Twentieth Anniversary Research Articles

Творческий юбилей Галимджана Ибрагимова (на примере архивных источников)

The article presents with archival materials in which the celebrations of the twentieth anniversary of the Tatar literature classic, publicist, public figure Galimjan Ibragimov, held in 1928, are documented. The funds of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan) and the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) have a protocol and a transcript from the celebrations dedicated to this anniversary. The protocol is printed in Tatar, the transcript is presented in Russian. Due to a serious lung disease, the writer was residing in Yalta for treatment at the time. The preparation and holding of events was organised at the highest level, the anniversary date was celebrated even outside the Tatar Republic. Although G. Ibragimov was not able to attend the event personally, the anniversary was held on a large scale and was broadcast on the radio. A concert was organised and a play based on the writer’s drama New People was staged. At the end of the event, a telegram with anniversary greetings to the hero of the day was read and later sent to Yalta. Later, G. Ibragimov sent a reply telegram with words of gratitude to the editorial offices of the newspapers “Kyzyl Tatarstan” and “Eshche”. Among those invited and speaking were prominent literary and public figures and orientalists (I. Rakhmatullin, G. Nigmati, G. Linstser), birthday greetings from various addressees from Russian cities and abroad were read out. The transcript is very voluminous. As can be seen from the content, prominent figures took part in the meeting, such as N. Tyuryakulov, I. Borozdin, A.N. Maksudov, B.Kh. Mansurov, A.M. Arsharuni. The speakers’ speeches trace the significant role of G. Ibragimov in the public life of the Tatar people, as a literary scholar, researcher and public figure. The article provides quotes from archival documents in the original language and facts concerning the writer’s creative anniversary from the periodical press of the first half of the 20th century.

DNA barcoding: An effective molecular tool for species identification, molecular authentication and phylogeny studies in plant science research

DNA barcoding is a technique for identifying specimens using brief, standardised DNA segments. In a variety of fields, including phylogeny, ecology, population genetics and biodiversity, DNA barcoding has become a successful method for precisely distinguishing species. The method is straightforward, efficient in both time and money and accurate. The key to successful DNA barcoding is choosing the right DNA marker. Since the idea of a quick approach for species identification was first put up in 2003, the scientific community has been keen to realise the potential of DNA barcodes. Cytochrome c oxidase, I (COI) region of the mitochondrial genome is mostly recognised as a standard barcoding region in animals. Later, rbcL + matK pairing, with a 70 % discriminating efficiency, was suggested by the Plant Working Group (PWG) of the Consortium for the Barcoding of Life (CBOL) as the standard barcode in plants. Three conditions must be met for a gene region to be an efficient DNA barcode: it must have sufficient species-level genetic divergence and variability, it must have conserved flanking regions for the widest taxonomic use and for generating universal PCR primers and it should be long enough to facilitate current capability for sequencing and extracting DNA. Different combinations of plastid coding, non-coding and nuclear markers are utilised as supplemental markers to boost the degree of plant species differentiation. The reliability of different barcodes in distinguishing species varies among different groups of plants. As DNA barcoding approaches its twentieth anniversary, technologies are still being developed that make use of this resource, which is constantly expanding in a variety of biological disciplines. Plant DNA barcoding, which became a scientific advance during the last ten years, is frequently employed as a taxonomical aid in identifying species. It is a way of choosing genetic loci that identifies and distinguishes an organism's membership from specific species, variations or even intervarieties. It varies from molecular phylogeny, which identifies an unknown sample from an existing classification rather than identifying patterns of association.

Aleksander Dubiński (1924–2002), on the 20th anniversary of his death

The aim of the article is to present the profile and professional path of Aleksander Dubiński (1924–2002) on the twentieth anniversary of his death. A long-time researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies at the University of Warsaw and a student tutor, he was interested in many aspects of turcological knowledge, with a particular emphasis on research on the culture of the Karaim minority and Lithuanian-Polish Tatars. The article also discusses the Oriental book collection and periodicals left by Aleksander Dubiński.

