TV Journalists Research Articles

Innovation and Determination: How Local American TV Journalists Told the COVID-19 “Story of a Lifetime”

Innovation and Determination: How Local American TV Journalists Told the COVID-19 “Story of a Lifetime”

The Features of René Lévesque’s Political Discourse in the Context of the Struggle for Quebec Identity

This article considers the political discourse of René Lévesque (1922–1987) in the context of his fight for Quebec identity. In our opinion, he was the most brilliant Quebec leader during the second half of the twentieth century. A selection of his public speeches and most notable interviews from the work La voix de René Lévesque (Québec 2002) were used as the source material for analysis. As a media and mass communication researcher, the author does not aspire solely to linguistic analysis. We consider René Lévesque’s political discourse in view of his ability to communicate with different audiences supporting Quebec identity. It was therefore vital to determine who these target audiences were and highlight the principal methods employed by Lévesque to influence them. The speeches of Lévesque the politician reflect his experience as a TV journalist (the habit of presenting information in spoken, rather than in written, form), and this is where some of its “coarseness” – the repetition of individual words and phrases, the use of interjections, the absence of stylistic excesses, etc. – comes from. One of the conclusions made is that all of Lévesque’s public speeches demonstrate, step by step, his consistent programme for preserving Quebec identity in its English environment (the change of self-designation into “Québécois (Quebecers)”; the proclamation of French as the only language of the province; the attempt to secure the support of France, its former metropole; referendum on province independence; declining the federal offer to sign “patriated” Canadian Constitution without recognizing Quebec as “a distinct society” and others). However, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, his federal opponent, considered René Lévesque an ambitious person, who wanted to split united Canada. Unfortunately, La voix de René Lévesque did not include the internal Parti Québécois discussions on the province’s independence, which were the reason he abandoned the Parti Québécois and his post of Prime Minister of Quebec. The author argues that political discourse of René Lévesque was a form of social action, which served as a prerequisite for recognizing the Parti Québécois Nation by the Parliament of Canada in 2006. Today, the Parti Québécois continues to successfully build on and develop René Lévesque’s political legacy, and the issue of Quebec’s independence is still on its agenda. The research shows that further research is needed on the political discourse of the leaders of small nations, people like René Lévesque. The context of the modern world gives us many other similar regional situations.Transl.: Ovcharenko E. F. 2022. The Features of René Lévesque’s Political Discourse in the Context of the Struggle for Quebec Identity. Linguistics & Polyglot Studies. 8(2). P. 112–125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-2-31-112-125

The carnation revolution of 1974 and its legacy

John Green takes us back 50 years to the 1974 Carnation Revolution in Portugal: a personal reminiscence from a TV journalist who witnessed the revolutionary process firsthand, from April 1974 onwards. He explains how the armed struggles for colonial freedom in Africa triggered the momentous events in Portugal and how a more than 40-year-old fascist dictatorship was overthrown by progressive soldiers in the Portuguese army. He examines the significance and legacy of that revolution for us today.

Ground-based response robotics for the safe operation of TV journalists in emergency zone

The article considers an approach to ensuring safe working conditions for TV journalists conducting TV reports from the emergency zone by means of ground-based response robotics. It is proposed to use a remote controlled (teleoperated) ground-based mobile service robots equipped with vision systems and professional television film-ing equipment. Remote-controlled robots developed at the Russian State Scientific Center for Robotics and Tech-nical Cybernetics (St. Petersburg) can be used as such robotic systems. Equipping robots with a stereoscopic vi-sion systems and a special TV camera to organize teleoperation of a mobile robot’s movement requires a broad-band communication channel, since it is necessary to transmit several video streams simultaneously. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use an image compression methods and the experience of using a network technolo-gies obtained during the development of the multiple-camera vision systems for installation on the mobile robotic systems BROKK-110D and BROKK-330 (Sweden) at the instructions of the Center for Special Risk Rescue Opera-tions «Leader» (Russia). The technical solution is presented to provide TV journalists with special remote-controlled ground-based robotics, which allows them to conduct television reports directly from the scene of hostili-ties, while being at a safe distance from the scene of events and the location of radio antennas.

