Types Of Databases Research Articles

Colonial origins and growth of financial markets in Africa: A comparative analysis based on institutions

This paper studies the effect of settlement and mortality on the growth of African financial markets using the mediation of institutions over the period 1996–2017. A comparative result is based on two types of data bases. Firstly, the Acemoglu et al.’s (2001) database and the Albouy's (2006) database. Two samples including 29 for the settler mortality rate and 33 for the settler rate have been chosen. Applying ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, we find that institutions exert a negative and significant influence on financial market growth in African countries where settler mortality rates were high while in countries where settlers settled, the interaction effect of settler sedentarization rate and institutions is positive and significant. These results remain robust to several tests conducted. As a key recommendation, we suggest that African governments put in place new institutional governance policies that take into account the current economic context to further improve the growth of their financial markets.

A State of the Art of Databases to Improve the Storage Efficiency on Cloud Computing

The distributed computing is huge gatherings of remote servers are organized to permit the incorporated information stockpiling. It has the access of computer services, resources and can be classified as public, private and reserved. In this study, we explored various types of Data bases used in cloud computing with respect to the category of Knowledge database, XML database, Online databases and Real-Time databases to improve the storage and data efficacy.

Study on Genome Sequence of Novel Corona virus (Sars-Cov-2) Strains in Different Countries

In Present time Novel coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) was the biggest outbreak on human kind. SARS recognized febrile respiratory illness. It was first discovered in southern China in November 2002, and spread all other countries.Now SARS-CoV-2 was also originated from Wuhan, china. It was transmitted from human to human. For developing a molecular diagnostic for 2019-nCoV a PCR detection assay was developed. Sanger, Illumina, and Oxford nanopore techniques are used for sequencing analysis for 2019-nCoV.Based on different types of data base it was concluded that the SARS-CoV-2 was less mutated than other seasonal flu. This study shows the complete genome sequence and characteristic of SAR-CoV-2. SAR-CoV-2 has 29,903 nucleotides in length which is quite similar to others coronavirus. A complete genome sequence of different-different countries was studied.

Ethical Questions for Anatomical Body Programs in an Age of Digital Technology

Digital technology is influencing how many teaching institutions use bodies donated to science, with medical imaging procedures, photographs, 3D printing, and genomic information all being increasingly utilized. The increasing use of digitization raises new ethical considerations about how such bodies are used. Elements of information acquisition and communication that were not previously relevant, including ease of data sharing, size and type of data bases, authorization of information transfer, commercialization of information, and incidental findings arising from exome analysis, must now be considered. At present there is a lack of empirical evidence to guide appropriate utilization of this digital information including how acquisition, utilization, distribution, and destruction of such data should take place. The increasing use of digital technology with bodies donated to science raises questions on the nature of informed consent in a digital age, how family involvement in consent processes should be shaped, about anonymity and information sharing, and how potential commercialization of data should be addressed to facilitate the additional benefits such technology may bring to anatomical education.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

An Efficient Mining Algorithm for Determining Related Item Sets using Classification and Association Rules

In the present days, data mining is the advanced research area because it is one of the important step in the knowledge discovery process. This paper presents an experimental study of finding the frequent item sets by classifying the data base transactions into classes by using Decision tree induction based classification and applying Frequent-Pattern (FP) growth on the classes. First, data base transactions are preprocessed by using the pre-processing techniques and those are classified into classes based on information gain. After classifying the transactions into classes, we applied the FP growth algorithm to obtain the frequent or related item sets. This proposed technique is also suitable for heterogeneous data bases. We examined this technique on different types of data bases and by using this technique it have given the accuracy of 96%

SysPTM: A Systematic Resource for Proteomic Research on Post-translational Modifications

With the rapid expansion of protein post-translational modification (PTM) research based on large-scale proteomic work, there is an increasing demand for a suitable repository to analyze PTM data. Here we present a curated, web-accessible PTM data base, SysPTM. SysPTM provides a systematic and sophisticated platform for proteomic PTM research equipped not only with a knowledge base of manually curated multi-type modification data but also with four fully developed, in-depth data mining tools. Currently, SysPTM contains data detailing 117,349 experimentally determined PTM sites on 33,421 proteins involving nearly 50 PTM types, curated from public resources including five data bases and four web servers and more than one hundred peer-reviewed mass spectrometry papers. Protein annotations including Pfam domains, KEGG pathways, GO functional classification, and ortholog groups are integrated into the data base. Four online tools have been developed and incorporated, including PTMBlast, to compare a user's PTM dataset with PTM data in SysPTM; PTMPathway, to map PTM proteins to KEGG pathways; PTMPhylog, to discover potentially conserved PTM sites; and PTMCluster, to find clusters of multi-site modifications. The workflow of SysPTM was demonstrated by analyzing an in-house phosphorylation dataset identified by MS/MS. It is shown that in SysPTM, the role of single-type and multi-type modifications can be systematically investigated in a full biological context. SysPTM could be an important contribution to modificomics research. SysPTM is freely available online at www.sysbio.ac.cn/SysPTM.

