Types Of Orchids Research Articles

Community Economic Empowerment in the Ngoro Village PKK group through Orchid Cultivation

Orchids are a type of diverse and beautiful flower plant found throughout the world, including Indonesia. Orchids naturally thrive in forest environments or areas with abundant moisture and organic nutrients. Considering the decreasing area of forest, it is important to take immediate action to preserve and protect various orchid species that are threatened with extinction. The Ngoro Village PKK group together with Damar Farm held orchid planting training which highlighted the potential for cultivating quality orchid plants. The aim of this effort is to provide education to the local community and supervise orchid cultivation as a means of earning a living for the family. The approach taken is through practice and question and answer sessions. Participants included sub-district heads and women from the PKK group in Ngoro Village. This material provides an overview of orchids, including the characteristics, potential, and techniques for propagating and cultivating these plants. The results of these efforts resulted in a significant increase in participants' understanding of orchid plants. There are two types of orchids that are commonly used for training: pigeon orchids (Dendrobium crumenatum) and ground orchids (Spathoglottis plicata). This orchid is famous for its ease of reproduction by separating young plants. Coconut fiber is an orchid planting medium that is often found in this area.

Diversity of Orchid species in the Tilu Mountains Region of Indonesia and the Potential for Phytochemistry

Orchids are one of the largest and globally distributed plant families. Indonesia has the most types of orchids, estimated around 20% from the total species across the world. Mainly orchids used as an ornamental plant. This research aimed to elucidate another potential of orchids as possibly for herbal medicine plant. The potential of orchids as herbal medicine has been known for a long time, but there is lack of well-documented research. The research method used in this research is exploration on predetermined research sites that were conducted in Mount Tilu, West Java on 2022. Observation data of orchids were collected on the sites and the analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive approach by describing the data from the research results and comparisons were made through a literature review. Based on the research results, we found about 31 species from 28 genera consisting of 24 epiphytic orchids and 7 terrestrial orchids in the Mount Tilu Kuningan area, West Java. There are 4 endemic species categorised in Java; Chilochista javanica, Crepidium koordesii, Crepidium junghuhnii, and Taeniophyllum biocellatum.

DNA Barcode Characteristic of Dendrobium crumenatum based on ITS2

Dendrobium crumenatum, known as the pigeon orchid, is a type of orchid that is used as medicine by local people. Identification of D.crumenatum has limitations because it is similar to the orchid species D. heterocarpum. DNA barcoding is an alternative technique for identifying D.crumenatum using molecular markers. One of the molecular markers that is reliable and widely used in DNA barcoding is ITS2. This study aims to identify the ITS2 sequence as a molecular barcode effective for D.crumenatum. Genomic DNA isolation of Dendrobium crumenatum was carried out using the Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and DNA amplification using PCR. The results showed that DNA barcoding research using the ITS2 sequence in D. crumenatum provides specific results to distinguish D. crumenatum from other Dendrobium species. The similarity in flower morphology in D. crumenatum and D. formosum proposed as the cause of close proximity shown in phylogenetic tree. Based on these results, the ITS2 sequence is highly recommended as a molecular marker for barcoding orchids, especially D. crumenatum since its capability for differentiating between species with morphological similarities. Key words: Dendrobium crumenatum, DNA Barcoding, ITS2

Using the Support Vector Machine method with the HOG feature for classification of orchid types

Orchids are the most species-rich flowering plants, with approximately 750 genera and 43,000 types of orchids in the world, of which about 5,000 species have been recorded in several provinces in Indonesia. Orchids have beautiful flowers with attractive colors, making them ornamental plants that many people like. From plant morphology, orchid plants can be differentiated based on the morphology of flowers, leaves, fruit, stems, and roots. The leaves of orchid plants have their characteristics for each type of orchid, such as long, round, or lanceolate. All orchids have veins that run parallel to their leaves. The individual shapes of orchid leaves can be classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Histogram of Gradient (HOG). In this research, five types of orchids that are popular among orchid lovers were used, namely Dendrobium, Cattleya, Oncidium, Phalaenopsis, and Vanda orchids, which were taken from public data. The accuracy of this method in classifying orchid species based on leaf morphology can be measured using a confusion matrix that measures precision, recall, and accuracy. From five tests, the Oncidium orchid had the highest average accuracy with a value of 98%, the Vanda orchid had the highest average precision of 99.80%, and the Cattleya orchid had the highest average recall of 100%.

