Types Of Communication Channels Research Articles

Influencer Marketing and Consumer Behavior During Pandemic Covid-19: A Scenario of Textile Industry of Pakistan

Purpose: The perseverance of this study is to examine how the influence of marketing via V-logging on Instagram has changed consumers’ buying behavior in the current pandemic in Pakistan.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employed the 'media richness theory,' which states that there are various types of communication channels, each of which tends to be richer than the others based on two major principles associated with those channels: the first is a communication's tendency to provide sufficient feedback, and the second is the cues the medium can provide.
 Findings: By exploring the factors that are affecting the buying intentions of consumers using Instagram adverts, the research study attempted to portray a new yet different viewpoint on the use of media richness theory. The study purports to examine the role of social media influencers in changing consumer purchase intention in Pakistan during the Pandemic and the chances that it may remain uniform even after the pandemic passes for young Pakistani consumers only.
 Implications/Originality/Value: 
 Finding of the study suggests that as social media play a key role in changing consumer purchases intentions. Thus, this could be improved and ought to be in more realistic way for the benefit of society.

International student experience in Indonesia and public diplomacy consequences: Governance of Darmasiswa program

<span lang="EN-US">This study discussed Darmasiswa program as Indonesia’s public diplomacy effort in the educational fields conducted by the Republic Indonesia Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemendikbud RI). Despite its vast opportunities, Indonesia still has difficulties attracting international students compared to various neighboring countries. By analyzing the seven pillars of public diplomacy, supported by international communication and industry 4.0 concept, this study showed that Kemendikbud has considered the seven pillars in public diplomacy in conducting public diplomacy efforts. It is found that Darmasiswa is a state-directed effort designed to enhance favorable international relations through the student movement’s positive experience. The strategy is formed by uses various types of communication channels that support each other’s. The message is also processed by involving policy and rationality by prioritizing consistent, truthful, and credible as part of the main elements. Besides, they form strategies by maximizing cooperation with various parties. In Kemendikbud, the program undertakes audience research and actors from 1st and 2nd track diplomacy as part of its tactics. The program also found that public diplomacy in Darmasiswa program has acknowledged changes in the 4.0 era through new media usage. However, there are still many challenges encountered in the performance of the seven pillars.</span>

Time-Varying Formation Predictive Control of Second-Order Networked Multi-Agent Systems With Three-Channel Random Communication Constraints

This paper presents a time-varying formation tracking control scheme for second-order networked multi-agent systems with random network-induced delays and packet losses. Three types of communication channels are considered: the feedback and forward channels of each agent as well as the channels between agents. To mitigate the adverse effects of the three-channel communication constraints, a novel distributed predictive control scheme is proposed by combining the networked predictive control approach and the time-delay system approach. Then, the stability condition for the resulting closed-loop time-delay system is derived via the Lyapunov theory, which is independent of the random communication constraints in the forward and feedback channels. Finally, comparative simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed scheme.

Pragmatic analysis of the phraseological unit ¡calla ho!

Certain areas of the language don’t attain a complete characterization until they are analyzed through the pragmatic perspective: phraseology is an example of this. This is why we decided to do a phraseopragmatic analysis of the idiomatic expression ¡calla ho!. At first, we pay attention to that expression as a phraseological unit, that is, as a completely institutionalized segment that shows fixation and semantic specialization. Next, we analyze the elements that compose it and the individual meaning of each of them in order to discern the motivation shown by the union of the two elements and the translating meaning that derives from it. Finally, the pragmatic analysis is developed taking into account the contexts of use through Austins’s speech acts theory, that is, in some cases the speech constitutes an exercitive act and in others a behabitive act. For this purpose, we use spontaneous speech samples that represent the contexts in which this phraseological unit can be found, with the aim of providing a description of the different uses and communicative values that it shows. These samples are taken from WhatsApp conversations, since this type of communication channel, like other chats, is characterized by communicative immediacy, regardless of the elapsed time between the emission and reception of the message, in contrast to other media that a priori may seem similar, such as email.

