Turkish Names Research Articles

The influence of Turkish cuisine in Romania

Romania is a major country in south-eastern Europe, located in the northern region of the Balkans. Due to Romania's proximity to Western European countries and the transit routes that reach these countries, various peoples have settled in Romanian lands since ancient times. Between 1400 and 1878, the Ottoman Empire ruled Romania. The Turks brought their unique cuisine along with the other customs and traditions to the places they conquered. In Romania, and particularly in the Dobruja region, we see the interplay of Turkish names in kitchenware and food and drink.

First Steps to Change Names (Ribnovo, 1953)

Passportization of the Pomak population in the village of Ribnovo in 1953 has a violent character particularly visible in two directions: the im-position of compulsory, Bulgarian ethnicity and restriction of the right to free religion.Changing the passports of the Pomaks was resisted because they opposed their enrollment as "Bulgarians" without mentioning their differ-ent region, and against the photographing of women. One of the first villages was Ribnovo, where resistance to the introduction of new per-sonal documents began. In the following years, this village became the center of the resistance against the communist authorities in their attempt to change the Turkish names of Pomaks (1964). The very act of passportization in the Pomaks can be seen as a prelude to the later change of their names to Bulgarian names.

The Cultural and Historical links between Turks and Afghans in the First Era of Islam

Though Turks and Afghans are located far off geographically yet it may not be perceived as a marker of friction between the two nations. The Islamic history in the middle Ages reveal that Islam has spread in the Turkish and Afghan regions amongst the indigenous tribes heralded a marked cultural and linguistic influence in the cited regions. The Turks' contact with the Islamic world started in the era of four Caliphs and the Umayyad dynasty reaching out to the western regions of the "Bab" region adjacent to Turkish territory in 22 AH. This contact resulted in the spread of Islam amongst the Turks and their men took part as part of Muslim army leading to propagation of Islam. Moreover, In the Abbasid era, the number of Turks assuming leadership positions had increased in the Muslim state. This contact sustained in the Islamic world to the East in the Turkish areas after the Muslims crossed the JIHUN River (Amu Darya) in 31 AH under the leadership of QUTAYBA Ibn Muslim. Thus Islam spread among the Turk Tribes under the rule of the SAMANI Governors where they spearheaded the extension of Muslim influence to Tirmiz, Bukhara, Samarkand and other Central Asian countries due to the simplicity of Islam. As for the Afghans' contact with Islam in the West, it began in the era of four Caliphs and the Umayyads eversince Herat was conquered in the year 23 AH; Jawzjan, Balkh and Takhar in the year 32 AH by Al-Ahnaf bin Qais from northern Afghanistan; Zabul in the year 43 AH and Kabul in 44 AH by Abd al-Rahman bin Samra. However the eastern areas of Afghanistan and the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan, although Islam reached there in the first century, did not enter the Islamic rule. They remained either under the tribal control or were ruled by the Indian kings until the Ghaznavids took over through Prince Subuktagin in Ghazni in the last decade of the 4th century.There has remained direct contact between the Turks and Afghans after the displacement of the Turkish tribes to the Gazani state in the south of the Jihun River.The state sovereignty of the Turkish majority was due to their leadership positions and a large part of the military formation included the Turks and Afghans. Hence the two nations lived with a clear linguistic and cultural influence with hundreds of basic words in common as for instance the Turkish names for Afghan men and women and dozens of Turkish names for villages and cities. There are even common tribal traditions and customs between the two peoples. This research addresses the historically direct contact between the Turkish and Afghan tribes with cultural and social impact between the Turks and Afghans.

Assessment of Some Nutrient Contents and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Some Wild Edible Mushrooms in Türkiye