Turbidite systems: State of the art and future directions

The study of turbidite systems covering a wide range of physical scales has led to confusion regarding the use of certain key terms and hence a breakdown in communication between workers involved in turbidite research. There are three fundamentally different scales and types of observations derived from the study of outcrop data (ancient systems), high‐resolution seismic reflection and side scan sonar data (modern systems), and multichannel seismic reflection data (modern and older buried systems). Despite the variability of scale the same terms are used to describe features that may have little in common. Consequently, turbidite system terminology has become imprecise and even misleading in some cases, thus providing impediments to developing useful predictive models for processes, depositional environments, and lateral and vertical distribution of sand bodies within turbidite systems. To address this concern, we review the principal elements critical to deepwater systems: slump scars, submarine canyons, channels, channel fill deposits, overbank deposits, and lobes and discuss some of their recognition criteria with each different type of data base. Local and regional tectonic setting, relative sea level variations, and bottom current activity are probably the main factors that control size, external geometry, internal stratal configuration, and facies characteristics of both modern and ancient turbidite systems. These factors ultimately control the timing and bounding characteristics between stages of growth of deepwater systems. If comparison of elements from different turbidite deposits using various data types is carried out at similar physical and temporal scales, predictive models eventually may be improved.

An application of the nested multinomial logit model to enrollment choice behavior

Data bases containing information on the socioeconomic characteristics and post-high school activities of large numbers of young people are commonly used in enrollment demand studies. While researchers almost always use the multinomial logit approach to obtain estimates of the effects of the independent variables in this context, this technique has a potentially serious limitation. This study presents an alternative to multinomial logit and contrasts estimated results from the two approaches using data on 446 high-school graduates in a midwestern state. The results are different enough to suggest that researchers should explore alternatives to multinomial logit when using this type of data base.

On-Line Information Systems for the Environmental Sciences

On-line systems are available to assist engineers and scientists in the retrieval and acquisition of technical information. This paper reviews the on-line data bases and related information services in the environmental sciences. The different types of data bases (bibliographic, numeric, and full text), the information they contain, and their potential value to researchers are described.

Secondary data analysis--a new approach to nursing research.

AbstractSecondary data analysis as a method of conducting research is rarely used by nurse researchers. This may be the result of several factors: the inclination by nurse researchers to conduct original research, limited access to clinical data bases, and the lack of attention in nursing literature given to secondary analysis as a valid mode of inquiry. However, when data resources are available, secondary analysis represents a potentially efficient and cost effective method of research for both students and more advanced investigators. When pursued by advanced investigators, secondary analysis can strengthen scientific collegiality among nurse researchers and enlarge the existing knowledge base in given areas. This paper reviews briefly ways to conduct secondary analysis, its advantages and disadvantages, and the types of data bases that are available to nurse researchers.

A pictorial query language for use with any data base

The query language discussed can be used with any type of data base and requires neither familiarity with formal logic nor knowledge of the data-base organization. The system is illustrated by creating a data base for the Lactobacillus hierarchy from a reference manual.

SCS URBAN CURVE NUMBERS FROM A LANDSAT DATA BASE1

ABSTRACTEstimating the Curve Numbers used in the Soil Conservation Service hydrologic models is a tedious and costly task. Recent advances in remote sensing and data processing have led to the development of readily available land cover data bases for many areas of the United States. This study evaluated the potential of using a Landsat data base to make the Curve Number estimation process more cost‐effective and less tedious. Ten watersheds in the Washington, D.C., area were evaluated using a Landsat land cover data base developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Results showed that these data can be useful. Predictions can be improved if ancillary data on residential lot size are included. It was concluded that this type of data base must be examined carefully before implementation.

Types, algebras and modeling

Programming languages, database systems and artificial intelligence systems all have the notion that entities can be classified into types . As might be expected, however, the usage of the notion of type is not the same throughout or even within these areas. In this paper, I propose a notion of typing that is derived from work on programming languages and indicate how this notion might be used in the context of database systems. Thus, the paper is a step toward unifying the notions of type in data-bases and programming languages.

