Trust In Government Institutions Research Articles

Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pemberi dan Penerima Suap dalam Proyek Pengerjaan Pembangunan Infrastruktur: Studi Putusan Nomor 438 K/Pid.Sus/2021

Bribery in infrastructure projects is a form of corruption that undermines the legal order and public trust in government institutions and state administrators. In this study, the bribe giver is considered to play a role in influencing the decision or action of public officials, while the bribe receiver is considered to have abused his authority. This research uses normative research methods, commonly referred to as legal research techniques, positive legal research techniques, doctrinal legal research techniques, and pure legal research techniques, used in this research. Legal research that focuses on written laws or regulations (law in books) or legal research based on social norms and regulations is known as normative legal research. bribe givers and recipients have criminal liability regulated in law number 31 of 1999 concerning the eradication of criminal acts of corruption amended by law number 20 of 2001. Article 5, both the giver and receiver of a bribe are considered to be the perpetrators of a criminal offence. a bribe giver who offers or gives something to a state official to influence a decision that will benefit him or her or someone else can be sentenced. Enforcement is carried out through investigation, investigation, prosecution, and trial of bribery cases. One method that is often used is the Hand Capture Operation (OTT) by the KPK, which has successfully uncovered many major bribery cases among state officials,

Digital Leadership: Its Influence on Driving Digital Policy Adoption in the Public Sector

This study examines the pivotal role of digital leadership in driving government transformation. By leveraging advanced data analytics, governments can formulate more predictive policies and anticipate future challenges. Digital services enhance efficiency, accessibility, and transparency, fostering trust in government institutions. However, successful digital transformation hinges on effective leadership. Digital leaders possess the skills to navigate complex digital environments, cultivate digital mindsets, and identify opportunities. This research explores the competencies required for digital leadership, including data analytics, strategic thinking, and the ability to inspire and motivate teams. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of digital leadership on policy adoption, service delivery, and organizational culture. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study contributes to the understanding of how digital leadership can accelerate government modernization and improve public service delivery.

THE CURRENT STATE OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

The article describes the current state of digital marketing in public administration through the prism of the Ukrainian application “Diia”. The author analyzes how the introduction of digital technologies contributes to improving the quality of public services and improving communication with citizens. It is indicated that the Diia application is a vivid example of the strategic use of digital platforms to provide quick access to services, simplify administrative processes and increase transparency. The article emphasizes that Diia allows users to receive a wide range of services online, including issuing digital documents (passports, driver’s licenses, student cards, birth certificates, etc.), paying taxes, applying for social benefits, and other administrative procedures. Such functions greatly simplify the interaction of citizens with government agencies, allowing them to perform most of the necessary actions without the need to visit physical offices. This helps to improve the efficiency of public service delivery, reduce administrative burden, and increase the level of public trust in government institutions. The application ensures a high level of transparency in government relations, as citizens can easily track the status of their applications and receive up-to-date information on changes in legislation. The article defines the main elements of digital marketing used in public administration. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of digital marketing in public administration. The relevance of the topic is due to the rapid introduction of digital technologies into the public administration sphere, which ensures more effective interaction between the State and citizens. To achieve this goal, the methods of analysis, observation and systematization of information were used. As a result of the study, the main advantages and disadvantages of using digital tools in government agencies were identified on the example of the Diia application. The practical value of the article is to provide recommendations for improving digital platforms to improve the quality of public services and increase their accessibility to all categories of the population.

Discrimination Backfires? Minority Ethnic Disparities in Vaccine Hesitancy

Hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccines, or vaccine hesitancy (VH) concentrated among several minority ethnic groups (MEGs) which were consistently reluctant to get vaccinated. To date, the role of earlier experiences of racism, risk perceptions, and trust in government institutions are some of the underlying behavioral drivers that are yet unknown. This draws on unique longitudinal data from a minority-boosted sample that was collected in the UK during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. We document robust evidence of MEG disparities in VH, which declined between November 2020 and March 2021. While VH is linked to both historical and current distrust in government, risk beliefs, exposure to racism, and socio-economic background, these factors do not fully explain the persistent MEG disparities. Furthermore, similar patterns of inequality are observed when we examine healthcare use, suggesting that disparities in VH reflect broader structural barriers to healthcare access.

