Clinoptilolite Type Research Articles

Drying and Purification of Natural Gas on Modified Clinoptilolite Type Zeolite by Adsorption Method

Drying and Purification of Natural Gas on Modified Clinoptilolite Type Zeolite by Adsorption Method

Kinetic and Isotherm Studies for Cu2+ and Cs+ Uptake with Mono- and Bimetallic FeO(OH)-MnOx-Clinoptilolite

This study investigates the adsorption of selected water pollutants, namely caesium and copper, by using natural zeolite of the clinoptilolite type, as well as clinoptilolites coated with MnOx, FeO(OH)-MnOx and FeO(OH). A comprehensive evaluation of these processes was conducted. The kinetics of Cs and Cu adsorption on all examined samples smoothly followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with the liquid film step regarded as the slower step in both cases. The Langmuir isotherm model provided the most accurate description of Cs and Cu adsorption for all examined samples. However, when considering natural clinoptilolite and FeO(OH)-clinoptilolite systems in relation to Cu(II), the Redlich–Peterson model slightly outperformed the Langmuir model. The modification of clinoptilolite with Mn and Fe oxyhydroxides did not significantly enhance the removal efficiency of Cs compared to the unmodified sample. In contrast, the adsorption capacity, especially for MnOx-clinoptilolite, increased fourfold for Cu and other tested cations such as Pb and Zn, indicating improved efficiency in these cases.

Assessment of a new rigid wall permeameter for the slurry like barrier materials: zeolite example

Areas vulnerable to catastrophic disasters such as hurricane, landslide and earthquake require ready and sustainable solutions for the post-pollution scenarios. Clinoptilolite type zeolite re- sources of Türkiye can serve economical and sustainable solutions as a quick response. While the studies on compacted zeolite-bentonite mixture at optimum water content for the landfill liners applications or dry zeolite-sand mixtures in permeable reactive barrier (PRB)s are com- mon, the slurry form of zeolite emplacement at subsurface reactive barriers has not received an attention by the researchers. In this context, this experimental study presents the prelimi- nary findings on one-dimensional consolidation and hydraulic conductivity tests performed on crushed zeolite samples S1 and S2 with fine contents of 33 and 84%, respectively. The results indicate that S2 has a higher compression index than S1, without a significant change in swelling index attributed to less than 4% clay contents. A self-designed rigid wall type per- meameter was used to study on reconstituted slurry like materials under the benefit of back pressure saturation without the consolidation during testing that encountered in flexible wall permeameter. Falling head – rising tail water procedure was adopted under the back pressure in between 200 and 700 kN/m2. S2 samples reconstituted under 25, 50, 100 and 200 kN/m2 show a gradual decrease in kv from 3×10-8 to 2×10-9 m/s. Previous observations on the sample of S1 revealed 8 times higher kv values under the same σv'. Since the fine content of zeolite limits kv, the proposed permeameter will be beneficial to determine the proper grain size dis- tribution of fill materials considering the barrier height and in-situ stress conditions before the environmental studies with leachate.

Natural zeolite activation using chloride acid (HCl) for methylene blue adsorbent

Dye waste produced from the textile industry is an organic compound that is difficult to decompose, dangerous, and can pollute the aquatic environment. On the other hand, the textile industry has also had a major impact on 20% of global wastewater pollution. One of the wastes generated is methylene blue. As a step in overcoming these problems, an effective and economical waste treatment method is needed, such as the adsorption method. This research was conducted by utilizing natural zeolite clinoptilolite type as an adsorbent for methylene blue using hydrochloric acid (HCl) through two processes, namely zeolite activation and adsorption of methylene blue waste by varying the adsorption time. The result shows that the activated zeolite can adsorb methylene blue in solution. The activation process strongly determined the capability of zeolite to adsorb the methylene blue. From our research, we obtained zeolite activated with 0.1 M HCl has the highest capability as methylene blue adsorption.

