Types Of Wireless Communication Research Articles

Advanced adaptive cruise control and vehicle to vehicle communication using LiDAR

The ACC system is a type of driving assistance that helps reduce the burden on a driver. It operates by controlling the vehicle's acceleration and deceleration to maintain a certain speed or avoid a collision. In order to improve the accuracy of its operation, this paper proposes a method that uses radar to detect the presence of the preceding vehicle. It also takes into account the vehicle sideslip angle and the distance between the two vehicles. The proposed method can help improve the driving stability. In addition, we are currently using the vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology in our system. This type of inter-vehicle communication is not widely used yet and is a new paradigm in the field of communication. One of the main advantages of this type of communication is that it doesn't rely on third-party networks such as cellular networks. Despite the various advantages of this technology, it still has a long way to go before it can be fully deployed. The increasing number of operators who are interested in this technology has led to the development of more effective and efficient V2V solutions. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the various challenges and benefits of this type of communication. The paper also focuses on the various security issues that are associated with this technology. One of these is the potential interference. This issue can prevent the system from operating efficiently. In order to address this issue, the paper suggests an improved architectural solution that can help prevent this type of interference. The proposed work also proposes a standardized space for the various components of the V2V system. This will allow them to easily integrate into the system. Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication is a type of wireless communication that is designed to allow cars to talk to one another.

Exploring Barriers to the Adoption of Internet of Things-Based Precision Agriculture Practices

The production of row crops in the Midwestern (Indiana) region of the US has been facing environmental and economic sustainability issues. There has been an increase in trend for the application of fertilizers (nitrogen & phosphorus), farm machinery fuel costs and decreasing labor productivity leading to non-optimized usage of farm inputs. Literature describes how sustainable practices such as profitability (return on investments), operational cost reduction, hazardous waste reduction, delivery performance and overall productivity might be adopted in the context of precision agriculture technologies (variable rate irrigation, variable rate fertilization, cloud-based analytics, and telematics for farm machinery navigation). The literature review describes low adoption of Internet of Things (IoT)-based precision agriculture technologies, such as variable rate fertilizer (39%), variable rate pesticide (8%), variable rate irrigation (4%), cloud-based data analytics (21%) and telematics (10%) amongst Midwestern row crop producers. Barriers to the adoption of IoT-based precision agriculture technologies cited in the literature include cost effectiveness, power requirements, wireless communication range, data latency, data scalability, data storage, data processing and data interoperability. Therefore, this study focused on exploring and understanding decision-making variables related to barriers through three focus group interview sessions conducted with eighteen (n = 18) subject matter experts (SME) in IoT- based precision agriculture practices. Dependency relationships described between cost, data latency, data scalability, power consumption, communication range, type of wireless communication and precision agriculture application is one of the main findings. The results might inform precision agriculture practitioners, producers and other stakeholders about variables related to technical and operational barriers for the adoption of IoT-based precision agriculture practices.

A Review of Different Types of Wireless Communication

A Review of Different Types of Wireless Communication

DTMF Controlled Robot Using Arduino

Abstract: In this paper, we will control the Robotic car using the Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) technology. DTMF technology is useful technique in the present days. It works on the methods digital signal processing. Wireless control robots will use RF circuit that has many drawbacks like limited working range and limited control. This DTMF will have advantage over the RF; it will increases the range of working and also gives the good results in case of motion and direction of robot using the mobile phone through a micro controller. This type of wireless communication gives an remote handling operation of Robot using the DTMF. An robot is a electro-mechanical machine which has been guided by the computer, Mobile phone or programming, and is able to do the tasks by its own. The Robot Institute of America had defined A robot is an reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator -designed to move material parts, tools , specialized device through a variable programmed motions for an performance of many variety of tasks. Conventionally, wireless controlled robots will uses the RF circuits, which has the drawbacks of limited working of range & frequency range, use of mobile phones can be overcomed by this limitation. Keywords: DTMF, arduino, motor driver, mobile phone.

