Types Of Guidance Systems Research Articles

Positioning and Driving Control of Fork-type Automatic Guided Vehicle With Laser Navigation

We designed and implemented a fork-type automatic guided vehicle (AGV) with a laser guidance system. Most previous AGVs have used two types of guidance systems: magnetgyro and wire guidance. However, these guidance systems have high costs, are difficult to maintain with changes in the operating environment, and can drive only a pre-determined path with installed sensors. A laser guidance system was developed for addressing these issues, but limitations including slow response time and low accuracy remain. We present a laser guidance system and control system for AGVs with laser navigation. For analyzing the performance of the proposed system, we designed and built a fork-type AGV, and performed repetitions of our experiments under the same working conditions. The results show an average positioning error of 51.76 mm between the simulated driving path and the driving path of the actual fork-type AGV. Consequently, we verified that the proposed method is effective and suitable for use in actual AGVs.

Parking Assistance System Based on Oral Instruction -Experiments Using Elderly Driver-

We studied different types of guidance systems and proposed some comprehensive human machine interfaces (HMIs) using this system for providing instructions for vehicle control to elderly drivers. Experimental studies and a questionnaire survey were carried out for evaluating the validity of the system. HMI was evaluated on the basis of experiments involving eighteen elderly drivers. All the drivers could steer their respective vehicles to the target parking space without swerving. Thus, the proposed HMI was confirmed to be useful instructions to elderly drivers in this road-side parking assistance system.

Trajectory-Based Algorithm for the Quantitative Evaluation of Automatically Steered Vehicles

During the last ten years, automatic guidance systems have become more common in agricultural vehicles. However, users of auto-guided systems can be confused by the growing variety of options commercially available, as well as by the guidance accuracies advertised by different manufacturers. This work proposes an algorithm to evaluate the performance of auto-steered machines for any kind of vehicle and any type of guidance system in the general case of straight row and curved row guidance. The core of the algorithm is based on the comparison of two trajectories: reference course and actual path. The algorithm searches in a neighboring area for the reference points and calculates the deviations. Statistical analysis of the errors provides quantitative information to evaluate the behavior of auto-steered vehicles. The advantage of this technique rests on its independence of regression methods and its immunity to outliers. This methodology was applied to an automatically guided self-propelled forage harvester at both low-speed and high-speed guidance. Results are presented, and when compared to those obtained applying conventional linear regression, they show a slighter impact of outliers and a more efficient procedure and data management.

Influence of die guidance systems on the angular deflection of press slide and die under eccentric loading

In sheet metal working of large automobile parts, for the alignment of the upper and lower dies two types of guidance systems are used, namely the pillar guides and the heel block guides. The objective of the project is the determination of the angular deflection, the lateral offset and the angular spring constant of the die guidance systems with regard to the performance of the press slide under central and eccentric loading. The results of the experiments reveal that the heel blocks with brass plates produce optimal improvement with regard to die and slide tilting and lateral offset. The use of a combination of heel block guides and pillar guides produces only a small increase of angular stiffness.

THE FRACTION OF CLOSE BINARIES AMONG HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE GUIDE STARS - OPERATIONAL CONSEQUENCES, WORKAROUNDS, AND SUGGESTIONS FOR DESIGNERS OF FUTURE SPACE OBSERVATORIES

ABSTRACT It is observationally determined that a significant number of guide stars which will be used by the Hubble Space Telescope are close binaries which can prevent a Fine-Guidance-Sensor fine lock. This is because the Fine Guidance Sensors (FGSs) operate as white-light interferometers, and the fringe patterns of binaries will result in a reduction in the loop gain in the FGS control system. Consequently, multiple guide stars must be attempted to ensure a successful acquisition. The limited HST on-board computer memory may restrict the number of guide stars which can be attempted, resulting in a possible loss of several hundred hours per year of observing time. The FGSs of the next-generation (and presumably larger) space-telescopes would be even more susceptible to the binary problem. Other types of guidance systems (such as quadrant detectors) deserve serious consideration for future space observatories.

Smart‐Sex and Proper‐Sex: A Paradigm Found

Fieldwork problems are multiplied with sexual research. A model is presented which identifies the critical issues. Sociocultural processes are shown to be a function of two different types of guidance systems: logical standards and empirical standards. Logical standards (when followed) lead to “proper” behavior; empirical standards (when followed) lead to “smart” behavior. The “smart” versus “proper” conflict must be fully described and analyzed for an adequate ethnographic statement on sexual life. It is also necessary to discuss the hiding processes: the processes which mediate the “smart” versus “proper” conflict.