Corruption in Public Administration: Evaluation of its Impact on Government Efficiency

Corruption in public administration is a serious problem that negatively affects society and the functioning of the State. It is essential to address this issue effectively to promote transparency, integrity and trust in government institutions. This research aims to review the existing literature on the evaluation of corruption and its effects on the effectiveness of public administration. Three research questions were posed following the PICO methodology (1) What is the effect of corruption on the population's trust in government institutions?, (2) What mechanisms to prevent and combat corruption in public administration have been implemented in different countries?, (3) What is the impact of corruption on government efficiency? The investigations were carried out using the Scopus database and Web of Science for which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identification, screening and including 40 relevant articles. The results elucidate citizens' perception of corruption in public administration, as well as the sources that cause this scourge. In addition, the key findings of the review are presented, including the mechanisms to prevent and combat corruption implemented in different contexts. It is concluded that to combat corruption requires a joint effort from society, the government and entities in order to promote transparency and strengthen institutions, which in turn will contribute to building a more just and trustworthy society.

Membangun Budaya Profesionalitas Pegawai ASN

The employee work culture that develops in an organization should continue to improve over time. However, it is currently apparent that the expected productivity is difficult for every employee to maintain. Disregard for moral values and work culture has given rise to several problems in the performance of government institutions, including: (1) Negative opinions from the public regarding public services provided by government officials, (2) Lack of discipline among government officials which affects the quality of services unsatisfactory community, (3) Non-implementation of work culture values which results in negative perceptions of officers, and (4) Lack of knowledge, skills and attitudes among government officers which require improvement. The method used in writing this article is literature study. Efforts to overcome these problems include increasing commitment, supervision, training, implementing incentives, better internal communication, and developing knowledge and skills. By implementing these efforts, it is hoped that public service performance can improve, improve public perception, and build trust in government institutions. The work culture of state officials has a significant impact on the quality of public services. Problems such as negative assessments from society, lack of discipline, non-implementation of work culture values, and lack of knowledge, skills and attitudes affect the effectiveness of services. To overcome this, steps are needed such as increasing commitment, implementing monitoring and incentive systems, socializing work culture values, and developing knowledge and skills.

The Impact of E-Government Services, Citizen Participation, and Transparency on Public Trust in Government

This study examines the impact of e-government services, citizen participation, and transparency on public trust in government. The objective is to explore how digitalization in public services, along with enhanced citizen engagement and increased transparency, can influence the level of trust citizens place in their governmental institutions. Using a qualitative research approach, this study draws on existing literature and case studies to analyze these interrelated factors. Data collection involved a comprehensive review of scholarly articles, government reports, and case studies that provide insights into how e-government initiatives, participatory mechanisms, and transparency measures have been implemented and their subsequent effects on public trust. The analysis reveals that e-government services significantly contribute to the efficiency and accessibility of public services, thereby fostering trust among citizens. Additionally, active citizen participation in decision-making processes and transparent governance practices enhance the perceived accountability and integrity of the government, which further boosts public confidence. The findings suggest that a holistic approach combining e-government, citizen engagement, and transparency is crucial for building and maintaining trust in government institutions. This research provides a nuanced understanding of the dynamics between digital governance, civic involvement, and trust, and underscores the need for policymakers to integrate these elements into their governance strategies to improve public trust.

Improving the Quality of Public Services from an Indonesian Village Perspective

This qualitative study examines the quality of population administration services in Bluru Kidul Village, Indonesia, aligning with the government's mandate to provide essential services as per Law Number 25 of 2009. Through interviews, observations, and document analysis, the research evaluates service quality dimensions including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Findings indicate a favorable service environment, prompt and accurate service provision, swift handling of requests, caring employee attitudes, and friendly, non-discriminatory treatment of service users. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and administrators to enhance service quality, thereby fostering greater citizen satisfaction and trust in government institutions. Highlights: Thorough assessment of population service quality. Adherence to Indonesia's governmental mandate. Priority on citizen satisfaction and trust. Keywords: Population administration services, Service quality assessment, Government mandate, Indonesia, Citizen satisfaction.

