Tuition Fees Research Articles

The Tension Between Chinese Peasants’ Family Capital Reproduction Strategies and Massification in Higher Education

This paper is focused on the tension between Chinese peasants' family capital reproduction strategies and the existing higher education system. Under an institutionalised urban-rural segregation, most rural residents are not entitled to some of the basic social welfare guarantees available to urban residents, such as pensions. As a preparation for the future of their children as well as for themselves, peasants have a strong urge to invest in their children's higher education as their family capital reproduction strategy. However, higher education institutions, without sufficient funding from the government, have to increase enrolment size and charge high tuition fees. Increase in the cost of higher education has strongly impacted on the family economy of rural residents, and the rapid expansion of the system has resulted in an employment crisis for college graduates. Bourdieu's theory of capital reproduction will be applied in the analysis of several cases of rural parents and their children who have participated in higher education. The research eventually leads to the conclusion that, under urban-rural segregation, Chinese peasants are compelled to convert their limited economic capital into academic capital, while the reversibility of this capital conversion is hardly objectively guaranteed.

Developmental psychology within Cambodian higher education institutions: how gender influences the achievement of the SDG targets related to quality education

PurposeThis study analyzes the significance of various attributes of developmental psychology developed by male and female students within higher education institutions (HEIs) in Cambodia. It also focuses on the mismatch between planned enrollments and the final selection of a course, and the knowledge and skills accessed during the study.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 463 students (267 female) was selected for a survey from two private and two public universities, located in both Phnom Penh and other provincial locations.FindingsIt was found that (1) the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goal targets related to quality education are likely to be achieved by 2030, but this will require close monitoring of the targets. While it is likely that the male ratio will be accomplished by 2030, this is less certain for the female ratio. (2) There was a mismatch between the planned enrollment and actual course selection for just under half (49.2%) of students surveyed due to high tuition fees, a lack of scholarships, unavailability of preferred courses, failure to gain admission and parental influence. This mismatch was higher for female students for all of these factors except for parental influence. (3) Students indicated a high degree of access to knowledge and skills, except for technological literacy, economic aspects and interpersonal effectiveness. Overall, male students were found to access a higher degree of both knowledge and skills. (4) The developmental psychology of students was found to be significantly influenced by decision-making ability, empathy, people skills, community engagement and voluntary work.Research limitations/implicationsThere were a number of limitations in carrying out this research. For example, discussions were separately organized at each university; the authors did not organize a consultative meeting gathering all the students from the four universities to discuss and get consensus. Moreover, the study did not cover the interviews of parents to gain their views regarding support for their children at HEIs.Practical implicationsImprovement in key aspects of developmental psychology for male students was found to be more significant than for female students, except for intellectual capacity.Social implicationsStill, improvement in the adopt of developmental psychology is required at HEIs in Cambodia and developing countries. Improved developmental psychology among students at universities has been shown to result in a significant enhancement in study performance and competencies. These competencies range from cognitive and intellectual capacity, associated with thinking and analysis; and emotional and social capacity, associated with the development of a societal vision. Students who develop cognitive and intellectual capacity tend to perform tasks more accurately and efficiently, make decisions more effectively and respond intelligently to new or complex circumstances. Students who develop emotional and social capacity are better guided toward focusing on caring for others in the community and establishing peaceful and safe environments. An important implication of the developmental psychology of students within HEIs in Cambodia is the holistic nature of education integrating knowledge, skills, competencies and social responsibility. HEIs should take on the role of equipping students with both cognitive and intellectual capacities for employment; as well as the emotional and social capacities required to build a society based on mutual trust and harmony. Improving the psychological development of students at HEIs in Cambodia may also be significant in achieving the CSDG targets. In terms of policy, HEIs should integrate opportunities for this to be included in the curriculum to increase the opportunities for students to engage in practice-based learning and community engagement activities. This will require providing sufficient learning materials and equipment to enable students to self-learn, think, analyze and innovate, using theories obtained in class, at home. This should be coupled with community engagement programs that provide students with the opportunity to work in the field. All knowledge and skills accessed by students should be integrated with the development of both cognitive and intellectual capacities. Further, social activities organized by HEIs are required to assist in developing the emotional and social capacity of students to interact with communities.Originality/valueThe paper is solely conducted and prepared by SOK Serey, CHEB Hoeurn, CHHINH Nyda, BO Chan Koulika and NGUONPHAN Pheakdey. The findings of the research produce both quantitative and qualitative information on the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals at higher education in Cambodia. In particular, this research is one of the most pioneer academic research studies conducted by a local scholar from Cambodia.