Cognitive Radio

Day by day, there is increasing demand for high data rates it causes lack of radio spectrum for the new emerging technologies in the area of wireless communications. So, it is, must use spectrum efficiently, i.e. proper spectrum management. Spectrum management is responsible for the spectrum deficiency. In case of spectrum management it is must to accurate determination of the present licensed users. The Cognitive radio is a type of wireless communication. In this a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in active and which is inactive. As soon as it detects an unused channel it instantly move into vacant channels by avoiding busy channels. This results in optimization of the use of available radio-frequency spectrum with minimization of interference to other users. This paper includes the scenarios related to cognitive radio in wireless communication. It also focuses on primary user emulation attack with the maximum likelihood detector for various channels like AWGN, Rayleigh. Various evaluations are carried out to check the performance of cognitive radio with the help of MATLAB.

DTMF BASED CONTROLLED ROBOT VEHICLE

In this paper, we can control the Robot using Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) technology. DTMF technology is most useful technique at present days. It is worked on to methods digital signal processing (DSP). Wireless-control of robots uses RF circuit that has the drawbacks of limited working range and limited control. This DTMF is gives advantage over the RF; it increases the range of working and also gives good results in case of motion and direction of robot using mobile phone through micro controller. This type of wireless communication gives the remote handling operation of Robot using DTMF.

PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS OF COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS USING THE IMPROVED FUZZY LOGIC

The rapid increase in the mobile device and the different types of wireless communication has led to the necessity of the extra spectrum allocation for the proper transmission of the information. Since the additional spectrum allocation for every network involved in the data transmission is a strenuous process, the efficient management of the spectrum allocation is preferred. The cognitive radio technology does a befitting service in the managing the allocation of the spectrum efficiently by providing the vacant spaces of the licensed users to the secondary users and vacating the secondary users when the licensed user request for the spectrum. This results in the deterioration in the performance of the secondary users due to the immediate evacuating. The conventional methods in the deciding the channel switching remains unsuitable for the cognitive radio network, so to have an effective decision on switching and selecting the channel the paper put forth the improved fuzzy logic that relies on the decision (IFDSS-GA) support system to handle both the switching of the channels and genetic algorithm to select the proper spectrum for conveyance. The evaluation of the proposed approach using the network simulator -2 determines the competency the IFDSS in terms of the throughput and switching rate.

Probabilistic and deterministic path selection in cognitive radio network

Cognitive radio (CR) plays an important and promising role in solving wireless spectrum scarcity problems by exploiting wireless spectrum bands that have been underutilised thus far. CR is a type of wireless communication in which wireless devices use environmental sensing to detect and change transmission parameters. The authors propose the probabilistic and deterministic path detection (PDPS) Protocol for CR networks in this study. PDPS aims to increase the probability of finding the path of best quality between any source and any destination. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated by conducting comprehensive simulation scenarios and experiments using a special simulator, which was built using Java. The simulation results highlight the benefits of the proposed path selection technique in comparison to state-of-the-art protocols. Comparisons are carried out using several performance metrics; namely throughput, stability and end-to-end delay.

Intelligent Remote Monitoring of Parking Spaces Using Licensed and Unlicensed Wireless Technologies

Short- and long-range wireless communication is imperative for many remote monitoring applications such as industrial automation, digital health, and smart cities. Remote monitoring is one of the components of complex systems that can be optimized with the use of machine-learning-based techniques. In this article, an intelligent parking system is presented. The system exploits the benefits of a synergy between licensed and unlicensed wireless technologies, IoT, computer vision, and artificial intelligence. We discuss how an end user can interact with the system and manage it with a user interface. The user interface provides a range of dashboard facilities that provide various statistics about car park utilization and optimization facilities. Our proposed solution comprises a range of sensors including high-resolution cameras, which are distributed throughout a car park. The cameras are connected using different types of wireless communication. The data is processed in real time by the sensors and sent to a cloud server, where it is analyzed, stored, and presented to the end user. The object detection, tracking, and optical character recognition system are executed by the vision sensor, which utilizes a combination of convolutional neural networks and a proprietary deep-learning-based object detection algorithm. This solution has achieved high levels of classification accuracy (99.97 percent) and high image processing speeds (66 ms).