Informing craft producers in South Africa

Craft producers struggle to access the retail market because of their inability to communicateeffectively. Understanding craft retailers’ buying behaviour, particularly with regard to thecommunication channels used, could potentially assist craft producers to create better awarenessof their crafts. The purpose of this article is to investigate the communication channels used byformal craft retailers when searching for craft suppliers and craft products. A survey of formal craft retailers resulted in a total of 233 useable questionnaires. Principalcomponent factor analysis was used to identify the various types of communication channelswhile ANOVA analysis was applied to test the hypothesis. The results indicated that craft retailers differ in their use of certain communication channels and that they tend to use particular channels more often than others. The factor analysisidentified three types of communication channels: internal and personal, promotional, and printadvertising. The results further indicated that craft retailers consult internal and personal channelsmore frequently than promotional channels and print advertising. The results also revealed thatdifferent types of craft retailers differ in their preference of promotional channels, whereas no suchdifferences could be found in the way these craft retailers used internal and personal channels orprint advertising. The results presented in this article provide useful insights – especially to informal craft producers– on how to improve their visibility and product availability by communicating more effectively withformal craft retailers.

Thriving in a shifting landscape: Role of social media in support of business strategy

Contemporary organizations need to communicate with their customers in order to know them better, so that they can learn how to better satisfy their needs, provide better customer service and in so doing improve their commercial performance. Social media are one type of communication channel that organizations currently use to support these strategies. The purpose of this paper is to study how different types of organizations employ social media to support their business strategies, and how this affects the organizations’ performance. To achieve this goal, this study collects information from several organizations in Tehran, the Capital of Iran, and 58 managers, marketing experts, social media experts and university faculty. This study uses questionnaires to collect data and employs descriptive-inferential statistical methods to analyze the data. The results show that social media play an important role, yet differing role, in supporting prospector, analyzer, reactor and defender business development strategies that are key elements in business performance improvement.

Low-Complexity Channel Codes for Reliable Molecular Communication via Diffusion.

It is envisioned that healthcare systems of the future will be revolutionized with the development and integration of body-centric networks into future generations of communication systems, giving rise to the so-called “Internet of Bio-nano things”. Molecular communications (MC) emerge as the most promising way of transmitting information for in-body communications. One of the biggest challenges is how to minimize the effects of environmental noise and reduce the inter-symbol interference (ISI) which in an MC via diffusion scenario can be very high. To address this problem, channel coding is one of the most promising techniques. In this paper, we study the effects of different channel codes integrated into MC systems. We provide a study of Tomlinson, Cercas, Hughes (TCH) codes as a new attractive approach for the MC environment due to the codeword properties which enable simplified detection. Simulation results show that TCH codes are more effective for these scenarios when compared to other existing alternatives, without introducing too much complexity or processing power into the system. Furthermore, an experimental proof-of-concept macroscale test bed is described, which uses pH as the information carrier, and which demonstrates that the proposed TCH codes can improve the reliability in this type of communication channel.

Classification of Road Traffic Anomaly Based on Travel Data Analysis

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) collect travel data based on various smart devices and sensors, with the goal of enabling a vehicle to operate under its own power. Fully automation vehicle is expected to have full control over all functions. In order to manage large amounts of data in different formats collected via various types of communication channels, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, a deep learning concept, inspired by the human central nervous system, is proposed. Deep learning is a type of machine learning in which a model learns to perform classification tasks directly from input datasets. In this case, it also refers to a three-layer structure: an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. In this paper, various machine learning schemes have been proposed in order to detect anomalous conditions in urban road traffic. Furthermore, an evaluation of performance analysis based on simulation result of these schemes is performed. A deep learning concept is introduced to manage vehicle speed data, with the goal of detecting anomalous conditions in urban road traffic.