The impact of government policies and regulations on the subjective well-being of farmers in two rural mountain areas of Italy

AbstractThe sustainable development of rural areas involves guaranteeing the quality of life and well-being of people who live in those areas. Existing studies on farmer health and well-being have revealed high levels of stress and low well-being, with government regulations emerging as a key stressor. This ethnographic study takes smallholder farmers in two rural mountain areas of Italy, one in the central Alps and one in the northwest Apennines, as its focus. It asks how and why the current policy and regulatory context of agriculture affects farmer well-being. Interviews and participant observation were conducted with 104 farmers. Three common scenarios emerged that negatively affect farmer well-being. First, policies and regulations designed for lowland areas do not always make sense when applied in the mountains. Second, when subsidies are put into effect at the local level, the reality of their implementation can veer away from the original goals of the funding program and have unintended effects on farmer well-being, agricultural practices, and the environment. Finally, when regulations are implemented on farms in rural mountain areas, the primacy of a techno-scientific knowledge system over other, local and place-based knowledge systems is exposed. These three scenarios affect well-being by eliciting feelings of stress, frustration, and disillusionment; by reducing farmer control over their work; and by fostering the perception that farming is not valued by society. They also create conditions of inequality and insecurity. The ways in which government policies and regulations play out on mountain farms can erode trust in government institutions, lead to an us versus them mentality, and contribute to the further abandonment of agriculture and rural areas.

The Impact of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction of BPJS Employment at The Mojokerto Branch Office

The quality of public services needs to be optimized in order to meet the expectations of service users and strengthen public trust in government institutions. Several indicators to measure the quality of public services include: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The aim of the research is to examine in depth the quality of public services which have an impact on community satisfaction through a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at BPJS Employment Mojokerto branch office, East Java Province, Indonesia. Research sampling used snowball sampling where existing subjects provided references to recruit the required samples. In this technique an individual subject provides information about only one other subject and then the chain continues with only one reference from one subject. This pattern is continued until the subjects available as samples are deemed to have met the requirements. The research subjects are customers who intensively use BPJS Employment services. The results of this research conclude that the quality of service at BPJS Employment, including the dimensions of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy, its implementation is in line with the expectations of service users so that they feel satisfied with the services provided by BPJS Employment Mojokerto.

Citizen Participation in Government Decision-Making

Citizen participation in government decision-making is a cornerstone of democratic societies, enabling individuals to influence public policies and outcomes that affect their lives. This article explores the importance, methods, challenges, and impacts of citizen participation in governance, highlighting its role in enhancing democracy and fostering inclusive development. Citizen participation in government decision-making is more than a democratic ideal; it is a fundamental necessity for the health and vitality of democratic societies. Throughout this exploration, it has become evident that the involvement of citizens in governance enhances the legitimacy, accountability, and effectiveness of public policies. By integrating diverse perspectives and local knowledge into the decision-making process, governments can create more responsive and inclusive policies that better address the needs of all citizens. One of the most significant advantages of citizen participation is the enhancement of democratic governance. Involving citizens directly in the decision-making process ensures that governance is not just a top-down approach but a collaborative effort that values the input and experiences of the populace. This inclusivity strengthens the democratic fabric of societies, fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility among citizens. When people feel that their voices are heard and considered, trust in governmental institutions grows, enhancing the overall legitimacy of the political system. Improving policy outcomes is another critical benefit of citizen participation. Policies developed with direct input from those affected are more likely to be effective and sustainable. Citizens provide valuable insights that can uncover potential issues and highlight practical solutions that may not be evident to policymakers. This collaboration leads to well-rounded and comprehensive policies that can address complex societal challenges more effectively.