Ekplorasi dan Identifikasi Anggrek Lokal di Desa Sabuhur, Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan

This community services activity aims to support environmental conservation activities by Amabilis Lestari Forest Farmer Group and Pantai Baru Forest Farmer Group in Sabuhur village, Jorong District, Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan. Partners in this program carried out the rescue of local Kalimantan Orchids and ulin wood around the village. The problem is that the kept orchids have not been indicated and inventoried. In this activity, exploration of orchids into their habitat and identification of the types of orchids kept by partners. There are 58 families of orchids maintained by partners with a total of 1.636 plants. Types of orchids are named using a QR-Code attached to the orchids to make it easier to identify the type of orchids. The information contains photos of orchids, identification, habitat, and how to care for them. This service activity can help partners identify all types of orchids that are kept and display them in the form of information that is easily accessible to visitors.

An optimum hyperparameters of restnet-50 for orchid classification based on convolutional neural network

There are many types of orchids in Indonesia, such as Phalaenopsis Amabilis (Moon Orchid), Cattleya, etc. Because the shape and color of each orchid flower looks the same, a system is needed that can classify orchid flowers. In this research, we will use a system using a Convolutional Neural Network with ResNet50 architecture to classify orchid species. There are 4 types of orchids that will be used, namely Moon Orchids, xDoritaenopsis Orchids, Cattleya Orchids, and Coelogyne Pandurata Orchids (1000 datasets for each type). The aim of this research is to implement deep learning using the Convolutional Neural Network method combined with the ResNet50 architecture and identifying the types of orchid flowers and calculating accuracy when identifying orchid flower types. This research uses 4000 orchid image datasets, with a data split of 80:20 so that 800 images are used as training data and 200 as test data. ResNet50 uses a confusion matrix evaluation, namely Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity and F1-score with epochs 10, 20, 30, 40. From the research that has been carried out, it produces the highest accuracy on Test Data with the 30th epoch, reaching 98.87%. and the lowest accuracy on Test Data with the 10th epochs which produces an accuracy of 97.75%.

Inventory of Orchid Species in Customary Forest Area of Cipta Karya Village, Sungai Betung District, Bengkayang Regency

Orchids are one of the flowering plants that have many species and are widely distributed, as well as having different attractions and characteristics in each species and habitat. The aim of this research to inventory the types of orchids in Customary Forest Area of Cipta Karya Village, Bengkayang Regency. The research was conducted using the cruise method. The characteristics observed were the morphology of orchids such as roots, pseudobulbs, stems, leaves, and flowers. The inventory results found 13 species of orchids. Epiphytic orchids were found more commonly in this area, with a total of 9 species, while terrestrial orchids were found with 4 species. The epiphytic orchid species foundware composed of Appendicula sp., Bulbophyllum sp., Coelogyne speciosa, Cymbidium sp., Dendrobium crumenatum, Dendrobium anosmum, Luisia sp., Micropera pallida and Oberonia sp. The terrestrial orchid species found ware composed of Acanthephippium javanicum, Malaxis latifolia, Nephelaphyllum pulchrum, and Spathoglottis plicata.

Identification of Orchid Plants Species in the East Tomohon Forest Area

Orchids which belong to the Orchidaceae family, are popular ornamental plants that are loved by many people. It is estimated that there are around 5,000 species of orchids in Indonesia. Orchids live in various habitats including epiphytic, terrestrial, lithophytic, and saprophytic. Environmental factors such as temperature, air humidity, soil pH, and light intensity can affect the growth, development, and spread of orchids. Tomohon City is known as one of Indonesia's largest flower producers, one of that is orchids. In the East Tomohon forest area, various types of orchids were found, but the types of orchids that grow have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of orchids that grow in the East Tomohon forest area based on their morphology. The identification of orchid plants is done by observing the morphological characteristics of the shape of leaves, roots, stems, colors, and flower shapes in detail so that their taxonomy can be known. The research was conducted on August 5-19, 2022 using the cruising method (exploratory survey) the acquisition of data was analyzed descriptively. The results of research on Orchid Plant Species in the East Tomohon Forest Area found 192 individuals consisting of 10 orchid species, 4 species are terrestrial orchids, they are Calanthe tripilcata (18), Nervilia aragoana (13), Phaius thankervilleae (21), Vanda sp. (25), and 6 species are epiphytic orchids, they are Coelogyne asperata (16), Coelogyne pandurata (17), Cattleya sp. (21), Dendrobium crumenatum, Oncidium ornithorhynchum (18), Phalaenopsis amabilis (27).

Pengaruh Penambahan Kombinasi Benzyl Amino Purine dan Pepton Terhadap Pertumbuhan Planlet Anggrek Cattleya sp.