Ukraine in Soviet Narratives about the October Revolution: A Case Study of Ihor Savchenko’s Film Ballad About Cossack Holota (1937)

Ukraine’s social, political, and cultural history has become a controversial issue since the 1990s. Dominant until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, the discourse about the Soviet brotherly nations has since been contested by depictions of Ukraine as politically and ideologically divided over the course of its 20th-century history. Russia-Ukraine war that began with the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 Feb 2022 has had a dramatic impact on the process of replacing the formerly standard version of Ukraine’s past with new interpretations. At the same time, Russia’s war on Ukraine has also demonstrated that Soviet-era collective memory about the key events in Soviet history has outlived the Soviet state and has been mobilized for political use. When in pain of heart a Ukrainian politician says that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has cancelled a shared past of Ukraine and Russia, he refers to a familiar discourse about these nations’ familial ties (Tkach). With this discourse now shattered, the question of particular salience is: How was the idea of brotherhood between Ukraine and other Soviet nations expressed and sustained? How did it evolve? In light of Russia-Ukraine war, the stories that were building blocks of the Soviet foundational narrative about Ukraine and Russia as fraternal nations are worth revisiting. An analysis of such stories reveals the mechanism of making Ukraine’s part an integral part of Soviet culture. In this paper, I discuss the issue of the evolution of the Soviet discourse about ‘eternal friendship of Ukrainian and Russian peoples’ in the example of Igor Savchenko’s film Ballad About Cossack Holota ( Duma pro kozaka Golotu, 1937), released by the Gorkii Film Studio as part of the celebrations of the twentieth anniversary of the October Revolution. Igor Savchenko (Ihor Savchenko in 24 | WEEReview 13 | 2024 Ukraine in Soviet Narratives about the October Revolution Ukrainian) was a Ukrainian Soviet film director who made films both in Russian and Ukrainian film studios; his work played an important role in promoting the idea of familial ties between Ukraine and Russia. Ballad About Cossak Holota is based on Arkadii Gaidar’s novella for children R.V.S. (1925) that is set during the Civil War in Ukraine, following the October Revolution. Savchenko’s film is especially interesting in how he reworks Gaidar’s story; he depicts events of the Civil War in the context of Ukraine’s 17th-18th-century history, drawing on Ukrainian folklore. Cossack Holota, a character from Ukrainian folklore, becomes a symbol of the revolutionary liberation of Ukraine, a promise of a just social and political order. Drawing on memory studies, post-colonial theory, and theory of deconstruction, I discuss the artistic means that Savchenko used in order to integrate Ukraine’s experience of the revolution and the Civil War into the Soviet discourse about the fight for Soviet power. Savchenko constructs Ukraine’s response to the revolution by making use of tropes of a big family, Biblical imagery, elements of folk culture, conventions of the adventure film. The study of Savchenko’s film contributes to our understanding of the debates about Soviet-era and presentday collective memory about the October Revolution and the Civil War in Ukraine and Russia. As the discourse about the biggest Soviet nations’ familial unity is yet another casualty of Russia-Ukraine war, it is important to consider how the idea of brotherhood between Ukraine and other Soviet nations was expressed in Soviet cinema. Such analysis explains why Ukrainian’s common emotional response to the start of the war was that of a feeling of shock and betrayal.

Resisting Root Shock in the Collapsed City: Constructing Community and the Fight to Stay Put through Tenant Organizing in Dublin

Mindy Thompson Fullilove's concept of 'Root Shock' captures the trauma caused by the mass displacement and dispossession associated with urban renewal. In the twenty years since it was published, such policies have set in motion waves of trauma and 'dispossessive praxis' (Lancione, 2024, p. 841), producing what Fullilove (2004, p. 99) calls 'a downward spiral of collapse'. Reflecting on the book's twentieth anniversary, in this paper we draw on root shock and ancillary concepts to reflect on what happens when the forms of community, reciprocity, and solidarity presupposed in analyses of residents' experience of displacement have already been hollowed out? We do so by examining how housing movements have had to simultaneously resist displacement and engage in active processes to create community, focusing on the experience of the Community Action Tenants Union (CATU) in Ireland. We show that the denial of roots requires the praxis of cultivating and nurturing their potential through tenant organizing.

