Types Of Habitus Research Articles

Thai Habitus in Contemporary Society: Paving the Way for Tackling Inequality

Abstract This paper examines the habitus of contemporary Thailand based on the concepts developed by Pierre Bourdieu and their operationalisation to Thai society developed by Boike Rehbein's principles, which explain how contemporary habitus is linked to social inequality and mobilisation participation. Thailand has two key social structures: precapitalist and capitalist. Both create and reproduce different types of habitus. The paper used a mixed-methods research approach to analyse social inequality and challenges in Thailand since 2019. Data collection was conducted during the years between 2021 and 2022 from 400 surveys and fifteen qualitative interviews. The paper proposes eight habitus types rooted in Thai social structures with seven characteristics for explaining contemporary Thai society. The pre-capitalist structure generates the following habitus types: subsistential, traditionalist, and powerful (phuyai). The capitalist structure generates the following types: desperate, individualist, aspirant, and content creator. Between these two structures is the conformist. All habitus types share some characteristics. Authoritarianism is the fundamental trait of the predominant habitus types in Thai society, which are interconnected with social structures, thereby reflecting the consequences of social inequality and mobilisations. The demographic most affected by social inequality is the desperate group, but a more significant habitus for mobilisation participation is that of content creator, which is considerably small now but is likely to increase. Traditionalist and conformist groups are less likely to protest and, to a lesser degree, this is true of the subsistential and powerful types. Moreover, rationales of being affected by social inequality and reacting differently are distinct characteristics of each type, and socio-economic positions interplayed with social media influences.

Queer Experience in Turkey

This study explores the possibility of critical agency of queer subjects in Turkey in terms of challenging and subverting normative structural constraints. These constraints are attested through expansive use of the concept of habitus including class, gender, family, ethnicity and religion. Our field study in which in-depth interviews have been conducted detected two types of habitus in the life experiences of queer subjects: critical and conservative. While the former enables critical agency, the latter undermines this possibility. On this ground, it is argued that exhibiting critical habitus appears to be the precondition of performing critical agency. We conclude that having multiple minority identities, education, and involvement in organizations develop a critical habitus enhancing critical queer agency.

The Datafication of Newsrooms: A Study on Data Journalism Practices in a British Newspaper

This study investigates the function of data journalism in a UK newsroom using Bourdieu’s field theory. The collection of study data was conducted through in-depth interviews, utilising a qualitative research methodology. The data obtained revealed that data journalism, a sub-field of journalism, continues to develop in an interdisciplinary structure and creates a new type of habitus (data habitus) within the field of journalism. This study also shows that the data journalism team in the newspaper has moved from being niche to being established as one of the most active and effective main sections of the newsroom, and that data-driven journalism has the potential to influence other teams. Lastly, this study suggested that the newsroom is undergoing a process of datafication by indicating the newspaper’s intention to develop data skills beyond the data journalism team.

Uncovering Budget Battle Practices: A Critical Study of Budget Participation in Indonesia

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the budget battle practices between local government (executive) and Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD or legislative) within the context of plenary sessions in North Toraja Regency. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this article revolves around the concept of budget participation, influenced by the political environment, and inspired by Paulo Freire's ideas. Budget participation involves the engagement of the community in decisions regarding the allocation of public funds, with a normative emphasis on community involvement values. The influence of the political environment and the political will of the government plays a pivotal role in the success of budget participation. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a critical paradigm and employs the Habitus Theory as a tool for interpreting research data. The research also utilizes the data collection and reduction procedures outlined by Creswell (2014). The study was conducted in North Toraja Regency and involved ten informants selected through purposive sampling technique. Findings: The research findings reveal several aspects. Firstly, the practice of budgetary battles involves three models: negotiation, holding the Regional Budget Planning (RAPBD) hostage, and intimidation. Secondly, these three behaviors undergo transformation into a homogeneous institutional or group habitus among the actors. Thirdly, this group habitus is deeply internalized by the actors, shaping individual habits that are employed both during plenary sessions and outside the political context within the social realm. Research, Practical & Social implications: The social implications of these findings indicate that the existence of budgetary battle practices involving negotiation, holding the Regional Budget Planning (RAPBD) hostage, and intimidation can impact political dynamics and financial governance at the regional level. In terms of practice, these findings can provide guidance for policymakers at the local level to implement improvements in budgeting mechanisms. Originality/value: The originality of this article lies in its contribution to the understanding of how group habitus influences individual dispositions in budgetary battles. The findings concerning the three types of habitus also offer a novel contribution to the literature. This study provides crucial insights for further research in exploring the phenomenon of budgetary battles and their impact on budget participation within the context of local governance.

