposing the use of consumer data to enhance existing spatial interaction models. Specifically, by conducting surveys among consumers who actually visit large-scale retail stores, basic data such as store visit rates and visitor travel distances were collected to construct the MCI model. Through this approach, the study estimated the visit probability and market share of large-scale retail stores, and analyzed the impact of market environmental changes on commercial areas. Firstly, based on address data from 279 Chinese consumers, the study area was divided into 44 regions. These regions were combined with information on consumer shopping patterns and store details to construct a matrix of interactions between regions and large-scale retail stores. Secondly, important parameters in the MCI model, such as store attractiveness index and distance sensitivity, were estimated through OLS regression analysis. Findings revealed that the store type (regional large-scale retail, urban large-scale retail) did not significantly impact on consumers’ store preferences. Instead, customer visits exhibited an inverse relationship with distance and a direct relationship with store size. These estimated results were consistent with the theoretical perspectives of spatial interaction models. Thirdly, to examine how changes in the retail environment may affect retail businesses within commercial areas, the study focused on changes in sales and market share of surrounding retail businesses when a specific store expanded its area or entered a new region. The results showed that both expanding store area and entering new regions had negative impacts on other existing stores.

Effectiveness of real-world marketing of organic foods and beverages: A systematic review of recent evidence

Increasing consumer demand for organic foods and beverages is critical to boost sustainable agricultural production. Marketing interventions can be an effective way of influencing consumer preferences, but little is known about the effectiveness of these interventions at increasing demand for organic foods and beverages. This review synthesises recent evidence from studies evaluating real-world marketing interventions that aim to increase consumer demand for organic foods and beverages. Five databases were systematically searched and 18,743 titles and abstracts were screened against eligibility criteria. 21 studies covering 29 marketing interventions were included and assessed for risk of bias using the Evidence Project risk of bias tool. We found that price premiums had negative or no effects on overall consumer demand, although a subset of customers were willing to pay higher prices. Price promotions had mixed effects depending on product and customer type. Some place-based interventions–such as arranging organic products in a cluster and ensuring ready availability of these products–had positive and statistically significant impacts on consumer demand. Some promotional interventions–such as including organic messaging near product displays and securing newspaper coverage–were generally effective at increasing consumer demand. Ultimately, the effectiveness of these interventions differed across product categories, message framing, and the type of store and customer, necessitating strategic targeting of organic marketing interventions to promote more sustainable consumption.

Classified Spatial Clustering and Influencing Factors of New Retail Stores: A Case Study of Freshippo in Shanghai

The diversified innovative strategies adopted by the new retail format in urban spaces have significantly driven retail transformation and innovation. The combination of online platforms and physical stores provides a substantial advantage in market competition. This paper takes “Freshippo”, a typical representative of China’s new retail, as an example. Based on multi-source data and using tools such as GIS spatial analysis, statistical analysis, and geographical detectors, this study comprehensively examines the spatial clustering characteristics and influencing factors of Freshippo physical stores in Shanghai. The findings show that Freshippo has significantly expanded in the Shanghai fresh food market by innovatively opening various types of stores. However, there are substantial differences in the proportions of different types of stores, with 94% of the stores having online retail capabilities. Each offline store in the new retail format presents a multi-level “complementary” spatial distribution feature across the urban space, with distinctive clusters in the urban central districts, urban periphery areas, and outer suburban districts. The radiation range of logistics and distribution services exhibits characteristics of “central agglomeration and multi-point distribution”, providing residents with diverse and accurate services. Additionally, the comparison of multiple model results shows that the location selection of various types of new retail stores is significantly influenced by multiple factors, especially the nonlinear amplification effect of factor interactions on store agglomeration. These findings provide an important scientific reference for understanding the development of new retail formats and offer new ideas that promote the transformation and innovation of the retail industry, thereby achieving sustainable development.

Global policy scan of commercial combustible tobacco product retailing regulations by WHO region

Background/aimsRegulatory schemes for tobacco retailing help restrict the supply and availability of smoked tobacco products. Tobacco retailer density and the proximity of tobacco outlets to youth spaces, such as schools,...

Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in Indoor Dust from Decoration Material Stores: Occurrence, Sources, and Health Risks.