The Mechanism of Newsroom and TV Journalist Work Routines during the COVID-19 Pandemic

A disease outbreak known as COVID-19 (Corona Virus Diseases 2019) is currently affecting virtually every part of the planet. The COVID-19 outbreak is a catastrophe that endangers and disrupts life, causes fatalities, traumatizes victims, and engenders a climate of threat and fear. The COVID-19 pandemic tragedy not only affected the number of sick and deceased individuals but also altered work schedules in the neighborhood. Additionally, COVID-19 has brought about changes in journalism, particularly in television journalism. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the mechanism governing the operational procedures of newsroom and television journalism during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expectancy Violation Theory and Judee K. Burgoon’s Interaction Adaptation Theory were both used in this study. This research approach employed a constructive subjective paradigm and utilized a qualitative case study methodology. The subjects of this study were the journalists and editors of iNews TV and Metro TV. The study’s finding show that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted how journalists work both in the workplace and in the field, causing disruption and changes to their routines. Nevertheless, the pandemic has also prompted an acceleration of the process of adapting how journalistic tasks are carried out, both in the newsroom and on the ground. Despite the acceleration, the COVID-19 epidemic has expedited the process of adaptation and adjustment. Finally, the transformation has resulted in new business strategies in the television industry due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Managing Social Communication. Analysis of Media Relations Activities of Polish Police Press Officers

Abstract The foundation of the social communication system of the Polish police is the press officers of district and city departments, who maintain regular contact with journalists of local and regional media, and incidentally also with national or international mass media. The aim of the 2022 survey was to determine the media relations activities, techniques and tools used by officers. All press officers in the police garrison in the Silesian Voivodeship participated in the research project. 100% of press officers took part in the survey. Responding to the expectations of journalists police officers prefer direct contact with journalists, including 52% by phone. Although press officers consider social media to be a good method of contacting the public (30%), they do not use it themselves in contacts with journalists. They prefer to use the official police website (28%). Police spokesmen, due to the information they have, gain the attention of the mass media and do not have to use modern communication techniques to attract journalists. Maintaining constant contact with journalists, press officers also assessed the level of their professionalism. According to the respondents, TV journalists are characterized by the highest professionalism (41%). In second place are press and radio journalists with a similar number of indications (27% and 24%). The professionalism of Internet editorial staff was rated the worst (8%).

Primetime Nationalism: Analysing Monologues on India’s Republic TV and Times Now During Indo-China Border Conflict

ABSTRACT Several studies exploring the sociology of news have identified and established a range of factors that influence journalism and shape media narratives. However, little has been known regarding the narrative construction in the English language broadcast media in India. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between (re)emerging right-wing nationalism and English language television journalism in India. A qualitative thematic discourse analysis was conducted on the monologues on Republic TV and Times Now’s primetime debates during the India–China border conflict, 2020. The study reports a major shift in the nature of TV journalism in India: far from being passive observers of right-wing nationalist ideology in the 1990s, TV journalists in contemporary India are acting as active participants in propagating them. The study complements existing works on sociology of news by demonstrating how journalism is shaped by dominant political sentiments.

REPRESENTATION OF LEGAL INFORMATION IN A LEGAL JOURNAL FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN

After Ukraine gained independence in 1991, the number of children's periodicals increased rapidly. There was a need not only to determine their quantitative characteristics, but also to analyze their qualitative content in accordance with the functions and purpose of children's periodicals in general - the education of a new generation of Ukrainians, and the legal direction in particular - the formation of a law-abiding citizen. The market of journal legal periodicals of Ukraine is quite saturated, among them there is a predominance of journals of a scientific and practical nature, which are usually published by higher educational institutions of the country, and editions for practitioners of jurisprudence, which are publications of specialized publishing houses, such as "Jurinkom Inter" or "Yurydychna Praktyka". The only legal magazine for children was "Abetka Prava", which was published in 2012-2013 by the editors of the all-Ukrainian legal magazine "Pravo Ukrayiny". There were six publications, but four issues (№1 and №2-4 in 2012 and №1 and №2 in 2013), with a print run of 300 copies of each issue in 2012 and 100 copies in 2013. Larisa Denysenko was the editor-in-chief. She was a lawyer, TV journalist and writer, who led the sections - the editor-in-chief's introduction, an interview, a story with a continuation, and practical exercises (co-authored). The authors of the materials were journalists, lawyers, philologists, psychologists and teachers. The rubric of the edition includes both permanent rubrics and those that were repeated in several issues or sounded only once. The topic of the publication's materials corresponds to the stated idea - a legal magazine for schoolchildren. Each issue of the magazine had a thematic nature and all texts were subordinated to certain aspects of the topic, were presented in different genre forms, where the authors tried to explain the essence of a certain human right, its nature, how it can be used, what are the legal mechanisms of protection and defense, and practical exercises contribute to consolidation of acquired knowledge and elementary skills of using one's constitutional right and protection against its violations.