Homegarden ethnobotany of three Malay Villages in Belitung District, Indonesia

Ethnic culture influences the plant diversity in homegardens, automatically impacting socio-economic and ecological services. The Malay ethnic in the Belitung district uses many species of plants from their homegardens. However, ethnobotanical studies of the homegarden must be carried out for more efficient and sustainable use. This study aimed to describe the plant diversity and structure of the Malay homegarden in the Belitung district through an ethnobotanical perspective. Ethnobotanical data were collected using the participatory observation method in three villages from different sub-districts, Kembiri, Sijuk, and Suak Gual. The key and general respondents were selected using the purposive and the snowball sampling methods, and the plant diversity was identified using the inventory method. The structure of the Malay homegarden in Belitung consists of side, front, and back yards. The homegarden plants have four habitus types: trees, shrubs, herbs, and lianas. The homegarden area in Sijuk villages was the most spacious (599.55 m2). Myrtaceae dominated the homegarden in Sijuk, while the Zingiberaceae dominated the Kembiri and Suak Gual villages. The highest Index of Cultural Significance value is Cocos nucifera in Sijuk and Kembiri villages and Citrus macrocarpa in Suak Gual Village. Malay ethnic uses most homegarden plants for food and medicine ingredients.

Students' Academic Habitus and Its Relation to Family Capital: A Latent Class Approach to Inequalities among Secondary School Students1

Habitus plays a crucial part in Bourdieu's theory of sociocultural reproduction for understanding the persistence of inequalities in the education system. According to Bourdieu, students from homes that are heavily equipped with cultural capital develop a specific kind of habitus, that is, modes of perceiving, thinking, and acting, remarkably well‐adjusted to the expectations of teachers and educational institutions. However, research has rarely tried to measure what we refer to as students' academic habitus to highlight the different types of habitus that students might express toward school. Drawing on data from secondary students in Luxembourg, we employ a latent class approach to operationalize, measure, and explore students' academic habitus. Our investigation comprises three main steps: First, we develop a multifaceted understanding of students' habitus integrating diverse dispositions toward school and learning; second, we identify different academic habitus types: the habitus of excellence, the habitus of goodwill and loyalty, and the habitus of disengagement. Third, we examine how the three habitus types relate to different axes of inequality: socioeconomic status, cultural capital, family employment, gender, and immigrant background. Our typology of habitus bridges the qualitative literature on habitus with existing quantitative operationalizations. The findings show that students with a habitus of excellence are likely to hail from families with favorable parental employment and high cultural involvement.

The potential utilization of non-timber vascular plants in the karst area of Ayah Village, Kebumen District, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Indriyani S, Aurina DM, Ramadhan MF, Rachmalia F, Fauziyyah MD, Faturrahman AD, Nazar IA, Septiasari A, Naim DMD, Setyawan AD. 2023. The potential utilization of non-timber vascular plants in the karst area of Ayah Village, Kebumen District, Central Java, Indonesia. Intl J Trop Drylands 7: 51-61. Karst vegetation has unique characteristics in its shape and species composition. As a result, karst plant communities have a high ability to adapt to environmental stress. In addition to ecological functions, vegetation that grows in karst areas also has the potential as natural medicine, food ingredients, and materials for folk traditions. This study aims to determine the diversity and potential utilization of non-timber vascular plants in the karst area of ??Ayah Village, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia. This study used a survey method, namely direct observation, by exploring the Ayah Forest area to observe the studied object, namely vascular plants. The results showed 44 plant families of 111 species in the Ayah Forest area. Vascular plants in the Ayah Forest area are mostly from Fabaceae and Poaceae families. Therefore, five habitus types grow there, including trees, herbs, shrubs, epiphytes, and vines. The vascular plants found during the research have different potencies. In this study, eight prospects could be utilized from vascular plants in Ayah Forest: ornamental plants, medicinal plants, food ingredients, beverage ingredients, flavorings, natural coloring, animal feed, and woven crafts. The potential use of vascular plants in the Ayah Forest is most widely used as medicine.