Orchidaceae is one type of ornamental plant which is a leading commodity. Cattleya sp. are a potential type of orchid in terms of productivity and high economic value. Conventional Cattleya sp. cultivation is considered less effective because the number of tillers produced is very limited. Therefore an alternative Cattleya sp. cultivation is needed using plant tissue culture techniques or in vitro. The research objective is to determine the effect of the addition of the combination of BAP and peptone on the growth of orchid plantlets Cattleya sp. This experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Malang from August to November 2016. This study used a completely randomized design. The treatment was in the form of ½ MS medium added with a combination of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Peptone. The explant used was the protocorm of Cattleya sp. 1 month old with a size of ± 0.5 cm. Protocorm was inoculated as much as 10 protocorm on media treatment. The results showed that Peptone can affected the growth of Cattleya sp. plantlets. The ½ MS treatment with the addition of peptone produced the highest number of leaves and the highest plantlet height, while the ½ MS treatment without the addition of BAP and peptone produced the highest number of roots.

Orchid: Research, Medicinal Uses, Threats and Conservation

Orchids are the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants, with over 25,000 species. They are found in a wide range of habitats, from tropical rainforests to alpine tundra. In India, orchids are found in all climatic zones, from the Himalayas to the deserts. Orchids are economically important plants, both as ornamentals and for their medicinal properties. They are also threatened by habitat loss and over-harvesting. In India, over 250 species of orchids are threatened. This review provides an overview of the diversity, conservation, and medicinal uses of orchids in India. It discusses the different types of orchids found in India, the threats they face, and the efforts being made to conserve them. It also discusses the traditional medicinal uses of orchids in India, and the scientific evidence for their efficacy. The review concludes by calling for increased research on the medicinal properties of orchids, and for more effective conservation measures to be put in place.This article also talks about how orchids were used in traditional medicine, how endangered they are, and how species can be protected where they grow.

Respon Pertumbuhan Anggrek Dendrobium Fase Seedling terhadap Variasi Jenis Media Tanam

Orchids are ornamental plants that are very popular with the public and consist of many types of orchids. The aim of this research is to find out how various types of planting media influence the growth of dendrobium orchids. This study was conducted for three months, from May to July 2023. The research used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of three different types of planting media, namely: M1 (kadaka roots); M2 (wood charcoal); and M3 (Sphagnum moss). Data analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and the Lowest Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The results of the analysis show that there are differences in the types of planting media used to plant kadaka roots, Sphagnum moss, and wood charcoal. In the planting medium, kadaka roots grow well with high variable stem growth. In the Sphagnum moss planting medium, it gave the best growth in the shoot height increase variable, while in the wood charcoal planting medium it did not show suboptimal growth in terms of stem height, stem diameter, shoot height and number of roots. Sphagnum moss planting medium provides the best growth for increasing shoot height.

Diversity of Orchids (Orchidaceae) in Bonjol Subdistrict, West Sumatra

Bonjol District, West Sumatra has a very high diversity of flora, one of the flora found in Bonjol District is orchids (Orchidaceae). However, there is no data that explains the diversity of orchid plants in Bonjol District, so researchers are interested in using this as research. This research aims to find out what types of orchids are found in Bonjol District, the diversity index of orchid plants (Orchidaceae) and the dominance index of the most dominant orchid plants in Bonjol District, West Sumatra. The research was carried out using an exploratory method with direct observation of orchid plants in the field. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, namely taking samples with certain considerations. Sampling was carried out at 2 stations, namely residential areas and forests. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The research results showed that the diversity of orchid species (Orchidaceae) in Bonjol District, West Sumatra was classified as moderate, with a total Shannon-Wiener diversity index H' = 1.4117. In Bonjol District, West Sumatra, there are 31 types of orchids from 17 genera, the most frequently found species are Bulbophyllum gibbosum with 35 individuals, while the species found least frequently are Nervelia crociformis and Eria discolor, each with 2 individuals. Then, in the results of calculating the dominance index value for orchids (Orchidaceae) in Bonjol District, West Sumatra, the result was D= 0.044, which means that no species dominates.

Evaluation of the Spiranthes spiralis Population’s Phenotypic Density in the Plant Community of Medicagini minimae–Festucetum valesiacae Meadows in the Natura 2000 Jiului Corridor Site, Romania (ROSCI0045)

There are few reports related to the presence of Spiranthes spiralis in the Oltenia region in southern Romania. This study develops the information concerning the presence of this type of orchid in Gorj County. The studies on the populations of this orchid species have been conducted in the Natura 2000 site of the Community ROSCI0045 Jiului Corridor. In the researched territory, during the investigations, twelve populations of Spiranthes spiralis were sampled for the first time. In 2022–2023, we studied the distribution of this species and assessed its population densities. Our observations indicate that it is a relatively widespread species in the studied area and its populations are more abundant in meadows, in the Medicagini minimae–Festucetum valesiacae plant community.

