Types Of Equipment Research Articles

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Target Gastric Cancer and Deliver Epirubicin via Tunneling Nanotubes for Enhanced Chemotherapy.

A reduced effective local concentration significantly contributes to the unsatisfactory therapeutic results of epirubicin in gastric cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit targeted chemotaxis towards solid tumors and form tunneling nanotubes with tumor cells, facilitating the delivery of various substances. This study demonstrates the novelty of mesenchymal stem cells in releasing epirubicin into gastric cancer cells through tunneling nanotubes. Epirubicin delivery to gastric cancer cells using mesenchymal stem cells. In vitro transwell migration assays, live cell tracking, and in vivo targeting assays were used to demonstrate the chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells towards gastric cancer. We verified the targeted chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells towards gastric cancer cells and the epirubicin loading ability using a high-content imaging system (Equipment type:Operetta CLS). Additionally, tunneling nanotube formation and the targeted release of epirubicin-loaded mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with gastric cancer cells through mesenchymal stem cell-tunneling nanotubes into gastric cancer cells was observed using Operetta CLS. Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated targeted chemotaxis towards gastric cancer, with effective epirubicin loading and tolerance. Co-culturing induced tunneling nanotube formation between these cells. Epirubicin-loaded mesenchymal stem cells were released into gastric cancer cells through tunneling nanotubes, significantly increasing their non-viability compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). We identified a novel approach for precisely targeting epirubicin release in gastric cancer cells. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cell-tunneling nanotubes could serve as a potential tool for targeted delivery of drugs, enhancing their chemotherapeutic effects in cancer cells.

An Analytical Review for Search of Optimal Selection &amp; Utilization of Earthwork Equipment in Construction

Different types of equipment with various levels/times application times are the characteristic features of all construction projects. Almost every construction project/industry has the most common problem of slow progress and cost overruns due to increasing downtime and decreasing operational efficiency of construction equipment. Construction equipment is involved in construction to such an extent that without it no construction activity can be performed. In recent years, with the continuous advancement in technology and improvement of urbanization, there have been more and more construction project/equipment requirements resulting in either the project delay or cost enhancement As the most critical element earthwork is responsible for not only successful completion of project within schedule but also for the starting of the project, selection of right equipment for earthwork is necessary. Earthwork complexity further increases due to various soil types and equipment, and adverse environmental conditions The present study is concentrated or focused on soil and various costs based practices adopted for the selection of construction equipment and an attempt has been made to find the optimal solution for the most problematic or responsible activities for the delay in project/cost overrun especially in context to excavation, compression, and earth / material movement equipment utilization.

Peculiarities of the body component composition and microcirculation of qualified divers

One of the important aspects of improving the effectiveness of training qualified divers is understanding the peculiarities of body component composition and the state of microcirculation. The aim of this study was to investigate the component body composition and microcirculation peculiarities of qualified divers diving from different types of gymnastic equipment. The study sample included 30 qualified divers, consisting of 17 girls and 13 boys aged 13 to 18 years. Body composition was assessed using bioimpedance analysis, and the functional state of the microcirculatory system was evaluated through laser Doppler flowmetry. The results indicated that divers who utilized the 10-meter tower exhibited a statistically significant decrease in adipose tissue content and an increase in fat-free mass and relative muscle mass compared to athletes in other diving disciplines. Additionally, a high level of tissue perfusion and microvascular reactivity was observed among the athletes. These findings are crucial for assessing and enhancing the training effectiveness of qualified diving athletes.

Composition of biopesticides for crop protection – current state and prospects (review)

Aim. To summarise and analyse available information on research into biopesticide compositions aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to assess prospects for the development of this field so as to determine the influence of components on the effectiveness of biopesticides for agricultural crop protection.This review article presents the results of studies of components included in the compositions of microorganism‐based biopesticides based on a system analysis. It is noted that the selection of biopesticide components must be carried out in accordance with the requirements for products recommended for use in ecological and organic farming systems. It is indicated that the choice of optimal formulation is associated with the characteristics of the producer strains, their trophic needs and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and with the characteristics of the biopesticide application technology (seed treatment, application to the soil or treatment of plants during vegetation), as well as the type of equipment used.Knowledge of the basic requirements for biopesticide formulations will help maintain the viability and biological activity of microbial agents during storage of biopesticides, taking into account the sensitivity of producer strains to environmental conditions. Selection of optimal carriers, adhesives, stabilisers, thickeners and synergists, taking into account the technology of application of the biopesticide and the target pathogen, will facilitate the development and appearance on the market of new biopesticides for protecting agricultural crops from diseases.