Understanding resilience capitals, agency and habitus in household experiences of water scarcity, floods and fire in marginalized settlements in the Cape Flats, South Africa

A significant percentage of the urban population in most low- and middle-income countries live in informal settlements. Due to poor quality housing, dense settlement patterns and lack of risk reducing infrastructure, informal settlements are least prepared and at higher risk for climate change issues. Marginalized communities in settlements in the Cape Flats region of South Africa face a range of environmental hazards and risks including recurrent large-scale fires, localised flooding and inconsistent access to water. This paper presents findings from a household survey with 600 participants from three economically marginalized settlements in this region. The paper explores how different forms of capital come into play in the shaping of these experiences and responses and uses these to consider power structures and the creation of particular types of habitus amongst settlement residents. Results show that cultural (knowledge) capital is one of the most important capitals enabling resilience and adaptive capacities across all three sites. Findings show the complex interplay of forms of capital and the importance of recognizing ownership, control and power structures. Our findings also illustrate how repeated exposure to risk can shape a habitus of risk acceptance and a focus on coping rather than change. Insights from this study further enhance knowledge of community resilience that could potentially inform policy development and institutional disaster risk reduction strategies for climate change resilience of cities in low- and middle-income countries.

Dispositions and conditioning towards sustainability in the supply chain: a habitus perspective in the field of shipping

ABSTRACT The concept of habitus is instrumental in generating sociological understanding of governance and sustainability from an environmental perspective. In this study, the concept has been brought into play to better understand agents’ disposition and conditioning towards sustainable practices in the supply chain. Based on Bourdieu’s formulation of habitus and on prior literature, four theoretical propositions are defined and assessed. A multiple case study in the field of shipping is the focus of this research, intended to shed light on how agents´ habitus conditions the way sustainable development goals, such as climate action and life under water, are practiced in the maritime industry. The results highlight the role of several types of habitus that predispose agents to certain ways of mobilising supply chain material, legal, and institutional assets towards the practice of environmental sustainability. We discuss these findings, stressing the role of boundary objects as instrumental in supporting sustainable practices. Moreover, we discuss the transposition of habitus from one field to another and its implications for sustainable practices in the supply chain. We conclude with the theoretical contributions and practical applications stemming from this research.

Development and Validation of a Length- and Habitus-Based Method of Ideal and Lean Body Weight Estimation for Adults Requiring Urgent Weight-Based Medical Intervention.

Accurate drug dosing in obese patients requires an estimation of ideal body weight (IBW) or lean body weight (LBW) for dosing hydrophilic medications. Erroneous weight estimates during the management of adults requiring weight-based treatment may contribute to poor outcomes. Existing methods of IBW and LBW estimation or measurement are very difficult to use during emergency care. A new point-of-care model would be useful to provide rapid estimates of IBW and LBW for this purpose. A model was derived based on the PAWPER XL-MAC tape, a pediatric weight estimation system which uses recumbent length and mid-arm circumference to estimate IBW and LBW. The new adult model was used to generate IBW and LBW estimations for a derivation sample (n=33155) and a validation sample (n=5926) from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets. The model was developed in two steps, with calibration at each step, before being validated on an unused dataset. The outcome measure was to achieve >95% of IBW and LBW estimations within 20% of recognized reference standards (P20>95%) and >70% of estimations within 10% of these standards (P10>70%). The new model achieved a P20 of 100% and a P10 of 99.9% for IBW and a P20 of 98.3% and a P10 of 78.3% for LBW. This accuracy was maintained in both sexes, all ages, all ethnic groups, all lengths, and in all habitus types, except for the severely obese female subgroup. The modified PAWPER XL-MAC model proved to be an accurate method of IBW and LBW estimation. It could, therefore, have an important role in facilitating emergency drug dose calculations in obese adult patients.