Implementasi Data Mining Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Universitas Graha Karya Muara Bulian

The choice of prospective students on the registration form produces a unique pattern because each prospective student has a different choice according to background, aspirations and tuition fees while still referring to the 9 courses offered. Piles of forms with combinations of program study options will have no meaning for UGK MB if detailed mining and analysis is not carried out. In fact, doing useful data mining will gain knowledge and information that is useful for UGK MB and other decision makers to address the process of admitting new students in the following year. Difficulties in answering past data stacks, which are often also known as chunks of data of this kind, can be ported with data mining (Data Mining). The amount of data studied is 135 forms. The method used is Apriori Algorithm analysis. The results show that for 1-itemset, the highest frequency occurs in the Information Systems variable with a value of 58, 43% support and 100% confidence, while the lowest frequency occurs in Accounting with a value of 14, 10% support and 100% confidence. For the 2-item set, the association rules If the first choice is the PGSD study program then the second choice is the TIP study program with a frequency value of 16, 12% support and 53% confidence and this is the highest association rule. Meanwhile, the lowest association rule is the rule. If the first choice is the Agro Technology study program, then the second choice is the Information Systems study program with a frequency of 4, 3% support and 20% confidence.

The Influence of Family Factors on Students Choice of Major

The family factors have a crucial influence on the choice of occupations. The present study analyzed the family factors through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Methods used in the present study were the professional disposition research method and Colaizzis qualitative research method. The study showed that students from better-off families had clear preferences for humanities and social sciences majors, while children from less well-off families had to give priority to such issues as income and tuition fees. The analysis of the qualitative study found that at this stage, different genders were more significantly influenced by family factors, with female being more impacted by family factors than male. This study suggests that future research on students professional choices should pay attention to family factors. Concerning the family environment, this study illustrates its significant role in students choice of major and their future development. Parents should choose a more suitable major for their students based on the family background and the students interests.

How do tuition fee increases affect international mobility? The case of European Union students in England

AbstractThis paper presents a descriptive analysis of the impact of tuition fee increases in England on the full‐degree mobility of undergraduate students from the European Union. First, we investigated whether the increase in tuition fees reduced the number of EU students in English higher education institutions. Our analysis shows that, on average, English universities suffered a sudden drop in EU enrolments in 2012/13 but recovered and then expanded their pre‐2012 enrolment levels in subsequent academic years. We observe that those English universities regarded as less prestigious experienced the sharpest decline and took longer to recover their pre‐2012 numbers. Second, we examined how changes in enrolment are associated with EU countries' macro‐level characteristics, using the push‐pull model framework. While there was a significant decrease in the number of students from Northern and Western European countries attending English universities after 2012, the tuition fee increase did not impact the number of students coming from Southern Europe. We found an association between EU countries' youth employment rates and higher education system characteristics with changes in enrolment in English universities. By examining the effect of changes in the tuition fee policy on international student mobility, our research provides new evidence on how tuition fee policies might change the behaviour of students.

Determining the social exclusion levels of international students from different regions using the MAIRCA and TOPSIS method

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the regions of Turkey in which visiting international students experience the highest levels of social exclusion. Based on non-numerical data and expert opinions, in order to help researchers and policymakers to understand this sector is considered the most significant contribution of this study to the field. According to the results obtained in the study, it was determined that the primary group of students coming from the Latin America region, with those from Asia coming in secondarily, experienced the highest levels of social exclusion. Therefore, universities and NGOs should consider forming groups to reduce the social exclusion of Latin America students. Programmes that help international students from Latin America, Asia, and Africa adjust to culture can also reduce social exclusion. In addition, non-governmental groups and formal institutions introducing geographical awareness into scholarship programme planning would reduce international students' economic exclusion. Housing and transportation costs, in addition to tuition or programme fees, are expensive for students from this region and compound their economic exclusion. Institutional measures to reduce sociocultural exclusion are vital for Asia and Africa students because discrimination against international students from this region requires a culturally-sensitive response that involves cooperation between the university and civic society.

