Trust In Companies Research Articles

Los valores distintivos de los priístas

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que las identificaciones partidarias absoluta y relativa con el Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) son funciones de cinco variables independientes: confianza en las grandes empresas, el eje ideológico Izquierda-Derecha, la preferencia por la propiedad gubernamental, la preferencia por la igualdad, y la creencia en la maldad del sistema político democrático. La influencia de esas variables no es sólo aislada sino en conjunto. Como explicaré adelante, estas variables son distintivas de los simpatizantes del PRI, es decir, los distinguen de los del Partido (de) Acción Nacional (PAN) y del Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD).</p>

The Structure of Trust in China and the U.S.

This article investigates the structure of trust in China and compares it with the U.S., using the 2000 and 2005 waves of the World Value Survey (WVS). We analyze two dimensions of trust – trust in people and trust in major companies. It is found that the level of trust has remained stable in China within the 5-year period. On the other hand, trust in major companies has declined dramatically in U.S. while trust in people has increased slightly. The structure of trust in companies is different from trust in people. For both countries, individuals with higher education tend to have a higher level of trust. Individuals who are divorced tend to have lower trust in people. Individuals who think that other people are fair are more likely to trust in people. Preference for competition has a positive effect on trust in major companies. On the other hand, some differences between the two countries are observed. Perception of fairness does not affect trust in major companies in China, while it has a positive effect in U.S. in year 2006. Preference for equality has a negative effect on trust in major companies in U.S. but no significant effect in China. The pattern of trust and its changes over time may reflect differences in market conditions in the two economies.

온라인 쇼핑몰에서 기업과 고객들의 차별화된 정보만족과 신뢰의 구분이 로열티에 미치는 영향

As consumers participate in sharing their experiences, they become a powerful information source in online shopping malls. Previous studies have investigated information service in the company-created information perspective and trust in the company perspective. This study extends the perspective of company-consumers to consumers-consumer perspective in information satisfaction and trust. Also, this study suggests loyalty as voluntary behaviors and adds helping behavior to the loyalty. Our results show that information satisfactions influence trust in the information sources such as company and consumers. Moreover, trust in company and trust in consumers influence loyalty differently. While trust in company influences recommending stronger than trust in consumers, trust in consumers influence helping and repurchasing stronger than trust in company.

Parental Decision Making about the HPV Vaccine

Prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are available, but uptake is suboptimal. Information on factors influencing parental decisions regarding vaccination will facilitate the development of successful interventions. Parents of girls ages 9 to 17 years (n = 476; cooperation rate = 67%) from a panel of U.S. households completed online surveys between September 2007 and January 2008, documenting vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and intentions. Among those aware of the vaccine, 19% had already vaccinated their daughter(s), 34% intended to, 24% were undecided, and 24% had decided against vaccination. Awareness of HPV was high but knowledge levels were suboptimal (mean 72%, SEM 0.8%). Black and Hispanic parents were significantly less likely to be aware of the vaccine compared with White parents. In multivariate analyses, compared with parents who opposed vaccination, those who had already vaccinated their daughter(s) or who intended to do so had more positive attitudes, reported fewer barriers, and were more likely to perceive that family and friends would endorse vaccination. They also reported higher levels of trust in pharmaceutical companies that produce the vaccine. Despite limited knowledge, most parents had decided to vaccinate their daughter(s). Given evidence of diminished access to information among Black and Hispanic parents, programs should focus on reaching these groups. Interventions should address parental concerns about behavioral consequences, reduce structural barriers, and promote the perception that vaccination is endorsed by significant others. Moreover, interventions may need to address mistrust of pharmaceutical companies. IMPACT STATEMENT: This study documents factors associated with parental decisions about HPV vaccination for their daughter(s) and provides direction for intervention development.