Securing emergent behaviour in swarm robotics

Swarm robotics is the study of how a large number of relatively simple robots can be designed so that a desired collective behaviour emerges from the local interactions among robots and between the robots and their environment. While many aspects of a swarm may be modelled as various types of ad hoc networks, and accordingly many aspects of security of the swarm may be achieved by conventional means, here we will focus on swarm emergent behaviour as something that most distinguishes swarm robotics from ad hoc networks. We discuss the challenges emergent behaviour poses on communications security, and by classifying a swarm by types of robots, types of communication channels, and types of adversaries, we examine what classes may be secured by traditional methods and focus on aspects that are most relevant to allowing emergent behaviour. We will examine how this can be secured by ensuring that communication is secure. We propose a simple solution using hash chains, and by modelling swarm communications using a series of random graphs, we show that this allows us to identify rogue robots with a high probability.

Exposure to Extremist Content and Public Sympathy for ISIS

This study examines how individuals’ exposure to ISIS-related propaganda affects public sympathy for ISIS. We examine the extent that each type of communication channel (e.g. online media, traditional offline media, and in-person interactions) affects an individual’s perceptions of ISIS. We use a nationally representative sample (N = 1,609) from Turkey, which has played an important role during the rise and fall of ISIS with its unique geographical, social, and political position. The findings suggest a significant relationship between exposure to in-person propaganda and having sympathy for ISIS. However, this relationship does not exist for online and traditional media propaganda.

Static Privacy Analysis by Flow Reconstruction of Tainted Data

Software security vulnerabilities and leakages of private information are two of the main issues in modern software systems. Several different approaches, ranging from design techniques to run-time monitoring, have been applied to prevent, detect and isolate such vulnerabilities. Static taint analysis has been particularly successful in detecting injection vulnerabilities at compile time. However, its extension to detect leakages of sensitive data has been only partially investigated. In this paper, we introduce BackFlow, a backward flow reconstructor that, starting from the results of a generic taint analysis engine, reconstructs the flow of tainted data. If successful, BackFlow provides full information about the flow that such data (e.g. private information or user input) traversed inside the program before reaching a sensitive point (e.g. Internet communication or execution of an SQL query). Such information is needed to extend taint analysis to privacy analyses, since in such a scenario it is important to know which exact type of sensitive data flows to what type of communication channels. BackFlow has been implemented in Julia (an industrial static analyzer for Java, Android and .NET programs), and applied to WebGoat and different benchmarks to detect both injections and privacy issues. The experimental results prove that BackFlow is able to reconstruct the flow of tainted data for most of the true positives, it scales up to industrial applications, and it can be effectively applied to privacy analysis, such as the detection of sensitive data leaks or compliance with a data regulation.

ANALYTICAL SIMULATION METHODS DETERMINING THE BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK WITH DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION CHANNELS AND A CHANGING STRUCTURE

The article deals with the problems of determining the main quality indicators of a telecommunications network with different types of communication channels and the time-varying structure of their functioning to ensure the specified reliability and time of delivery of protected messages to information consumers. The main method of solving this problem is using analytical and simulation methods on personal computers. Comparison of the obtained simulation results with the results of analytical models are also given. The developed algorithms for simulation of the process of transmitting messages in various transmission modes allow obtaining distribution of time for message delivery in the system, waiting times for messages in the communication center and many other benefits.

Classification of stakeholders (users) of accounting information for the enterprise cybersecurity purposes

Introduction. The intensification of cyberrisks due to global hybrid conflicts, the COVID-19 pandemic, and economic imbalances threatens the accounting system as the main generator of economic information, which requires the organization of an effective system of enterprises cybersecurity. It is necessary to understand cyberthreats impact on the functioning of different types of stakeholders for development of the effective cybersecurity.Purpose. The main purpose is to research and improve the classification of accounting information users for the enterprises cybersecurity and minimize the variable cyberrisks that threaten different groups of stakeholders.Methods. General scientific empirical, logical and historical methods of cognition of reality in the process of researching the relevance of variable cyberthreats for different types of stakeholders were used. The research is based on general methods of studying economic processes, facts and phenomena from the standpoint of accounting and enterprises cybersecurity. The information base of the research is historical documents on the classification of stakeholders, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists about dividing users of accounting information into types, and so on.Results. It is proved that the classical scientific views on the classification of accounting information users are ineffective for the purposes of enterprises cyberprotection, as they do not take into account the activation of relevant for the digital economy of variable cyberthreats. It is proposed to classify accounting information users by the following criteria: the ability to manage the activities of the business entity, the right of access, the likelihood of cyberthreats, the ability to dispose of the access right, access to accounting objects, functional law, information processing, economic activity, age, organizational and legal form, type of communication channels used, frequency of information acts.Discussion. The use of the proposed stakeholders’ classification helps to identify cyberrisks; prevent, avoid and minimize cyberthreats consequences, relevant to each type of accounting information users, which requires further research about enterprises cybersecurity.