Monitoring system for physical activity and fitness based on service robots and biomechanics

Exercise is one of the important ways for people to exercise, with characteristics such as sociality and strong participation. Especially with the improvement of the level of economic development and the improvement of the quality of life of the people, more and more people begin to attach importance to the maintenance of their own health. Physical fitness monitoring, as an effective means, is widely used in daily life, especially among the elderly. However, most of the existing monitoring methods are relatively simple, lacking pertinence, and the data collection process is relatively cumbersome and unstable, which cannot meet current needs. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore a new type of equipment that can more comprehensively and accurately monitor various physiological parameters of the human body to replace existing traditional detection technologies. Service Robots are currently the most promising intelligent hardware products. They mainly provide personalized services centered on users, sensing user behavior and implementing intelligent decision-making based on their characteristics, thereby better meeting the needs of different groups of people. This article focused on the research and development of Service Robots, and designed a comprehensive solution for Service Robots based on theories such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data technology, and artificial intelligence. This article compared existing intelligent monitoring systems with fitness monitoring systems based on Service Robots, and proved that the user experience of fitness monitoring with robot participation has improved by about 4.68%. Its application scenarios were richer and its effects were more significant, enabling it to better complete tasks such as analysis and prediction of physical fitness status, real-time warning, etc., reducing the risk of people suffering from diseases, and enhancing individual protection awareness.

Active Support Pre-Synchronization Control and Stability Analysis Based on the Third-Order Model of Synchronous Machine

When traditional grid-forming converters directly participate in the grid-connected operation of the power grid, due to the lack of a pre-synchronization control system, the voltage amplitude and initial phase on both sides of the grid-connected point will deviate, resulting in voltage and current distortion during grid-connected mode. An active support phase-locked loop free pre-synchronization control strategy based on the third-order model of a synchronous generator is proposed to address the grid-connected problem of the grid-forming converter mentioned above. First, a model of active support control with frequency integral feedback at small signal levels was constructed. The root locus method was employed to examine how system parameters affect the stability of the active support control system. Second, by adding phase pre-synchronization controllers and amplitude pre-synchronization controllers to the active frequency loop and excitation voltage loop of the third-order model, it was ensured that the frequency, phase, and voltage amplitude of the unit are consistent with the power grid, achieving a fast and smooth grid-connected mode of the unit. Finally, by using a DC source to simulate all types of new energy power generation equipment, the active support pre-synchronization control system based on the three-order model of synchronous generator is built in the MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment, and the accuracy and effectiveness of the control strategy in this paper is verified.

Static Power Equipment for the Active Elimination of Harmonics from the National Energy Grid

Taking into account the long-term (2020-2050) Energy Strategy of Romania, and the Integrated National Plan in the Energy and Climate Changing 2021-2030, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, utilizing the industrial partners, will conduct the applied industrial research to provide in the National Grid a clean energy, by harmonics mitigation. This paper deals with the Shunt Active Power solution to efficiently mitigate the current harmonics within the national power grid. Both numerical and experimental results are presented in this paper. The results of this paper are obtained by the beneficiary and the industrial partner of the „Knowledge transfer regarding the increase of energy efficiency and intelligent power systems” project, acronym CRESC-INTEL, within the POC Competitiveness Operational Program. The obtained results of this project will conduct one innovation-based ecosystem in the European Union research and technological development field. Innovative static power types of equipment ensure an increased energy efficiency of the power system with a high power factor. Based on the obtained prototype, a mass production of the innovative static power equipment will be delivered to the specific market, by complying with the available power quality standards. In this way, based on the static power equipment series production, by considering alternative power ranges, harmonic cleaning of the national grid is obtained.

Comparison of lab-produced asphalt emulsions by manufacturing equipment type

Asphalt emulsions can be produced with colloid mills and high-speed shear mixers, but effects of equipment type on emulsion properties are largely unknown. The study objective was to assess the impact of different manufacturing equipments on emulsion properties. Particle size, viscosity, residue, sieve and storage stability properties were observed after production on three emulsion manufacturing devices. For each device, three emulsions were manufactured by three operator pairs. Median particle size was as small as 2.0 microns on recirculating and in-line equipment, but only 5.3 on high-speed shear mixer. Recirculating equipment also produced emulsion with better storage stability than high-speed shear mixer and in-line equipment. In-line manufactured emulsions had the highest viscosity while the shear-mixed emulsion viscosity was below specification. Sieve was significantly affected by the operator. These results demonstrate that emulsions produced by different laboratory equipment are not identical, and caution must be exercised when comparing and manufacturing lab-produced emulsions.