Efficiency in Orchid Species Classification: A Transfer Learning-Based Approach

Orchid is a type of plant that grows on land. It is highly valued for its beauty and is cherished by many because of its graceful flower shape, delicate fragrance, vibrant colors, and noble symbolism. Although there are various types of orchids, some of them look similar in appearance and color, making it challenging for people to distinguish them quickly and accurately. The existing methods for classifying orchid species face issues with accuracy due to the similarities between different species and the differences within the same species. This affects their practical use. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an efficient method for classifying orchid species using transfer learning. The main achievement of this study is the successful utilization of transfer learning to achieve accurate orchid species classification. This approach reduces the need for large datasets, minimizes overfitting, cuts down on training time and costs, and enhances classification accuracy. Specifically, the proposed approach involves four phases. First, we gathered a collection of 12 orchid image sets, totaling 12,227 images, through a combination of network sources and field photography. Next, we analyzed the distinctive features present in the collected orchid image sets. We identified certain connections between the acquired orchid datasets and other datasets. Finally, we employed transfer learning technology to create an efficient classification function for orchid species based on these relationships. As a result, our proposed method effectively addresses the challenges highlighted. Experimental results demonstrate that our classification algorithm, which utilizes transfer learning, achieves a classification accuracy rate of 96.16% compared to not using the transfer learning method. This substantial improvement in accuracy greatly enhances the efficiency of orchid classification.

Kelayakan Bisnis Tanaman Hias Anggrek Vanda di Kota Batu

Based on the development of ornamental plant production of orchid plants. It continues to show vast numbers every year. This shows that orchid plants have the potential to be developed. The farmers' understanding of the prospect of farming and the economic value of Vanda orchid plants is minimal. It's often orchid business cannot be maximized. The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial feasibility of the vanda orchid ornamental plant business in Dd Orchid Nursery, Junrejo District, Batu City, using the R/C ratio, Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The population and sample of this study were all farmers in Dd Orchid Nursery, totalling 30 people. The research data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data analysis conducted includes R/C ratio, Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The data was analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program. The results showed an R/C ratio of 4.57. BEP business production is 645 bunches. BEP Price is Rp. 2.269. The payback period (PP) generated amounted to 1.19. Net present value (NPV) amounted to Rp. 27,909,153. And the IRR percentage value obtained is 84%. It can be concluded that the Vanda Orchid Business at DD' Orchid Nursery is a business that has excellent financial viability. Orchid farmers at DD' Orchid Nursery can continue to expand their target market and expand to other types of orchids with profitable profit values.

Multiplication of Dendrobium Sp Orchid Somatic Embries Using In-Vitro Concentrations of MgSO4 and Myo-Inositol in Murashige and Skoog Media

Dendrobium Sp orchid is one type of orchid that occupies the top position in ornamental plants. This study aims to determine the administration of various concentrations of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and Myo-inositol to Dendrobium Sp orchid explants on Murashige and Skoog media. The design used in this study was a factorial complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatment levels (M= MgSO4 and Y= Myo-inositol) with 3 replications. Namely: M0 (without MgSO4), M1 (MgSO4 350 mg/l ), M2 (MgSO4 370 mg/l), M3 (MgSO4 390 mg/l), and Y0 (Without Myo-inositol), Y1 (Myo-inositol 50 mg/l), Y2 (Myo-inositol 100 mg/l) , Y3 (Myo-inositol 150 mg/l). Based on the results of the study, giving various concentrations of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) alone had a significant effect on all observed parameters, where the best treatment was found in M3 with an average number of shoots 4.04, shoot height 1.08 cm, number of leaves 7.89 fruit, number of roots 6.64 fruit and root length 1.55 cm in Dendrobium Sp. For the treatment of various Myo-inositol concentrations, a single significant effect on all observed parameters, where the best treatment was found in Y3 with an average number of shoots 4.03, shoot height 1.25 cm, number of leaves 7.81, number of roots 4.96 and root length 1.48 in Dendrobium Sp. In interaction, the administration of MgSO4 and Myo-inisitol had a significant effect on all observation parameters, the best treatment was M3Y3 (390 mg/l MgSO4 and 150 mg/l MS Myo-inisitol) namely the number of shoots 4.33, the height of the shoots 1.68 cm, the number of leaves is 8.89, the number of roots is 7.22 cm and the root length is 2.02 cm.