Making for “strange bedfellows”: the Women, Peace and Security agenda after UNSCRs 2467 and 2493

ABSTRACT In 2019, a year before the twentieth anniversary of the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) adopted two more resolutions – UNSCRs 2467 and 2493 – under the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) thematic agenda. The WPS agenda is considered revolutionary for bringing women’s rights and security into the UNSC; however, it also reflects the precariousness of the alliance between feminist activists and the UNSC. During the drafting of UNSCRs 2467 and 2493, the United States (US), Russia, and China – all permanent members of the UNSC – objected to the inclusion of certain language in the final texts. The US pushed for the deletion of language on sexual and reproductive health from UNSCR 2467, while Russia and China challenged the definition of women human rights defenders in UNSCR 2493. These objections epitomize and contribute to the global pushback on women’s rights and security, which foregrounds concerns that the UNSC and feminist activists make for “strange bedfellows.” In this article, we consider whether the UNSC has been used as a forum to damage women’s rights and security.

Twentieth Anniversary of the Media Education Journal: Main Trends in Research

Twentieth Anniversary of the Media Education Journal: Main Trends in Research

The twentieth anniversary of the Law of Ukraine "On state support of the agriculture of Ukraine": is there a future?

The article analyzes the twenty-year history of the existence of the special Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine". Adopted in 2004, this Law was the need of the hour - it became a key legislative act, which actually laid the foundation for the further qualitative development of agro-protection law. The twenty-year existence of this Law requires an analysis of its evolution and problematic issues, determination of development trends and real impact on social relations. Such a fundamental analysis will make it possible to answer the main question: is this Law able to effectively regulate agro-protection relations in today's complex conditions, taking into account the war and post-war challenges. The conducted research was structured according to three stages of the transformation of the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine”: the stage of approbation of the primary model (2004-2008); the stage of anti-crisis modernization (2009­2019); stage of forced modernization (2020 - until today). In general, after analyzing the twenty- year history of the evolution of the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine”, we can conclude that this Law does not fulfill the socially important tasks assigned to it. It had the most conceptual appearance in its initial edition; the least conceptual - today. A significant part of its norms throughout the period of its existence remained declarative, which in general had an extremely negative impact on the regulation of agricultural protection relations: declarative, non­working norms created a distorted image of the current system of state support for agriculture. The current agricultural protection legislation does not provide for any "pillars”, i.e., key legal support mechanisms - instead, the Law now contains a scattered list of individual mechanisms with a greater or lesser degree of detail in their regulation. Even the state of war and the need for special support of agricultural producers in the period 2022-2024 did not push the lawmaker to conceptual reform of the current agricultural protection legislation, but the urgent need for its implementation is already obvious.

Review on the materials of a comprehensive study of pedagogical activity in the context of innovative changes

A review of the materials of a comprehensive study of the factors of successful teaching activity during the period of reform and modernization of Russian education is presented. At a round table meeting dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of scientific heritage of the Department of Theory and Methods of Vocational Education, Samara National Research University (February 28, 2024), its results were discussed. Theoretical significance of the results for the development of pedagogical science is noted, the patterns of which serve as the basis for determining means of solving pressing problems for the development of modern education in Russia. The authors pay special attention to the practical significance of scientific materials containing evidence of the implementation of the developed didactic systems in educational institutions by participants in a comprehensive study.

