TV Channels Research Articles

THE SPECIFICS OF REPRODUCING UKRAINIAN SOCIO-POLITICAL REALIA IN THE GERMAN MEDIA SPACE (BASED ON NEWS BROADCASTS)

У статті викладено результати аналізу відтворення українських соціально-політичних реалій у німецькому медійному просторі на матеріалі телевізійних випусків новин німецьких телеканалів АRD та ZDF. Реалії як культурні елементи, є невід’ємною частиною повсякденного життя, історії, культури, політики та суспільного життя певного народу, країни чи нації та не мають прямих еквівалентів, повних відповідників, в інших культурах чи країнах. Особливу увагу приділено типам українських соціально-політичних реалій та їх класифікації. Зафіксовано переважання використання суспільно-політичних реалій, які стосуються органів влади та їх представників (33%), а також військових реалій (34%). Можливості відтворення українських суспільно-політичних реалій у випусках телевізійних новин базуються на декількох основних перекладацьких прийомах: транскодуванні, калькуванні, приблизному перекладі (гіперонімічному перейменуванні, використанні функціонального аналога, описовому перекладі) та комбінованій реномінації. Вибір методів та стратегій перекладу має бути адаптованим до типа тексту та спрямованим на досягнення максимальної адекватності у передачі інформації цільовій аудиторії. У новинах, як одному з видів інформаційних текстів, призначених для широкої аудиторії, застосування певних перекладацьких прийомів є прагматично обґрунтованим. Застосування калькування, комбінованої реномінації та уточнюючого перекладу у новинному дискурсі наближають реалію до німецькомовного реципієнта, забезпечують краще розуміння не лише денотативного значення, а й конотативного. Адекватний переклад реалій в умовах війни не лише впливає на сприйняття інформації в цілому, але й формує особисту думку широкої публіки на події. Актуальність дослідження полягає у з’ясуванні особливостей перекладу суспільно-політичних реалій в умовах війни та виявленні їх впливу на сприйняття інформації про події в Україні німецькомовними реципієнтами, а також врахуванні пресупозиції під час перекладу. Через велику варіативність способів відтворення українських реалій можна говорити про необхідність створення глосарію з уніфікованими адекватними перекладами, що є перспективою дослідження.

Вспоминая начало (к тридцатилетию телевидения Республики Ингушетия)

Продолжение мемуарного очерка посвящено первому этапу становления республиканского телевещания Ингушетии. Автор рассказывает о причинах, по которым при разделе двух республик ей пришлось некоторое время продолжить работу на должности главного директора программной дирекции вещания Грозненского ТВ. Только с весны 1993 г. Т. Х. Мальсагова официально возглавила ГТРК «Ингушетия» как президент телерадиокомпании (1993–1995). Выделены ранее не освещавшиеся производственно-управленческие аспекты деятельности и охарактеризованы ключевые моменты медиаполитики телевидения Ингушетии в первой половине 1990-х гг. Детализированы структурные преобразования и непростая организационная работа переходного периода. Показаны особенности действий центральных и местных СМИ в ситуации военного конфликта. Подчеркивается вклад в производство военных новостей и корреспонденций, сделанный коллективом только что созданной ГТРК в условиях, максимально приближенных к военно-полевым и требовавших полной самоотдачи. The presented material is the end of the memoir essay by Tamara Malsagova, the beginning of which was published in the previous issue of the journal (No. 3, 2022). The author dedicated the first part of her memoirs (“People, Destinies, Connection of Generations: To the Thirtieth Anniversary of the Television of the Republic of Ingushetia”) to the fates and professional activities of her colleagues in the Ingush editorial office of Groznensky TV in the period from the late 1950s to the early 1990s. The part of the essay published here – “Remembering the Beginning” – corresponds to a relatively short, about three years, period of time (1992-1994), which, in terms of the intensity and fateful significance of events, surpassed the decades of peaceful life. The birth of a new republic – Ingushetia – was accompanied by a number of important geopolitical decisions, and it was impossible to implement them without creating a television and radio broadcasting platform in the regional media space capable of countering terrorism, working to create and de-escalate an armed conflict. Such a platform was the new branch of the federal television and radio company Russia – the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Ingushetia. The author tells why, during the division of the two republics, she had to continue working for some time as the Chief Director of the Program Directorate of Broadcasting of Grozny TV. Only in the spring of 1993 did Tamara Malsagova officially head the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Ingushetia as president of the television and radio company (1993–1995). The author highlights the previously uncovered production and management aspects of the work of the television and radio company, characterizes the key points of the media policy of television in the Republic of Ingushetia in the first half of the 1990s, details the structural transformations and difficult organizational work of the transition period, shows the features of the actions of the central and local media in a situation of military conflict are shown. The author emphasizes the contribution to the production of military news and correspondence, which was made by the staff of the novel, newly-created television and radio company in conditions that were as close as possible to military field conditions and required complete dedication. The author notes that television workers’ activities in Ingushetia in these difficult years included direct work on the air, the creation of dozens of reports from “hot spots”, assistance to journalists of central Russian and foreign media, support for television broadcasting from Nazran on RTR, NTV, REN TV channels, as well as in leading foreign companies (BBC, Associated Press, France Presse, CNN, Reuters, CBS News, etc.).