Students work on portrait TV stories in the context of European values

The article discusses the specifics of students’ work on portrait stories in practical and laboratory classes in TV journalism. The study of the peculiarities of creating materials in the stated genre is considered in the context of European integration processes within the media and education. The authors relied on theoretical research by scholars who focused on analyzing portrait interviews and television stories. The purpose of the study was to outline the technologies for creating one’s own media product in the context of European values, including respect for human dignity, freedom, as well as democracy. The scientific problem is considered in two dimensions. Firstly, future TV journalists themselves are guided by the values outlined above. Secondly, the characters in the TV stories «work» to strengthen and implement values by reflecting on topics from their personal and public lives. One of the authors’ tasks was to demonstrate a two-sided media production approach. Another task is to highlight the technologies of creating a portrait story in view of the challenges that require adaptation and reconsideration of the experience of the Ukrainian school of TV journalism. An important point in mastering the topic is to analyze the achievements of media professionals since the 1990s. A critical analysis of samples of portrait interviews and TV stories from different periods helps to comprehend the evolution of the genres. However, the value framework of media content during this period has been humanism. Therefore, it is primarily about direct articulation and focus on the values that unite the European community. Implementing the educational potential of television, students find and show heroes with whom the viewer already shares values or discovers new horizons in their worldview. The cooperation of students and teachers in its multi-stage nature covers the entire process of creating a portrait TV story, which is outlined in the article.

The Adventures of an Oral History Archive in the Greek Public Domain

In December 2021 a famous Greek TV and radio journalist and well-known anti-vaxxer, Yiorgos Tragkas, passed away due to Covid-19 complications. In the previous two decades, Tragkas had become a controversial figure, employing an anti-elite, pro-Russian and anti-Western narrative that fed into the country's underdog culture. His ethnocentric, populist, toxic tabloid journalism had been a popular genre in Greek political culture since the early 1980s. However, the debt and migration crises that shook Greece fuelled populist politics and a wave of misinformation.1 Tragkas jumped on the bandwagon of this new era by whitewashing the neo-Nazi Golden Dawn Party on national TV and by live appearances dressed up as a Second World War Nazi officer, with photos of Adolf Hitler and Angela Merkel on his desk.

René Lévesque political discourse features in context of fight for quebec identity

This article considers René Lévesque’s (1922–1987) political discourse in context of his fight for Quebec identity. In our opinion, he was the most brilliant Quebec leader during the second half of the XX century. A selection of his grand speeches and the best interviews “La voix de René Lévesque” (Québec, 2002) were used as the source for analysis. Being media and mass communication researcher, the author does not aspire solely to linguistic analysis. We consider René Lévesque’s political discourse in view of his ability to communicate with different audiences supporting the Quebec’s identity. So, it was very important to determine R. Lévesque’s target audiences and the principal methods of influencing them. The speeches of R. Lévesque as a politician reflect his experience as a TV journalist (his habit of oral, not written presentation of information), hence some “roughness” of his speeches – the use of interjections, tautology, and the lack of stylistic artistry. One of the conclusions made is that all public R. Lévesque’s speeches demonstrate, step by step, his consistent programme for preserving Quebec identity in its English environment (the change of self-designation into “Québécois (Quebeckers)”; the proclamation of French as the only language of the province; the attempt to secure the support of France, its former metropolis; referendum on province independence; declining the federal offer to sign “patriated” Canadian Constitution without recognizing Quebec as “a distinct society” and others). However, Prime Minister Pierre-Elliotte Trudeau, his federal opponent, considered René Lévesque an ambitious person, who wanted to split united Canada. Unfortunately, “La voix de René Lévesque” did not include the internal Quebec Party discussions on province independence, which became the reason for René Lévesque to abandon Quebec Party and his post of Quebec Prime Minister. The author argues that political discourse of national Quebec leader René Lévesque was a form of social action, which served as a prerequisite for recognizing the Quebec Nation by the Parliament of Canada in 2006. At present Quebec Party, based on René Lévesque’s political legacy continues to develop it, and the thesis of Quebec’s Independence is still in its programme. The research shows that political discourse of small nations leaders like René Lévesque needs to be under further studies. The resonating context of the modern world gives us many other similar regional situations.