The effects of clinoptilolite type of zeolite and synthesised zeolite-enriched fertilizer on yield parameters of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plant and some chemical properties in dark chestnut soil

Zeolites have been used in agriculture since the 1960s, due to the effectiveness of these crystalline microporous solids as soil amendments for plant growth, their cation exchange capacity (CEC) and slow-release fertilizer properties. Most work on slow-release fertilizers has focused on natural Clinoptilolite, Phillipsite and Chabazite. The aim of this study was to synthesize clinoptilolite type of zeolite-enriched fertilizer study their effectiveness as soil amendments. Greenhouse experiments were performed to study the effects of clinoptilolite type of zeolite, synthesised zeolite-enriched ammophos fertilizer and ammophos fertilizer (12% N, 52% P2O5) on yield parameters of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plant and some chemical properties in dark chestnut soil. According to greenhouse experiment results, there were significant differences among the treatments in relation to yield parameters (weight of one cucumber, shoot length, number of leaves, area of 10 leaves, number of fruits and fruit weight per plant) of cucumber and available nutrient contents of soil. It was determined that the yield parameters of cucumber plant, available nutrient contents (N, P and K) and cation exchange capacity were increased the most by synthesised zeolite-enriched fertilizer application.

A potential remediation of chromium (VI) containing aqueous media onto surface-treated clinoptilolite vs. brief evaluation of other natural materials

A broad range of various natural and commercial adsorption materials and waste products was examined in order to verify the removal of commonly occurring cationic, anionic and some organic pollutants and briefly to compare each other. The inland natural zeolites of clinoptilolite type and its surface-treated modifications were used too. Actually, untreated clinoptilolite can compete with other natural materials or even waste products, occurring in the markets of many countries at very low prices. Industrial adsorbents are usually characterized with a high surface area, mechanical stability and uniformly accessible and interlinked pores. Abundantly occurring clinoptilolite tuffs, the Slovak one used in this research, possess the necessary interparticle mesoporosity. Moreover it is a natural cost-effective resource. The most extensive uptake of the studied chromate oxyanions at laboratory measure was observed by montmorillonite (142.86 mg/g), probably based on the large interplanar dimensions of this microcrystallite. The octadecyl ammonium hydrophobized i.e. ODA-clinoptilolite approached the second highest adsorption capacity to chromate (64.93 mg/g), while the MnOx-zeolite (clinoptilolite) proved the lowest adsorption ability (12.99 mg/g). Almost for all the systems studied, the Langmuir isotherm fitted better for mathematical description of the above adsorption process. From the breakthrough curves recorded, the Pb – and ODA – clinoptilolite packed column quantitatively removed chromate anion from the solution, apparently more efficiently using the lower flow rate.

PREPARATION OF SILVER-CONTAINING NATURAL ZEOLITES WITH IMPROVED POROUS CHARACTERISTICS AS SORBENTS FOR WATER PURIFICATION

The widespread application of Ukrainian natural zeolites in sorption and catalysis is limited by the shortcomings of their porous structure. Chemical modification of zeolites permits significant changes in their properties. The purpose of this work was to obtain silver-containing natural zeolites of the clinoptilolite type with improved porous characteristics by acid treatment and to study their antibacterial properties. Mild dealumination of the rock was carried out using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 15 hours at 90 °C, which significantly increased the specific surface area of the clinoptilolite sample to 90 m2/g, and the volume of micropores to 0.037 cm3/g, determined by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption. An establishment of a change in the chemical composition of the sample during processing by X-ray fluorescence analysis was made. Additional modification with silver in the amount of 1 wt % was carried out by impregnation with a solution of silver nitrate. The water of three lakes in Kyiv was studied for the total viable count by means of sowing in nutrient agar. The results were analyzed and a sample of water was selected to evaluate the effectiveness of the synthesized sorbent. The antibacterial properties of zeolite were confirmed with the worst of the water samples, the quality of which, in terms of the total viable count, was improved not only to the norms of surface water but also to the indicators for drinking water.

Performance Enhancement of Specific Adsorbents for Hardness Reduction of Drinking Water and Groundwater