In this study, it was aimed to identify mushrooms gathered from two different regions and localities of Türkiye and to determine their heavy metal and nutrient contents. Four of the mushrooms (Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers, Cantharellus cibarius Fr., Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. and Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.) from nearby settlements, while the others (Hydnum repandum L., Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél and Lactarius delicious (L.) Gray)) were collected from rural areas. All species have known and consume by local peoples. All identified species were given along with their trophic status, habitats, locations, Turkish names and edibility. Concentrations of elements were determined based on dry weight. The analysis of samples indicated that different result obtained from mushrooms. As (nd, 1.5-17.43), Ba (1.48-10.81), Cd (nd, 1.4-43.46), Co (nd, 12.0- 42.79), Cr (nd, 5.0-14.92), Cu (12.95-143.45), K (nd, 30085- 52680), Mg (nd, 5056-5955.9), Mn (52.45- 187.25), Mo (nd, 1.22-57.53), Ni (43.46-565), Pb (318.9-1483.5), Sb (nd, 0.14-4.12), Si (nd, 3.18-87.83), Ti (20.32-302.2), V (67.66-102.3), Zn (1026.8-2422.0), Ca (411.5 -2077), Na (752.5-2105.5) and Fe (470.5-1093.5) were determined and the elements studied were given in mg/kg. As a result, it was determined that C. comatus, H. repandum, C. cibarius and P. eryngii had the lowest content of heavy metals and P. ostreus had the highest value in terms of calcium and magnesium contents. Therefore, it has been determined that these mushroom species may have important beneficial effects to human health. It is thought that it can be used as a source in future studies.

Examining accent bias towards Turkish speakers of Dutch

This contribution investigates the attitudes of Flemish first language speakers towards Turkish-Flemish speakers of Dutch as a second language. We conducted a 2 x 2 x 2 speaker evaluation experiment measuring the effects of accent (native vs. Turkish), language variety (standard vs. colloquial) and name (Flemish vs. Turkish) on attitudes vis-à-vis male speakers of Belgian Dutch. Our findings provide no consistent evidence of a negative bias vis-à-vis Turkish names in Flanders. While this result could be attributed to a social desirability bias, consistent downgrading of the Turkish accent on Superiority provides an indication of the existence of an accent bias that penalises ethnic minority accents in competence-related judgements.

Truffle Checklist of Turkey II with A New Record

The current study presents a Turkish Truffle Checklist based on literature and a newly discovered species. Within the two divisions, the list includes 104 species belonging to 35 genera and 20 families, as well as their range and Turkish names. Tuber oligospermum was one of them, and it was recorded for the first time in Turkey. A brief description of newly reported species was provided, along with images of their macro and micro-morphology.

TÜRKİYE’DE KÖY ADI DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME: KAĞIZMAN ÖRNEĞİ

The inadequacy of the studies in the field of toponymy in Turkey and the late start compared to the west led to a lack of information about the sources of our place names. This situation has created a false perception that many of our old place names are of foreign origin, and this has led us to the ease of attributing the origin of our place names to foreign sources. As in almost every country in the world, place names have been changed in our country, and in the process of changing place names, thousands of Turkish place names have been changed, believing that they come from foreign origins together with other names. For this reason, it is important to examine and reveal our place names, which we can express as the language, identity of the place or the memory of the place, and which connect us to our past with historical ties. The fact that there are almost no studies in this field and subject in our country increases this importance even more. For this purpose, the changed village names in Kağızman district were examined and it was seen that the majority of these names consisted of Turkish names and Turkish clan and surnames. The return of these names is important for our national culture and history.

The Genus Dichodon (Caryophyllaceae) in Turkey

Dichodon (Bartl. ex Rchb.) Rchb. is a small genus and was formerly included in Cerastium. However, the first specimens of this genus were introduced to the literature as Stellaria. Dichodon, taxonomically, remains in between Cerastium and Stellaria genera. Although there are 16 identified species worldwide, the status of some of them is doubtful. There are three species identified so far in Turkey. In this study, the taxonomic status of the species belonging to the genus Dichodon is discussed. A species previously mentioned as a synonym has been validated. The distribution of all species in Turkey is shown on the maps and scientific Turkish names are suggested for the species. In addition, a new identification key was proposed for the first time and herbarium photographs of the species were added to the study.

A PICTORIAL TRANSLATION INTERPRETATION: THE OIL PAINTINGS OF MUKREMIN MUNGAN

Artworks begin to communicate with society from the moment they are created and released to the market. In this communication, works of art often acquire a similar or sometimes different meaning according to the interpretation of the person or persons. In the same way, the paintings communicate with everyone who is interested in them since they come out of the brushes of their painters. The artistic, emotional and aesthetic features of the paintings are pictorially located on a canvas. As an intermediary message in achieving these features, there is the name of the painting, which is written in a short and concise way, under or on the back of the painting, next to the signature of the artist or on the promotional label in an exhibition. These names are sometimes translated into other languages for exhibitions or print editions. Here, it is important to transfer both a pictorial and written expression to another language. In order to examine this situation, which constitutes the starting point of this study, the book of Mükremin Mungan, which is written in Turkish-French-English and contains many works, was chosen. It is aimed to make a pictorial translation interpretation of the Turkish names of the oil painting works in the book into French and English. Thus, it is also intended to present a different perspective on the translation process of painters or translators that oscillates between painting and writing.