Specific Features of TV Journalist’s Work at the World Film Events

The purpose of the study is to analyze the current relationship between media and “A” list film festivals. Determine the specifics of a TV journalist`s work at such events. Establish the necessary steps to prepare for interviews with celebrities who attend these events. To prove the importance for a modern media representative of being able to work at “A” list film festivals and other large events of a similar scale. The research methodology consists in the application of such methods: theoretical – analysis of studies by foreign authors, available information sources, systematization of their own experience and determination of the relationship between film festivals and the media. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a Ukrainian TV journalist, who has worked at most of the world's film events, undertakes to summarize the experience gained, analyze foreign sources and systematize all this in domestic scientific work, thus combining a theoretical and practical approach. Conclusions. In the course of the article, we analyzed the specifics of the work of a TV journalist at large-scale film events. With the help of an analysis of foreign sources, the developments of other researchers and the author's own experience of work at the aforementioned cultural events, the nuances of the relationship between media and film festivals are highlighted in detail, and the main stages and nuances of preparing for an interview when working at such forums are identified.

The Image of a TV Journalist and the Requirements for a Reality Show Host

The Image of a TV Journalist and the Requirements for a Reality Show Host

Профессиональные компетенции тележурналиста в оценке работодателей: региональные аспекты (на примере Республики Бурятия)

The article is a study of the key professional competencies of TV journalism graduates based on identifying the needs of employers of television media in the Republic of Buryatia, as well as professional standards that correspond to the professional activities of graduates. The study of this problem is caused by a number of reasons. Firstly, the technological, social, economic, and other transformations taking place in the entire media industry require rethinking of the professional competencies of graduate journalists formed by domestic universities. This is especially important for television journalism, since television still retains its status as the main source of information for the majority of Russian households. Secondly, the educational programs of higher educational institutions in our country implement a competency-based approach, and one of its priority tasks involves identifying the needs of the labor market. And finally, thirdly, the analysis of various sources of information showed insufficient study of the issue of professional training of graduates in the media industry, where the object of research is the requirements of employers to the professional competences of TV journalists. Close attention was paid to theoretical and empirical research in this area among local scientists. The method of empirical research was an expert survey. The experts were the editors-in-chief of the leading television media of the Republic of Buryatia. The methodology of the study of professional competencies of a television journalist was based on the professional standards of a television program host, correspondent and media editor approved by the Ministry of Labor and Social Relations of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, a rating of professional competencies of a television journalist in the region under study was compiled. Key competencies were identified, as well as the competencies of “outsiders” on the level of television media editors, television presenters and media correspondents.

Australian regional journalists’ role perceptions at a time of upheaval

Almost 200 journalism outlets closed, decreased their service, ended print editions, or merged with other newsrooms between January 2019 and Februrary 2021, accelerated by the COVID-19 crisis. Regional news outlets were among the hardest hit, intensifying calls for effective government policy and industry interventions to bolster the sector. Although there is a well-established tradition of local and regional journalistic role performance scholarship, few studies in an Australian context have taken a multiplatform approach, investigating the perceptions of TV, radio, online news, and print journalists. To help address this gap, this paper draws on survey data of 307 regional Australian journalists and 31 in-depth interviews. Our analysis reveals differences in the way regional reporters understand and narrate their roles, highlighting important distinctions between media platforms that need to be considered in contemporary debates about the sustainability of Australian regional journalism.

Kurdish women and TV journalism in Iraqi Kurdistan: Experiences and strategies

Few studies on female TV journalists in the Middle East have been conducted. Neither have Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts been used to analyse women journalists’ experiences of their professional practice and their strategies for navigating a male-dominated media world in the Middle East. For this unique study, ten Kurdish women journalists that work for six different TV stations in Iraqi Kurdistan were interviewed. Informed by different forms of capital, the thematic analysis revealed four themes that capture the respondents’ experiences and strategies: coping with perceptions of pretty dolls and honorary men; coping with the threat of violence and a bad reputation; coping with the gendered distribution of news assignments; and tackling glass ceilings and unwritten rules. A particularly interesting result of the study was that while the strategies range from proclaiming any news hard news to openly defying orders from the managers, and to claiming that one’s ability to advance depends on having a strong personality, the focus is consistently on individualistic survival strategies. When masculinity and male norms still dominate the contents of symbolic capital, it may result in seemingly counterproductive practices such as the lack of a distinct ‘we’ feeling among women journalists. For women journalists, the cost of transforming their cultural and social capital into symbolic capital that is effective in the journalistic field is affected by both the journalistic field and the society at large, which creates contextually bound obstacles to women journalists in Iraqi Kurdistan.