One of the most advantageous methods for lowering water hardness is the use of low-cost adsorbents. In this research, the effectiveness of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite type), activated carbon, and activated alumina was evaluated. These adsorbents were sequentially modified by NaCl, HCl, and NaCl-HCL to improve their ability to adsorb. The contact time and the amount of adsorbent used in the adsorption process were investigated experimentally to determine their effects. The results indicated that the best contact time for hardness reduction was 90 min, and the best concentrations of adsorbents in drinking water for zeolite, activated carbon, and activated alumina were 40, 60, and 60 g/L, respectively. In addition, for groundwater, these figures were 60, 40, and 40 g/L, respectively. The greatest possible decreases in total hardness under the best conditions by natural zeolite, activated carbon, and activated alumina adsorbents were 93.07%, 30.76%, and 56.92%, respectively, for drinking water and 59.23%, 15.67 %, and 39.72% for groundwater. According to the results obtained from experiments, NaCl-modified zeolite, natural zeolite, and NaCl-HCl-modified activated carbon performed better in terms of parameter reduction. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model, whereas the kinetic data for the adsorption process were consistent with the pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium study of the adsorption process by the Morris–Weber model revealed that both chemical and physical adsorption are involved.

Leaf Eco-Physiological Profile and Berries Technological Traits on Potted Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot Noir Subordinated to Zeolite Treatments under Drought Stress.

In Mediterranean areas, extreme weather conditions such as high diurnal temperatures during the growing season could tweak vine physiology and metabolism, affecting grapes’ quality. Moreover, uncertainty in spatial and temporal distribution precipitation is an issue for the water resources of the vineyards, forcing the winemakers to continuously face an increasing water demand in recent decades, which has led them to non-sustainable choices for ambient (i.e., irrigation solutions). The aspiration of this experiment was to explore the effects of zeolite treatments (clinoptilolite type) on Vitis vinifera L. (potted vines) ecophysiology and berry metabolism under two water regimes. The plants were subordinated to two different predawn water potential regimes (0 ≤ ΨPD ≤ −0.4, WWCtrl and −0.4 ≤ ΨPD ≤ −0.9, WSCtrl), both associated with zeolite treatments (WWt and WSt). Gas exchanges, predawn and midday stem water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence, temperature, and relative water content were overseen on leaves at veraison, maturation, and harvest. Technological analyses were performed on the berries. Moreover, data were analyzed with principal component analysis and Pearson’s correlations. This experiment supplies new evidence that zeolite applications could impact both physiological profiles (higher photosynthesis and stomatal conductance) as well as berry skin metabolism (sugar and size) of vines, giving a better skill to counteract low water availability during the season and maintaining a better hydraulic conductivity.

Evaluation of the Adsorptive Potential of Zeolite Volcanic Tuff in Single and Binary Aqueous Solutions of the Basic Blue 41 Cationic Dye

AbstractA volcanic tuff of clinoptilolite type has been assessed in regards to its efficiency on Basic Blue 41 (BB‐41) cationic dye removal from aqueous solutions. Optimal working conditions were established by considering influences of the particle sizes, initial pH, dye concentration, contact time, and temperature. Tuff samples have been characterized by using SEM/EDX, FT‐IR, and N2 gas adsorption‐desorption techniques. Experimental data at equilibrium showed a better fitting of adsorption kinetics on pseudo‐second‐order and Langmuir models, whereas the thermodynamic parameters indicate an endothermic spontaneous process. Tuff particles of 47 μm medium sizes, which own the highest zeolite content, were found to be the most suitable for practical use as adsorbents, attaining a maximum adsorptive capacity of 123.5 mg g−1 pure dye at 323 K, equivalent to 303 mg g−1 commercial product containing 40 % dye. A potential interference involving the retention pattern was furthermore evaluated within binary systems with other two cationic dyes, Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene Blue (MB). The adsorbent shows a relevant selectivity towards BB‐41, influenced by commercial dye additives, structural configuration, molecular size, and contact time, with the 99.7 % dye removal efficiency at 24 hours only slightly depressed in binary systems with RhB ‐ 97.4 %, respective MB ‐ 90.2 %. This study confirmed the tuff particles as efficient adsorbents for the treatment of textile wastewater effluents.