Estimating Lean Body Weight in Adults With the PAWPER XL-MAC Tape Using Actual Measured Weight as an Input Variable.

IntroductionAccurate drug dose calculation in obese patients requires an estimation of lean body weight (LBW) for dosing hydrophilic medications. Inaccurate weight estimates during the management of critically ill obese adults may contribute to inaccurate drug doses and consequential poor outcomes. Existing methods of LBW estimation or measurement may be very difficult or impossible to use during emergency care. A point-of-care model that could provide rapid, accurate estimates of LBW would, therefore, be of significant clinical value.MethodsA model was derived based using the adult version of the PAWPER XL-MAC tape. This derived model used recumbent length and measured total body weight (TBW) to estimate LBW. The derived model was used to generate LBW estimations in a random sample from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets (n=33,215). The benchmark outcome measure was to achieve >95% of LBW estimations within 20% of DXA-measured fat-free mass (P20>95%) and >70% of estimations within 10% of DXA-measured fat-free mass (P10>70%).ResultsThe new model achieved a P20 of 99.7% and a P10 of 86.4% for LBW in the pooled sample and exceeded the minimum accuracy standards. This accuracy was maintained in both sexes, all ages, all ethnic groups, all lengths and in all habitus types.ConclusionsThe modified PAWPER XL-MAC model, using TBW as an input variable, proved to be an accurate method of LBW estimation. It could potentially have an important role in facilitating emergency drug dose calculations in critically ill or injured obese adult patients.

Habitus and climate change: Exploring support and resistance to sustainable welfare and social-ecological transformations in Sweden.

We explore peoples' dispositions and practices with regard to social-ecological transformations based on a sustainable welfare policy strategy in Sweden. We draw on Bourdieu's concept of habitus to highlight the relations between social positions, dispositions, and position-takings. Using data from an own survey, we identify habitus types and place these in the space of social positions. We apply principal component analysis to a large set of questions about social, ecological, and climate change related topics and identify eight underlying eco-social dispositions. These are used for cluster analyses that find typical constellations of eco-social dispositions within the Swedish population: variants of eco-social habitus. We find seven habitus types and describe their social characteristics, political preferences, and practices. Finally, the seven habitus are plotted onto the map of social positions, the Bourdieusian social space, highlighting their relations-proximities, tensions, and contestations-to each other. We find evidence that political struggles around social-ecological transformations reproduce existing social structures but are also connected to new "eco-social" divisions that appear between groups in similar positions. In the conclusion we discuss the implications for social-ecological transformations based on sustainable welfare.

Diversity of Vegetable Types Typical to Lombok Island in an Effort to Support Food Security in the Community

The island of Lombok with the majority of its original inhabitants, namely the Sasak tribe, has known and used a number of plants as typical food or vegetables to complement the main menu. Typical vegetables are vegetables that are only found in an area, at a certain season and processed in a special way. Currently, the existence of vegetables typical of the island of Lombok is rarely found and some of them are starting to become extinct. This study aims to obtain data related to the diversity of species, economic value and distribution of typical vegetables on the island of Lombok. The information obtained is very much needed in building a data base that can be used as important information in the process of plant conservation and domestication. The research method used was an exploratory survey with a qualitative approach through a structured interview technique using a questionnaire that was presented orally. The research locations were all districts on the island of Lombok. The results showed that there were 53 types of vegetables typical of the island of Lombok. Trees are the most common types of habitus (17 species), then shrubs (16 species), herbaceous species (14) and 10 creeping types. Young leaves are part of the plant that is most widely used as a vegetable. Most of these vegetables are not traded and grow wild in forests or cultivated areas. The districts of East Lombok and Central Lombok are the areas where the most of these types of vegetables are found, while the city of Mataram is the area with the least. The small area and the lack of green open space are suspected to be the cause of the reduction in the typical vegetables found in the city of Mataram.