Difficult Memories as Institutional Narrative: U.S. Journalists’ Recollections of 9/11 Across Three Anniversaries

ABSTRACT Due to professional norms like objectivity, the emotional experiences U.S. journalists have while reporting tend to be obscured. However, occasions of memory-making, particularly around traumatic events, not only permit expression, but channel these emotions into promoting romanticized visions of journalism. The observances of 9/11 anniversaries in the U.S. serve as one critical site where sanctioned display of journalists’ emotions feed into assertions about journalism’s social value and, by extension, its legitimacy. Drawing on Zelizer’s interpretive communities with Hanitzsch and Vos’s discursive institutionalism, this study examines U.S. journalists’ retellings of difficult memories, or the emotional, painful, and/or traumatic experiences endured in the course of covering the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Thematic analysis of the first, tenth, and twentieth anniversaries reveals how these recollections reinforce idealized notions of journalists as uniquely compassionate, heroic individuals driven by a sense of duty. In doing so, the analysis establishes difficult memories as unruly rhetorical tools that can both bolster and undermine institutional authority. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how the persistence of nostalgized narratives, exemplified by 9/11 anniversaries, impacts journalism’s ability to navigate its past, present, and future amidst ongoing industry decline.

Prefigurings Remembered

This essay serves as an introduction to a suite of essays exploring the significance and resonance of Charles V. Carnegie’s Postnationalism Prefigured (2002). The occasion for these reflections is the twentieth anniversary of the publication of the book. The authors’ discussion examines the place of Carnegie’s work in relation to questions of Caribbean intellectual genealogies. They locate him multiply: as a student of the 1960s generation and as a scholar in his own right among a cohort of critics writing at the turn of the century. They also examine and reflect on the ongoing importance of Carnegie’s scholarship.

Death and Prefiguration

This essay, part of a roundtable celebrating the twentieth anniversary of the publication of Charles V. Carnegie’s Postnationalism Prefigured (2002), explores the theoretical effects of Carnegie’s insistence that we release ourselves from the thrall of liberal Western sovereignty. It addresses Carnegie’s prescient interventions in relation to three canards of political philosophy—race-based notions of belonging, the centrality of secularism to modern notions of political community, and particular discourses of autonomy and self-determination. The author argues that what Carnegie shows us is that the modernity of control and containment is continually one or two steps behind the countermodernity of subalterns, and that autonomy is rooted not in the race-nation-territory triad but in the everyday movements within, across, and beyond it.

The Dundus and the Chineyman

On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of Charles V. Carnegie’s Postnationalism Prefigured (2002), this essay extends Carnegie’s insights about the inadequacy of using concepts of race as the foundation for nationalism to explore the social exclusions that are enforced in such constructions along lines of not only race but gender and sexuality as well. Taking a cue from a personal anecdote Carnegie relates in the book about the problem he poses as a “dundus” (Jamaican with albinism) for systems of racial classification, the author relies on reminiscence and a similar anecdote about his own misrecognition as “chineyman” (Chinese Jamaican) and possible “battyman” (gay man) to uncover the heterosexual and patriarchal norms that also underwrite the race/nation imaginary.

The COPD Foundation on Its Twentieth Anniversary.

The COPD Foundation on Its Twentieth Anniversary.

UNESCO and Intangible Cultural Heritage in Science and Social Studies Textbooks for the Fourth Grade of Elementary School

On the occasion of the upcoming twentieth anniversary of the adoption of the UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, it is important to emphasise the role of intangible cultural heritage in preserving the identity of an individual nation. This paper analyses the Science and Social Studies textbooks for the 4th grade of elementary school. The aim of the paper is to determine the representation of intangible cultural heritage inscribed on UNESCO's list of cultural goods by analysing textbooks and to provide guidelines for approaching this topic. The review of textbooks revealed differences in the approach to coverage relating to content related to intangible cultural heritage in textbooks by different authors and different publishing houses. It was observed that different authors approach the topics of cultural heritage differently, and intangible heritage is represented differently in different textbooks. In the majority of textbooks, intangible cultural heritage inscribed on the UNESCO list is well presented, but it is mostly mentioned as such without additional explanations and visual representations. It is necessary to approach this topic in education in a way that will encourage students to be active and participate in preserving the intangible cultural heritage that is a part of each of them, with a textbook being just one of the available tools in the teaching process.