Influence of experimental conditions to obtain silver-modified zeolite-rich tuffs on the antimicrobial activity for Escherichia coli suspended in aqueous media

The conditioning parameters used to obtain silver-modified clinoptilolite-rich tuffs and the characterization as well as the bactericidal activity behavior of these zeolitic materials were investigated, choosing Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) as an indicator of fecal contamination of water. Natural zeolites (clinoptilolite type) with a grain size between 1.68–1.41 and 0.71–0.60 mm were conditioned with 0.01, 0.1 and 0.3 M silver nitrate (AgNO3) solutions at room temperature in static contact or under reflux, manipulated in darkness or visible light and reduced by exposure to γ-irradiation or contact with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) was also considered. The experimental data were fitted to Chick’s model to estimate the disinfection kinetics and to Higuchi’s model to evaluate the release of silver (Ag) from the modified zeolitic materials. The results showed the presence of Ag in different chemical species, Ag＋ and nanoparticles of silver (NpsAg) in the zeolite crystalline network, and their concentrations were variable. It was found that the Escherichia coli inhibition rate depends on Ag release from the silver-modified zeolite-rich tuffs, which is related to the sites that are occupied by the metallic ion in the zeolite network. In general, the silver-modified zeolite-rich tuffs conditioned at room temperature in static contact presented the highest bacterial inhibition rate. Under these experimental conditions the total mortality of Escherichia coli was observed in a shorter time compared with that of the other silver-modified zeolitic materials.

A potential refinement of water endangered with Zn-65 onto modified zeolite

The recently synthesized mono- and bimetallic Fe and Mn oxides supported zeolite of clinoptilolite type, characterized with FT-IR, XRD, SEM–EDS and XPS spectroscopy, confirmed the occurrence of a new MnO2 phase (pyrolusite, birnessite) including mostly amorphous iron oxi(hydr)oxide FeO(OH) species on the surface. The product validated a much higher adsorption capacity toward Zn-65 pollutant compared to the natural clinoptilolite. The following order, beginning with a decreasing maximum adsorption capacity a(max) toward Zn-65 was found: MnOx-zeolite (35.1 mg/g) > FeO(OH)-MnOx-zeolite (23.5 mg/g) > FeO(OH)-zeolite (12.9 mg/g) > natural zeolite (8 mg/g).

Co-pirólisis de biomasa lignocelulósica y residuos plásticos para producir biocombustibles sustentables

En este trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos de la co-pirólisis térmica y catalítica de biomasa proveniente de la cáscara de maní (B) y residuos plásticos del tipo polietileno (PE). Los catalizadores empelados son zeolitas naturales del tipo Clinoptilolita (ZN) obtenidas de la región de San Juan-Argentina, las cuales han sido modificadas mediante tratamientos térmicos e incorporación de zinc. Los materiales catalíticos empleados fueron caracterizados por XRD, área superficial por método BET y acidez por FTIR de piridina adsorbida y desorbida a 150°C. Los ensayos de pirólisis fueron realizados en un reactor tubular de lecho fijo que operó a presión atmosférica y 550°C por 20 min. Con respecto a la reacción puramente térmica, la adición de PE produjo una disminución del 25% de componentes orgánicos oxigenados y su correspondiente aumento a productos del tipo hidrocarburos. Se pudo observar que el empleo de las zeolitas naturales mejoró la calidad del bio-oil obtenido; siendo la zeolita modificada con zinc (Zn-ZN) la que produjo la mayor desoxigenación.

Regression models of zinc ion adsorption from aqueous solutions on zeolite from Kholinski deposit, modified with with a sulphur-containing polymer

This article presents regression analysis results of experimental data obtained from a study of the sorption of zinc ions from standardised aqueous solutions using zeolite (clinoptilolite type, Kholinski deposit) modified with a sulphur-containing polymer. Differences in the IR spectra of the modified zeolite were registered before and after sorption of Zn 2+ from an aqueous solution. The effect of the following technological parameters on the adsorption capacity of the modified zeolite was studied: pH, initial concentration of Zn ions in solution, temperature and sorption time of the studied zinc ion extraction. It was shown that the adsorption activity of the modified zeolite of the Kholinsky deposit cannot be approximated by the classical Freundlich and Langmuir equations, since the Zn (II) ion sorption mechanism is complexly coordinated. It was found that the Freundlich equation describes only 40% of the experimental data on the adsorption of zinc ions by a modified zeolite, while the Langmuir equation describes 71%. Accordingly, regression analysis was used to process the measurement results. The found nonlinear regression models reliably describe the observed patterns of sorption and desorption. Kinetic curves of the solution at different temperature conditions are described by exponential models. Adsorption activity toward zinc ions of activated carbon-, as well as natural- and modified-zeolite sorbents was studied. The comparison revealed significant advantages on the part of the modified zeolite: modification of the zeolite surface with a sulphur-containing polymer made it possible to increase its sorption ability by 4.5 times compared to natural zeolite and 9 times compared to activated carbon.