Information and communications technology (ICT) and academic excellence at the Federal University Wukari, Taraba State

There is a global realization of the importance of technology in driving modernization, change, and development. The adoption of technology, particularly information communication telecommunication (ICT) has permeated almost every sphere of modern society, including the educational sector. While some universities in Nigeria have made inroads in the deployment and adoption of ICT for teaching and learning, others are lagging. However, efforts at the deployment and adoption of ICT and digitizing its operations in teaching and learning seem to be at an appreciable level at the Federal University Wukari, Taraba State. Hence, this study assesses the impact of ICT on achieving academic excellence at the Federal University, Wukari, Taraba State. Specifically, the study examines the appreciation of the use of technology by both staff and students, its availability and impact on qualitative teaching and learning and the academic performance of students in the university. The study used both qualitative and quantitative data collected from the institution. The quantitative data were presented and analyzed in tables, frequency counts and percentages. The Chi-Square (X2) was adopted to statistically test the postulated hypotheses. The quantitative data were explained in the content. The study revealed that the adoption of ICT in the process of teaching and learning has enhanced academic excellence at Federal University Wukari. The paper recommends amongst others that the school should partner with ICT companies to provide ICT facilities like Computers, and projectors among others, to the staff and students at a subsidized rate. The cost should be infused into the tuition fees of the students and deducted from the salaries of the staff on an installment basis. Also, the required facilities, especially, power, that will enhance the use of these ICT in the University should be provided by the university management.

Inclusiveness in Graduate Education in Developing Countries: A Document Analysis of Diversity and Inclusion in the PhD Postings

This article aims to give insights into inclusiveness in graduate education and examine the admission procedures in developing countries. In this study, doctoral postings in the developing countries with the highest scores on the Inclusive Development Index were examined in terms of diversity, equity, access, and inclusion. From the perspective of diversity, it has been uncovered that PhD postings emphasize internationalization by highlighting lecturers from different fields, countries, and cultures. This research found that Polish PhD postings have more inclusive statements. This matches Poland's high Inclusive Development Index ranking. In terms of equity, PhD postings that highlighted opportunities for collaboration and teamwork encouraged candidates to participate in an egalitarian environment. The study found that postgraduate education in developing countries is increasingly emphasizing inclusion, but more work is needed to create an inclusive learning and working environment. This study revealed that PhD advertisements aim to attract qualified applicants with factors such as language proficiency, availability of financial aid, and lack of tuition fees. This study found that doctoral advertisements do not offend or hinder candidates. The last of the most obvious conclusions reached by this study is that doctoral advertisements do not offend or hinder candidates.

How tuition fees affected student enrollment at higher education institutions: the aftermath of a German quasi-experiment

This study examines the impact of the charging of tuition fees between 2006 and 2014 in several German federal states on the number of first-year student enrollments. Since Germany is known for a tuition-free education policy at public institutions, the fundamental question arises of whether, and if so, to what extent, the temporary tuitions influenced the number of first-year-student enrollments. In this regard, Becker’s human capital theory suggests that rising fees should be associated with declining enrollment rates. The analyses to test the hypothesis are based on a longitudinal administrative panel data set for 206 universities and universities of applied sciences from 2003 to 2018; this means there are 3296 observations before, during, and after the tuition treatment. While no previous study has covered the full period of the policy or undertook more aggregate-level analyses, this study applies an analytical research design that uses several panel-data models and robustness checks to examine causal relations based on a quasi-experimental setting. The results of Fixed effects regressions confirm the hypothesized negative impact and even reveal a persistent negative effect of the treatment. The comparison of higher education institutions with and without tuition fees shows that the former institutions lost approximately between 3.8 and 7 percent of their first-year student enrollments on average.

대학등록금에 미치는 영향요인과 지역별 차이에 관한 연구

This study analyzes the factors influencing tuition fee increases using spatial regression models. It employs various spatial correlation analysis methods to investigate the geographical correlation of tuition fees among universities and analyzes regional differences and characteristics in tuition fees. To do this, the study focuses on a total of 193 four-year general and education universities and 174 vocational colleges in South Korea in 2022. It observes the concentration tendencies of university distributions using the QGIS program, identifies spatial correlations of university tuition fees through Moran's Index and LISA Index analyses, and finally, utilizes spatial regression models to analyze the factors affecting tuition fee increases. One of the key findings of this research is the identification of spatial correlations among university tuition fees. Tuition fees at adjacent universities are more likely to rise or fall together, and there is a tendency for high tuition fee universities to be geographically concentrated. Additionally, based on prior domestic and international research, this study uncovers internal and external determinants influencing university tuition fees. It uses spatial regression models to specifically analyze and interpret which factors impact tuition fee increases. Admission capacity, freshman competition rate, number of international students, per capita scholarships, dormitory occupancy rate, per capita library resources, and per capita regional total income were confirmed to have a positive (+) impact on university tuition fees, while per capita educational expenses showed a negative (-) impact. The decision to increase university tuition fees should be made by considering multiple factors and should be transparent and fair. To ensure a more equitable distribution of educational resources and prevent excessive economic burdens on students while maintaining educational quality, a fair tuition fee policy should be developed through organic cooperation between the government, universities, and students.