FUNGSI PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM MENGKOMUNIKASIKAN MEDIA ONLINE MEDCOM.ID

The success of a company in carrying out its activities cannot be separated from the interference of public relations activities. The steps that will be taken by Public Relations must be considered because the Public Relations function that is carried out in every company activity has a major influence on the sustainability of the company. Online media is a communication channel that occurs online through websites on the internet whether it contains text, photos, videos, or music. All types of communication channels on the internet are online media. With the existence of online media, the information obtained will be spread more quickly, the information provided will get direct feedback from the audience and the cost is relatively cheap. Good and positive use of online media will get good and positive responses from the public as well. Research with the constructivism paradigm with a case study research method. Data collection techniques using non-participant observation and conducting interviews with sources. The results showed that the activities of the Public Relations Function in communicating online media medcom.id had been carried out well by the company. Publicity activities and press agentry are aspects of the public relations function that are most often used in corporate activities including aspects of external relations, advertising, public affairs, lobbying, and issue management.

Impact of V2G Communication on Grid Node Voltage at Charging Station in a Smart Grid Scenario

This article discusses the impact of realistic communication systems on charging stations at multiple nodes of the subfeeder in an electricity grid distribution system. A vehicle to grid (V2G) system is modeled in this article comprising of the electricity grid, aggregators, controllers, charging station, electric vehicles, and communication channels. Fuzzy logic controllers are at two levels; one at the distribution level and the other at the charging station level. Two types of communication channels are considered between the entities of the V2G network with charging stations at multiple nodes of the electricity grid. The basic access method of the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol using the distributed coordination function is used by electric vehicles to transmit their data packets to a charging station aggregator. An in-depth analysis of the system is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink environment by varying the bit error rate, timeout required to send a packet in the WiFi channel for multiple retransmissions, and the number of electric vehicles on the distribution grid node voltage. Root-mean-square error of node voltage is calculated for different values of the mentioned parameters to propose a real-time V2G infrastructure with an integrated communication system.

Hierarchical model of information signals formation at the physical layer in FANET

Creation of reliable and efficient flying ad-hoc networks (FANET) requires detailed development of the model of the physical layer of data transmission, determined by the conditions of operation of the networks. The problems of well-known software simulators of communication networks are the simplified nature of the physical layer, as well as the inability to obtain specific analytical solutions in the process of simulation. The hierarchical model of formation of information signals which allows to represent various types of communication channels and the channel-forming equipment, for providing their analytical description and the further analysis is developed. The model allows to describe communication channels between UAVs and (or) ground control centers taking into account the effects of attenuation, intersymbol interference, multipath propagation of signals; schemes of terminal and intermediate network equipment with linear and nonlinear signal conversion; circuits with forward regulation, backward regulation and combined regulation; circuits with multi-channel signal generation and processing, as well as cross-links between channels. Analytical expressions of the transfer function of the generalized hierarchical model for an arbitrary number of disclosed levels of hierarchy are obtained. An example of the presentation and study of the UAV transmitter circuit on the basis of a hierarchical model of signal formation is considered.