PROFESIONALNI DETEKTOR BEŽIČNIH SIGNALA (PSD-100) – PREVENCIJA VISOKOTEHNOLOŠKIH PREVARA

In this paper the implementation of the device for wireless communication detection is presented. The system measures RF electromagnetic field strength for frequencies from 1 MHz up to 10 GHz and has wide range of adjustable sensitivity. Implemented device provides detection of cellular phone activities in all three main operating bands, and detection of other types of wireless communication such as radio communications, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and so on. The device presents an improvement of a previous version of the detector UD-100. Measurement results are displayed on graphical display providing easy user readings and device operating. Device is operated by four touch sensitive keypads, the system is battery powered, portable and can fit in any pocket.

An Overview Research on Wireless Communication Network

Communication Systems can be Wired or Wireless and the medium used for communication can be Guided or Unguided. In Wired Communication, the medium is a physical path like Co-axial Cables, Twisted Pair Cables and Optical Fiber Links etc. which guides the signal to propagate from one point to other. Such type of medium is called Guided Medium. The term wireless refers to the communication or transmission of information over a distance without requiring wires, cables or any other electrical conductors. Wireless communication is one of the important mediums of transmission of data or information to other devices. The Communication is set and the information is transmitted through the air, without requiring any cables, by using electromagnetic waves like radio frequencies, infrared, satellite, etc., in a wireless communication technology network. At the end of the 19th century, the first wireless communication systems were introduced and the technology has significantly been developed over the intervening and subsequent years. Today, the term wireless refers to a variety of devices and technologies ranging from smart phones to laptops, tabs, computers, printers, Bluetooth, etc. On the other hand, Wireless Communication doesn’t require any physical medium but propagates the signal through space. Since, space only allows for signal transmission without any guidance, the medium used in Wireless Communication is called Unguided Medium. In the present days, wireless communication system has become an essential part of various types of wireless communication devices, that permits user to communicate even from remote operated areas. There are many devices used for wireless communication like mobiles. Cordless telephones, GPS, Wi-Fi, satellite television and wireless computer parts. Current wireless phones include 3 and 4G networks, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies. This paper is focused on elements of Wireless Communication system, Types of Wireless Communication, Advantage & Disadvantage of it, Smart city, wireless network security.

The Use of Bluetooth Standard for Communication Between Vehicles Under Traffic

Abstract Bluetooth is a type of wireless communication used to transmit voice and data at high speeds using radio waves. It is a standard protocol for short-range radio communications between many different types of devices, including mobile phones, computers and other electronics [1]. The trend of integrating new services in vehicles increases rapidly and Bluetooth is one of the emerging communication technologies for realizing ad-hoc networks. The paper presents the possibility of using Bluetooth to build ad-hoc network suitable for the transmission of sound, in particular voice data using the modulation GSFK. We analyzed the features or problems that Bluetooth offers for transmitting audio data in an ad-hoc network. Some initial results of simulations and real-life tests give an impression of the performance and efficiency this standard for the transmission of voice data in an ad-hoc networks [2].

The Use of Bluetooth Standard for Communication Between Vehicles Under Traffic

Abstract Bluetooth is a type of wireless communication used to transmit voice and data at high speeds using radio waves. It is a standard protocol for short-range radio communications between many different types of devices, including mobile phones, computers and other electronics [1]. The use of this type of data transmission standard for voice communications at close range in the vehicle is commonly known. The trend of integrating new services in vehicles increases rapidly and Bluetooth is one of the emerging communication technologies for realizing ad-hoc networks. The paper presents the possibility of using Bluetooth to build ad-hoc network suitable for the transmission of sound, in particular voice data using the modulation GSFK. We analyzed the features or problems that Bluetooth offers for transmitting audio data in an ad-hoc network. Some initial results of simulations and real-life tests give an impression of the performance and efficiency this standard for the transmission of voice data in an ad-hoc networks [2].