Classification of Settlement Names in the Turkish Cypriot Geography

The subject of this study is the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), and its purpose is the geographical classification of the settlement names of the country. The examination of the settlement names given by the influence of the physical and human geography elements of the country (Nicosia, Famagusta, Girne, Güzelyurt, İskele and Lefke districts) will shed light on its past and the importance of the settlement names that the Turkish people living in Northern Cyprus want to commemorate for their homeland will be determined. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which was established after the Cyprus Peace Operation (1974), has given Turkish names to the lands of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus by the "Continuous Committee for the Standardization of Geographical Systems" as of 1974, as an indicator of sovereignty. It has continued with the transfer of their identities to the places where they became homeland by the tribes that settled in the TRNC lands, which witnessed many migration events in history. Each civilization reflects its own cultural characteristics in place names. Settlement names are cultural pools of nations. In the study, document analysis technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Factors arising from the interrelationship of nature and human relations have been taken into account. It has been systematically discussed and discussed in order to create a national awareness level. In this context, it is aimed to contribute to Turkish culture by examining the names of settlements. In the administrative structure of the TRNC in 2021, there are 261 settlements as central district, sub-district and neighborhood/village. It is seen that the majority of these settlement names take their source from geographical elements. 122 (46%) settlements are the names of settlements given by being influenced by physical geography and 136 (51%) human geography elements. It has been determined that settlement names related to landforms are more common in physical elements, and settlement names related to person, lineage and clan name among human elements are more common in the field. Each civilization reflects its own cultural characteristics in place names. Settlement names are cultural pools of nations. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which has been the last manifestation of the Turkish presence on the island for centuries, transferred this ancient culture to the settlement names with the effect of Physical and Human geography. In this direction, the effects of Turkish culture can be seen in the naming of the settlements of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

ФОНОСТРУКТУРНЫЕ И ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СООТВЕТСТВИЯ ЯКУТСКО-ТУРЕЦКИХ ПАРАЛЛЕЛЕЙ (НЕБЕСНЫЕ ТЕЛА, ВРЕМЯ, ЛАНДШАФТ И РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЙ МИР)

The article examines phono-structural and phonetic correlations of the Yakut and Turkish names of celestial bodies, time, landscape and vegetable world. The paper aims to identify the level of stability and the degree of variability of phonemic and syllabic structures and phonetic forms of nominal bases of the Yakut and Turkish languages. The conclusion is made that the structural form of the Yakut and Turkish bases coincides in 30.7% of cases, and the average percentage of coincidence of phonetic structures is 32.1%.

AN EVALUATION ON THE TURKISH NAMES OF THE EVERGREEN OAKS IN TURKEY

Türkiye’de üç herdem yeşil meşe türü [pırnal meşesi (Quercus ilex L.), kermes meşesi (Quercus coccifera L.) ve boz pırnal (Quercus aucheri Jaub. & Spach)] doğal yetişmektedir. Bu türlerin adları bilimsel kaynaklar ve geleneksel kullanımda yer yer önemli farklılıklar içermektedir. Makalenin amacı, Türkiye’deki herdem yeşil meşelerin bilimsel kaynaklar ve halk arasındaki adlarının bir değerlendirmesini yapmak ve bu türlerin Türkçe adlarının kullanımına yönelik ortak bir dil geliştirme adına öneriler sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda yapılan değerlendirmelerde, Quercus ilex için “çakpelit ve kaba pırnal/kaba piynar”, Quercus coccifera için “dikenli pırnal/piynar” ya da “kara pırnal/piynar” ve Quercus aucheri için de “boz pırnal/ piynar” adlarının, türlerin Türkçe adları olarak kullanılmasının uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Who can ride along? Discrimination in a German carpooling market

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have focused on ethnic discrimination in the labour and housing market, carpooling has barely been covered. Yet carpooling is indispensable for many minorities because they face severe economic inequalities. In order to test for ethnic discrimination in the carpooling market, we conducted a correspondence test. We sent out requests from four fictitious user profiles to drivers listed on one of Germany's carpooling websites. All users were aged mid‐20s: two males and two females. One man and one woman had German names, the second set had Turkish names. In total, we collected 952 observations. Our field experiment reveals substantial discrimination by ethnicity and gender. Whereas women with German names are least likely to experience discrimination, men with Turkish names are the most likely to be discriminated against. At first sight, counterintuitively but in line with ethnic competition theory, users with Turkish names are not significantly more discriminated against by drivers on routes in East Germany where xenophobia is more prevalent compared with West Germany.