Kantian ethics within transaction cost economics

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold: first to add to the debate on trust and opportunism within transaction cost economics (TCE) and second to describe a partial solution, a code of ethical practice (CoEP) originating in Kant's moral philosophy.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology has centred on ethical values of right and wrong within an organisation in terms of fulfilling one's duty.FindingsThe contracting or exchange objective in any transaction is to arrive at a mutually satisfactory outcome, an equilibrium point. With opportunism, a free rider problem may well arise; if so, a partial solution emerges. This has to be avoided. In this paper, the authors focus on simple contracts as a solution, that is, an agreement‐as‐bargain in a CoEP not made in deed but made in reason, so that each party to the arrangement, has “dignity”. The avoidance of an ethical dilemma in not fulfilling one's duty is linked to the role of trust in TCE.Practical implicationsIt is argued that the decision not to engage in opportunistic behaviour, for example, by any one individual, may be rooted in a personal sense of duty or influenced by the ethical values and beliefs embedded within the culture of the organisation or the firm. Management may therefore decide not to abuse their discretionary power; workers may opt not to shirk.Originality/valueThe paper builds on a new approach to understand governance and ethics insofar as a firm teaches people morality. This CoEP supports the role of trust in modern companies and links across to the literature on TCE. The paper should be of value to shareholders, workers and management, trade unions and commentators on the theory of the firm.

Impact of Service Failure: The Protective Layer of Customer Relationships

Although there has been considerable research about service failure in the last 15 years, scholars have only recently started to examine its impact on relational constructs. This study proposes a holistic model that jointly investigates the role of company image and trust in response to service failures and their impact on the customer value-loyalty process across routine and service failure scenarios. Using survey data of a sample of 552 airline customers, the empirical results find evidence of a relational protective layer for the firm. This layer protects the customer value-loyalty process from the negative impact of service failure by exerting a halo effect on customer value and loyalty, which is concurrently magnified by this negative impact. Further analysis also indicates the diverse roles of company image and company trust in service failures, which reveals the coexistence of the buffering and magnifying effects. The findings underline that company image is the most versatile asset of the firm, and it can serve as an indicator of how service failures will affect the company. Company trust, as opposed to its passive role in routine situations, acts like a safety net in service failures by enhancing the customer’s value perception.

Trust in Companies and in CEOs: A Comparative Study of the Main Influences

Trust is a crucial factor for the long-term economic success of a company. However, not only does the company establish trust, but the CEO representing the company builds up trust as well and, therefore, also influences the company’s success. Our study examines how different dimensions of trust (i.e., ability, integrity, benevolence, and information quality) influence the degree of overall trust in a company and in CEOs. Nevertheless, dimensions that influence trust in a CEO can be completely different to those influencing trust in companies. Companies and CEOs that act on an international level can hardly be experienced individually, and thus people get information about the company via media use. Therefore, additionally we examine which kind of media is used for getting information about a company or CEO and whether a relationship exists between media use and trust. Findings from a survey in Switzerland (n = 245) show that companies are more trusted than CEOs and that the items which influence overall trust differ between CEOs and companies. Social responsibility as a benevolence item is important for both groups. Regarding information on different media channels, users of traditional media like newspapers, TV, and radio are most critical regarding trust in companies and CEOs.

패션기업 CEO의 리더십이 직원의 신뢰, 직무만족 및 직무몰입에 미치는 영향

This study examines how CEO leadership influences employee trust, job satisfaction, and commitment in fashion companies. A survey was conducted from June 17 to July 15 in 2009. The data were collected from fashion company employees in the Seoul metro area and 360 respondents were used in the data analysis. The statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are the transactional leadership of CEOs in fashion companies classified by contingent reward leadership and management through exceptional leadership. The transformational leadership of CEOs in fashion companies is classified by charismatic leadership and individualized consideration leadership. Second, CEO's contingent reward leadership, charismatic leadership, and individualized consideration leadership influence employee trust in the CEO. Third, the employee trust in the CEO has an effect on job satisfaction and commitment in fashion companies.