Socioeconomic Impacts of Climate Mitigation Actions in Greece: Quantitative Assessment and Public Perception

Appropriately designed and implemented climate mitigation actions have multiple co-benefits (yet some trade-offs cannot be excluded) that result in substantial social and economic value beyond their direct impact on reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions. Despite their wider acknowledgement by the research community, decision makers and the public have incomplete information on these multiple effects. This paper has a twofold objective: First, through analytical bottom-up approaches, it assesses, in quantitative terms, the macroeconomic effects and the public health benefits attributed to a variety of mitigation actions under consideration in the context of the Greek Energy and Climate Plan. Second, it investigates, through a social survey, how citizens perceive climate change and value these multiple impacts of mitigation actions, and to what extent they are willing to pay for them and support the adoption of policy measures aiming at the green transition of the Greek economy. We show that mitigation actions bring about significant health benefits, particularly in cities, and generate significant positive macroeconomic effects, particularly if mitigation actions focus on the decarbonization of the building sector and on the exploitation of local renewable sources. We also argue that most people do not realize that climate mitigation actions can have wider benefits for society, such as tackling energy poverty, improving public health, and creating new jobs. Unwillingness to pay tends to be the prominent attitude. People who are more reluctant to cover a part of the cost of environmental protection are less likely to perceive that climate change is one of the main challenges at global and national level and support the adoption of climate mitigation policies. In this context, the national strategy for climate change should focus on effectively informing and engaging the public in climate mitigation strategies, strengthening the public trust in government institutions, promoting mutually acceptable solutions with the local communities, and providing incentives for changing citizens’ behavior towards climate-related actions.

Why Trust Weighs More? Investigating the Endogenous Relationship Between Trust and Perceived Institutional Effectiveness

This study investigates the intricate interplay between citizens’ trust in government institutions and their perceptions of institutional effectiveness. The two may have an endogenous relationship as they influence each other. Yet, since they stem from different sources and have distinct dynamics, their relationship may exhibit a directional bias in terms of causality: citizens’ trust may impact the perception of institutional effectiveness more than vice versa. As the survey results from Hong Kong suggest here, this may indicate that trust is not only performance-based but also character-based, with the latter lasting longer and exerting a greater impact on perceptions of institutional performance.

Public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine mandates and vaccine certificates in Canada: a time series study.

Since the beginning of the pandemic, numerous public health measures such as COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine mandates and vaccination certificates have been introduced to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Public opinion and attitudes towards these measures have fluctuated in response to the dynamic political, social, and cultural landscape of the pandemic. We conducted a time-series study consisting of national cross-sectional surveys between November 2021 to March 2022 to evaluate the Canadian public's attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine mandates and vaccine certificates. When examining public sentiment towards COVID-19 vaccine certificates and proof of vaccination measures, there was a shift in responses over time. The proportion of participants "strongly supporting" these measures decreased from 66.0 to 43.1% between W25(Capacity Limits), -W32 (Mask Mandate Removed), whereas "strongly oppose" was the second most common response and rose from 15.9 to 20.6% during this same time period. Concurrently, when examining participants views surrounding mandates, many participants believed that their province was reopening at "about the right pace", which remained relatively stable over time (33.0-35.4%) between W28 (Emergency Act)-W32 (Mask Mandate Removed). Our study's findings on the public's attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine mandates and vaccine certificates in Canada may aid to guide and streamline the implementation of future similar public health interventions. Future research should include extended follow-up and a more comprehensive examination of trust in government institutions and polarized perspectives on vaccine mandates.

ICT-based environmental participation in China: Same, same but digital?

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have been credited with the potential to alter the dynamics of environmental governance by empowering citizens, enhancing accountability and improving government efficiency. However, in non-democratic contexts the link between ICTs and public participation is far from clear. Taking the case of China, this study investigates urban Chinese citizens’ use of digital technologies for environmental participation and the factors explaining (non)engagement. Drawing on an online survey with 2912 participants in 2021, we find surprisingly high levels of participation that is not hampered by regime-related factors such as trust in governmental institutions or concerns about the risks of taking action online. This shows that digital technologies have significant participatory potential also under restrictive conditions. However, our findings also show several major limitations of ICTs. Participation in our study is driven by citizens who are digitally skilled, environmentally concerned and also active in the offline sphere. This points, first, to a digital participation opportunity gap that could exclude the less digitally skilled and tech-savvy. Second, this supports the “reinforcement hypothesis” that ICTs are used by the already active and do not suffice to draw new social groups into the policy process. Third, in our study digital environmental participation is limited by citizens’ attribution of responsibility to the government, an unintended consequence of China’s “environmental authoritarianism” that curtails ICTs from unfolding their full potential. Together, our findings contribute to the debate on digital authoritarianism and the opportunities and limitations of ICTs for environmental participation in non-democratic contexts.