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are one of the most widely used plasticizers globally, extensively employed in various decoration materials. However, studies on the impact of these materials on indoor environmental PAE pollution and their effects on human health are limited. In this study, forty dust samples were collected from four types of stores specializing in decoration materials (flooring, furniture boards, wall coverings, and household articles). The levels, sources, exposure doses, and potential health risks of PAEs in dust from decoration material stores were assessed. The total concentrations of Σ9PAE (the sum of nine PAEs) in dust from all decoration-material stores ranged from 46,100 ng/g to 695,000 ng/g, with a median concentration of 146,000 ng/g. DMP, DEP, DBP, and DEHP were identified as the predominant components. Among all stores, furniture board stores exhibited the highest Σ9PAE (159,000 ng/g, median value), while flooring stores exhibited the lowest (95,300 ng/g). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that decoration materials are important sources of PAEs in the indoor environment. The estimated daily intakes of PAEs through non-dietary dust ingestion and dermal-absorption pathways among staff in various decoration-material stores were 60.0 and 0.470 ng/kg-bw/day (flooring stores), 113 and 0.780 ng/kg-bw/day (furniture board stores), 102 and 0.510 ng/kg-bw/day (wall covering stores), and 114 and 0.710 ng/kg-bw/day (household article stores). Particularly, staff in wall-covering and furniture-board stores exhibited relatively higher exposure doses of DEHP. Risk assessment indicated that although certain PAEs posed potential health risks, the exposure levels for staff in decoration material stores were within acceptable limits. However, staff in wall covering stores exhibited relatively higher risks, necessitating targeted risk-management strategies. This study provides new insights into understanding the risk associated with PAEs in indoor environments.

Gen Z Consumer Behavior in Jakarta MRT Stations Retail Shop

This paper focuses on the shopping behavior of Gen Z consumers while shopping in Jakarta MRT station. MRT has become an alternative solution for transportations in Jakarta to get over traffic jam and tends to have punctual schedule. Each MRT stations have different type of brand and retail stores that varies from food and beverages, convenience store and others. Gen Z often use MRT as their preferred transportations and in this study their response towards MRT stations retail and shopping behavior was analyzed during a short interview with the respondents. Analysis in retail shop and how consumers behave towards shopping including their motivations and preferences. In applying a qualitative approach, the study brings forth the Gen Z passengers' preference for punctual, fast travel, brand loyalty, and quick shopping. The results from the research indicate that Gen Z consumers tend to shop at retail shops near the city transit stations in the morning, providing that they love speed and efficiency. It also shows that brand play key role in the Gen Z consuming behavior and how they have planned ahead before actually shopping. The research also indicates that retail firms need to blend the digital way of doing business and social responsibility in order to reach this popular demographic. The dynamics of Gen Z consumers contribute significantly to the choice of products, place, time, and retail shops. Through a deep understanding of these elements, a business can succeed in the trends of the consumers in the urban transit setting.

국내 무인편의점 유형에 따른 소비자 기술 수용도 차이에 대한 연구 - 무인매장 구매 여정에 따른 서비스스케이프 요인을 중심으로 -

국내 무인편의점 유형에 따른 소비자 기술 수용도 차이에 대한 연구 - 무인매장 구매 여정에 따른 서비스스케이프 요인을 중심으로 -

Service quality dimensions in Austrian food retailing – a text mining approach for physical retail stores

ABSTRACT Investigating Service Quality (SQ) and its implications for customer satisfaction has become an increasingly popular research area. Especially in the context of physical grocery retailing, ensuring customer satisfaction has become a key success factor. Most previous research studies apply traditional methods (e.g. surveys) for physical shops and utilize text mining-based approaches mainly for e-commerce. In our paper, we propose a novel approach based on LDA. By combining expert-based word counting analysis with the LDA approach, we confirm that unsupervised text mining based on LDA can be used as a reliable approach to cluster textual comments to SQ dimensions in physical retail settings. We have analyzed over 163,000 publicly available textual customer reviews related to the Austrian market, which is special in terms of its extremely high density of retail outlets, high price levels and a tendency towards traditional form of shopping. Our results show that personal interaction, policies, and product-related aspects seem to be positive drivers of customer satisfaction, while reliability is a clear driver of customer dissatisfaction. Results also show a significantly higher relevance of personal interaction in smaller stores and cities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants than in other store types and bigger cities. Regarding practical implications, hypermarkets should focus on physical aspects to reduce negative reviews and increase efforts in personal interaction to increase positive reviews. On the other hand, smaller stores should continue to rely on personal interaction to avoid negative reviews and might focus on higher reliability to generate more positive reviews. The applied text-mining approach enables future research with a starting base to analyze SQ dimensions and their relevance in additional countries or area, as e.g. fashion or hardware retail.