Effects of Irrigation, Peat-Alternative Substrate and Plant Habitus on the Morphological and Production Characteristics of Sicilian Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Biotypes Grown in Pot

Irrigation and growing substrate are considered as essential cultivation practices in order to obtain good productive and qualitative performance of potted rosemary plants. In pot growing, the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the substrate must be stable over time in order to allow regular plant growth. However, the effects of cultivation techniques on the characteristics of potted rosemary are little known. Peat is traditionally used as the organic growing medium; however, despite numerous advantages, its use has determined a degradation of peatlands in the northern hemisphere and an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of irrigation and peat-alternative substrates on the morphological, aesthetic and production characteristics of potted Sicilian rosemary biotypes with different habitus types. Two years, two different irrigation levels, three peat-alternative substrates and three types of rosemary plant habitus were tested in a split-split-split-plot design for a four-factor experiment. The results highlight that irrigation and substrate determined significant differences for all tested parameters. Rosemary plants demonstrated the best performances when irrigation was more frequent; vice versa, the greatest percent content in essential oil was obtained when irrigation events were less frequent. The chemical–physical characteristics of peat-alternative substrates changed with decreases in the peat content and increases in the compost content. The erect habitus biotype showed the best adaptation capacity to the various treatments. Our results suggest that irrigation and peat-alternative substrates significantly affect the growth of rosemary plants and should, therefore, be taken into consideration in order to improve the cultivation of this species in pots for ornamental purposes.

Wellness‐oriented seasonal tourism migration: A field relationship study in China

AbstractThis paper examines the types of habitus possessed by wellness‐oriented seasonal tourism migrants in China and locates the capital they receive from this within the appropriate field relations. Bourdieu's field theory on habitus, capital, and relationships was applied in an ethnographic survey of Poyue village, Guangxi Autonomous Region, in China. The paper identifies the capitals related to the field relationships that determine and structure interaction in a destination community. This analysis reveals the relationships between wellness‐oriented seasonal tourism migrants and other stakeholders from micro, meso, and macro perspectives. Conclusions and suggestions are presented for policymakers and future researchers to utilize.

Ethnic mobility: ethno-class identities and self-negation

ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between ethnic and class identities among members of a stigmatic ethnic group (Mizrahim) who experience upward mobility in Israel. The findings show how mobile Mizrahim do not report a classic cleft habitus, but rather a amalgam between the types of habitus associated with mobility, strategic preference of class identities, and maintenance of distance from ethnic identity. At the same time, the findings also reveal the heavy use of Orientalist discourse, boundary-work within the ethnic (and familial) group, strong negative emotions (disgust, hate), and self-negation. We offer an interpretation of this self-negation as a unique expression of cleft habitus. We also discuss the discursive explanations for this unique relationship between ethnic and class identities and the prevalent cultural scenario in Israel regarding mobility, which, in turn, affects the phenomenology of mobility.

Homegarden Ethnobotany of Two Saibatin Villages in Lampung, Indonesia: Species Diversity, Uses, and Values