Consumer trust in service companies: a multiple mediating analysis

PurposeThe concept of “trust” has gained considerable importance in the field of marketing during the last decades and is seen as a key mediator of customer relationship marketing. But upon a closer look at the literature, the construct “trust” is conceptualized and measured very differently. Based on a literature review and theoretical work, the purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model of consumer trust in a service company, which distinguishes two fundamental dimensions. Using these dimensions, it is possible to detect different mediating effects of trust in the customer relationship to the service company.Design/methodology/approachAntecedents and consequences of trust are studied in a business‐to‐consumer services context in the banking industry. To test hypotheses, empirical data are collected from a sample of 232 retail bank customers with checking accounts. By means of a LISREL approach, two rivalling measurement models of trust are compared and show various mediating effects.FindingsThe empirical data support the two‐dimensional model of trust. Further, the two dimensions of trust are mediating the effect of customer satisfaction (CS) differently. In particular, it is shown that “benevolence” has a significantly greater influence on customer loyalty than “credibility.” Finally, beside CS, the customer's propensity to trust also influences trust.Research limitations/implicationsFindings are limited to the cross‐sectional design of the study and the financial industry.Practical implicationsFor the management of consumers' trust perception, the adequate conceptualization and measurement of trust is central. The aspect of benevolence is crucial for creating consumer loyalty and trust as well as the building of customer relationships. Consequently, management should foster activities to signal customers to be benevolent partners (e.g. service guarantees and branding) to ensure a high‐quality service experience.Originality/valueIn previous research, trust has been often conceptualized and measured in an inconsistent and unequivocal way. In the proposed approach, the two facets of trust are theoretically conceptualized and measured separately. Thus, differentiated effects of antecedents as well as consequences of trust can be detected.

Role of Trust in Adoption of Online Auto Insurance

While online automobile insurance business is growing rapidly, systematic and focused studies lack behind significantly. This empirical study assesses the relationships among web-service quality, trust, and purchase intention. The results suggest that web-service quality has a significant impact on customer trust, which in turn significantly impact the customer's intention to purchase auto insurance online. This study provides useful guidelines for online auto insurers contemplating differentiated marketing strategies based on web-system quality, information quality, and various trust factors such as product trust, service trust, and company trust. Furthermore, this exploratory study makes a contribution to the research community by providing a theoretical framework for future studies on e-commerce in general and online auto insurance in particular.

Understanding the impact of commercialization on public support for scientific research: Is it about the funding source or the organization conducting the research?

This research examines the influence of commercialization on support for scientific research. It compares the effects of the funding source with the type of organization on public support for stem cell research. Using a national Australian telephone survey (n = 1000), the results reveal that support drops significantly when scientific research is funded by private rather than public interests, and even more so when it is conducted in a private company rather than a public university. Respondents' preference for university research was enhanced if they trusted universities, distrusted major companies and believed that the research would be beneficial. A preference for public funding was also associated with lower trust in companies and a belief that the research would benefit people. Implications of these results are discussed in relation to the challenge of maintaining public support in an increasingly commercialized research environment.

Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Research Framework

In this study, we propose a CSR research model focusing on the impacts of CSR on stakeholder perceptions and company outcomes. Research questions posited mainly involve a quadripartite view of the impacts of CSR. We propose a stakeholder-centric model of CSR, conceptualizing the factors that cause company stakeholders to form assessments of CSR initiatives. Specifically, we argue that the impacts of CSR on stakeholder perceptions should be investigated using perspectives from individual-, company-, policy-, and country-level factors. Moreover, we use the relationship marketing literature to suggest a route through which CSR likely translates into innovation, a major source of company and country level competitiveness. Specifically, we argue that CSR likely influences stakeholder-related behavioural and attitudinal outcomes (i.e., company trust, identification and commitment), which in turn increases stakeholders’ tendencies to co-create value with the firm. In this respect, we introduce to the literature a new CSR outcome, namely co-creation of value intentions.

Public attitudes toward sustainable forest management: Opinions from forest-dependent communities in British Columbia

Although public participation is a requirement of sustainable forest management (SFM), it can be difficult for forest managers to obtain broad levels of representation through traditional public participation mechanisms, such as open houses, information sessions, and public advisory groups (PAGs). Some of the difficulties stem from barriers to participation, (e.g., knowledge, time availability, accessibility, and household income). There is a need for social science tools, such as public opinion surveys, to complement existing approaches by soliciting the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of broad sections of the public: getting closer to “the silent majority.” We examine the opinions of residents of nine forest-dependent communities in British Columbia to better understand attitudes toward public participation in forest management decision making, beliefs about SFM and the appropriateness of certain trade-offs, and perceptions of the role of forest managers. Results suggest a need to develop better methods of engaging and communicating with people beyond the PAGs; to increase the public's knowledge of SFM; and to increase trust in forest companies as stewards of the forest.