Streamlining last-mile delivery in Delta State: Enhancing logistics management for efficient distribution

This study investigates the challenges and potential solutions of last-mile delivery experienced by customers purchasing from online and physical stores in Delta State, Nigeria. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, data were collected from a sample size of 349 participants, comprising customers of both online and physical retail outlets. Quantitative data analysis involved the examination of contingency tables and the calculation of chi-square statistics to determine the significance of differences in last-mile delivery challenges between online and physical stores. Additionally, qualitative data were obtained through open-ended survey questions and thematic analysis to explore potential strategies for addressing identified challenges. The findings reveal that customers encounter similar challenges in last-mile delivery across both online and physical stores. While there may be variations in the frequencies of these challenges between the two types of stores, statistical analysis in this study indicates that these differences are not significant. Furthermore, findings reveal that the identified challenges have a substantial impact on customer satisfaction and purchasing behavior, particularly in online stores. Strategies were identified to address these challenges such as the integration of seamless payment options, address verification technology, involvement of locals in the delivery process, among others. These recommendations emphasizes the importance of implementing tailored strategies to improve last-mile delivery services and enhance the overall shopping experience for customers in Delta State. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the challenges and potential solutions of last-mile delivery in the context of both online and physical retail environments. The findings offer practical implications for logistics management and customer service strategies, guiding retailers in addressing common challenges and driving business growth in the competitive retail landscape of Delta State. Keywords: Last-Mile Delivery, Route Optimization, Innovative Delivery Models, Delivery Tracking Mechanism, Operational Efficiency, Customer Satisfaction

Comprehensive evaluation of digital technology's effects on the supply chain of prefabricated construction

PurposeDigital technology, which is regarded as a prominent and transformational force in modern society, encompasses a wide variety of technology that utilize digital data to process, store and transfer various types of information. Digital technologies have continually been introduced as cutting-edge information tools in order to achieve effective management of vast information that arises from the prefabrication supply chain. However, without a sufficient performance evaluation, drawbacks of technology investment, such as financial losses and ineffective resource allocation, keep occurring, which hinders the widespread implementation of digital technologies. This study demonstrates a comprehensive evaluation of digital technologies’ effects on the prefabrication supply chain based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) theory.Design/methodology/approachSpecifically, the targeted digital technologies and project constraints were first identified through a systematic literature review. The effects of the digital technologies were then scored using a questionnaire survey. The TOPSIS model was established to quantitatively rank the effectiveness of selected digital technologies.FindingsOverall, BIM technology shone out in the rankings and is regarded as the most beneficial digital solution by multi-stakeholders to the existing constraints, such as working efficiency. Collaboration patterns between different stakeholders and technology integration trend were also indicated.Originality/valueCompared with existing outcomes, this study specifically focused on examining the effects of digital technologies on the prefabrication supply chain, the most significant link in the process for prefabricated structures. New findings indicate the overall performance that considered both multi-stakeholders’ preferences and project constraints. The quantitative evaluation presents a comprehensive understanding of digital technologies’ effects, enabling industrial participants to reach well-informed, strategic and profitable investment decisions.