Моделирование процесса адсорбции в системе жидкость – твердое тело: регрессионный анализ извлечения меди из водных растворов цеолитом Холинского месторождения, модифицированным серосодержащим полимером

This article describes the formation of an effective sorbent for heavy metal ions by modifying natural zeolite (clinoptilolite type, Kholinskoye deposit). The modification was carried out by applying the network of a sulphur-containing polymer on the zeolite surface. For the formation of a polymer network, elemental sulphur was dissolved in the hydrasine hydrate–monoethanolamine system to generate polysulphide anions (in particular, S2 2- ). During the contact of the obtained sulphur solution with zeolite, polysulphide anions and the monoethanolamine entering the zeolite pores were concentrated on the surface. Further polycondensation of S2 2- anions with 1,2,3-trichloropropane (epichlorohydrine production waste) resulted in the formation of a reticulated sulphur-containing polymer covering the zeolite surface. Such a sorbent provides immediate solution to the problems concerned with utilisation of organochlorine wastes and purification of technological media containing heavy metals. Extraction of metals by the obtained sorbent was studied using model solutions with a metal concentration of 5000 mg/L. Encouraging results were obtained for five metals. Detailed information on the extraction of copper ions from aqueous solutions is presented. Experimental data was obtained on the effect of pH on the sorption efficiency of copper ions, as well as on the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of adsorption under static and dynamic conditions. The complex coordination mechanism of Cu (II) sorption by modified zeolite was confirmed using IR-spectroscopy. Since the thermodynamic and kinetic dependencies frequently deviate from the classical laws during sorption by the complex coordination mechanism, regression analysis was used to process the experimental data. As the result, nonlinear models were obtained fairly accurately describing experimental data on the extraction of copper ions by modified zeolite. The obtained regression models can be applied in further research of the new sorbent and in designing installations for extracting copper compounds from technological media.

Natural zeolite for adsorbing and release of functional materials.

Using multiphoton microscopy (MPM), we demonstrated that effective inducing of two-photon excited luminescence and second-harmonic generation signals in nano/microparticles of clinoptilolite type of zeolite (CZ) by femtosecond near-infrared laser excitation can be successfully utilized in multiphoton imaging of the drug adsorption processes. Adsorption of photodynamic active dyes (hypericin, chlorin e6, methylene blue, and fluorescein) and their release from CZ pores in the presence of biomolecules, such as collagen from bovine Achilles tendon, albumin, and hemoglobin, were investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectrometry. To quantify the experimental results on hypericin release, here we use a kinetic curves fitting approach and calculate hypericin release rates in different environments. This approach allows to compare various mathematical models and uses more parameters to better characterize drug release profiles. In addition, magnetic CZ particles were fabricated and proposed as a promising material for drug delivery and controlled release in biological systems. Optical spectrometry and MPM are effective approaches that may reveal potential of natural zeolites in controlled drug delivery and biomedical imaging.

Investigation of Taguchi optimization, equilibrium isotherms, and kinetic modeling for phosphorus adsorption onto natural zeolite of clinoptilolite type

Adsorption process plays an important role in the removal of phosphorus from aqueous solutions. A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus onto natural zeolite and to find out the relative importance of some controllable treatments in phosphorus adsorption process using the Taguchi optimization methodology. Results showed that the adsorption of phosphorus in the presence of Fe3+ and Al3+ was higher than that in the absence of these two cations probably due to the adsorption of phosphorus-bearing anions on opposite charges of these cations. Also, increase in contact time tended phosphorus adsorption to be increased. The addition of base and acid treatments caused an increase and a decrease, respectively, on phosphorus adsorption. The order of effectiveness of treatments on the values of phosphorus adsorption was as follows: acid/base treatment >sorbent to sorbate ratio > modification with aluminium (Al)/iron (Fe) >contact time >phosphorus concentration. Phosphorus adsorption data well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The pseudo-second order was the best model describing phosphorus adsorption kinetics. According to the results reported herein, it is assumed that the main mechanism controlling phosphorus adsorption onto natural zeolite is chemisorption.