Reimagining Democracy: An Exploration of Anies Baswedan's "Desak Anies" Program

Global democracy is at a crossroads, amidst geopolitical turmoil and socioeconomic upheaval. Despite widespread support for democratic principles such as popular sovereignty and civic involvement, their practical implementation is frequently hampered by entrenched power dynamics and vested interests. Anies Baswedan's pioneering "Desak Anies" program in Indonesia takes a novel approach to democratic government, questioning traditional top-down methods and calling for active citizen participation in decision-making processes. This study, based on theoretical frameworks proposed by authors such as Dahl and Rousseau, investigates the Desak Anies initiative's complex impact. The study's qualitative research approaches, which include a literature review and content analysis observations, aim to provide thorough insights into Desak Anies' transformative potential in transforming democratic behaviors. The findings show that Desak Anies had a significant impact on youth empowerment, instilling a sense of agency and political efficacy in young Indonesians. Furthermore, the program has made a substantial contribution to improving community cohesiveness by giving a forum for varied views to be heard and respected. Desak Anies has ushered in a new era of governmental openness, with an emphasis on open data projects and citizen involvement, which promote accountability and trust in government institutions; establishes a new benchmark for democratic renewal and sustainability by leveraging grassroots mobilization and adopting inclusive policies, providing a replicable model for advancing democracy and fostering inclusive government on a global scale.

E-Government in Nigeria: Can Generative AI Serve as a Tool for Civic Engagement?

This paper examines the potential for using generative artificial intelligence (AI) to boost civic participation in Nigeria’s developing e-government ecosystem. Emerging generative technologies like ChatGPT demonstrate intriguing capabilities to make governance more interactive and engaging through conversational interfaces. Thoughtfully implemented AI tools could increase access and understanding of e-government, particularly for underserved groups. However, risks around bias, privacy, security and capability limitations pose challenges for public sector applications. Additionally, Nigeria’s substantial digital divides and defective trust in government institutions hamper e-government participation currently. This paper analyses opportunities and limitations for applying generative AI to advance civic engagement given Nigeria’s unique socio-cultural context. Findings suggest that while AI holds promise, targeted strategies focused on inclusion, accessibility, education and institutional legitimacy building are critical to realise benefits. Cautious optimism, human-centric design and responsible governance frameworks are needed to employ generative systems successfully. If challenges are addressed, AI could open innovative possibilities for energising civic participation. But further research and controlled pilot applications are required to determine optimal implementation.

Interrogating irresponsible Leadership within the Post Independence Matrix in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s Wizard of the Crow and Alobwed’ Epie’s The Bad Samaritan

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the phenomenon of irresponsible leadership within post-independence nations, exploring its impact on governance, societal development, and sustainability of democratic systems. The problem at hand is multi-faceted. Irresponsible leadership perpetuates a cycle of underdevelopment, erodes trust in government institutions, breeds social unrest, and hinders progress towards sustainable growth and stability. This study intends to answer the following research questions; how does irresponsible leadership affect socio-economic development of post-independence nations? and how do citizens react to to irresponsible leadership in the post-independence matrix? By analyzing , interpreting and evaluating Wizard of the Crow and The Bad Samaritan, we aim to illustrate underlying factors that contribute to irresponsible leadership, drawing parallels with historical and contemporary events. This paper is built on the hypothesis that irresponsible leadership after independence is like a tangled web of power and corruption. By examining this theme closely, the novels demonstrate how leaders can harm society through their actions, highlighting the struggles faced in building a just and fair postcolonial world. This study employs postcolonial theory which is relevant in that, it unveils how historical injustices and imbalances continue to manifest in contemporary governance. Interrogating irresponsible leadership through the postcolonial lens enable us to understand how neocolonial forces and the imposition of Western ideologies contribute to corrupt governance. Drawing upon both primary and secondary sources, this study engages in comparative analyses across varying geographical locations to offer an understanding of the nature of irresponsible leadership. The findings of this study underscore that irresponsible leadership after independence has hindered progress and development in many African countries. The study also revealed that irresponsible leadership has led to economic instability and social unrest in post-independence nations.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У БОРОТЬБІ З КОРУПЦІЄЮ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНУ БЕЗПЕКУ