Types, algebras and modeling

Programming languages, database systems and artificial intelligence systems all have the notion that entities can be classified into types . As might be expected, however, the usage of the notion of type is not the same throughout or even within these areas. In this paper, I propose a notion of typing that is derived from work on programming languages and indicate how this notion might be used in the context of database systems. Thus, the paper is a step toward unifying the notions of type in data-bases and programming languages.

Types, algebras and modeling

Programming languages, database systems and artificial intelligence systems all have the notion that entities can be classified into types . As might be expected, however, the usage of the notion of type is not the same throughout or even within these areas. In this paper, I propose a notion of typing that is derived from work on programming languages and indicate how this notion might be used in the context of database systems. Thus, the paper is a step toward unifying the notions of type in data-bases and programming languages.

Nonbibliographic on‐line data base services

AbstractOver 400 data bases are available on‐line, and the majority of these are nonbibliographic. The nonbibliographic area encompasses a number of different types of data bases, including referral, numeric, textual‐numeric, chemical and physical properties, and full‐text. The growth in nonbibliographic data base services has been not nearly as visible to information specialists as the growth in bibliographic on‐line data base services. One reason for this is that the services are primarily being marketed to and used by end users, with libraries and information centers largely being bypassed. Some nonbibliographic data base systems are end‐user oriented, but there are many others that need to be studied for their possible applications in improving and extending traditional reference and other library and information services.

Experimental Evidence on Combining Cross-Section and Time Series Information

IN recent years several research studies have used a data base consisting of a time series of cross-section samples. A primary reason is that panel data of this type are potentially richer in information than a single cross-section sample. To date, however, the question of how to best analyze data bases of this type has not been fully explored in any of the research. To illustrate, a number of prior research projects which have utilized this type of data base are briefly reviewed. Hoch (1962) used moving cross-section samples as the data base for estimating the parameters of a CobbDouglas production function by analysis of covariance. Specifically the data were collected on 63 Minnesota farms for the years 1946 to 1951. Hoch reported an observed difference between the least squares parameter estimates and covariance estimates and the elasticities developed from these estimates. In terms of method, the major conclusion was that the covariance model might produce less biased elasticities and marginal return estimates. Massy and Frank (1965) investigated the relationship between price changes and dealing activities on a -firm's market share for frequently purchased household and food products. Panel data covering a 101-week time period of family purchase history provided the data base for the study. However, the data were aggregated so no methodological insight could be inferred concerning the question of analyzing time series of cross-section data. Laughhunn and Lyon (1971) applied Bayesian regression in analyzing a time series of cross-section cigarette consumption data using the Tiao and Zellner (1964) approximation method. The primary methodological issue in this research was to observe differences that might exist between classical pooling and the Bayesian regression technique. Comparison of the two techniques revealed very little difference between either parameter estimates or standard errors. Schipper (1964) used covariance regression to analyze a series of cross-section samples (19541957) collected by the Survey Research Center, University of Michigan. The central focus of this study was to analyze consumer discretionary behavior particularly with respect to durable expenditures, short term debt, and discretionary saving. The major methodological finding was that several differences between the covariance regression model and individual cross-section regressions existed. Schipper suggested the individual cross-section analyses might be biased but could not prove this point since he did not use experimental data. Palda and Blair (1970) conducted an analysis of toothpaste demand by using multiple cross sections of data collected by MRCA during the period 1958-1962. One focus of their research was to investigate the potential cross-section specification bias, based on the rationale presented by Simon and Aigner (1970), that can exist because of omitted variables. An interpretation of the results led them to think that the covariance model may reduce the specification bias. This interpretation cannot be considered conclusive since the analysis was not conducted in an experimental framework. Since there is an interest on the part of economic and business researchers to use multiple cross-section sample data, this would appear to be a sufficient reason for evaluating the different methods available for combining and analyzing the samples. Earlier work in this area includes studies by Nerlove (1967, 1968). He assumed models of the form Yit = aYit-l + Uit and Yit = aYit-l + 1-Xit + Uit respectively with Uit = yi + Vit with yi and Vit uncorrelated where =o-2 = 2 +or2. The estimation methods used were OLS, generalized least squares utilizing known p (p = o-A2/o-X2) analysis-of-covariance estimates with cross-sectional effects only, two-round estimates based on an estimated value of p, and maximum likelihood estimates. Generally, Nerlove's findings indicated that generalized least squares (if p is known) produces good esti-