Навстречу новой жизни: путь длиною в 20 лет

High professionalism, love for children and innovative technologies, constant improvement by employees of their knowledge, skills and abilities form the foundation of the work of GBUZ MO “MOPTS”. At the end of October this year, GBUZ MO “MOPTS” celebrated its twentieth anniversary. For 20 years, about 100 thousand babies have been born in the GBUZ MO “MOPTS” walls – and this is a whole city. It is important to note that the development of GBUZ MO “MOPTS” has always been carried out, is being carried out and, of course, will be carried out within the framework of the main directions of state policy to improve the quality and accessibility of medical care based on new clinical, organizational, structural and organizational management methods and technologies.

Celebrating the Twentieth Anniversary of the Maputo Protocol: Advancing Women's Rights in Conflict and Post-Conflict Contexts through Collaborative Efforts

Celebrating the Twentieth Anniversary of the Maputo Protocol: Advancing Women's Rights in Conflict and Post-Conflict Contexts through Collaborative Efforts

A Mapping of Graduate Attributes across Micro, Meso, and Macro University Experiences: Evidence from a Transnational University in China

This study explores the complexity of generic graduate attributes, including soft skills, qualities, competencies, and capabilities in order to pinpoint how graduate attributes are cultivated in practice during the university experience. Few studies have examined the active and formative role of universities in cultivating generic graduate attributes. Even less have examined which skills and related subskills are developed according to graduates themselves, much less the extent to which those acquired specific skills mindsets and subskills are attributable to micro-level pedagogical practices, meso-level university experiences or macro-level, institution-level frameworks, vision, or mission statements. Additionally, there is a paucity of research on the attributes of graduates from transnational higher education institutions and specifically from Sino-foreign cooperative universities. This study thus aims to address these gaps and is also timely as it coincides with the twentieth anniversary of the University of Nottingham Ningbo China, established in 2004, which is the first Sino-foreign higher education institution. This study adopts an overarching exploratory research methodology mobilizing both quantitative survey data collection and qualitative in-depth, semi-structured interviews. This research is innovative because it is a bottom-up retrospective mapping to localize exactly where, within the entire university experience, graduates attribute the acquisition of their skills/graduateness, including across both curricular and extracurricular experiences.

Career connections: transnational expert networks and multilateral cybercrime negotiations

ABSTRACT The Council of Europe’s Budapest Convention on cybercrime (2001) remains a key landmark in multilateral governance on cybersecurity. Negotiated over two decades ago, this regional agreement gains renewed significance today through its enduring impact, its rarity as a binding multilateral agreement on cyber-issues, and its role in shaping the debate on free speech and the criminalization of online content. This article asks how the almost-total exclusion of content crimes from the Convention can be explained. Drawing on new documents published for the twentieth anniversary of the Convention, including detailed testimonials from its chair and principal drafters, the article highlights the importance of long-term career connections among technically-savvy and diplomatically experienced negotiators, creating a transnational policy network that overcame differences and power imbalances. Understanding how the Budapest Convention resolved disagreements helps contextualize current crises in multilateral cybersecurity and cybercrime governance and provides a path away from growing digital authoritarianism.

Decoding Catalysis by Terpene Synthases.

The review by Christianson, published in 2017 on the twentieth anniversary of the emergence of the field, summarizes the foundational discoveries and key advances in terpene synthase/cyclase (TS) biocatalysis (Christianson, D. W. Chem Rev2017, 117 (17), 11570-11648. DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00287). Here, we review the TS literature published since then, bringing the field up to date and looking forward to what could be the near future of TS rational design. Many revealing discoveries have been made in recent years, building on the knowledge and fundamental principles uncovered during those initial two decades of study. We use these to explore TS reaction chemistry and see how a combined experimental and computational approach helps to decipher the complexities of TS catalysis. Revealed are a suite of catalytic motifs which control product outcome in TSs, some obvious, some more subtle. We examine each in detail, using the most recent papers and insights to illustrate how exactly this fascinating class of enzymes takes a single acyclic substrate and turns it into the many thousands of complex terpenoids found in Nature. We then explore some of the recent strategies for TS engineering, including machine learning and other data-driven approaches. From this, rational and predictive engineering of TSs, "designer terpene synthases", will begin to emerge as a realistic goal.