Основные предвестники формирования общепринятых практик осуществления мультимодальных перевозок

The article provides an overview of the history of the emergence of containers, within the framework of such a phenomenon as the container revolution, and also analyzes the modern potential of large transport and logistics infrastructure facilities, as a result and result of the container development trend. As part of the review of the development of modern trends in multimodal transportation, the issue of containerization is quite important, because today a container is not only an equipment for cargo transportation, but also an integral part of the supply chain, and is also able to significantly influence the formation of market tariffs for cargo transportation. Containerization of cargo transportation contributed to the formation of a modern transport and logistics paradigm in the context of international transportation, and also influenced the evolution of existing types of vehicles and special equipment, adapting them to mass transportation of metal containers. Over the history of its existence and development, containers have been adapted for the transportation of a wide variety of types of cargo from dangerous and temperature to bulk and bulk. In this article, within the framework of the calculation unit for assessing the potential of the modern global transport and logistics system, an analysis of the capacity of the largest marine infrastructure facilities - seaports is used, since it was with sea transportation that the containerization process began.

Introduction and optimization of new types of self-propelled equipment to improve the efficiency of mining at the Gai field

Introduction and optimization of new types of self-propelled equipment to improve the efficiency of mining at the Gai field

Understanding of the Maritime Future Mentality; Safe E-navigation and Safe Maritime Surface Communication

Developing and changing technology affects all sectors globally. Although it primarily affects information systems digitally, it affects all sectors indirectly. Maritime transport, the most important transportation mode in the world, is affected by technological progress as seafarers, ships, and ports. When used for its intended purpose, the technology employs intelligent and rational solutions based on the logic of identifying previous errors and developing predictions accordingly. Maritime transportation is the movement of ships between ports safely and without harming the environment. The sea is a dynamic surface not previously exposed to fixed effects and is affected by meteorological and environmental conditions. As the international maritime authorities keep pace with technological advancements, they have embraced the e-navigation concept, a digital revolution that is set to transform the industry. This shift to Electronic Navigation requires all operations to be digital, making transmission easier and more efficient. It also mandates uninterrupted and high-quality digital communication with ships' land facilities during the entire voyage. ECDIS, one of the advanced automation technology products used for e-navigation, and the vector map ENC it uses are of great importance. ENC maps are produced with specific standards. S-100, which is described as the latest and most advanced standard, provides sailors with good opportunities for safe navigation and communication. The study has been prepared to explain e-navigation types of equipment, their standards, and how they communicate according to cyber security.

Innovative fluidized bed flotation column for fine particle separation

Flotation columns are extensively utilized to separate fine mineral particles. In highly turbulent environments, the increased collision efficiency between bubbles and particles can lead to improved flotation efficiency of fine particles. The fluidized bed flotation column (FBFC), a new type of flotation equipment, improves the separation efficiency of fine particles by creating a highly turbulent environment in the fluidized zone through the addition of solid particles. This paper investigated the fluidization characteristics, bubble, and gas hold up of the FBFC, along with the flotation efficiency of fine quartz particles. Experimental results showed that introducing gas enhanced the fluidization process in the fluidized bed. The fluidized zone facilitated the fragmentation of bubbles into smaller ones. With increasing liquid velocity, the bubble diameter decreases before subsequently increasing, while the gas holdup initially rises and then declines. The flotation efficiency of fine quartz particles is superior in FBFC with added particles compared to those without added particles. The flotation efficiency of fine particles increases with the rise in both liquid velocity and gas velocity.

Probabilistic seismic risk analysis of electrical substations considering equipment-to-equipment seismic failure correlations

When an earthquake occurs, electrical equipment in a substation exhibits a certain level of seismic failure correlation since they suffer similar ground motions and share similar structural characteristics. However, this equipment-to-equipment seismic failure correlation (E2ESFC) was neglected in previous substation-level probabilistic seismic risk analyses due to the lack of awareness and practical approach. To investigate the effect of different degrees of the E2ESFC on the substation seismic risk, an efficient method for considering partially correlated seismic failure was proposed. The concepts of “damage demand probability” and “damage capacity probability” were derived from the equipment's fragility curve. Then the partial correlation of equipment's capacity probabilities can be easily introduced and incorporated into the substation-level risk analysis through the combination of Copula functions and the Monte Carlo simulation. A case study on a real-world 220/110 kV substation using an equi-correlation model demonstrated that ignoring the E2ESFC among the same type of equipment will lead to an underestimate of the probability of seeing high seismic loss. Furthermore, a general method to assess the E2ESFC coefficients between equipment was also proposed, laying the foundation to facilitate applications of the introduced E2ESFC simulation method and to generate a more reliable system risk assessment result.