일본 사립대학 재정구조와 운영 실태 분석

The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial structure and operation of Japanese private universities and the financial support systems of educational corporations and national and local governments to find implications for improving the financial structure of our private universities. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, previous research, Japanese Private School Law and related regulations, literature and statistical data from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Private School Promotion and Mutual Aid Foundation, and Association of Private Universities were analyzed.
 As a result of analyzing the financial structure and operation status of Japanese private universities, despite having a similar ｢private school law｣, there were many differences in the financial structure and operation. The implications for improving the financial structure of our private universities obtained through the analysis of the financial structure and operation of Japanese private universities are as follows.
 First, it is necessary to try to integrate the accounts of university and the accounts of corporation. Second, it is necessary to review ways to subdivide the tuition fee items. Third, it is necessary to reduce project expenses that should be used only for specific purposes and expand subsidies for current expenses. Fourth, it is necessary to consider introducing a grant-type scholarship system that directly supports students' living expenses. Fifth, it is necessary to promote the issuance of interest-free school bonds. Sixth, the accumulation of accumulated depreciation should be mandatory.

Pengaruh Motivasi Karier, Sosial, Persepsi Biaya Pendidikan, dan Lama Pendidikan Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi untuk Mengikuti Pendidikan Profesi Akuntansi

This study aims to find out how the interest of accounting students to take PPAk is influenced by career motivation, social, perceptions of educational costs, and length of education. 2018 FEB UNUD accounting students were used as the research population. as many as 72 respondents were selected using the accidental sampling method. Multiple linear regression analysis was used for data analysis. The results of the various tests used state that the interest of accounting students is influenced by career, social, perceived cost of education, and length of education to attend PPAk. The results of this research can serve as information or reference for other similar researchers and can also assist related institutions in providing information or references to increase student interest in participating in the PPAk program.
 Keywords : Career motivation, social, perceived tuition fees, length of education, interest, PPAk.

The Prediction of Late Tuition Fees at Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan Using the Logistic Regression Method

Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan in carrying out its operational activities relies on funds from students, one of which is tuition fees (SPP). This creates problems if students are late in making tuition payments, because tuition payments can improve the quality of education and facilitie. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine indicators, then implement the logistic regression algorithm by dividing the data into 70:30 and evaluating the performance results of the algorithm using the confusion matrix. The data obtained are sourced from the Academic Administration Section and the Financial Administration Section as many as 12,408 data with several attributes such as the faculty, study program, class, gender, father's income, mother's income, father's education, mother's education and label (late or not late). From the results of the data test that has been carried out, it gets the results of an accuracy of 55.89%.

Tuition fees and the intra-household allocation of schooling: Evidence from Uganda’s Free Primary Education reform

Many education policies in low income countries impose eligibility limits, and these can generate household responses that distribute educational investments across children. In this paper, I study the effects of eligibility limits in the context of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) reform in Uganda. The program abolished elementary school fees for up to four children per household, with families paying fees on each additional child. Depending on the composition of children and their age at the onset of the reform, the policy generates costs for primary school that vary both within and across households. Children that are eligible for the tuition waiver but live in households with ineligible siblings complete fewer years of schooling. I estimate that the presence of ineligible siblings wiped out almost half of the overall impact of the UPE reform on educational attainment, with the effects concentrated among the poorest households. Household responses to the subsidy program are similar to those found in other types of schooling programs such as conditional cash transfers.

Do Electronic Services Improve Students’ Satisfaction among Public Sector Organizations? The Case of Tanzanian Higher Learning Institutions

Abstract This study examines the influence of e-services on students’ satisfaction in higher learning institutions. Although many studies have investigated e-services in education systems, many of them do not associate satisfactory e-services application in administrative activities in ensuring students’ satisfaction. The surveyed data collected from 257 university students was analyzed by the structural equation method (SEM). The study found students are satisfied with e-service provision when the systems are simple to use, reliable, efficient, secured, time-saving, and reduce costs in the process of registration, payment of tuition fees, and accessing online library services.

Zakat Allocations and Student Welfare: A comparative study of first-time applicants and repeaters in Malaysia

Zakat institutions have observed that allocated funds for students were not being fully utilized each year. This raises questions about whether the students were not aware of the available funds or if the allocated funds were not suitable for their needs. First-timers were more likely to apply zakat for stationeries and paying for tuition fees while repeaters were more likely to pay tickets for public transports. The study's findings provide insight into the spending behavior of students who applied for zakat and can be used as a reference to justify fund allocation in universities.