Research on Optimization Strategy of Commercial Street Spatial Vitality Based on Pedestrian Trajectories

Commercial pedestrian streets significantly enhance urban life. Previous research often depends on limited survey data or subjective evaluations, which fail to fully capture the impact of street elements on spatial vitality under diverse spatiotemporal conditions. This study, conducted in Beijing’s Sanlitun commercial district, analyzes pedestrian data from six branch roads collected via WiFi detection to determine how various spatial elements influence the vibrancy of commercial pedestrian streets. The results show a positive correlation between street width, ranging from 5.88 to 10.83 m, and vitality. Furthermore, the influence of different street elements on vitality varies notably. During the daytime, street width is the most effective element for enhancing vitality, with a maximum standardized coefficient of 1.717. However, at night, the associations between advertising area, store type, and vitality diminish. The street recording the highest nighttime vitality peaked at a pedestrian count of 91.7831. The contribution of street width to enhancing nighttime vitality is 2.49 times greater than at noon on non-working days, 2.01 times more than on working days, and 2.92 times higher than the impact of tables and chairs. Therefore, street design should prioritize street width, ground floor interface permeability, number of tables and chairs, store density, advertising area, and store type.

Comparative Study on the Challenges of Distribution of Finished Goods to Customers in Different Types of Retail Stores

The study was undertaken as qualitative research. The purpose of this study is to compare the channels chosen by retailers to distribute goods to the final consumer. For the purpose of the study 3 different kinds of retails stores were chosen to understand their distribution of goods to the final customer. The retail stores chosen were Malls, Kirana stores and a cloth shop. The method of research was by interview method. The variables chosen for the study were types of channels, channel management, hybrid channels which were independent variables, and the dependent variable was creation of value. Five major questions were asked based on the value creation challenges retailers face in distribution management. From the study it was understood that retailers choose hybrid channels for distribution of goods to the final consumer to enhance the value.

A Comparative Study of Customer Perceptions: Organized Stores versus Kirana Stores in the Retail Landscape

This research aims to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of customer perceptions towards organized retail stores and traditional kirana stores. As the retail landscape undergoes transformation, understanding the factors that shape customer preferences and perceptions is crucial for both types of stores to effectively cater to consumer needs. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study combines qualitative insights gathered through interviews and focus group discussions with quantitative surveys to analyze and compare customer perceptions. Qualitative data will provide an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing customer opinions, while quantitative analysis will identify trends, preferences, and correlations among various aspects of organized and kirana stores. The research aims to uncover key determinants influencing customer choices, including the impact of the shopping experience, product availability, pricing strategies, convenience, and overall retail environment. Additionally, it seeks to identify areas for improvement and innovation within both types of stores by evaluating factors contributing to customer satisfaction and loyalty. The findings from this research are expected to offer valuable insights for retailers, policymakers, and industry analysts. By understanding the nuanced preferences of consumers in both organized and kirana retail settings, retailers can tailor their strategies to better meet customer expectations, fostering a competitive and adaptive retail environment. This study contributes to the broader understanding of consumer behavior in the evolving retail sector, providing a foundation for further research and strategic decision-making in the industry.

Evaluations of Compliance With California's First Tobacco Sales Bans and Tobacco Marketing in Restricted and Cross-Border Stores.

Beverly Hills and Manhattan Beach were the first California cities to end tobacco sales. Previous research assessed retailers' perceptions of the laws. This study is the first to evaluate compliance (Study 1), assess whether branded or unbranded tobacco cues remain, and examine cigarette prices/discounts in cross-border stores (Study 2). Each of the four data collectors requested Marlboro or e-cigarettes (randomly assigned) in all restricted stores (n = 33) until four attempts were exhausted or a violation occurred. Follow-up visits recorded whether former tobacco retailers advertised tobacco or contained unbranded cues. In a random sample of 126 cross-border stores (half within 1 mile of no-sales cities and half 2-4 miles away), data collectors recorded price of Marlboro and presence of cigarette discounts. Mixed models (stores within tracts), tested for differences between near and far stores, adjusting for store type and median household income. Compliance was 87.5%: three stores sold Marlboro (US $8, $10, and $10) and one sold Puff Bar (US $16). Tobacco-branded items and unbranded tobacco cues remained in one store each. Mean Marlboro price was US $10.61 (SD = 1.92) at stores within 1 mile of no-sales cities, averaging US $0.73 more than at stores farther away (p < .05). However, odds of advertising cigarette discounts did not differ between stores nearby and farther from no-sales cities. Nearly all retailers complied with tobacco sales bans within 6-12 months of implementation. In addition, retail tobacco marketing was nearly eliminated in the two cities. There was no evidence of price gouging for Marlboro cigarettes in cross-border stores. Evidence from two early adopters of tobacco sales bans suggests that such local laws can be implemented effectively in California, although results from these high-income cities in a state with a strong tobacco control record limits generalizability. Enforcement involving routine purchase attempts rather than visual inspection of tobacco products is recommended. Although Beverly Hills and Manhattan Beach are each surrounded by communities where tobacco sales persist, there was no evidence of price gouging for cigarettes or greater presence of discounts in cross-border stores. Evaluations of the economic impacts and public health benefits of tobacco sales bans are much needed.