Development and Outlook for Self-priming Pumps

Background: Self-priming pumps are a type of general mechanical equipment that is widely used in the petroleum, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, mining, shipbuilding, light industry, agriculture, civil defense, and other departments, and they play an important role in the global economy. The pump system is the most common piece of equipment that consumes the most electricity, and reducing the energy consumption of the pump will save a significant amount of energy. Objective: For the benefit of scholars and engineers, this paper summarizes the most recent research on self-priming pumps, analyzes their solutions to the problem of reducing energy consumption, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Methods: The typical self-priming pump patents are outlined below based on the many functions of the improved self-priming pump structure, including pump body protection, high efficiency, and energy savings, ease of movement, and improved seal. The current self-priming pump patents are used to examine the development trend for these pumps. Results: The fundamental issues with self-priming pumps are outlined and studied through comparisons of various types and functions, and a future course for their development is suggested. Conclusion: The development of self-priming pump technology benefits from the improvement of self-priming pump structure. A self-priming pump with a straightforward design, automation, high efficiency, and energy conservation has a promising future.

Two-stage low-carbon economic dispatch of an integrated energy system considering flexible decoupling of electricity and heat on sides of source and load

Under the goal of "double carbon", in order to further enhance the level of new energy consumption and solve the problem of restricting the flexibility of the system by "ordering power by heat" of combined heat and power (CHP) units, a low-carbon economic planning strategy with flexible decoupling of electricity and heat is proposed, by introducing a new type of electric-thermal coupling equipment on both sides of the source and load. Firstly, Consideration of the low-carbon and environmentally friendly characteristics of green ammonia production and ammonia-doped combustion technologies, a wind power(WT) – power to ammonia(P2A) - CHP units - thermal power (TH) units joint operation strategy is proposed on the source side. This strategy realizes the conversion of abandoned wind to green ammonia to ammonia coal hybrid generation, the decoupled operation of CHP units and promotes the consumption of wind power and the low-carbon operation of the system. Secondly, A dynamic incentive demand response model is developed to meet the demand of high proportion distributed PV in situ consumption on the load side. The dynamic incentive price guides the distributed power-to-heat load to change the response capacity, tracks the abandonment of wind and light, realizes the flexible conversion of power and heat load, and cooperates with the source side to promote the coupling operation of electric pyrolysis. On this basis, consider the flexible decoupling capability of electric-heat coupling equipment on both sides of the source and load to establish a two-phase low-carbon scheduling model for the day-before and day-after phases. In the day-ahead phase, the source-side electric-thermal-ammonia joint operation strategy is considered, and the electric and thermal energy supply plans are adjusted centrally; In the intra-day phase, the flexible adjustment range of power-to-heat devices and the heat load inertia on the load side are taken into account, and the electricity and heat planning strategies are adjusted in a distributed-centralised manner in conjunction with the source side. Finally, through the simulation of different cases, the results show that compared with the traditional electric heating system, the total cost of the system considering the scheduling strategy proposed in this paper decreases by ￥826,900, the carbon emission decreases by 1.2t, and basically realises the consumption of wind power and distributed photovoltaic power output. The proposed scheme reduces carbon emissions, promotes the consumption of wind power and distributed photovoltaic output, and is able to reach the goal of low-carbon economic dispatch.

Experience in Monitoring Brazed Aluminium Heat Exchanger, after Major Repairs

Brazed Aluminium Heat Exchangers are fundamental for a natural gas liquid recovery plant. Refrigeration at cryogenic temperatures and the liquefaction process take advantages from their thermal hydraulic efficiency and compactness characteristics, making such units economically feasible. These exchangers are proprietary design, with only a few manufacturers around the world and limited knowledge about their maintenance. After two failures in the same equipment with possible thermal fatigue contributions, occurring only nine months apart, two complex repair procedures had to be carried out. To ensure operational safety, online monitoring through Acoustic Emission Technique has been performed. This monitoring led to discoveries of systems and routine maneuverer that triggered damage mechanisms. This allowed for the implementation of adjustments to mitigate the propagation of damage, thereby increasing the equipment's lifespan. The procedure applied in this type of equipment constitutes an innovative approach using the Acoustic Emission technique, which has resulted in a successful strategy of condition monitoring.