EFFECTS OF TV MORNING SHOWS ON THE DOMESTIC WOMEN: A CASE STUDY OF BAHAWALPUR

The current study is aimed at investigating the impact of the morning TV shows on the perspective of domestic females. Researcher has used a survey method in order to gather data from the population of the study and questionnaire was used to gather data from the sample of the study. The findings revealed that these shows have impact on the lives of domestic women and mental prosperity. It is said by the audience that these shows have ruined the way of life and made individuals more complex than ever. In the past, the substance of the discussion by morning show was vastly improved and their motivation was to teach individuals with the aim to advance our own particular society but the scenario change after 2006. All the public and private TV channels in Pakistan are broadcasting morning shows, in competition which got high number of ratings in the beginning. Singing, dancing, promoting vulgar fashion, showing fake incidents are now common. Even the discussion with the invited guest is nothing but senseless chats which are impeccable. Keywords: Television, Morning Shows, Women, Family Issues, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

Pre-Election Political Campaigns Covered by Pakistani TV Channels: A Content Analysis

This research analyzes the political coverage by Pakistani News Channel before the general election 2013. The prime time of the channels for one month was selected for supervising, examining and organizing determinations of coverage of general elections under the code of conduct and procedure of coverage set by regulators. The researcher conducted content analysis of prime time which includes headlines of news bulletin, talk shows and issued addressed in program content broadcast on TV channels. Results of the study showed that all news channels failed to fulfill the fundamental obsessions of impartial balance and reasonable reporting. Because of the indistinct and insufficient necessities of ECP regarding rules of ethics for media, the portion of airtime on electronic media was exceptionally discriminating. In this study as the analysis showed the conduct of the elections, though having eminent place in the state news plan, it devastatingly explained the major political parties.

Tweeting television between innovation and normalization: How Lebanese television and audiences are making use of Twitter in political talk shows

Traditional media have progressively integrated newer media practices, with the constant emergence of new digital technologies, without abandoning their former ones. The adoption of Twitter by TV channels and by other social actors during political talk shows is a case in point. This article aims to assess whether the hybridization of TV talk shows and Twitter has innovated or normalized existing patterns of communication. In the former case, by enabling more interaction between different actors and space for audience deliberation, or in the latter case, by reproducing a traditional one-way communication and a centralized network of information that remains controlled and oriented by the elite (journalists and politicians). The incorporation of older and emergent media logic has an impact on the construction and distribution of political information as well as on the power relationships between journalists, politicians, and TV audiences. Besides allowing political talk shows to expand their flow of information, and to promote their news online, hybridized practices have not only altered the way citizens consume and engage with political information but also how they counter-frame traditional political media content by producing new ones. The research methodology consists of descriptive, content, and network analyses of tweets collected from three Lebanese local TV political talk show “Sarelwa2et” (MTV), “Btefro’ aa Watan” (Al Jadeed), and “Vision 2030” (LBCI) between February and March 2022. Results revealed that TV talk shows are making use of Twitter as a top-down transmitter of information and resorting poorly to its interactive potential. Some newer media practices of Twitter, such as @mention and replies are being applied but only to interact with politicians and journalists, failing to engage with a larger array of voices and thus, leading to an elite-centric discourse within the network. Also, tweets are mostly used to inform audiences and promote TV programs. In addition, network analyses of talk shows via hashtags demonstrated the central and not monopolized role of politicians and journalists as influencers, bridges, and quick spreaders of information. Finally, content analysis of dual screeners’ tweets (n=6000) indicated very little space in a Habermasian public sphere. The total of subjective opinions, irony, and attack/insult tweets are still higher than the total of the introduction of new issues and counter-frames tweets.