Morphological and anatomical investigation of three Scandix species from Turkey

Morphological, morphometrical and anatomical features of some Scandix species (Scandix pectenveneris, S. macrorhyncha and S. balansae) were investigated to compare and determine the taxonomic importance of these characters. Description, synonyms, Turkish names, flowering times, habitat properties and anatomical structure of each species were determined. According to morphological and anatomical characters S. macrorhyncha and S. pecten-veneris showed high-level similarity. However, endemic S. balansae showed distinct both morphological and anatomical differences from the other Scandix species.

Evidence of Hiring Discrimination Against the Second Generation: Results from a Correspondence Test in the Swiss Labour Market

While there is ample evidence of discrimination against ethnic minority candidates in hiring, most existing studies have focused on stigmatised immigrant groups. Using a correspondence test to ethnic discrimination in the Swiss labour market is enumerated, varying the a priori stigma of the immigrant groups. The field experiment compares candidates with Swiss names against candidates with German, Kosovar and Turkish names in a paired correspondence test spanning four occupations. Results from attitude research in Switzerland lead to the expectation that these groups will face different rates of discrimination, with candidates with Kosovar names being the most stigmatised and candidates with German names facing the least discrimination. Between October 2017 and April 2018, applications were sent in response to 560 real vacancies in the German-speaking area of Switzerland. Across the minority groups, the relative call back rate was 1.13, meaning that minority candidates have to write 1.13 times as many applications as majority candidates to be invited for a job interview. The relative call back rates differ by the ethnic origin: Germans experience almost no discrimination across all occupations, Turks face a relative call back rate of 1.14, and Kosovars encounter the highest relative call back rate across occupations (1.26). We conclude that existing studies may give the false impression that all immigrants suffer from substantive discrimination in the labour market because they focus on stigmatised groups.

Contributions to the genus Riccia L. (Ricciaceae) in Turkey

This study provides an identification key to the species of Riccia in Turkey and also gives information about detailed morphological and anatomic characters, reproductive forms, detailed photos of Riccia species and their spores, ecological preferences, and distribution patterns in the Mediterranean, Europe, and Southwest Asia. The number of Riccia taxa in Turkey has reached 27 including R. atromarginata, reported for the first time from Turkey in this study. Additionally, the presence of R. gougetiana var. armatissima and R. trabutiana in Turkey is confirmed here. This study reports other distribution areas of the species R. bicarinata, R. ciliata, R. ciliifera, R. crystallina, and R. papillosa, which were added to the country`s flora some years ago, beyond previously known locations. Riccia rhenana recorded from Isikli Lake, Denizli, by Walter has not been reported again from the original locality or other areas in Turkey. Within this study, all previously recorded localities and surroundings were searched in detail for the species without success. Different localities have often led to the expansion of knowledge on where these species particularly disperse all over the Mediterranean climate regions in Turkey. Additionally, in this study, Turkish names are proposed for four newly reported taxa.

Displays of Socio-Cultural Priorities of the Lower Dnipro Ship-owners in the NaDisplays of Socio-Cultural Priorities of the Lower Dnipro Ship-owners in the Names of Coastal Sailors: the first quarter of the 20th centurymes of Coastal Sailors: the first quarter of the 20th century