Optimizing production of biodiesel catalysed by chemically tuned natural zeolites

The twin crises of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation coupled with their unpredictable prices is a reality. Biodiesel is a promising, viable and environmentally friendly alternative. However, production of biodiesel from agro-based oils has challenges such as high cost of catalysts. The use of heterogeneous catalysts such as zeolites is more promising. Synthetic and natural zeolites are potentially viable catalysts though the latter belongs to less effective class of zeolites. Here, an environmentally sustainable, cheaper and easily available alternative natural zeolite from Kenya (NZK) is presented. Cation exchange into the zeolite improves its catalysis. The NZK was characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy as belonging to clinoptilolite type. The iodine value, viscosity, cloud point, specific density and acid value were among parameters used to identify the biodiesel produced. A successful optimization order of Na-NZK>Cu-NZK>Pb–NZK in transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil to biodiesel was obtained.

Investigation of Ammonium Saturation and Desorption Conditions of Clinoptilolite Type Zeolite in Aquarium Conditions

In this research, it was aimed to determine the adsorption, saturation reaching and desorption effects of ammonium, which is one of the parameters that should be kept in control for aquarium life, by clinoptilolite type zeolite which is a natural filtration material. In the aquarium water, Z1: 20 mg/l TAN and Z2: 40 mg/l TAN concentrations were determined to have adsorption up to Z1: 10 mg/l TAN and Z2: 24 mg/l TAN concentration at the end of the experiment period. After this phase, where zeolites had reached saturation, desorption system was created, and 2 groups were formed with 5-liter research aquariums and 3 repetitions. During the five-days test, water parameters were determined daily and at the same time of day (10.00). At the beginning of the experiment, mean values of 0.4 ± 0.00 mg / l TAN in Z1 and Z2 groups were determined at the end of the experiment as 1.55 ± 0.176 mg/l (15.5%) and 2.153 ± 0.27 mg/l (13.5%) TAN in Z1 and Z2 groups, respectively. When the data obtained in this study were evaluated, zeolite was determined to make desorption periodically in proportion with the amount of retained ammonium, when it reached the saturation. In intensive aquaculture systems or aquarium conditions, recondition of zeolite for necessary periods is recommended to be performed by considering these data.

Valorisation of N and P from waste water by using natural reactive hybrid sorbents: Nutrients (N,P,K) release evaluation in amended soils by dynamic experiments

The removal of nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P)) from waste water has become a resource recovery option in recent regulations worldwide, as observed in the European Union. Although both of these nutrients could be recovered from the sludge line, >70–75% of the N and P is discharged into the water line. Efforts to improve the nutrient recovery ratios have focused on developing low-cost technologies that use sorption processes. In this study, a natural zeolite (clinoptilolite type) in its potassium (K) form was impregnated with hydrated metal oxides and used to prepare natural hybrid reactive sorbents (HRS) for the simultaneous recovery of ammonium (NH4+) and phosphate (PO43−) from treated urban waste water. Three unfertile soils (e.g., one acidic and two basic) amended with N-P-K charged HRS were leached with deionized water (e.g. to simulate infiltration in the field) at two- and three-day time intervals over 15 different leaching cycles (equivalent to 15 bed volumes). The N-P-K leaching profiles for the three charged hybrid sorbents exhibited continuous nutrient release, with their values dependent on the composition of minerals in the soils. In the basic soil that is rich in illite and calcite, the release of potassium (K+) and ammonium (NH4+) is favoured by-ion exchange with calcium (Ca2+) and accordingly diminishes the release of phosphate (PO43−) due to its limited solubility in saturated calcite solutions (pH8 to 9). The opposite is true for sandy soils that are rich in albite (both acidic and basic), whereas the release of NH4+ and K+ was limited and the values of both ions measured in the leaching solutions were below 1mg/L. Their leaching solutions were poor in Ca2+, and the release of PO43− was higher (up to 12mgP-PO43−/L). The nutrient releases necessary for plant growth were provided continuously and were controlled primarily by the soil mineral dissolution rates fixing the soil aqueous solution composition (e.g. pH and ionic composition; in particular, the presence of calcite is a determinant for nutrient release, especially in alkaline soils). The N-P-K charged HRS sorbents that were used for soil amendment may be an alternative for avoiding nutrient leaching and reaching the goals of soil sustainability in agriculture and reducing the nutrient overloading of surface waters.