Analysis of the activities of domestic TV channels in the media market

The article analyzes the activities, directions, projects in their broadcast schedule, and their place in the rating table of television channels registered in the Ministry of Information and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan and operating in the domestic media market. Kantar («TNS Central Asia» LLP) has been monitoring and studying the rating of republican TV channels in the media market for 20 years. Based on the research provided by the company, domestic TV stations create a media plan and broadcast schedules. This is the only company monitoring the media market in Kazakhstan. Considering that the study of only one company is a biased opinion, the authors conducted a special survey among TV viewers. The Kantar company and the survey data were compared and the TV viewer demand was analyzed. The analysis also takes into account the place of residence, age, gender of the viewer. Based on the results of these studies, an analysis of the activities, content, and social media accounts of several Republican TV channels was carried out.

INFORMATION SECURITY IN THE TERMS THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: CHALLENGES AND THREATS

The need to create an effective mechanism for ensuring state information security is substantiated. It is noted that the blocking of true information about the role of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, actions of the leadership and power structures does not contribute to victory in the war waged by Russia against Ukraine. The following main ways of disseminating unreliable information in the conditions of war have been identified. social networks; fake accounts of famous people, politicians, TV and radio channels; personal messages or in shared groups of Viber, Telegram, WhatsApp and other messengers. It is indicated that in the aspect of ensuring information security, a significant place is occupied by the problems of spreading rumors, gossip, and fakes. The following types of fakes are highlighted. fake advertising, fake pseudo-expert, fake conspiracy, fake clickbait. To promote fake news, there are bot farms, «Internet troll factories», and pranking is practiced. In addition, fakes in the conditions of Russian aggression are also a battle of narratives and cultures. Such components of information security as information-technical and information-psychological protection are highlighted. The main mechanisms of combating false information in the conditions of war are disclosed, namely. formation of media literacy of the population; coverage of objective information through government Internet publications, mass media, e-government; establishment of responsibility for spreading fake news among the population; control of fake accounts; neutralization of fakes by special units in the cyber police. The main directions of improving information security as a component of the state security of Ukraine have been identified and characterized.

The Future of Yellow Journalism in India

This research aims to understand how the media work in India regarding Yellow Journalism has influenced the thinking of the citizens. In India, Yellow Journalism has only picked up in the last one to two decades and has spread widely all-around India affecting the readers. The purpose of the development of Tv channels, newspaper, and magazines are to be the first to publish the news and to encourage higher circulation than the other newspapers in India. Yellow journalism has been characterized as a pure form of commerce rather than legitimate journalism. The research goal is to find out if most of India’s news and the media are based on exaggeration and how other countries are starting to practice Yellow Journalism. A qualitative research method was applied to this study and analyzed through the case studies using the document analysis design, with an inductive research approach, which depends on inductive reasoning. In spite of the fact that media has the opportunity to publish and broadcast data within the frame of news and entertainment, certain standards, rules, and controls should have been adhered to. Efforts are being undertaken all around the world to form guidelines and standards for media consideration.