Cooperative spectrum sensing based on a modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm in 5G network

The explosion of different types of wireless communications is leading to an impending spectrum famine. As a result, spectrum sensing has gained increasing interest from governments, industry and regulators. In this paper, a novel approach for cooperative spectrum sensing is proposed based on a modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). This approach is to fuse the perceived results of multiple nodes, and to improve the detection reliability. Simulations are used to compare the performance of the modified SFLA to the conventional one. The performance of the proposed cooperative spectrum sensing method based on the modified SFLA and that of the cooperative spectrum sensing method using modified deflection coefficient (MDC) are also compared. Results show that the proposed SFLA outperforms the traditional SFLA, and the proposed cooperative spectrum sensing method based on the modified SFLA gives higher miss detection probability than the MDC-based method, which validates the effectiveness of the modified SFLA-based cooperative sensing method.

SECURE QoS-BASED ROUTING USING HIERARCHICAL KEY RANKING MODEL IN MANET

Quality of service (QoS) and security have been considered as two competent units to govern and administer end-to-end traffic across network. A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a type of wireless communication, every node can act as a router or base station. Secure QoS-based routing is an important problem in MANET. A hierarchical key ranking (HKR) model is presented here for secure group communications in MANETs. To enhance the security, one-to-one random mapping is performed using hash-based message authentication code (HashMAC). Due to the dynamic nature and topological changes in MANET, group safeguarding is efficiently accomplished. For secure group communication and efficient QoS routing in MANET, a sector key (SK) is shared among group members to encrypt group messages which is obtained using secured message authenticated code (SMAC). The primary design is to include the group members in sector to vigorously contribute to the security of the multicast group, as a result dropping the communication and calculating load on the source. Experimental evaluation is done to estimate the performance of the proposed secure QoS routing and communication using hierarchical key ranking [SRHKR] in MANET in terms of delivery rate, security level, delay.

A hybrid Wi-Fi P2P with bluetooth low energy for optimizing smart device’s communication property

Recently, due to the popularity of smart devices, a need for various types of wireless communication has been tremendously increasing and several types of radio technologies for easy and quick communication with peripherals have appeared. In order for implementing a Personal Area Network (PAN), low power ZigBee and Bluetooth technologies have been generally used. On the other hand, Wi-Fi Local Area Network (LAN) technology has many advantages in implementing a PAN as it’s chipset is integrated and it’s transmission speed is relatively higher than the others. As the size of multimedia data like photos, videos, and music files has increased, more efficient communication environment for faster connection establishment and higher data transmission speed should be supported for end users accordingly. Because Bluetooth technology has intrincic limitations like transmission speed and coverage, new technologies are expected to provide longer transmission distances and higher transmission rates. Further, if the full functionality of Wi-Fi P2P standard would be implemented for today’s smart devices, it would be possible to provide various kinds of mobile innovative services that could maximize user experience. Transmission rate of Bluetooth technology in early stages was only up to 1Mbps. Although this speed is as fast as 6-fold compared to existing techniques, Bluetooth can hardly support a satisfied level of services to transfer large amounts of data such as high quality musics and videos. Therefore, Bluetooth has been used only for specific communication services with limitations. Transmission speed of Bluetooth, however, has been significantly improved as time goes. That is, Bluetooth 2.0 released in 2004 supports maximum speed of 3Mbps, and Bluetooth 3.0 released in 2 009 supports up to 24Mbps. Bluetooth 4.0 released in 2 010 has low energy mode while maintaing 24Mbps and also supports coin cell with low power consumptioin. Wi-Fi P2P is a direct communication technology between terminals without any intermediate devices such as routers and access point (AP). Wi-Fi module is basically mounted on most of smart devices. Therefore, once Wi-Fi P2P technology is adapted to mobile terminals or mobile devices such as TV, laptop, printer, and camera, all the communication services and multimedia contents can be simply provided for these devices by using the Wi-Fi P2P. In this study, we have proposed a cross-layer system design for optimizing smart devices’ communication property by utilizing the characteristics of high-speed data transmission rate of Wi-Fi P2P and low power consumption communication of Bluetooth. We have also verified that the proposed technique outperforms the existing Bluetooth and Wi-Fi P2P in the comparison of throughput as well as transmission delay through OPNET simulations, which leads to faster user connections and provides better quality of services to end users.