Since homegardens reflect a culture of a particular ethnic group, the study in homegardens provide unique insights into ethnobotany. The Saibatin sub-tribe in Lampung has extensive uses for plants, but an ethnobotanical study of their homegardens are still lacking. This study aimed to describe the structure and composition of the Saibatin community homegarden and to explain the diversity of plants and the usage patterns through an ethnobotany perspective. The study also aimed to elaborate species with social-economic and ecological functions and to describe the overall functions of homegardens. Ethnobotanical data were collected using participant observation methods, which were complemented by questionnaires. We determined the key respondents and common respondents using the purposive sampling and snowball sampling method, while homegarden plant species diversity was identified using vegetation analysis methods. The results showed that 3 size categories of homegardens are present in this area, including narrow, medium, and broad. The homegarden structure consisted of hadap/tangebah (front yard), gelekhan (side yard), and kudan (backyard). Six types of habitus composed the homegarden structure, namely herbaceous, epiphytes, shrubs, trees, succulents, and vines. The homegarden species richness index (DMg) in Way Jambu Village (WJA) (17.34) was higher than Labuhan Mandi Village (LMA) (16.87). Even so, the homegarden plant diversity (H’) and evenness (J ) in LMA was higher than WJA. There were 16 plant usage categories used by the Saibatin community (WJA 15; LMA14). Foodstuffs were the usage category of homegardens with the highest number of species in both villages. The species ICS value ranges between the two villages were relatively similar. The highest ICS species in WJA was Cocos nucifera while in LMA was Cymbopogon citratus. By studying ethnobotany of Saibatin sub-tribe homegarden we conclude that the three main roles of the homegardens are to provide social-economic impacts, ecological services, and representing the cultural value of Saibatin community identity

Social Inequality and Sociocultures

Inequality is usually studied with a focus on economic factors, such as income and wealth, and with reference to a brief period of time, basically the period of data collection. This article argues that this approach is misleading and does not allow us to understand inequality, let alone society at large. Inequalities and social hierarchies comprise more than economic factors but also cultural factors, as Pierre Bourdieu has shown. Bourdieu, however, neglected the historical dimension. Classes and habitus types are rooted in long traditions, which have to be studied over centuries, not months or years. Capitalist societies develop hierarchies of social classes, which are shaped by pre-capitalist hierarchies. These earlier hierarchies tend to persist for decades or even centuries after the capitalist transformation. I refer to these earlier hierarchies as sociocultures, since they form not only hierarchies but also cultures, which reproduce from one generation to the next. Edward P. Thompson has demonstrated this with regard to the English working class. In the article, I will introduce the concept of socioculture as it is used in studies of social inequality.

Relational analysis of the phenomenon of early school leaving: A habitus typology

Although there is an extensive body of literature on the causes and consequences of early school leaving (ESL), little is known of how early school leavers cope with their situation after having left the education system. This paper’s main objective is to fill this research gap. At first we look at developments in the social positioning of early school leavers in Austria that show that their situation has deteriorated not only because of changes in the labour market (e.g. due to globalization) but also because of displacement processes that are influenced by habitus formation and capital endowment. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital, we explored the situation of young people who had left school early. We used a multi-perspective approach and conducted 123 narrative interviews which we analysed by grouping cases that demonstrated similar social practice and perception patterns generated by a set of socially learned dispositions. Thus we were able to reconstruct a habitus typology consisting of seven different types: the ‘ambitious’, the ‘status-oriented’, the ‘non-conformist’, the ‘disoriented’, the ‘resigned’, the ‘escapist’ and the ‘caring’. How young people experience stigmatization is the common thread that runs through all seven habitus types.

Degraded Land Analyses of Brantas River Basin to Support Land Rehabilitation

Land degradation in the Brantas River Basin occurs very massively as reflected by high erosion and sedimentation. Information related to soil erosion is important since it is one of the basic information in determining the degraded land in a watershed. The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify the distribution of degraded land in the Brantas river basin as an effort to mitigate land degradation through forests and land rehabilitation in suitable locations. Erosion analysis was carried out spatially on a watershed scale using the USLE (Universal Soil Lost Equation) method. Analyses showed that weighted soil erosion values in the Brantas river basin were 448.73 tons/ha/year which was classified as high erosion level. The area of 408,818 ha (41.74%) of Brantas river basin needs erosion handling because 22.51% was identified in the high erosion value category and 19.23% was included in very high erosion values. Those areas were identified as protected forests, production forests, dry land, and mixed gardens. The type of soil and the erodible of soil are part of the determinants of the high value of erosion, but these factors are difficult to manage while land cover types and land management which are the causes of erosion are relatively manageable. The approach to rehabilitate forests and land can be used as an effort to prevent and reduce erosion by taking into account the selection of related types of habitus (form and stratification) and economic value.