FEATURES OF COLOR SOLUTIONS OF UKRAINIAN ONLINE STORES` LOGOS

Purpose. To select, analyze, and systematize the logos of Ukrainian online stores of various product categories to identify the characteristic features of their color solutions.&#x0D; Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is a comprehensive approach, methods of analytical and visual-analytical analysis of research objects, and systematization of information on the varieties of color solutions of logos of well-known Ukrainian online stores of 24 product categories. The selection of e-commerce enterprises has been carried out using search engine ratings.&#x0D; Results. An analysis of scientific and practical literature on the specified topic has been conducted. And the information on the psychological and associative influence of colors on consumers has been systematized. Therefore, based on the analysis of color solutions of 720 logos of Ukrainian online stores, their typical variants in different product categories have been selected and described. Also, a clear relationship between the color solution of the online store logo and the category of goods sold has been revealed. Typical color solutions of one-color logos, as well as schemes of color combinations in two-color, three-color, and multi-color logos of linguistic and mixed types of online stores of various product categories, are defined and described. The logos of online stores of certain product categories with similar color schemes were selected and combined into groups.&#x0D; Scientific novelty. Information on color solutions of online store logos is systematized. Typical colors and color combinations for logos of e-commerce brands of various product categories are identified. The principles of color combinations in logos of online stores of various product categories are determined.&#x0D; Practical significance. It is advisable to use the obtained results both in the development of logos of new e-commerce enterprises and in the redesign of existing ones. The results of the research can be used in further scientific research on the design of corporate style of sites for e-commerce enterprises.

FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER'S INTENTION TO CHOOSE A RETAIL CHAIN BRAND IN VIETNAM

Retailing is the final stage of the distribution channel, including businesses and people involved in the movement and transfer of ownership of goods and services from the producer to the final consumer. The customer's selection decision is a very complicated matter, where they have to decide: (1) how many types of items from each category are selected; (2) how to select purchases during shopping trips by period; (3) how to choose a different type of store. Combined with the research context in Vietnam, the author has proposed a number of factors affecting the brand choice behavior of retail chain stores, including the following 6 factors: (1) the image of the store customers, (2) price perception, (3) perceived risk, (4) attitude towards the brand, (5) brand awareness, (6) brand familiarity. A formal quantitative research was carried out on a sample size of 420 NTD. The values of the scale were analyzed using the following methods: Cronbach's Alpha, EFA, CFA and SEM to test the research hypotheses of the model.&#x0D;

Exposure of U.S. adults to microplastics from commonly-consumed proteins

We investigated microplastic (MP) contamination in 16 commonly-consumed protein products (seafoods, terrestrial meats, and plant-based proteins) purchased in the United States (U.S.) with different levels of processing (unprocessed, minimally-processed, and highly-processed), brands (1 – 4 per product type, depending on availability) and store types (conventional supermarket and grocer featuring mostly natural/organic products). Mean (±stdev) MP contamination per serving among the products was 74 ± 220 particles (ranging from 2 ± 2 particles in chicken breast to 370 ± 580 in breaded shrimp). Concentrations (MPs/g tissue) differed between processing levels, with highly-processed products containing significantly more MPs than minimally-processed products (p = 0.0049). There were no significant differences among the same product from different brands or store types. Integrating these results with protein consumption data from the American public, we estimate that the mean annual exposure of adults to MPs in these proteins is 11,000 ± 29,000 particles, with a maximum estimated exposure of 3.8 million MPs/year. These findings further inform estimations of human exposure to MPs, particularly from proteins which are important dietary staples in the U.S. Subsequent research should investigate additional drivers of MPs in the human diet, including other understudied food groups sourced from both within and outside the U.S.