MINAT JURNALIS KOMPAS TV MELIPUT BERITA INVESTIGASI

Interest is the encouragement or desire of someone pleasant, can provide satisfaction, and becomeenergy to increase morale when carrying out work. So far, reporting investigative news is still considered to be ahigh-cost, time-consuming report because it requires a long time, high difficulty, and great risk. This, of course,causes low interest in becoming investigative news journalists, because it requires strong capital requirements,tenacity, and patience that journalists must have in carrying out investigative news coverage. This research wasconducted using a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews, participating in daily operationalactivities of the data sources, and based on existing documentation. The purpose of this study is to find out howinterested Kompas TV journalists are in covering Investigation News. Based on the research results, it wasfound that the interest of Kompas TV journalists in covering investigative news in the program "File Kompas"with high enthusiasm resulted in many awards that have been obtained. Cognitive personal interest in coveringinvestigative news was owned when they were in college, then strengthened during an internship. Then, theaffective element is obtained from daily interactions as well as activities in the journalist community of KompasTVKeywords: Interests, Cognitive, Affective, Investigation News.

Management Priorities of Audiovisual Student Projects during the COVID-crisis

COVID-crisis has made significant changes in the educational process of many coun-tries, including the need for new management decisions that would solve the complex problem of accelerating the development of online resources for distance learning. Management, particularly in education, is valuable when it is able to combine both general and specific goals. Especially when it comes to a specific educational process for training future TV and radio journalists, advertisers and PR-managers, screenwrit-ers and directors, sound directors, TV presenters, film and cameramen. The peculiarity of these professions is the combination of both creative and technological components of production and placement of professional audio-video content, i.e. content pro-duced by TV and radio companies, film or TV studios, advertising agencies, and aimed at a mass audience. One of the basic priorities in training such specialists is, first of all, the practice, which is based on the planned implementation of educational audiovisual projects and the ability to put them into effect in certain circumstances, including COVID-crisis caused by COVID-19 virus. Therefore, the aim of the article is to hypothesize how to build a productive distance educational strategy in the condi-tions of COVID-crisis, which specifically affected the quality of practical training of specialists in the field of audiovisual media and arts in Ukraine.

Features of Students Ideas about Life Success

The article presents the results of the analysis of scientific research studying the problem of life success and the features of the ideas about it among students of different genders and specialties. The features of understanding of success, successfulness, success in life, as well as the process of achieving it, which is determined by personal motivation for changes and development, accompanied by the energy status of activity, a positive emotional state, leading to the achievement of the desired goal in a certain area of social life and the well-being of the individual, have been determined. The results of the ascertaining experiment confirm the research assumption that the peculiarities of students' ideas about success in life are determined by their gender and the choice of professional specialization. It was found that girls and boys mainly focus on material values, their own self-realization and career growth, which can hinder the maximum comprehensive implementation and high quality of life of the individual in the future. Achieving goals and money as part of life's success are often high on the minds of students, regardless of their specialization. The exceptions are lawyers, for whom self-realization is more important, TV journalists, for whom money comes first, and actors, for whom the most important thing is to satisfy their needs and respect others. Most students assess their level of life success as medium or low, which can reduce their level of motivation, self-esteem, self-efficacy in the implementation of aspirations and requires the development of special psychological recipes to optimize the process of achieving their life success.

Does Social Media Expand the Traditional Role of Chinese TV Journalists as Gatekeeper on Weibo and WeChat J-accounts

This study investigates how TV journalists negotiate their “gatekeeping” on ‘output’ stage and showcase various facettes of roles during the gatekeeping process on Weibo and WeChat personal accounts (J-accounts). Based on a semi-structured interviews with journalists, we show the different uses of Weibo and WeChat, which are useful tools for journalists to share information, search news resources and check facts when conducting the journalistic gatekeeping. TV journalists – as “gatekeepers” – are unwilling to allow audiences to participate in news delivering on ‘output’ stage. TV journalists’ different performances on J-accounts show that they act as news spreaders, news gatherers and verifiers, which is coherent with the task of “gatekeeping” on TV. Journalists also perform as information explainers and rumor refuters, these tasks are beyond traditional “gatekeeping” on TV. Journalists adapt their use of social media to fit traditional professional norms as well as adapting those norms to fit the media logic of the social media platform. This research initially combines content analysis with interview to examine and compare different journalistic practice regarding various uses of Weibo and WeChat and reflects comprehensively facettes of journalistic roles during gatekeeping. It contributes to the empirical analysis of various aspects of ‘gatekeeping practices’ in China.