PECULIARITIES OF THE CONCEPTUAL OPPOSITION REALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT “VALUES” (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE DICHOTOMY “US” / “THEM”)

The article is devoted to the specifics of the linquocognitive representation of the concept “VALUES” in Russian and English linguocultures. The purpose of the study is to reveal the special aspects of the conceptual opposition of the concept under study implemented on the ground of the basic dichotomy “US / THEM”. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the definition of the concept “VALUES” as an oppositive components-concept demonstrating the structured specificity of opposition.
 Materials and methods. The materials of the study were the speeches of the famous Russian journalists, historians, political scientists ‒ participants on the political talk show “Who is against?” on the TV channel “Russia-1” in August 2022, as well as the publication of the Australian researcher Peter Harrison. When writing the article, the following methods were used: conceptual analysis including juxtaposition, generalization, interpretation of the representatives of the studied concept, comparison and collation, lexical-semantic analysis of dictionary definitions, contextual analysis.
 Results. As a result of the study, a level (explicit-implicit) representation of opposition of the concept VALUES in the Russian and English language spaces has been established on the example of the basic opposition “US / THEM”.
 Conclusions. In the author’s opinion, the distinctive features of the opposition subjects “US / THEM” regulate their categorical fixing on the ground of the basic evaluation model of this dichotomy.

GENERAL REGULARITIES OF LINGUO-COGNITIVE REPRESENTATION OF CONCEPTUAL OPPOSITION (ASPECT: CREATION- DESTRUCTION)

The article is devoted to the integrated characteristic of the conceptual opposition presented on the basis of the analysis of oppositional concepts in the consideration aspect of the opposition paradigm Creation – Destruction in the political and media discourse. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the implementation specifics of conceptual opposition within the framework of the presented dichotomy in the Russian and Anglo-American language spaces. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s proposed dichotomous model Creation – Destruction compared with the classical dyad “Us – Them”.
 Materials and methods. The materials of the study were fragments of speeches by the top leadership of the Russian Federation, analytical comments and publications by representatives of the Russian and foreign media Internet space, statements by experts of the political programs on Channel One and Russia-1 TV channels in 2022. When writing the article, the following methods were used: conceptual analysis, undertaken on the basis of comparative characteristics of the nominees of the concepts under study, contextual analysis, including lexico-semantic analysis of definitions fixed in Russian and English lexicographic sources.
 Results. A structured organization of conceptual opposition was revealed, the levels of realization of opposition were presented, as well as the distinctive-feature classification of opposition subjects Creation – Destruction on the example of the model Us – Them. According to the author the analysis of the conceptual opposition of the concepts studied on the basis of the dichotomy Creation – Destruction makes it possible to conclude its semantic similarity with the dichotomy Us – Them.

Tafsir dan New Media

At the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the Companions, and the Tabi'in, the interpretation of the Qur'an was carried out directly orally and listened to by Muslims. Along with the times, there have been commentators who are active in interpreting the Qur'an as evidenced by the emergence of popular classical commentary books such as the interpretation of Ibn Kathir and others. In today's era where the development of science and technology is increasingly advanced, various forms of interpretation appear on various social media such as Youtube and Facebook. One of them is Ustadz Zulkifli Muhammad Ali through a Youtube account called UZMA Media TV Channel. This study aims to determine the method of Ustadz Zulkifli in interpreting the verses of the Qur'an as a proposition in lecturing starting from January 2, 2020-January 3, 2021. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach where the data is obtained from the results of a collection of UZMA video lectures and books, journals, articles, and theses. The results of this study are in the form of a classification of the themes of UZMA lectures in the past year, including around the end of time, life guidelines (practice and worship), ethics, and muamalah, the Covid-19 outbreak. The maudhu'i method of interpretation has not met several criteria and has a systematic interpretation. There are two lecture responses, namely rejectionist and receptionist.