Assessment of Equipment Handling Practices in the Hospitality Industry: A Case Study of Kathmandu’s Key Departments

This study investigates equipment handling practices within the hospitality industry in Kathmandu, focusing on the frequency of use, types of equipment handled, training provided, and safety measures observed. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a quantitative survey approach that targeted 125 participants across three key departments: food production, food and beverage service, and housekeeping. Random sampling techniques were applied to conduct in-depth inspections, evaluate staff training, and assess the documentation and maintenance routines. The findings reveal that a significant portion of staff handles equipment daily, with food production equipment being the most commonly used. While training on equipment handling is regularly provided, issues such as the lack of written guidelines, limited access to personal protective equipment (PPE), and infrequent maintenance checks were identified as critical concerns. Additionally, safety protocols, particularly for heavy equipment, and the clarity of operational instructions were found to be inadequate in some cases. The study underscores the importance of consistent training, proper documentation, and the implementation of safety protocols to enhance equipment handling practices in the hospitality sector.

Medical Equipment Aging: Part III—An Aging Model for Maintenance and Replacement Plannings

The first article of this series demonstrated that some medical equipment exhibits clear, progressive deterioration with age, whereas some others do not. The second article showed that although most equipment remains safely and reliably deployed well over its respective depreciation period and the end-of-life or end-of-support dates declared by the respective manufacturers, some equipment needs to be replaced sooner. Because it is not practical to wait for the collection and analysis of large amounts of data to better plan for maintenance and replacement, a simple, quantitative model for equipment aging is introduced in this article to help improve both types of planning. The model was tested on professionals not directly involved in its formulation and applied to 34 equipment types. The results show this aging model can be used by professionals experienced in medical equipment maintenance and management, with only some basic instructions. Furthermore, it can be used to update the traditional “risk-based criteria” for planned maintenance and turning it into a risk management method fully compliant with the ISO 14971 standard.

Assessment of Power Equipment Operational Safety in the Sustainable Management of Residual Lifespan

Introduction. Ensuring the safe operation of energy facilities is a critical issue at all life cycle stages. It is associated with the adoption of management decisions when rescheduling and assessing the remaining resources, which are made based on a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of the equipment, taking into account the economic efficiency and environmental requirements for further operation, which is the basis for technical and economic assessments. Aim and tasks. This study aims to develop a technical and economic assessment of the safe operation of power equipment to ensure sustainable management of the remaining service lifespan. Results. An algorithm for assessing pipeline system elements by the coolant environment is proposed, which allows for the pipeline load and changes in erosion and corrosion caused by coolant movement. It was proposed that the equipment be systematised by safety class and coolant. When conducting a technical and economic assessment, these parameters and the costs of extending the service life and upgrading the existing equipment were considered in the standard calculations of a certain type of equipment. For this purpose, mathematical models for calculating the residual life for each type, obtained and confirmed based on empirical studies, are proposed. Research findings into ensuring the reliability and safety of operation with various heat carriers have shown that it is necessary to consider low-cycle and high-cycle loads and erosion processes. It was found that the erosive wear rate is 0.3-0.4 mm/year for bending sections of the main circulation pipeline, where maximum loads occur relative to low-cycle and vibration loads, and the stress is 212.5 MPa when assessing the residual life of 7 years. Conclusions. The cost-effectiveness of reassigning the service life is reasonable, as it does not require additional investment in upgrading or replacing equipment subject to annual technical diagnostics. The systematisation of pipelines, improved codifiers, lifespan assessment models, and algorithms for evaluating the remaining life under various loadings enhance the regulatory framework for safe nuclear power plant operations and support technical and economic evaluations for extending their lifespan.

Design of novel bracket structure for falling film devolatilizer and numerical simulation of its film-forming property

The falling film devolatilizer is a new type of devolatilization equipment, which has the advantages of high film-forming efficiency and no mechanical transmission. In this study, a devolatilizer with an open falling film substrate was designed, and the film-forming performance and surface renewal performance of high viscosity fluids under the falling film structure were numerically simulated. The results indicate that the opening of the falling film substrate makes the liquid film thinner, which is beneficial for the stretching of the liquid film. The advantages of the falling film under low viscosity and high flow rate conditions are more significant. Simultaneously, four bracket structures were designed. Compared with the rectangular bracket, the renewal frequency of fan-shaped brackets can be increased by more than 20%, and the flow rate can be increased by about 10%. The improvement of the two can directly improve the falling film devolatilization performance, so as to improve the polymer polymerization degree and improve the product performance. Therefore, exploring the falling film support frame with high devolatilization performance provides a certain engineering practical significance for the design of devolatilization equipment.