The article examines the impact of digital technologies on combating corruption and their role in enhancing the economic security of the state. It explores the primary mechanisms through which information and communication technologies (ICT) can reduce corruption levels, including process automation and increased transparency of government operations. By analyzing successful implementations of digital solutions, such as e-government in Estonia, the Aadhaar system in India, and the ProZorro platform in Ukraine, the article demonstrates the effectiveness of these approaches. The integration of electronic management and documentation systems minimizes the need for direct interaction between officials and citizens, reducing opportunities for corrupt practices and enhancing economic security. For example, e-government systems streamline administrative procedures, reducing bureaucratic delays and eliminating corrupt schemes. Estonia's X-Road system, which ensures secure data exchange between government institutions, significantly decreases the risk of corruption by providing online access to government services, thus improving the country's economic security. Transparency is a critical factor in fighting corruption and bolstering economic security. When government actions and decisions are open and accessible to public scrutiny, the chances for corrupt practices are substantially lowered. Open data platforms offer access to information on government activities, such as budget expenditures and public procurement, enabling citizens and organizations to monitor and control state actions. Platforms like data.gov.uk in the UK and data.gov in the USA provide extensive data sets that support transparency and accountability in government operations, positively impacting economic security. Despite significant advancements, unresolved issues remain, including the limited dissemination and accessibility of digital technologies in some regions and cybersecurity and data protection challenges. The article identifies these challenges and discusses the need for ongoing research and development of new digital solutions. It also emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and sharing best practices in digital anti-corruption efforts. The article concludes that digital technologies are a powerful tool in the fight against corruption, significantly enhancing transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public administration. By reducing corruption risks and strengthening economic security, digital technologies contribute to increased trust in government institutions and an improved business climate. Future research should focus on developing and implementing new digital solutions and evaluating their impact on corruption levels in various contexts, along with fostering international collaboration.

The Moderating Effect of Digitalisation on the Relationship between Corruption and Domestic Resource Mobilisation: Evidence from Developing Countries

Purpose: Domestic Resource Mobilisation (DRM) is vital for government financing of essential sectors like infrastructure, education, and healthcare, but corruption impedes revenue collection and erodes trust in government institutions. Nevertheless, digitalisation offers a promising way to combat corruption and improve DRM. This study aims to explore how digitalisation can enhance transparency and efficiency in addressing these issues by specifically investigating how digitalisation can moderate the relationship between corruption and DRM in developing nations. Methodology: Utilizing panel data of 65 developing countries from 2007 to 2019, a Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) estimator was employed. Findings: The findings indicate that corruption negatively affects DRM, while digitalisation has a positive influence. Importantly, digitalisation was found to moderate the adverse impact of corruption on DRM, albeit after a certain threshold level of digitalisation. Across regions, the net effect of this interaction varied, with some regions experiencing negative consequences. Notably, the existence of a threshold level of digitalisation above which its influence becomes more pronounced in mitigating corruption's impact on DRM revealed that the association is non-linear. Originality: This study addressed an important gap in the literature by examining how digitalisation moderates the connection between corruption and DRM in developing countries, offering nuanced insights into the feasibility of leveraging digital technologies to bolster revenue mobilisation despite corruption challenges. Implication: These results have significant implications for policymakers, highlighting the potential of digitalisation to enhance revenue mobilisation and combat corruption in developing countries, albeit with context-specific considerations.