Zaufanie jako element etyki zakładów ubezpieczeń na życie

The issue of mutual trust is an important element in each economic activity, especially in the global market economy. It also concerns insurance activity. Entering into contracts with clients, a life insurance company becomes a public trust institution. The long-term responsibility lies on the insurance company side. The act of 23 March 2003 on insurance activity sets forth that insurance institutions are obligated to systematically inform their insured clients about contract commitments. The paper shows some examples of clients losing trust in insurance companies. It also defines public trust and the basic factors influencing public trust in life insurances.

Relações de Confiança em Cadeias de Suprimentos: reflexões e proposições a partir da economia dos custos de transação

The presence of some partnership elements in studies about integration between supply chain management members has been noticed but it still in a preliminary stage, mainly considering the discussion about trust. Avoiding the discussion about trust is a dangerous roadway specially due to the fact of trust potentially can reduce the transaction costs and mitigate the opportunistic behavior. In spite of the initial development stage of this field of study, this paper, from a theoretical and exploratory nature, aims to announce some research hypotheses based in a conceptual model considering the convergence between trust and transaction costs (taking the premises of opportunistic behavior and bounded rationality) in the context of supply chain management. After to discuss about the theoretical background of the study, a conceptual model is proposed with tree hypotheses to be tested, as follow: i) there is a negative relationship between trust and transaction costs; ii) there is a negative relationship between trust and bounded rationality in companies; and iii) there is a negative relationship between trust and opportunistic behavior in companies.

Investigating the service brand: A customer value perspective

Despite considerable interest in the nature and role of marketing using a service perspective [Vargo S., Lusch R. Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. J Mark 2004; 68 (1): 1–17] there is limited research about branding. Research to date tends to be qualitative [e.g., Berry L. Cultivating service brand equity. J Acad Mark Sci 2000; 28: 128–137; de Chernatony L., Segal-Horn S. The criteria for successful services brands. Eur J Mark 2003; 37 (7/8): 1095–1118] rather than quantitative. This research closes this gap by developing and testing a theory of the influence of the service brand on the customer value–loyalty process. The model includes the traditional influence of brand image plus three additional influences that more fully reflect the broader service perspective (company image, employee trust, and company trust). Using survey data of a sample of 552 airline customers, the analysis shows there is a direct influence of all the aspects of the brand on customers' perceptions of value. In addition brand image, company image and employee trust have a mediated influence on customer value through customers' perceptions of service quality. Finally the analysis shows that a service brand does not have a direct influence on customer loyalty but rather its influence is mediated through customer value. This paper concludes with a discussion of the managerial and research implications.

A Business Review of the Delaware Series: Good Business for the Informed

Professor of Law, Widener University School of Law, Wilmington, Delaware. Professor Conaway is a member of the Delaware Bar and teaches corporate, partnership, limited liability company and statutory trust law. In addition, she teaches contracts, drafting for closely-held business entities, and advanced business entities. Professor Conaway is a Commissioner to the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (NCCUSL), a member of the American Law Institute (ALI), a member of several drafting committees for NCCUSL (limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, statutory trust, business organization code, and Article 8 of the UCC), secretary and president of the Joint Editorial Board (JEB) for Uniform Unincorporated Organization Acts, a member of the ABA Business Law Section, partnership and unincorporated entity committees, and a member of the Alternative Entity committee of the Delaware State Bar Association. Professor Conaway is a member of Who’s Who Among America’s Teachers and Cambridge Who’s Who

Stem Cell Biotech: Seeking a Piece of the Action

Venture capital groups and big pharma have largely held back from investing in biotech companies focused on regenerative medicine. Will it take a clinical bull's eye to bring venture capitalists and big pharma into the cell therapy arena?

The Economic News and Company Trust

The Economic News and Company Trust

A causal model of the development of public trust in railroad companies

A causal model of the development of public trust in railroad companies