TAMAN ANGGREK DI BANJARBARU

Orchids are one of the most popular plants among the public because most of the orchids grow in tropical countries like Indonesia. In Indonesia, there are around 5,000 species of orchids spread across several provinces and 38 percent of them are in Kalimantan. There are several types of natural orchids that are becoming rare due to the rampant exploitation of these flowers, so that several types of orchids are starting to become endangered. Therefore, the conservation of orchid plants has recently begun to be increased, the government of South Kalimantan is one of those who are intensively conserving orchids with the aim that existing orchid species do not become extinct. However, the challenge is how to get the whole community involved in this conservation, not just a group of related people. On the other hand, orchids have a special attraction in the eyes of the public, with their attractiveness, the Orchid Recreation Park has the potential to be used as a recreation area that provides open education to all people so that they can help preserve the orchids themselves. The concept of metaphorical architecture was also chosen as the design concept for this Recreation Park with the design principle that it is hoped that the design of this Recreation Park will attract more visitors.

INVENTARISATION OF ORCHID TYPES (Orchidaceae) IN WEST TOMOHON AREA

This study aims to inventory orchid species in the West Tomohon area using the accidental sampling method of exploration in a predetermined place. Orchids are a type of flowering plant that comes from the Orchidaceae family. Each type of orchid has its own characteristics. Tomohon City has abundant natural resources, including ornamental plants such as orchids. Data on orchid diversity in West Tomohon Sub-district has never been reported. Orchid inventory is an activity that records the diversity of orchid species in an area. This research is descriptive-qualitative research. The results of this study have yielded 10 species of orchids belonging to nine genera in one family. The orchid species found in the West Tomohon area consist of Arachnis sp., Arundina graminifolia, Cattleya sp., Dendrobium biggibum, Dendrobium moschatum, Epidendrum secundum, Oncidium flexuosum, Phaius tankervilleae, Phalaenopsis amabilis, and Vanda arcuata. The most common orchid found in this area is the moon orchid, Phalaenopsis amabilis.

Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) Pada Anggrek (Dendrobium hybrid) Terhadap Survival dan Pertumbuhan Dalam Media Arang

One of the most popular types of orchids by the public is the Dendrobium Orchid. One of the functions of adding growth regulators is Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) which functions to accelerate root growth. The content possessed by IBA can cause additional roots under certain conditions. This study aims to determine the optimal variation of the concentration of the hormone Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on the growth of Dendrobium hybrid orchids. Acclimatized Dendrodium hybrid seedlings were selected first, planted on charcoal media, and treated twice a week for two months using an IBA concentration of 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; and 1 ml/L. In this study, the optimal concentration of IBA with root length parameters was at a concentration of 1 ml/L with an average of 2.33. For a concentration of 0.75 ml/L with the parameter of the number of new roots having an average of 1.94 and the parameter of the number of leaves having an average of 1.85. Plant length with a concentration of 0.50 ml/L had an average of 2.56. The concentration of 0.25 ml/L with leaf length parameter has an average of 1.94 while the wet weight parameter has an average of 1.04. For the effect of giving IBA hormone on survival, the most optimal concentration was 0.75 ml/L with 91% live and 9% dead.

The Effect of IAA and BAP on Root Induction of Cattleya Orchids

Orchid is an ornamental plant commodity that has an important meaning in international trade. Until now, orchids are still the center of attention of farmers and lovers of ornamental plants, because of their bright potential as cut flowers and potted plants. The popular and widespread type of orchid is Cattleya sp. The Cattleya orchid is also called the queen of orchids because of its colorful flowers. Cattleya sp. orchids take a long time to propagate by seed, about 4 to 7 years, so other methods are needed to deal with them. Tissue culture is a method for isolating plant parts such as cells, tissues or organs, and cultivating them in an aseptic environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal interaction of growth regulators indole acetic acid (IAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and their interactions with the root induction of Cattleya sp. Cytokinins interact with auxin in determining the direction of cell differentiation. In this research method, differences in concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA: 0, 2, 4, 6 ppm) and concentrations of benzyl amino purine (BAP: 0, 0, 5, 1 ppm) were carried out. Parameters observed were the number of roots and root length. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using ANOVA. The highest number of roots was obtained in the treatment medium containing 0.5 ppm BAP and 6 ppm IAA, which was 6.33. The highest root length was found in the B0I4 treatment (BAP 0 + IAA 4 ppm). The results of the analysis of the interaction variance between the IAA treatment and the BAP treatment were 0.005, meaning that there was a significant effect of the combination of IAA and BAP on the leaf length of Cattleya sp.