Application of Network Technologies in Low-Budget Television Production

The article considers the classical scheme of the broadcast news studio and the principle of operation of the television broadcasting system on the example of the standard of the international digital television system, which is the reference model of terrestrial digital television transmission. The structural scheme of the broadcast news studio is given, the functions of each block of the studio and the principle of their work are described. The diagram of the digital television system shows how the signal from the studio passes through the stages of encoding and modulation to the broadcasting antenna, and then the demodulated and decoded TV signal appears in the digital television application on the viewer's side. The interactive communication channel is also discussed in more detail. The diagram of the interactive communication channel presented in this article shows how the communication between the broadcasting company and the viewer of digital television takes place. However, given the current tendency of TV channels to move from broadcasting on digital television to online broadcasting on streaming platforms, the article considers an example of organizing an online broadcast on the YouTube platform. Using the example of equipment from the classical scheme of the broadcast studio, the selection of similar low-budget equipment for organizing a studio for online broadcasts was carried out. The list of low-budget equipment includes a video mixer, video cameras, lighting equipment and two types of microphones. The advantages and disadvantages of low-budget equipment are indicated, from which it can be concluded that low-budget equipment is not of poor quality, but is designed for a smaller number of connected equipment, so it is suitable for use in small television studios. The functions and possibilities of using the selected Blackmagic ATEM Mini Pro video mixer are considered. A scheme for organizing a live broadcast on the YouTube streaming platform using the selected equipment is presented. The low budget of the studio is substantiated by estimates and comparison with the budget of a similar educational television studio. The possibilities of remote access organizing to the workplace via VPN (Virtual Private Network) and RDC (Remote Desktop Connection) are also considered. These features allow employees to work from a remote location, not directly in the studio. The purpose of the article was to determine how does remote access delay the work of the studio and complicate the process of launching online broadcasts. Measurements of connection delay and broadcasting were carried out. According to the results of the measurements, it was concluded that both VPN and RDC insignificantly affects the connection speed of the equipment, so remote work can be equally comfortable as working directly in the studio. The difference between remote work and direct work in the studio consists of in the preliminary configuration of devices for remote connection and also remote work depends on the Internet connection entirely and light availability in the studio.

CORPUS LINGUISTICS RESEARCH: ANALYZE THE USE OF LINKING VERB IN CNN ARTICLES

In this article, the researcher discusses present verbs. Present verbs are typically employed in the simple present tense to describe events that occur on a regular basis in the present. This article discusses the use of present verbs in twelve news articles on CNN.com. The goal of this research is to determine how many present verbs are used on CNN.com and which present verbs are most often utilized. I chose CNN.com because CNN.com is one of the largest mass media in the world. Mass media was first initiated by Ted Turner and Reese Schoenfeld and was first launched in 1980 and is a subsidiary of WarnerMedia. It is also the first TV channel to broadcast news 24 hours non-stop. The data is collected using a qualitative method, specifically by collecting news from CNN.com. The review reveals the variety of present verb uses in 57 (fifty-seven) news articles on CNN.com in 2020 and the variety of present verbs that are often utilized.

Жанрово-тематическая специфика авторских трэвел-блогов

Online travel blogs are a phenomenon of auteur journalism. This article describes the genre specifics of Russian-language travel blogs posted on Youtube video hosting and its development prospects. The new multimedia journalism is highly adaptable, mobile, feasible, and independent. Travel writers used to be limited to a narrow segment of TV channels and magazines; modern travel bloggers develop their own style and do not have to conform to that of the editorial board. The research featured such travel bloggers as Anton Ptushkin, Leonid Pashkovsky, and Anton Lyadov. Each blog proved to be unique it its topics, genres, and methods of presentation, which means that this sector of auteur journalism has a great potential.

Sectarian language and perception of the “Other” after the Arab Spring

This study explores how sectarian language prevalent on Arabic media shapes common Arab people's perceptions of sects such as Sunni, Shiites, and others. A sample of Arabic sectarian expressions was collected from social media, print media and TV channels. A sample of students and faculty was surveyed. Sectarian language was analysed according to the components of perception (perceiver, target, and situation), the factors that affect each, and the social amplification and attenuation risk framework. Sectarian language used by students, faculty and Arab media is characterized by contempt, hostility, hatred, and intolerance of the sect(s) they disapprove of as they constitute political and ideological threats. Many Sunnis are afraid of the Shiite tide and Shiite Crescent. Hezbollah, Houthis, and Muslim Brothers are considered “terrorists” and “militias”.

INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS OF RUSSIAN SPEAKERS IN ISRAEL IN THE SHADOW OF PROPAGANDA: FACEBOOK POSTS ANALYSIS

Abstract Part of the elderly Russian-speaking community in Israel is exposed to the TV channels of the Russian government. These channels are impacted by Russian propaganda and, as such, use false claims and manipulative techniques. The aim of this presentation is to shed light on the impact of Russian media on intergenerational relationships of Russian-speaker families in Israel. We conducted a preliminary qualitative study based on a thematic analysis of Facebook posts (Nf34) from March to June 2022. Analysis revealed four key themes: (1) “Tragedy of many families”, the importance of unity of opinion and the problem of difference, a key element in the emotional well-being (or its lack) of Russian-speaking families at the moment; (2) “It’s useless to explain something”, the perception of older parents who support Putin as victims of “brainwashing”, with comments on “zombies”, totalitarian sects, and psychotropic drugs; (3) “The truth will destroy them”, the perception of disbelief in war as a defensive reaction necessary for the elderly, because the reality may destroy them; (4) “A topic that is not talked about”, a refusal to discuss Ukraine seen as the only way to save the relationship, speaking instead about health issues, daily life issues, and the weather. The findings underline that the Russian-Ukrainian war conflict impacts intergenerational solidarity and closeness, and calls for an intervention that provides support for both the elderly and their adult children.

A Research study on 92 News Religious program “Subha-e- Noor”

Subah Noor is one of the Islamic program aired on the 92 news, a popular TV channel in Pakistan. The number of viewers of this program are more than one billion on YouTube which testifies to its popularity. Various Islamic scholars are invited in this program who discuss the selected topic in the light of Quran and Sunnah. In this article, a critical review has been offered whether the information disseminated among the public is correct or not. All sahih and Daeef Hadees that came under discussion in this program have been separately analysed to verify the authenticity of the content.

INFLUENCE OF WATCHING ADVERTISEMENTS ON KIDS’ FOOD CHOICES

This study aimed to determine the nature, content and duration of advertisements broadcasted during children’s television programs and to understand their influence on children preferences of specific food products. After the advertisements’ content analysis for three days broadcasted on two famous children television channels and one primetime channel, a questionnairewas constructed based on food products advertised. Data was collected from 150 children aged between 5-15 years. Based on the children’s view obtained from the questionnaire, favorite TV channel asked was compared with the food preferences. This study explored the significant difference between children’s food preference influenced by advertisements on children channel 2 as compared to channel 1 and primetime channel. In conclusion, Channel 2 has more frequent food advertisements which has influenced food choices among children. So, displaying more healthy food advertisements could be a source to educate children in making healthy choices regarding food products and consumer decisions.

Casual Learn: A linked data-based mobile application for learning about local Cultural Heritage

This paper presents Casual Learn, an application that proposes ubiquitous learning tasks about Cultural Heritage. Casual Learn exploits a dataset of 10,000 contextualized learning tasks that were semiautomatically generated out of open data from the Web. Casual Learn offers these tasks to learners according to their physical location. For example, it may suggest describing the characteristics of the Gothic style when passing by a Gothic Cathedral. Additionally, Casual Learn has an interactive mode where learners can geo-search the tasks available. Casual Learn has been successfully used to support three pilot studies in two secondary-school institutions. It has also been awarded by the regional government and an international research conference. This made Casual Learn to appear in several regional newspapers, radios, and TV channels.

Formation of pre-election political discourse in the audiovisual media of Georgia

Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of the audio-visual material of two Georgian media outlets, the empirical base of research on the formation of political discourses and their influence on the socio-political life of the country is presented. Media content during the pre-election period September - October 2020: about 2337 publications of audio-visual character. The analysis of television content is of interest for understanding the information and political environment in a society where media is directly linked to various interest groups. There is a high concentration of the political factor in the media that determines its discourse. Taking into account the increasing political polarization in Georgia, the mass media also take an appropriate stance towards political actors and form discourse that serves the political agenda of a certain interest group. The public receives ideologically processed information and, despite the factor of democratization of the methods of political struggle, finds itself in a situation where political forces use information and disinformation as a method of combating opponents. The presented analysis is one of the first results of the inter-university project “Mass Media in Political Processes of Georgia”, it is crucial for understanding the trends of Georgian mass media related to both internal and external factors. The results of the research show the patterns inherent in different TV channels in the context of media and political environment in Georgia.