The report considers the informational possibilities of the documents of the Kherson State Archives for the knowledge of socio-cultural priorities and the real mechanisms of formation of social and national consciousness in the socio-professional group of the Lower Dnipro owners of coasting vessels. The study of the source base gives grounds to assert that the modern funds of the state institutions of the Russian Empire in the Kherson State Archives are only the remnants of the former departmental archives, and the most complete funds presenting the problems in the specified chronological framework, that is, the names of coastal merchant ships of the basin of the Lower Dnipro in the early twentieth century are the funds of Kherson port customs. If we are talking about the most ancient documents found on the subject today, then they are related to the end of the 18th century. Mostly they record the names of military frigates and large merchant ships that entered Kherson port and also have Greek and Turkish names. This allows for interesting parallels in the continuity of the tradition of names, in particular biblical and sacred history. In the main part of the message, the identified names are grouped and analyzed. The hierarchy of priority of ship-owners in the choice of names was as follows: in the first place are the names of their own, followed by the names that personify the biblical and evangelical heroes, saints (the absolute priority of St. Mychola), the fathers of the church, and others. Further in descending order are geographical names, social definitions and family relationships, qualitative definitions, general concepts, natural phenomena, names of historical figures and famous people, historical terms that denoted social division or specific occupations, Soviet and communist names, astronomical names or phenomena, names from the world of birds, names from mythology, fairy tales and Legend, ancient Ukrainian social concepts, ethnonyms, names of authors and literary heroes, names from natural history, exotic names rarely used in the region, names and titles of members of the Russian Imperial House, names from the world of fish, water creatures, names from vegetation and animal world and from the world of insects. The conclusion is that the statistics given in the text show the wide range of preferences of ship-owners, mostly conservative and often romantic and the ones that reflected real social and spatial self-determination, national, and in the Soviet times, more and more political priorities. The potential of the materials used in the study of the problem is far from being exhausted, so the topic remains promising for further research.

Ethnic Discrimination in the German Housing Market

Abstract Ethnic discrimination in the housing market has long been seen as a cause of residential segregation and social inequality. While research has investigated the existence and extent of discrimination with regard to written applications for housing, little is known about personal inquiries via telephone. This study reports on findings from a telephone audit study that has allowed us to estimate the impact of (ethnic) accents and to distinguish between taste-based and statistical discrimination. We find no significant discrimination against callers with Turkish names. However, callers with both a Turkish name and accent were invited to view apartments significantly less often. Information about steady employment compensated for this disadvantage to a large extent. We conclude that statistical discrimination plays a major role in explaining why persons of Turkish origin receive fewer invitations to view apartments.

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Esenli (Giresun) Forest Planning Unit

Turkey is an extraordinary country in terms of plant species diversity. Besides this diversity, Anatolian lands were hosted by many civilizations. The combination of these two factors has also contributed to a wealth of human-plant use. The plants have been used for different purposes in different civilizations such as food, medical, instrument construction, fuel, paint, feed, incense. The use of plants today, especially medical and aromatic plants, continues to increase. According to the Flora of Turkey, which plant is known to grow in which region. However, there is insufficient information on the status of plant populations. Plant sociology studies can give us satisfactory information about plant populations. In this study, Medicinal and aromatic plants of Esenli (Giresun) Forest Planning Unit, located between Alucra and Yaglidere districts, were investigated based on plant sociology. During this study; 20 sample plots were taken. T he vegetation study was carried out according to Braun-Blanquet's method. Totally, 226 naturally growing plant taxa were identified. Of these plants, 10 taxa (%4,4) belong to Pteridophyta division and 216 taxa belong to Spermatophyta division. 3 taxa (%1,3) belong to Gymnospermae subdivision, while the others 213 (%94,3) are Angiospermae subdivision. As a result of this study, 110 plant taxa which have medicinal and aromatic traits were determined in the area. These plants are 3 taxa Pteridophyta, 3 taxa from Gymnospermae and the rest from Angiospermae (104 taxa). Families, scientific names, Turkish names, usable parts and traditional uses were given in the presentation.

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a population-based sample of Turkish migrants living in Germany

ABSTRACTObjectives: Data on cognitive testing in migrants in Germany are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Turkish migrants in Berlin and its association with demographics and health-related variables.Method: For this cross-sectional study, a random sample of persons with Turkish names was drawn from the registration-office. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA; 0 = worst, 30 = best total score. Multivariable linear regression models were calculated to determine associated factors with the total MoCA-score.Results: In our analyses we included 282 participants (50% female), mean age 42.3 ± 11.9 years (mean ± standard deviation (SD)). The mean ± SD MoCA score was 23.3 ± 4.3. In the multivariable analysis, higher education (ß = 2.68; p < 0.001), and chosing the German version of the MoCA (ß = –1.13; p = 0.026), were associated with higher MoCA-scores, whereas higher age (ß = –0.08; p = 0.002) was associated with lower MoCA scores.Conclusion: In our study, a higher educational level, lower age, and German as the preferred test language (as compared to Turkish) were positively associated with the cognitive performance of Berliners with Turkish roots. To examine neurocognitive health of migrants, longitudinal population-based and clinical cohort studies that specifically compare migrants and their descendants with the original population of their home countries are required.