델파이 분석을 통한 A대학의 유연한 학기 제도 운영 방안 탐색 연구

Objectives This study examined the purpose, direction, and implementation strategies for operating on a flexible
 academic calendar.
 Methods We reviewed the literature on the policy of flexible academic calendars for universities by analyzing the
 background, purpose, and operation of such policies. Also, we investigated domestic and international cases of
 semester system operation. In addition, we used Delphi survey targeting professors with experience in the field
 to explore operational directions.
 Results The results of the Delphi survey are as follows. First, the purpose of the flexible academic system was
 to increase the effectiveness of learning by improving the quality of education. Second, the educational outcomes
 of operating a flexible academic calendar were different from students, faculty, each department and college.
 Third, issues related to the operation of the flexible academic calendar were various with regulations, the scope
 of expansion, and tuition fees. Fourth, academic and administrative issues related to the flexible semester system
 included credit recognition and graduation, faculty participation, and academic calendar.
 Conclusions Based on the findings of this study, we suggest the following implications. First, the purpose of a
 flexible academic calendar should focus on enriching students' educational experiences. Second, it is necessary
 to establish educational outcomes for students, professors, departments, and universities, and to find ways to
 support them to achieve their goals. Third, before the introduction of the flexible semester system, it is necessary
 to revise the regulations related to the system to ensure that the system operates properly. Finally, flexibility in
 the academic calendar can be conflicting with the current semester system, so expanding the system should be
 cautious and take its own time.

The "Prisoner's Dilemma" and Countermeasures of Tuition Fee Collection in Colleges and Universities

In recent years, the scale of higher education institutions in China has been expanding year by year, and the number of college students has been increasing year by year, and the problem of tuition fee arrears has become more and more prominent, which is called a major problem in the financial work of colleges and universities, causing certain interference to the economic operation of colleges and universities, and also has a great impact on the moral education of college students. Based on this, the paper uses game theory to establish the game model of "Prisoner's Dilemma" for tuition fee collection in colleges and universities, and the strategic game model between tuition fee arrears and supervision, in order to explore the root causes of tuition fee collection difficulties in colleges and universities in China, and to give corresponding countermeasures with the conclusion of game equilibrium.

Analysis of Internal Control of Cash Receipt and Disbursement Functions

Cash is the company's most liquid asset and plays a significant role in funding the company's operations compared to other investments, so cash control is needed within the company. Companies with organizational management where internal controls can control errors in carrying out the profession to protect cash from misuse efforts from when cash is received until it is disbursed. LP3M Superior Polytechnic is a private tertiary institution whose primary income is the payment of student tuition fees. The research method uses the descriptive analysis method. The test results show that the cash receipts internal control system is effective, contrary to the cash disbursement internal control. At the same time, the internal control system for cash disbursements has not been effective because there are still elements of Internal Control within the company that have not been fully implemented, including placing the cashier in the same room as other employees, which should be separate and have a separate room as accounting control.

Tuition Fees for International Students in Norway: A Policy-Debate

Abstract The provision of equitable chances for students from all socioeconomic backgrounds to pursue higher education is a fundamental principle in Norway’s egalitarian educational system. Providing free higher education to domestic and international students, has long been praised. In accordance with this, the Norwegian government has long sought to internationalize higher education, to enhance the quality of higher education. Statistics reveal a rapid increase in the number of international students enrolled during the past decade, indicating that international student mobility, both inbound and outbound, has expanded significantly in Norway. However, the Norwegian government announced the imposition of tuition fees for foreign students attending higher education outside of the European Economic Area (eea) and Switzerland from August 2023. The fundamental free principle in Norwegian higher education has been viewed as being broken by this action, along with the government’s own political platform and party platforms. In relation to international higher education literature and tuition fee policies in other Nordic contexts and beyond, this article addresses the government’s justifications for enacting tuition fees for foreign students in Norway. Additionally, it investigates internationalization of the Higher Education system in Norway by shedding light on the status of internationalization as well as how the Norwegian society has responded to the imposition of tuition fees for international students. By considering elements like revenue generation, academic diversity, global competitiveness, and social inclusion, the article further emphasizes the potential implications for the landscape of Norwegian higher education and its position in the worldwide arena. With this policy debate, we aim to contribute to the continuing discussion about international students’ tuition fees and offer insightful information to policymakers, practitioners, and scholars working in international higher education.