Improving customer routing in contact centers: An automated triage design based on text analytics

AbstractWe propose an automated triage design for intelligent customer routing in live‐chat contact centers and demonstrate its implementation using a real‐world data set from an S&P 500 firm. The proposed design emerges as a synthesis of text analytics and predictive machine learning methods. Using numerical experiments based on the simulation of the firm's contact center, we demonstrate the service level, time, and labor cost benefits of the automated design over two other triage designs (i.e., customer choice triage and human expert triage) that are commonly employed in the real world. Through additional analyses, we explore the generalizability of the automated design for creating solutions for different types of communication channels. Our work has implications for managing customer relations under emerging communication technologies (e.g., live‐chat, e‐mail, and social media) and more broadly for demonstrating the use of text analytics and machine learning to improve Operations Management practice.

Care, competency, or honesty? Framing emergency preparedness messages and risks for nuclear energy in Singapore

It is imperative to provide emergency preparedness messages so that the public can react appropriately to potential nuclear crises. Considering the mass media's extensive audience outreach, this study investigates how emergency preparedness message frames and the type of communication channels can influence individuals’ trust in government, risk perceptions, and acceptance of nuclear energy development in a neighboring country. A 4 (Emergency preparedness message frame: competence vs. care vs. honesty vs. control) × 2 (Communication channel: social media vs. traditional media) between-subjects factorial experiment was conducted online with 600 participants. Messages centered on care influenced participants’ trust in government the most. Messages disseminated through traditional media impacted participants’ trust in government more than social media. Participants’ trust in government and risk perceptions mediated the relationship between message frames and the types of communication channel on their acceptance of nuclear energy development in a neighboring country. Theoretical implications, practical implications, and directions for future research are discussed.

How to promote chemical literacy? On-line question posing and communicating with scientists

Facilitating students' chemical literacy is a focal point of current science education. This study examines views of chemists and chemistry teachers on chemical literacy and, more broadly, on scientific literacy of four kinds of stakeholders: scientists, teachers, STEM students, and the educated public. We explored the views of 347 participants, representing the four stakeholder groups with diversified scientific literacy, and an Ask-a-Scientist public website as a communication channel for facilitating chemical literacy through posing questions. Research tools included interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and questions retrieved from the website. We found that the questions posed on the website expressed a range of levels of chemical literacy that the students had constructed. The stakeholder groups expressed diverse perspectives of their experiences using various types of communication channels, arguing for the need to encourage students to pose questions and receive scientists' responses. Our study is placed in the larger context of scientific literacy and communication channels, as it takes the example of chemical literacy, with a focus on communications among scientists and chemistry teachers in the context of an Ask-a-Scientist website. It has established a link between responses of various stakeholders and the literature definitions regarding scientific literacy with focus on chemical literacy. From a practical viewpoint, the study presents a productive communication channel for posing questions in the context of chemistry and other sciences. Methodologically, this study includes the design of tools for analyzing both the views of different stakeholders and for evaluating the complexity level of chemistry questions, which might serve chemistry educators.

Diffusion and adoption of research data management services

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the diffusion patterns, especially the communication channels, in the diffusion and adoption of research data management services (RDMS) among libraries.Design/methodology/approachLiterature about the RDMS in individual libraries was gathered and analyzed. Data relevant to the research questions were extracted and analyzed.FindingsEarly adopters conduct much original research to create RDMS and they often serve as change agents in diffusing their RDMS and related innovations to other libraries. In contrast, late adopters usually learn from early adopters and use their innovations for establishing their own RDMS. Communication channels used in diffusing RDMS deviate slightly from those reported in general diffusion of innovations (DOI) theories.Research limitations/implicationsGathered literature provides incomplete and uneven information for RDMS adopters. This makes it difficult to identify adopter categories and test many generalizations in DOI theories. To overcome these limitations, surveys and interviews will be conducted in the future.Originality/valueFindings from this project contribute to general DOI theories because RDMS is unique compared with many other innovations. The diffusion of RDMS is a decentralized process that involves a high-degree of reinvention and it involves the generation and diffusion of many relevant innovations. The project also identified scholarly communication and inter-organization networks as new types of communication channels that are not well accounted for in existing DOI theories.